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AR-005-421
WSRL-TM-30/88
-4A I
00 NANSEN STATION DATA FOR THE INDIAN AND PACIFIC OCEANS 1982 TO 1987
I L.J. HAMILTON
MARITIME SYSTEMS DIVISION WEAPONS SYSTEMS RESEARCH LABORATORY
DT k; SELECTE JAN 0 3 1991 D
Approved for Public Release
SEPTEMBER 1989 4
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE
DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION LIBRARY
AMENDMENT TO WSRL-TM-30/88 P'.ease amend your copy of WSRL-TM-30/88 Nansen Station Data for the Indian and "acific Oceans 1982 to 1987 by L.J. Hamilton. On page 111, delete the following lines: c = -0.5025278*0.01 d = 0.109749*0.01
Paste the attached amendment over the deleted lines.
c = -0.5025278*0.1
1F
d = 0.109749*0.1
M. LINNANE DSTO SYDNEY LIBRARIAN 31.1.91
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DSTOSydmy PM 17Jones BayRoad .S.. 209 Auga r P.O. Box 44Pynmr N.S.W.
T&**mbs: .a (02) 6921509 6921510 Reports Lbradan (02) I rary Loam (02) 6921511 Teox: 127142 sur (02)66oo19
UNCLASSIFIED
WS R F LL .
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TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
NANSEN STATION DATA FOR THE INDIAN AND PACIFIC OCEANS 1982 TO 1987
LJ.Hamilton
For ncO~O ITIS GRA I DTIS DTIC TAB G', .Fo Unannounced Justificatio Distibuition,
0
By. Distributionl/ Codes Availability Avail and/or Special Dist
SU M MA R Y(U) Nansen station data taken by Maritime Systems Division (Sydney), (formerly known as RANRL.or Royal Australian Navy Research Laboratory), are presented as tables and plots. The Nansen stations were occupied in the East Indian and southwest Pacific Oceans between November 1982 and December 1987 by Royal Australian Navyoceanographic researchvessels HMAS Kimblaand HMAS Cook. The data tables are also available on floppy disk.
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© Commonwealth of Australia
Author's addrss: Maritime Systems Division Weapons Systems Research Laboratory PO %x 704Oox Darlinghurst,2010 NewSouth Wales
Requests to: Chief, Maritime S)stems Division Weapons Systems Research Laboratory
UNCLASSIFIED
7o
Salisbury,5108 SouthAustralia
-
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION1 EQUIPMENT Ships and winches
1
Deep Sea Reversing Thermometers (DSRT)
1
Narnsen bottles
3
Position and time
3
NANSEN STATION DATA PROCESSING
3
THE DATA
5
Cruise RANRL. 15/82 Notes for cruise RANRL 15/82 Additional data for cruise RANRL 15/82 Cruise RANRL 30/82 r .otes for cruise RANRL. 30/82 Additional Nansen data for cruise RANRL 30/82 Other sources of data for cruise RANRL 30/82 Cruise RANRL 23/83 Notes for cruise RANRL 23/83 Other sources of data for cruise RAINRL 23/83 Cruise TC 1 -Notes
I
for cruise TC 1 Other sources of data for c, uise TC 1 Other Nansen data for cruise TC 1 Cruise RANRL 1/84 (SEAMAP 1) Notes for cruise RANRL 1/84 (SEAMAP 1) Other sources of data for cruise RANPZL 1/84 (SEAMAPI1)
7 7 7 9 9 10 10 22 22 22 33 33 33 34 44 44 44
- -88
WSRL-TM-30/88
Cruise RANRL 24/83 Notes for cruvie RANRL 24/83 Additional Nansen data for cruise RANRL 24/83 Other sources of data for cruise RANRL 24/83 Cruise TC 2 Notes for cruise TC 2 Additional Nansen data for cruise TC 2 Other sources of data for cruise TC 2 Cruise RANRL 11/85 Notes for cruise RANRL 11/85 Other sources of data for cruise RANRL 11/85 Cruise RANRL 6/85 (SEAMAP 2) Notes for cruise RANRL 6/85 (SEAMAP 2) Additional Nansen data for cruise RANRL 6/85 (SEAMAP 2) Other sources of data for cruise RANRL 6/85 (SEAMAP 2) Cruise RANRL 3/86 Notes for cruise RANRL 3/86 Addition Nansen data for cruise RAINRL 3/86 Other sources of data for cruise RANRL 3/86 Cruise RANRL 6/86 Notes for cruise RANRL 6/86 Addition Nansen data for cruise RANRL 6/86 Other sources of data for cruise RANRL 6/86 Cruise RANRL 1/87 Notes for cruise RANRL 1/87 Additional Nansen data for cruise RANRL 1/87 Other sources of data for cruise RANRL 1/87 Cruise MSD 2/87 Notes for cruise MSD 2/87 Additional Nanseh data for cruise MSD2/87 Other sources of data for cruise MSD 2/87
52 52 52 52 58 58 58 60 68 68 69 76 76 76 76 91 91 91 91 92 92 92 92 94 94 95 96 III 111 111 112
WSRL-TM-30/88
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
113
REFERENCES
126
LIST OF TABLES 1.
