Jul 27, 1999 - ex. (s). - Number of examples. KWLS. - Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary ... Cornman. Common. Mormon. Material examined: 1 ex., Meza dam area,.
so ON A COLLECTION OF BUTTERFLIES ( Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) FROM KAIMUR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, MIRZAPUR, (U.P.)
KAILASH CHANDRA, R.K. SINGH AND M. L. KOSHTA Central
Regional
Station,
Zoological
Survey
of India ,Jabalpur-
482 002. (M .. P.)
ABSTRACT : The present paper includes an account of 19 species belonging to 13 genera distributed over six families recorded from Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary, Mirzapur (u.P). Of which, three species viz. Junonia lemonias vaisya (Fruhstorfer) of the family Nymphalidae, Euchrysopes cnejus (Fabricius) and Catochrysopes strabo strabo (Fabricius) of the family Lycaenidae are ,,-... recorded for the first time from Uttar Pradesh, whereas all the species collected from Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary are first reports from the sanctuary. ( Key words:
J-
r-
Collection, butterfly, Kaimur wildlife sanetuery.)
The present paper deals with the studies on butterflies of Mirzapur district, which is situated in eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. The collection of butterflies was made by the senior author and other team members during the Environmental Impact Assessment studies of Ban Sagar Canal Construction on Faunal Components in July/August,1999. The main emphasis of collection was given on conservation area viz. Kaimu Wildlife Sanctuary, which is situated on lower ranges of Kaimur Hills in the north of Sone river. It lies between 24° 33' and24° 73'N and 82° 12' and 83° 21 'E. The area of sanctuary is 501 sq. km., which extends up to border of Bihar. The study revealed the presence of nineteen species under thirteen genera and six families, of which three species viz. Junonia lemonias vaisya (Fruhstorfer) of the family Nymphalidae, Euchrysopes cnejus (Fabricius) and Catochrysopes strabo strabo (Fabricius) of the family Lycaenidae are recorded for the first time from Uttar Pradesh. Indian J. Trop. Biod. 7-8 (1-4) : 29-35
The common names of the butterflies are referred from Evans (1932) and Varshney (1983). The host plants are referred from Appendix in Wynter-, Blyth (1957) and Gupta and Shukla (1987). The classification has been followed after Talbot (1939 & 1947). ABBREVIATIONS
- Name of collector.
ex. (s)
- Number of examples.
KWLS SYSTEMATIC
1.
USED
call.
- Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary ACCOUNT
Phylum
ARTHROPODA
Class
INSECTA
Order
LEPIDOPTERA
Sub order:
RHOPALOCERA
Family 1
PAPILIONIDAE
Genus 1
Papilio Linnaeus
Papilio Linnaeus
demoleus
demoleus
.
1758. Pepilio demoleus
Linnaeus,
Syst. Nat.
Indian Journal of Tropical Biodiversity,
and Murraya koenigii.
ed. X : 464.
Family 2 : P~ERIDAE
1939. Papllio demoleus demoleus : Talbot, The Fauna of Brit. India, Butterflies, 1 : 189.
Genus 2: Catopsilia Hubner 3.
Common name: The Lime Butterfly Material examined: 27.7.1999; 1ex., 30.7.1999,
3exs., Harra,
1939. Catopsilia pomona: Talbot, The Fauna of Brit. India, Butterflies, 1 : 493.
Pradesh, Pradesh,
Pakistan
Material examined: 1ex., Sukhra, 27.7.1999; 1ex. Harra, KWLS, 30.7.1999; Meza dam area, KWLS, 1.8.1999 (1ex.), 3.8.1999 (1ex.); coil. K. Chandra & party.
and
Host plants: Cultivated Citrus; Citrus aurantium, C. hystrix, C. maxima, C. medica; Feronia elephantum; Zanthoxylum rhetsa; Ziziphus mauritiana; Glycosmis pentaphylla ; Auta graveoleus; Aegle marmelos; Murraya koenigii; and Chloroxylon swietenia.
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Andaman and Nicobar, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Maharashtrq Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and North-West Himalayas. Elsewhere: Pakistan.
1775. Papilio romulus : 67.
Cramer, Pap. Exot.,
1939. Papilio poiytes Fauna of Brit. 178.
romulus : Talbot, The India, Butterflies, 1 :
name:
The
Sri Lanka,
Myanmar
and
Host plants: Cassia fistula, C. siamea, C. tora, C. auriculata, C. grandis, C. javanica, C. nodosa, C. occidentalis; Butea frondosa; Bauhinia racemosa and Diospyros discolor.
