201 Niger. J. Physiol. Sci. 27(December 2012)

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Aug 24, 2012 - of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University,. Makurdi ... Rivers State [email protected], [email protected],. This study ...... Health Sciences and Technology College of Medicine & Health.
Niger. J. Physiol. Sci. 27(December 2012) www.njps.com.ng

ABSTRACTS OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE XXXIInd ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF THE SOCIETY Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar.22nd-24th August, 2012

200g) were divided into four groups viz: control, thyroidectomised, thyroidectomised with thyroxine treatment (100µg/kg/day) and Sham operated animals treated given thyroxine. After 35 days of thyroxine treatment and post-surgery, ulcer was induced in stomach of animals using acetic acid. Ulcer healing was assessed on days 3, 7 and 10 post ulcer induction by measuring the area of mucosa eroded using histomorphometry method. Gastric acid secretion study was carried out using continuous perfusion method and differential white blood cell count was carried out. Result showed that by day 10, thyroxine treatment significantly (p< 0.01) increased rate of healing by 89.4 ± 0.9% compared with control 72.4 ± 1.8% while thyroidectomy significantly (p < 0.05) reduced healing by 59.1 ± 3.9%. By day 10 in control animals, basal and histamine stimulated acid concentration reduced by 65.0 ± 0.0% and 30.4 ± 1.9% compared with day 3, while thyroxine treatment significantly (p< 0.01, 0.01) reduced basal and stimulated acid by 77.4 ± 2.6% and 48.3 ± 3.4% respectively. Thyroxine treated animals had the highest reduction in NLR (65.0 ± 2.5%), while reduction was least in thyroidectomised animal (21.1 ± 1.7%). This result shows that effective reduction in acid secretion and NLR might be mechanisms by which thyroxine treatment accelerates gastric ulcer healing.

EFFECTS OF DIETARY ADVANCED LIPID OXIDATION END PRODUCTS ON COLITIS HEALING IN ALBINO RATS Adeleye G.S., Nwozor C.M., Okafor C.B. and Oguwike F.N Department of Physiology, Anambra State University, Uli, Anambra State. Correspondence: adeguyton @ yahoo.com Tel: 08064971045

The oxidation of unsaturated lipid results in significant generation of dietary advanced lipid oxidation endproducts (ALEs) which are in part cytotoxic and genotoxic compounds. Colitis is an inflammation of the colon. There are many types of colitis viz: Ulcerative, Ischemic, Crohn’s disease, collagenous, chemical colitis etc. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of dietary advanced lipid oxidation end products on colitis healing in albino rats. 45 albino rats (divided into 3 groups – control, low and high dose ALE groups) of average weight of 200g were used for this study. Colitis was induced in all groups using 6% acetic acid. The low and high doses were fed with 7.5g and 15g ALE respectively for 20 days. The control animals ate normal rat chow. The stools of all animals were scored for 20 days. On days 7, 14 and 20 three animals were sacrificed from each group and 8cm of the colon was cut out for weight measurement and gross morphological scoring. The results showed that on day 6 colitis scores were 0.63 ± 0.03 (control), 0.80 ± 0.03 (low dose), and 0.73 ± 0.03 (high dose). On day 20, 0.33 ± 0.03 (control), 0.50 ± 0.03 (low dose), and 0.50 ± 0.02 (high dose). ALE reduced colitis healing rate compared to control. This study showed that ALE aggravated acetic-acid induced colitis in albino rats.

References: Tuorkey M. J. and bdul-Aziz,K. K. (2009). Biomed. Pharmacother. 63, 194-201. Tarnawski A. (2000). Drug News & Perspective 13:158168. LONG-TERM ADMINISTRATION OF NEVIRAPINE IMPAIRS LIVER FUNCTION IN THE RAT Umoren, E.B.; Obembe, A.O. Odo, M.O. and Osim, E.E.

Reference Kanner J. (2007). Mol .Nutr. Food Res. 51, 1094-1101. ACCELERATED HEALING OF EXPERIMENTAL GASTRIC ULCER IN THYROXINE-TREATED RATS: ROLES OF GASTRIC ACID AND NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO 1 Olaleye S. B., 2Adeniyi O. S. and 3Emikpe B. O

Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar. Nigeria

Nevirapine (NVP) is extensively bio-transformed via cytochrome P450 (oxidative) metabolism to several hydroxylated metabolites (de Maat et al. 2004). NVP may cause severe or life-threatening liver toxicity, usually emerging in the first six weeks of treatment. The effect of long-term administration of NVP on liver function was studied in rats. Twenty adult albino Wistar rats (50-125 g body weight) were randomly assigned into control and test groups. Rats in the control group (n=10) were fed normal rodent chow while the NVP (test) group (n=10) were fed by gavage (0.4 mg/g body weight) of NVP

1

Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, 3Veterinary Pathology University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

Thyroid hormones play a role in ulcerogenesis, however the role of these hormones on ulcer healing are still being investigated. This research therefore aims to investigate the roles of gastric acid secretion and neutrophillymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the healing of gastric ulcer in altered thyroid states. Male albino Wistar rats (160 –

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twice daily in addition to normal rodent chow for twelve weeks. All animals were allowed free access to clean drinking water. Liver enzyme assay was used to access liver function. The mean values for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alanine phosphatase (ALP) and gamma aminotransferase (GGT) levels in the test group were significantly (p0.05*NS) in euthyroid term delivery. Reference Rooper, D.C. (2007). Nature. Review. LONG-TERM ADMINISTRATION OF NEVIRAPINE, AN ANTIRETROVIRAL, ON CYTOPROTECTION IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS Umoren, E.B.; Odo, M. O., Obembe, A.O. and Osim, E.E. Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar Nigeria.

The antiretroviral drug, Nevirapine (NVP) is a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) of HIV-1. NVP binds directly to reverse transcriptase and blocks the RNA-dependendent and DNA-dependent polymerase activities by causing a disruption of the enzyme’s catalytic site. NVP like many other antiretroviral agents has side-effects and toxicities which affect the gastrointestinal system (Deborah et al. 2005). Whether its administration affects gastric ulceration has not been previously studied. The study was therefore undertaken to investigate the effect of administation of NVP on cytoprotection in rats. Twenty adult Wistar rats (50-125g body weight) were randomly assigned into control and test groups. Rats in the control group (n=10) were fed normal rodent chow, while the NVP (test) group (n=10) were fed by gavage 0.4mg/wt of NVP twice daily

in addition to normal rodent chow for 12 weeks. All animals were allowed free access to clean drinking water. The mean values for ulcer scores and adherent mucus in the test group was significantly higher (p