2.
DETAILS OF MARITIME SYSTEMS DIVISION CRUISES WHICH OCCUPIED NANSEN STATIONS FOR 1982 TO 1987
2
REFERENCES TO ALGORITHMS USED TO PROCESS NANSEN STATION DATA
4
LIST OF FIGURES
*
,4
iii
1.
Nansen station positions in the south-western Pacific Ocean 1982 to 1987
6
2.
Nansen station positions for survey RANRL 30/82
12
3.
Temperature-salinity curves and scatter plot for cruise RANRL 30/82
13
4.
Nansen station positions for cruise RANRL 23/83
22
5.
Temperature-salinity curves for survey RANRL 23/83
23
6.
Track chart of cruise TC 1 (hydrostations are numbered)
35
7.
Temperat ure-salinity curves and scatter plot for cruise TC 1
36
8.
Temperature-oxygen curves for cruise TC 1
37
9.
Nansen station positions for cruise RANRL 1/84 (SEAMAP 1)
45
10. Temperature-salinity curves for cruise RANRL 1/84 (SEAMAP 1)
46
11. Temperature cross-section about Chatham Rise in January 1984 for survey RANRL 1/84 (SEAMAP 1)
47
12. Salinitv cross-section about Chatham Rise in January 1984 for survey RANRL "/84 (SEAMAP 1)
47
13. Nansen station positions for survey RANRL 24/83
53
14. Temperature-salinity curves for cruise RANRL 24/83
54
WSRL-TM-30/88
15, Nansen station positions for survey TC 2
59
16. Tempcrature-salinity curves and scatter plot for cruise TC 2
62
17. Temperature-oxygen curve3 for cruise TC 2
63
18. Nansen station positions for survey RANRL 11/85 (Nansen station positions for survey RANRL 23/83 are also shown)
69
19. Temperature-salinity curves and scatter plot for RANRL 11/85
70
20. Nansen station positions for cruise RANRL 6/85 (SEAMAP 2)
78
21. Temperature and salinity cross-sections from Sydney to south of New Zealand in July 1985 for survey RANRL 6/85 (SEAMAP 2)
79
22. Temperature-salinity curves for cruise RANRL 6/85
80
23. Temperature-oxygen curves for cruise RANRL 6/85
81
24. Nansen station positions for survey RANRL 1/87
98.