Papilio polytes romulus Cramer
Common Mormon.
Fabricius, Syst. Ent., :
Common name: The Lemon Emigrant.
Distribution: India: Madhya Bihar, Delhi, Orissa, Uttar almost throughout India. Elsewhere: Sri Lanka; North Myanmar.
Catopsilia pomona Fabricius
1775. Papilio pomona 479.
Sukhra, KWLS,
coil. K. Chandra & party.
2.
1999 - 2000
4.
Cornman
Catopsilia . Linnaeus
pyranthe
1758. Papilio pyranthe ed. X, 1 : 469.
Material examined: 1 ex., Meza dam area, KWLS, 2.8.1999, coil. K. Chandra & party.
pyrenthe
Linnaeus,
Syst. Nat.,
1939. Catopsilia pyranthe pyranthe : Talbot, The Fauna of Brit. India, Butterflies, 1 : 497.
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Andaman and Nicobar, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Goa, Kerala, Lakshadweep, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh.
Common Emigrant.
name
The
Mottled
Desh
Material examined 1 ex., Sukhra, 27.7.1999; 1ex., Jirgo dam area, KWLS. 3.8.1999; coil. K. Chandra & party.
Host plants: Cultivated Citrus, Citrus mec'ica; Glycosmis pentaphylla; Zanthoxylum rhetsa; Aegle marmelos
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Andamans, Assam, Gujara Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and N.W. Himalayas.
Elsewhere: Sri Lanka; and Myanmar.
Bangia
30
.•
Indian Journal
Elsewhere: Pakistan.
Sri Lanka,
Myanmar
Host plants: Cassia auriculata, C. occidentalis, and Sesbania aegyptica. Genus 3 : Eurema 5.
Eurema brigitta
of Tropical
Biodiversity,
Host plants: Cassia tore, C. fistula, C. mimosoides; Wagatea spicata: Pithecolobium dulce; Sesbania aculeata; Albizia procera; Caesalpinia sp., andkacia sp.
and
tore, C. C. nodosa
7.
Hubner Trans.
ent.
Common Yellow.
Material examined: 1 exs., Harra, KWLS, 30.7.1999; call. K.Chandra & party. name:
The
Small
Elsewhere:
6.
1881. Terias simulata 1 : 119.
Moore,
Spotless
Grass
Elsewhere: Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan and Myanmar. Host plants: Grasses.
C. koenigii
Leguminosae
and
Family 3 : DANAIDAE Moore
.
Genus 4 : Danaus
Lep. Ceylon,
8.
1939. Eurema hecabe simulata : Talbot, The Fauna of Brit. India, Butterflies, 1: 530. Common Yellow.
name:The
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Peninsular India to N.W. Himalayas. .
Grass
Sri Lanka and Myanmar.
Eurema hecabe simulata
Gen.
Material examined: 1 ex., Sukhra, 27.7.1999, call. K. Chandra & party.
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bihar, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Nicobar, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and North West Himalayas. Host plants: Cassia kleinii, and Homonina sp.
Spec.
1939. Eurema laeta laeta: Talbot, The Fauna of Brit. India, Butterflies, 1 : 517.
1939. Eurema brigitta rubella : Talbot, The Fauna of Brit. India, Butterflies,1: 515.
Common Yellow.
Eurema laeta laeta Boisduval
1836. Terias laeta Boisduval, Lep., 1 : 674.
rubella Wallace
1867. Terias rubella Wallace, Soc. Lond., (3) 4:323.
1999 - 2000
name: The Common
Danaus Linnaeus
Kluk
chrysippus
1758. Papilio chrysippus Nat. ed. X, 1 : 471.
Linnaeus,
1947.Danaus chrysippus Talbot, The Fauna Butterflies, 2 : 20.
Grass
Material examined: 2 exs., Harra, KWLS, 30.7.1999; 2 exs., Mezi dam area, 2.8.1999; Jirgo dam:: 'area, 3.8.1999, call. K. Chandra & par~'f.
Common
chrysippus
of
Syst.
chrysippus: Brit. India,
name: The Plain Tiger.
Material examined : 1 ex., Sukhra, 27.7.1999, call. K. Chandra & party.
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh. Karnataka, Lakshadweep, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal.
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Andaman and Nicobar, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Orissa, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.
