In this chapter, it is being tried to introduce the internal architecture of PXI systems and by employing. NI MAX a NI Real-Time system in NI PXIe-1062Q Chassis ...
Introduction of Chapter one: If you are interested to do computer programming mostly with mouse without memorizing complicated text-base structures, labVIEW is the best choice for you. It’s crystal clear that graphical programming concept of labVIEW can easily accelerate the path of idea to reality for every talented engineer. In general easy user interface development, agility to develop data acquisition application and accurate data analysis are the strength of this charming software. Besides, diverse range of toolkits and modules provided along side of outstanding hardware made NI products the best choice for university laboratories worldwide. Let’s not forget that providing astute analysis of an industrial data, data storing in standard databases, C programming along side of graphical functions and working in diverse operating systems made LabVIEW popular in almost all industries. In this chapter we intend to introduce different components of LabVIEW and programming secretes short explanation of its practical modules have also being provided for eager, hardworking students. To make this chapter more prosperous a glancing approach toward digital signal processing, common well-known windows base databases, implementation of popular serial, Ethernet base industrial protocols have been discussed. Take this into the account that all the examples of this book are being gathered in the accompanied DVDs.
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Introduction of Chapter Two: Real-Time applications deployment is being expanding almost every day. For instance, nowadays in air trafficking systems, media industry and telecommunications, Automobile production line, complicated controlling processes of oil & gas refineries or even precise Hardware in Loop (HIL) emulators, Real-time systems are well admitted and widely practical. Real-time systems can be consisting of a processing unit that is being set to monitor or control a system and different sensors and actuators. The most important traits of such RT systems are their time precision in executing codes, prioritized tasks and being absolutely predictable. In this chapter, a history of real-time simulators and time critical systems will be introduced beforehand then, by strong reasoning necessity of such systems would be explained. Then more quality of real-time systems will be provided and their differences with general operating systems shall be point out. In the end, NI’s Real-Time Systems will be introduced.
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Introduction of Chapter Three: Window’s convenience, our good experience and knowledge about it sometimes mandate us unintentionally to use it in industrial applications while we are well informed about its challenging problems. In this chapter we intend to introduce a real time subsystem called RTX which can be installed in windows and provide a real-time subsystem along side of it for time critical industrial applications. For educational purposes and to assist student gaining more experiences with the help of VirtualBox software requirements of working with LabVIEW Real-Time RTX Module has been provided. In the end, after explaining squirrel case Induction machine equations, this electrical machine will be digitally simulated in LabVIEW and Deployed in RTX Real-time Subsystem.
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Introduction of Chapter Four: Technology and hardware of PXI (PCI extensions for instrumentation) which in fact is developed PCI bus for control system and instrumentation was officially introduced to market in 1998. One of the main factors for its success was using PCI at its communication backplane. Prior to this such strategy was employed to commercialize PCI Express. Considering advantages of PCI-Express in backplane, PXIExpress also tried by following similar path, increases the band wide from 132MB/S of PXI to 8GB/S in PXI Express. This was 60 times improvement in bus speed. In this chapter, it is being tried to introduce the internal architecture of PXI systems and by employing NI MAX a NI Real-Time system in NI PXIe-1062Q Chassis is being configured. Components of this RealTime system include NI PXIe-8133 CPU, two DAQ PXI 7833R cards, RS232 and RS485 Serial cards and an Ethernet card (NI PXI 8231). At the end, some explanation about LabVIEW programming and practical usage of PXI in industrial and research projects is being provided. Besides, with the help of some practical examples using PXI’s ports as general or with the Standard Protocol of Modbus is being explained.
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Introduction of Chapter Five: LabVIEW’s “Simulation Interface Toolkit” which its abbreviation is SIT is being introduced by NI to establish a communication between LabVIEW (7.0 to 2012) with Simulink. This toolkit communicate with MATLAB’s Simulink in two ways, 1. By adding an accessory in Math works MATLAB provides an alive and dynamic communication with labVIEW. In this method Simulink code Runs inside Simulink itself but, input and output parameters and their execution command is being controlled by LabVIEW. 2. In this method a DLL is being extracted from Simulink and would be loaded inside the LabVIEW. The benefit of this method is the independence of LabVIEW code because having Simulink installed on the target is not required anymore. Take this into the account that by combining Simulink and LabVIEW’s Capabilities with SIT, user can bring in Simulink Libraries models -For instance, SimPower System which is an advance library for Power System analysis- in LabVIEW and employ the sophisticated features of it.
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Introduction of Chapter Six: According to one definition, model of one system is being consisted of mathematical equations, instruments and equipments for acquiring a system’s feature without direct application. Basically utilization of dynamic models is beneficial to gain the knowledge of a system’s behavior in current moment or in the future. In engineering models often employ to design or modify equipment, new phenomena or providing analysis and tuning for the current process. In such applications the common method of modeling would be conversion to Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) and then start computer programming for integration of differential equations. This method was widely acceptable due to its compatibility with processor’s architecture. To manufacture industrial equipment or a costly and complicated control system, enlisting a dynamic model and making Hardware In LOOP (HIL) Emulator is often the first step. HIL systems are the most prevalent method to test and upgrade the complex control systems by providing a chance to perform detailed analysis of the target system before making a real one. Synchronous generators are more than 100 years old. Such generators are always one of the key elements of every power network and played an outstanding role in power generation worldwide. In this chapter at the beginning the theory of Synchronous machines are being spot lighted then a complete simulation of all required equipments in power generation (a Gas power plant) has been demonstrated in Simulink. In the following by what we learned from chapter 5 a DLL is being created and loaded in LabVIEW. Finally to depict a simple HIL system, Exciter would be extracted from the main model and a mathematical model of it (IEEE Type ST1) is being downloaded in EZDSP320F2812 processor. Then by connecting this evaluation board to the PXI a simple HIL system would be emerged! It worth noting that the PXI’s main controlling loop speed is 300 Micro-second.
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Introduction of Chapter Seven: Most of the NI hardware’s are costly and this will make them not suitable for solely educational purposes, small research control system and small company’s laboratory. Of course many off the shelf commercial computers with the certainty of reliable execution of the loop can easily play the role of control or test system. Combining such systems with NI’s DAQ Cards and Real-Time operating systems will provide an affordable, economical & trustworthy RT target which its configuration and coding structure is highly similar to PXI, cRIO systems. In this chapter we will try to implement labVIEW Real-Time module in VirtualBox to ease the training in absence of a real-time system. In the following it would be provided a step to step approach converting a commercial, inexpensive PC into a real-time target (PC RIO). At the end two examples of “Real-Time Ethernet communication” and “constant parameter model of Induction Motor in LabVIEW PC Real-Time systems” would be presented to demonstrate detailed labVIEW programming of such systems.
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