25. Temperature-salinity curves and scatter plot for cruise RANRL 1/87
99
26. Nansen station positions for survey MSD 2/87
114
27. Temperature-salinity curves and scatter plot for cruise MSD 2/87
115
______
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WSRL-TM-30/88
INTRODUCTION Nansen statiot data are listed-and tabulatd for thirteen cruises made between November 1982 and December 1987 in the east Indiafi and southwest Pacific Oceans. The Nansen data were collected from Royal Australian Navy oceanogrzphic vessels HMAS Kimbla and HMAS Cook bythe Royal Australian Navy Research Laboratory (RANRL), which became part of.Maritime Systems Division of Weapons Systems Research Laboratory in -1987. Data for some of these stations have been listed elsewhere, as detailed for each cruise, but the data in this report have been revised, and these listings-are intended to replace any previous ones. The basic purpose of the listings is to (a) provide a useful data set for other researchers, and (b) to. ensure-that the data will be placed in data banks, specifically those of the Australian Oceanographic Data Centre. Data were taken in accordance with the procedures in Publication No. 607 oi the USN Oceanographic Office "Instruction Manual For Obtaining Oceanographic Data", third edition 1968. (See also Hamilton, 1982a). Details of methods and equipment used to obtain and process the data are given in following sections, as are details ol particular processing problems for each cruise. This allows quality indicators to be assigned for archival (data base) purposes, and allows determination by users of the usefulness of the data for their particular application. As a-genera) note, bottle spacing in near surface waters is often far from ideal at a 25 m or greater vertical separation, except when mixed layers cccur. Publications-which have made use of these data are referenced for each cruise, to enhance the usefulnes, of the data set. This-imemorandum does not make any further analysis of the data, except for the derivation.,of -some temperature - salinity polynorhial regression relations. The Nansen data listed herein are available on DOS format diskette. To obtain a copy send requests to the author through the-Clief, Maritime Systems Division.
EQUIPMIE NT Ships and winches HMAS Cook is fitted with bow thruster and active rudder which enables ship manouvering to keep the- oceanographic -wire vertical. HMAS Kimbla simply arifted during the course of a station, with only limited manouvering possible to keep the vessel from over-run:,.ng the-wire. Winch wire retrieval rates for HMAS Cook are about 80 m/min, and higher in calm-conditions. Wire rate fcr HMAS Kimbla was usually 30 to,40 m/min.
* *Deep
I
Sea Reversing Therionteters (DSRT)Protected type DSRT usedwere: (a) -0 to 32 0 C Watanabe-Keiki with 0.10 0 C gradations and absolute accuracy of the order ±0.030C
Sor-better
WSRL-TM-30/88
TABLE 1.
2
DETAILS OF MARITIME SYSTEMS DIVISION CRUISES WHICH OCCUPIED NANSEN STATIONS FOR 1982 TO 1987
Vessel Cruise name
(HMAS)
Period
_______
Number of
NominalJ
s-3tions
depth
Location
(in)
_____
RANRL 15/82
KIMBLA
November 1982
2
400
Tasman Sea
RANRL 30/82
KIMBLA
April 1983
16
1500
South Tasman
RANRL 23/83
COOK
May 1983
18
1500
East Indian
TC 1
COOK
December 1983
12
Bottom
Tasman Sea
RANRL 1/84 (SEAMAP 1)
COOK
January 1984
8
2000
Southwest Pacific
RANRL 24/83
KIMBLA
February 1984
6
1500
South Tasman
TC2
COOK
March 1984
7
Bottom
Tasman Sea
RANRL 11 /85
COOK
March 1985
9
200
East Indian
RANRL 6/85 (SEAMAP 2)
COOK
July 1985
14
Bottom
Southwest Pacific
RANRL 3/36
COOK
May 1986
1
2000
Tasman Sea
RZANRL 6/86
COOK
September 1986
1
500
Tasman Sea
RANRL 1/87
COOK
May 1987
21
Bottom
Tasman Sea
MSD 2/87
COOK
November 1987
19
Bottom
Tasman Sea
_______ ______
________
134
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
(b) for TC 1 and later cruises 0 to 6or Gohla Precision with 0.002 0 C graduations and absolute accuracy better than 0.01OC. Unprotected type DSRT used were: (a) 0 to 32 0 C Watanabe-Keiki (b) 0 to 35 0 C Watanabe-Keiki with low Q-factors
IVI
3
WSRL-TM-30/88