Elsewhere:
Elsewhere
Sri Lanka and Pakistan. 31
: Sri
Lanka,
Pakistan
,
Indian Journal of Tropical Biodiversity,
Nepal and Myanmar.
Sikkim,
Host plants: Calotropis gigantea, procera; and Asclepias curassavica. 9.
C.
Tamil Nadu,Uttar
West Bengal. Elsewhere: Myanmar,
• Danaus genutia Cramer
1779. Papilio genutia 23.
1999 - 2000
Pradesh
Pakistan
&
and
Nepal.
Cramer, Pap. Exot., 3 :
Host plants: Streblus asper; Ficus bengalensis, F indica, F glomerata, F
1947.Danaus plexippus plexippus: Talbot, The Fauna of Brit. India, Butterflies, 2 : 25.
religiosa; Holarrhena antidysenterica; Nerium odorum, N. oleander, Ichnocarpus irutescens; Hemidesmus
1987.Danaus genutia: Gupta and Shukla, Rec.zool. Surv.lndia,Occ. Pap.No. 106: 17.
intiicus; Cryptotepts elegans; Anodendron paniculatum; Cryptostegia grandiflora and Holigarna arnottiana. Genus 6 : Tirumala Moore
Common name: The Common Tiger.
10.
Material examined: 2 ex., Harra, KWLS, 30.7.1999, call. K. Chandra & party.
11.
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Andaman and Nicobar, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Manipur,
1866.Danaus limniace var. leopardus Butler, Proc. zool,Soc. Lond.:52. 1947.Danaus limniace leopardus: Talbot, The Fauna of Brit. India, Butterflies, 2:
Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. Elsewhere: Afghanistan, Pakistan,
31. 1991. Tirumala limniace leopardus : Mandai & Maulik, State Fauna Series: Fauna of Orissa (Part 3) : Zool. Surv. India;
Tirumala limniace leopardus Butler
Nepal, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. Host plants: Cynanchum dalhousieae; Ceropegia intermedia; Stephanotis floribunda; G Raphistemma pulchel/um.
235. Common name: The Blue Tiger. Material examined: 2 exs., Harra, KWLS, 30.7.1999; 2 exs., Meza dam area, 2.8.1999, call. K.Chandra &
Genus 5 : Eup/oea Fabricius Euploea core core (Cramer)
party. Distribution:
1780. Papilio 133.
core
Cramer,
Pap.
India: Madhya
Pradesh,
Exot.,3:
Andaman and Nicobar, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka,
1947. Euploea core core: Talbot, The Fauna of Brit. India, Butterflies, 2 : 67.
Lakshadweep, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Punjab, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.
Common name: The Common Crow. Material examined: 1 ex., Sukhra, 27.7.1999; 5 exs., Harra. KWLS, 30.7.1999; Meza dam area, 1.8.1999 (1 ex.), 2.8.1999 (2 exs.); call. K. Chandra & party.
Elsewhere: Myanmar.
Sri Lanka,
Pakistan
and
Host plants: Dregea volubilis, Marsdenia tenacissima, Calotropis sp. and Hoya sp.
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Andarnan & Nicobar, Bihar, Delhi, Karnataka, Lakshadweep, Orissa,
Family 4 : NYMPHALIDAE Genus 7 : Hypolimnas Hubner 32
Indian Journal of Tropical Biodiversity,
12.
Hypolimnas
bolina Linnaeus
1758. Papilio bolina Linnaeus, 10) 1 : 479:
The Macrolepidoptera 9: 520.
Syst. Nat. (ed
1994. Junonia lemonias: tns., 28 : 176.
name: The Great Eggfly.
Common
Material examined: 1 ex., Sukhra, 27.7.1999; call. K. Chandra & party.
13.
Lanka,
Host plants: Elatostemma oleracea.
Fleurya cuneatum;
Hypolimnas
Pakistan
and
Remark: The species is recorded the first time from Uttar Pradesh.
Linnaeus
15.
Mus. Ulr., :
Host plants grandiflora; Hibiscus sp.
Sri Lanka
Portulaca Abutil/on
Common Leopard.
vaisya
lemonias Fruhstorfer,
phalantha
Drury, Exot.lnst., 1:
name:
The
Common
Material examined: 1 ex., Sukhra, 27.7.1999; 3 exs., Harra, 30.7.1999., call. K. Chandra & party. Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Maharashtra, Nicobar, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.
and
oleracea, P. sp., and
Elsewhere: Myanmar.
Pakistan,
Sri Lanka
and
Host plants: Flacourtia remontctu, F montana; Aberia gardner; Salix pentandra, S. tetrasperma; Smilax sp. and Salix sp.
Genus 8 : Junonia Hubner Junonia Fruhstorfer
Horsfield
phalantha phalantha
for
1987. Phalanta phalantha phalantha: Gupta & Shukla, Rec. zool. Surv. India, Occ. Pap. No.1 06 : 30.
name: The Danaid Eggfly.
: Pakistan,
Phalanta Drury
1770. Papilio 41.
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Andaman and Nicobar, Bihar, Delhi, Orissa, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.
1912. Precis
Sri Lanka.
Host plants: Nelsonia campestris; Asteracantha longifolia; Sida rhombifolia and Strobilanthes sp.
Material examined : 1 ex., Halia, 28.7.1999; 2 exs. Jirgo dam area, 3.8.1999; call. K. Chandra & party.
14.
name: The Lemon Pansy.
Elsewhere:
1987. Hypolimnas misippus Gupta & Shukla, Rec. zool. Surv. India, Occ. Pap. No.1 06 : 28.
Elsewhere Myanmar.
Oriental
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa and South India.
interrupta; Portulaca
1764. Papilio misippus Linnaeus, 264.
Common
Varshney,
Genus 9 : Phalanta misippus
World,
Material examined: 1 ex., Sukhra, 27.7.1999, call. K. Chandra & party.
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Andaman and Nicobar, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Meghalaya, Orissa, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. Elsewhere:Sri Myanmar.
of the
1987.Precis lemonias vaisya: Gupta & Shukla, Rec. zool. Surv. India, Occ. Pap. No.1 06 : 34.
1987. Hypolimnas bolina : Gupta & Shukla, Rec. zool. Surv. India. Occ. Pap. No. 106: 29. Common
1999 - 2000
vaisya
Family 5 : LYCAENIDAE
In Seitz; 33
Indian Journal
Genus 10 : Euchrysops 16.
Euchrysops
1798. Hesperia 430.
of Tropical
1999 - 2000
the first time from Uttar Pradesh.
Butler
Genus 12 : Rapala Moore
cnejus Fabricius
cnejus Fabricius, Syst. Ent. :
18.
Rapala melampus
(Cramer)
1781. Papilio melampus 4: 142.
1987. Euchrysops cnejus : Gupta & Shukla, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occ. Pap. No. 106 : 47.
Cramer,
Pap. Ex.,
1932. Rapala melampus: Evans, The Identification of Indian Butterflies, : 299.
Common name: The Gram Blue Material examined: 1 ex., Sukhra, 27.7.1999, call. K. Chandra & party.
Common Flash.
Distribution: India:Madhya Pradesh, Andaman and Nicobar, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.
Material examined: 1 ex., Sukhra, 27.7.1999, call. K. Chandra & party.
Elsewhere: Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
orssa
Host plants: Bean, Gram, Dolichos catjang Ougenia dalbergioides, Phasiolus trilobus, Cylista scariosa and Butea frondosa.
Elsewhere: Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
Genus 11 Boisduval Catochrysops Fabricius
Host plants: and Zizyphus
1793. Hesperia 3: 287.
strabo
strabo
Fabricius,
Ent. Syst.,
Ougenia sp.
Pelopidas
mathias
1798. Hesperia mathias Suppl., : 433.
Red
dalbergioides
Fabricius
Fabricius, Ent. Syst.
1997. Pelopidas mathias Ghosh & Chaudhury, State Fauna Series 3 : Fauna of West Bengal, Zool. Surv. India: 313. Common Swift.
name: The Srnalt Branded
Material examined: 1 ex., Harra, KWLS, 30.7.1999, call. K. Chandra & party.
Common name: The Forget-Me-Not. Material examined: 1 ex., Sukhra, 27.7.1999, call. K. Chandra & party.
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Central India, Central Nicobars, Jammu and Kashmir, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, South India, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, South India and West Bengal. Elsewhere: Myanmar. Host plants: Acacia sp., Butea frondosa, Cylista scariosa, Ougenia dalbergioides, Schleichera oleosa and S. trijuga. is recorded
Indian
Genus 13 : Pelopidas Walker 19.
1997. Catochrysops strabo strabo : Gupta, State Fauna Series 3 : Fauna of West Bengal, Zool. Surv. India: 447.
Remark: The species
The
Family 6 : HESPERIDAE
Catochrysops strabo
name:
Distribution: India: Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh.