(c) 0 to 60 0 C Watanabe-Keiki with low Q-factors (d) one ofnly Negretta-Zambra 0 to 600C with Q-factor of order 0.1 (e) since November 1983 0 to 600 C Gohla Precision with Q-factor of order 0.1. The Watanabe-Keiki DSRT are calibrated for Maritime Systems Division by CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) at irregular intervals. The Watanabe-Keiki DSRT are now from 11 to 26 years old and are therefore not expected to experience calibration shifts caused by glass movements. The Gohla-Precision DSRT are aged for 6 months by the manufacturer to minimize such problems. History cards have been maintained for the DSRT to eliminate those with unreliable performances. It became apparent by comparison with other DSRT that one batch of Watanabe-Keiki unprotected DSRT had threes and fives interchanged in their Q-factors on the original calibration sheets (senal numbers 2750x). The purchase of two batches of Gohla 0 to 600C unprotected DSRT allowed later cruises to definitely confirm observations on the performances of the limited number of 0 to 600 C unprotected DSRT available previously. These observations were further confirmed by doubling up DSRT in a Niskin bottle rosette sampler used with a Plessey model 9041 CTD. It has taken some time to get enough intercomparison data but the performance details of many doubtful DSRT are now known or confirmed. This has enabled problems with several conflicting data values to be resolved or confirmed, and allowed-a revision of DSRT depth and temperature data to allow formal presentation of results. Nansen bottles W;tanabe-Keiki type were sometimes used for casts to 1300 m or so. Tsurumi-Sikie-Kosakusho (TSK) Nansen bottles were used for the deeper casts, and also for some shallow casts. The Nansen bottles are serviced before and after cruises. All bottles are 15 or more years old and mostly well used, ie most are well conditioned to the effects of seawater. Position and time Measurement of position for all cruises was by satellite navigation position fixing system (satnav). Some positions have been interpolated directly between the available fixes, but on others the satnav dead reckoning position is used. Since several satnav fixes usually occurred for each station, negligible errors are expected. The time given is time of messenger drop for the shallow cast, even it the deeper casts were made first. Times are GMT (now UTC) unless otherwise noted.
NANSEN STATION DATA PROCESSING Nansen-station datawere collected using the standard procedures outlined in publication 607 (US Naval Oceanographic Office, 1970). The bow thruster-and active rudder on HMAS Cook were used to keep the
2
-
____
WSRL-TM-30/88
4
oceanographic wire near vertical. Oxygen samples were analysed using the Winkler method (Major and others, 1972). Salinity samples were analysed for conductivity ratio using an Autolab Inductive Salinometer Mk Ill model. Derived quantities such as salinity and sound-speed were calculated using the algorithms shown in Table 2. Reversing thermometer temperatures were calibrated and pressure corrected using desktop computer programs (Hamilton, 1982b) which are corrected versions of May (1969). Dynamic heights and geostrophic currents were calculated using computer programs also in Hamilton (1982b), which are corrected and updated versions of May (1969).
TABLE 2. REFERENCES 1"0 ALGORITHMS USED TO PROCESS NANSEN S ATIOP DATA (DSRT = Deep Sea Reversing Thermometer) Calculation DSRT Temperature Correction
Reference SVERDRUP (1947)
DSRT Reversal Depth
WUST (1933)
Conductivity to Salinity
LEWIS (1980)
Depth to pressure
SAUNDERS (1981)
Density
-
One Atmosphere
MILLERO and POISSON (1981)
-
High Pressure
MILLERO, CHEN, BRADSHAW and SCHLEICHER (1980)
Potential Temperature,
BRYDEN (1973)
Sound Speed
WILSON (1960)
Data were verified and checked for consistency by standard methods: (a)- Curves of differences between DSRT thermometric depths (Z) and wire out (L) were made (the L-Z curves). (b) Discrepancies in temperatures and depths were resolved-by examining-the DSRT history and by examining data profiles, temperature-salinity (T-S) curves, and derived parameters such as-density (sigma-t) and-anomaly of specific volume. (c) Cruises RANRL 1/87 and MSD 2/87 used Nansen bottles strung on CTD (Conductivity Temperiture Depth profiler) wire, so that CTD data could often be used to resolve doubtful values.
1
5
WSRL-TM-30/88
(d) In some cases T-S polynomials could be constructed for parts of the water column to fill in data sets where eg the salinity sample was lost, but the depth and temperature data were good. These values re not included in the tables, EXCEPT FOR CRUISE MSD 2/87 (where they ar ,,arked accordingly), but are shown before the Nansen data listings proper. The T-S polynomials are also given in notes before the listings. In the tables OBS stands for observed values, and ISL for interpolated values. The interpolation scheme is a simple 3-point Lagrangian, with linear interpolation used when the Lagrangian interpolation falls out ide the range of the observed values in the depth interval. This scheme is fairly robust, but does occasionally throw up skewed values. Dynamic heights are computed using linear interpolation and trapezoidal integrations between observed values.
THE DATA Nansen data listings and plots for the thirteen cruises are given on following pages, in the order shown in Table 1. Notes are given before the listings for each cruise on data processing problems, doubtful data, and references to publications arising from the cruise, which ar. not necessarily concerned with the Nansen data. Positions for southwest Pacific Nansen stations listed in this memo are shown on the map below. Positions for all other stations, which were occupied in the southeast Indian Ocean, are shown on page 23. Local maps are also given for major surveys.
WSRL-TM-30/88
6
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WSRL-TM-3( '88
Cruise RANRL 15/82 Notes for cruise RANRL 15/82 All depths for station 2 are from wire angle only. (Three Nansen bottles were lost when the bottom shoaled quickly, and no unprotected thermometer data were obtained.) The Nansen station data are listed overleaf on page 8, and the station positions are shown plotted on page 98, with station positions for other surveys. Additional data for cruise RANRL 15/82 Mulhearn, P.J. (1986) "Studies of the East Australian Current off Northern New South Wales". RANRL Technical Note No. 6/86. Note: Nansen station data taken during a cruise in May 1983 also discussed in the document are not included in the pres,:nt compilation because temperature values-are not sufficiently accurate.
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Cruise RANRL 30/82 Notes for cruise RANRL 30/82 The stations were made as a top cast (nominally to 300 m), and a deeper :..t to 1500 m. The depths of the top cast for stations 1, 3, 7, 9 are computed from wire angle, and the mixed layer depth (MLD) given by expendable bathy-thermograph (XBT) temperature profiles. Station 7 has one depth (185 m) positively given for a sample bottle fitted with two unprotected reversing thermometers. The other top cast depths for station 7 are uncertain because of winch operator error and thermometer malfunction. These points are not used to calculate derived quantities. Tnis is unfortunate as the station showed a large temperature inversion in XBT traces. Station 3 has one depth from an unprotected thermometer which was erratic at the start of the cruise.
Station
XBT #
1
Wire angle (degrees) 15
3
55,56
MLD (m) from XBT 85,84
Cast depths determined to: 291
30
64
851
260
7
25
106
80
77
9
30
115
36 **
130
For station 3, the unprotected DSRT depth and depth computed from wire angle were within 12 m at 200 m, and 18 m at 300 m. ** For station 9, the data at 130 m is doubtful.
Nansen data in the m'uxed layer are assumed to be good values and are included in the tables. Other top cast values for these stations showing depth correspondence with co-incident XBT are also assumed to be good data and are included in the listings. They can be determined from the above table. Additional data are available for some depths not in the tables eg temperature-depth values where the salinity sample was lost, or temperature-salinity data where the depth is not positively known. These values were used in the overplot of T-S curves and the scatter plot of T-S values shown on page 13.
WSRL-TM-30/88
10
Additional Nansen data for RANRL 30/82 Depth (i)
T
S
Between 77 and 185
14.38
35.39
11.95
34.84
11.43
35.04
11.40
X
Between 210 and 287 198
Station 7
Station 15
Other sources of datafor cruise RANRL 30/82
Hamilton, L.J. (1982) "Cruise Leader's Report for HMAS Kimbla Cruise, RANRL 30/82 (15 April to 6 May 1983)". (Unpublished document) Gives temperature cross-sections for Sydney to Hobart, and Hobart to 470S, 151 0 30'E with brief discussion Hamilton, L.J. (1983) "Comparisons of Sea-Surfarce Temperature Obtained From Ship and Satellite Data". RANRL Tech. Memo. (Ext) No. 8/83 Compares SST from HMAS Kimbla XBT with GMS and NOAA satellite derived values. Diagrams of SST versus cumulat;ve ship distance travelled foi the Kin'ola cruises are available from the author, but not included in the report. Jeifrey, M.Z. (1984) "Analyses and Report of Oceanographic Data From HMAS Kimbla Cruises 30/82, 24/83 to South Tasman Sea". Ocean Sciences Institute Report No.7. The University of Sydney Contains tables of the Nansen station data with temperature and salinity cross-sections, T-S curves, geostrophic current profiles, and data analysis. (Cruise RANRL 24/83 is a follow up cruise in the same area). Note: Several erroneous data values are included in the tables - this affects some derived data and cross-sections. The data in the present report has been reworked. Jeffrey, M.Z. (1986) "Climatological Features of the Subtropical Convergence in Australian and New Zealand waters".