Remark: This species is recorded for the first time from Uttar Pradesh.
17.
Biodiversity,
Elsewhere: regions.
Papuan
Host plants: Grasses.
for 34
and
Australian
Indian Journal
of Tropical
Biodiversity,
REFERENCES
Talbot,
Evans, W.H. (1932). The identification of Indian Butterflies, Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay. 455 pp. Ghosh, S.K. & Chaudhury, M. (1997). Fauna of West Bengal, Part -7; Zool. Surv. India: 275-318. Gupta, I.J. & Shukla, J.P.N. (1987). Rec. Z 001. Surv. India, Occ. Pap. No.1 06 : 1 - 74. Gupta, I.J. (1997). Fauna of West Bengal, - 7, Zool. Surv. India: 429 - 489.
Talbot,
1999 - 2000
G. (1939). The Fauna of British India. including Ceylon and Burma; Butterflies. Second ed., Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, 1 : 600 pp.
G. (1947). The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma, Butteflies, Second ed., Taylor and Francis i.td., London, 2 : 506 pp.
Varshney, R. K. (1983). Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occ. Pap. NO.47:1-49.
Part Varshney, R.K. (1994). 198.
"MandaI, O.K. & Maulik, O.R.(1991). Fauna of Orissa, Part- 3 :Zool. Surv. India, 235 -
238.
•••
35
Oriental
Ins., 28 :151-
Wynter - Blyth, M.A. (1 SlS7). Butterflies of the Indian Region. Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay. 523 pp.
IN VITRO PROPAGATION THROUGH AXILLARY BUD CULTURE OF Ruta graveo/ens, A MULTIPURPOSE MEDICINAL PLANT
YOGESHWAR MISHRA, P.K.RANA, A.K.MANDAL AND S.A.ANSARI Tropical
Forest
Research
Institute,Jabalpur-482021,lndia
ABSTRACT: Ruta graveolens is a multipurpose medicinal plant. In vitro clonal propagation of this plant through axillary bud culture has been developed. Explants comprising young shoots of one year old flowering plants of Ruta graveolens were collected and cultured on MS medium supplemented with graded dose of BA for shoot multiplication and IBA for root induction. Individual shoots were removed from clusters and rooted on half MS medium variously supplemented with IBA. MS medium supplemented with 3mg/L each of BA and IBA resulted in optimum shoot multiplication rate (14- 18 fold) and the highest percentage of rooting (86.6%). Over 80 % in vitro rooted plants survived on transfer to soil. Abbreviations : MS- Murashige and Skoog, SA- 6 Benzylamionopurine, acetic acid, IAA- Indole 3- acetic acid, ISA- Indole 3- butyric acid.
INTRODUCTION
Plant tissue culture is a technique applied for mass propagation and conservation of threatened /endangered/ rare plant species (Alphonso, 1975; Clayton et al., 1986; Cerevelli.1986; Lal et al., 1988). The genetic stability of tissue culture raised plants is of great significance in germplasm conservation (Vasil and Vasil, 1980), which can be achieved by direct organogenesis in cultured explants without an intervening callus phase (Bayliss, 1980). Ruta graveolens, a native of the Mediterranean region is a strong-scented, erect, glabrous herb and 30-90 cm high and possesses great medicinal use. A pale yellow or greenish volatile oil, rue oil, often with a fluorescence, is obtained (0.06 %) on steam distillation of the fresh plant material. The oil also occurs in smaller quantities in leaves and roots but somewhat in greater Indian
J. Trop.
Biod. 7-8 (1-4) : 36-41
NAA- (Nepthalene
amount in seeds. Rue oil has a strong odour and bitter pungent taste and becomes brown on keeping for a long duration. The oil is sometimes adulterated with turpentine and petroleum (Guenther, 1952; Chopra et al. 1965). Rue oil is used as anthelmintic, antispasmodic, antiepileptic and rubefacient and as a flavouring agent in perfume and soap industries. It is, infact, rich in methyl nonyl ketone used for the preparation of -., methyl-n-nonyl acetaldehyde, a constituent of synthetic perfume(Snell and Snell,1962). The herb is considered resolvent, diuretic, emmenagogue, stimulant and antispasmodic. It is useful in hysteria and amenorrhoea. The juice of the herb is reported to relieve earache and toothache. The herb is also used for treating croup in poultry. It is applied locally in the treatment of rheumatism of joints, loins and feet. An