O^Cear,'n
cc Inrstitute c p Tlhc fI-n.-.s."' o yn y.As Uses the data for cruises RANRL 30/82 and RANRL 24/83 with historical data to examine the Subtropical Convergence.
11
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Cruise RANRL 24/83 Notes for cruise RANRL 24/83 Jeffrey (1984) gives data listings for the 6 stations taken on this cruise. See 'Other sources of data for cruise RANRL 30/82' on page 10. The data has been reworked for the listings in the present document, leading to a revision of some data given by Jeffrey. Additional Nansen data for cruise RANRL 24/83 Depth (in)
T
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Station 1 Station 4 Station 4 Pretrip values of unknown quantity
The bottle shown as being 17 m for station 4 actually lies somewhere between 12 and 22 m (17 + 5). Since the Nansen data and XBT # 31 (1700Z) show it to be in a mixed layer, it is assumed to be a good value. Jeffrey (1984) experienced difficulty in oia:aining consistent conductivity readings for some samples, and this is reflected as minor salinity irregularities in the tables (at the surface for station5 5 and 6). The surface values at stations 5 and 6 were artificially adjusted, but deeper suspect values are not included in the present report. Contamination of samples by salps appeared to be the cause. Other sources of data for cruiseRANRL 24183 Hamilton, L.J. and Schneider, P. (1984) "Cruise Leaders Report for RANRL Cruise 24/83 18 February to 5 March 1984 on HMAS Kimbla". (Unpublished document). A narrative of ,heactual cruise. Also see other sources of data for cruise RANRL 30/82.
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Cruise MSD 2/87 Notes for cruiseMSD 2/87 As for cruise RANRL 1/87, the Nansen bottles were strung on the CTD wire, with similar results ie many bottles pre-tripped. A T-S polynomial was constructed from the good data sets for the range 2.5 to 19.50C of the form:
S = a + bT + cTA2 + dT3 = eT4 + fTA5 + gTA6
where
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b = -0.2574205 * 0.001
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d = 0.109749
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f = 0.30272*0A-4
g
=
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Standard error of estimate of 0.019 PSU. Additional Nansen datafor cruise MSD 2/87 For this cruise the incomplete data sets filled in by using T-S polynomial and CTD data ARE included in the tables, and are marked with closed circles to show their origin. These values are included to obtain more useful plots and dedived data.
WSRL-TM-30/88
112
Other sources of datafor cruise MSD 2/87 Lawrence, M.W. (1987) "Maritime Systems Division MSD Cruise Report 2/87. Study of acoustic bottom interaction using ADOBE equipment, vnd, study of Tasman Front and East Australian Current". (Unpublished document). A narrative of the actual cruise Mulhearn, P.J., Hamilton, L.J., and Scott, B.D. (1989) "Deep structure of the East Australian Current and Tasman Front". WSRL Tech. Memo. 7/89
113
THIS ISA BLANK PAGE
WSRL-TM-30/88
114
WSRL-TM-30/88
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Figure 26. Nansen station positions for survey MSD 2/87
WSRL-TM-30/88
115
STATION: 1-19 T-S CURVE 33 34 35
CRUISE: 2/87 36 37 3
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STATION: 1-19
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CRUISE: 2/87
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Figure 27. Tempera tu re-salinity curves and scatter plot for cruise MSD 2/87
373
116
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Winch operations and station keeping were controlled by naval staff. Data processing programmes used are versions corrected and updated by the author from programs written by R.L. May (1969). All oxygen determ'nations were made by Mr Barry Scott.
REFERENCES Also see the notes on each cruise preceding the Nansen data listings and profiles for references to other sources of data for the cruise. No. 1
Author Bryden, H.L.
Title "New Polynomials for Thermal Expansion, Adiabatic Temperature Gradient and Potential Temperature of Sea Water". Deep-sea Res., 20, pp.401-408, 1973
2
Hamilton, L.J.
"RANRL Oceanographic Station Procedure". RANRL Technical memorandum (Internal) No.14/81. (Unpublished document, based on Publication No.607), 1982a
3
Hamilton, L.J.
"RANRL Oceanographic Station Computing Programs for Desktop Computer Usage (U)". RANRL Technical memorandum (Internal) No.9/82. Unpublished document. (Based on May, 1969), 1982b
4
Lewis, E.L.
"The Practical Salinity Scale and Its Antecedents". IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, Vol.OE-5, No.1, January 1980
5
Major, G.A., Dal Pont, G., Klye, J. and
"Laboratory Techniques in Marine Chemistry; A Manual". CSIRO Aust. Div. Fish. Oceanogr. Rep. 51, 1972
Newell, B.
WSRL-TM-30/88
127
6
May, R.L.
"Hydrographic Data Prccessing". Computing Programs No.12, Horace Lamb Centre for Oceanographical Research. Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, 1969 S(These programs contain errors)
7
Millero, J.M. and Poisson, A.
"International One-atmosphere Equation of Sea-water". Deep-Sea Research. Vol. 28 A No.6, pp.625-629, 1981 (Errata - Deep-Sea Research (1982) Vol.29, No.2A, pp.284)
8
Millero, J.M. Chen, C., Bradshaw, A., Schleicher, K.
"ANew High Pressure Equation of State for Sea-water". Deep-Sea Research, Vol.27A, pp 255-264, 1980
9
-Publication
No.607, third edition 1968. Instruction Manual For Obtaining Oceanographic Data. United States Naval Oceanographic Office, Washington DC, 20390
10
Rochford, D.J.
"Seasonal Variations in the Indian Ocean along 110 0 E, I: Hydrological Structure of the Upper 500 m". Australian Journal of marine aad Freshwater Research, 20, pp.1-50, 1969
11
Saunders, P.M.
"Practical Conversion of Pressure to Depth". Journal of Physical Oceanography, Vol.11, pp.573-574 , 1981
12
Sverdrup, H.U.
"Note on the Correction of Reversing Thermometers". Journal of Marine Research, Vol.6, No 2, pp.136-138, 1947
13
Wilson, W.D.
"Equation for the Speed of Sound in Sea-water". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol.32, No.10, pp.1357, 1960
14
Wust, G.
"Thermometric Measurement of Depth". Hydrog. Rev. 10(1): pp.28-49, 1933
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NANSEN STATION DATA FOR THE INDIAN AND PACIFIC OCEANS 1982 TO 1987
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DOCUMENT DATE September 1989
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L.J. Hamilton
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16 Oceanographic surveys
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Nansen station Physical oceanography
SUMMARY OR ABSTRACT (if this is security classified, the announcement of this report will be similarly classified) (U4 ,Nansen station data taken by Maritime Systems Division (Sydney), (formerly known asRANRL) or Royal Australian Navy Research Laboratory),ra-i -se'-ftted-ds-tables aftdpl-ll. - The Nanse stations were occupied in the East Indian and southwest Pacific Oceans between November 1982 and December 1987 by Royal Australian Navy oceanographic research vessels HMAS Kimbla and HMAS Cook. The data tables are also available on floppy disk. c '
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AMENDMENT TO WSRL-TM-30/88 Please amend your copy of WSRL-TM-30/88 Nansen Station Data for the Indian and Pacific Oceans 1982 to 1987 by L.J. Hamilton. S Orn page 111, delete the followi glines:
c = -. 5025273*0.01 d
=
0.109749*0.01
Paste the attached amendment over the deleted lines.
c -0.5025278*0.1
d= 0.109749*0.1/
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