ACUTE MYELOID LEUKAEMIA IN A SICKLE CELL DISEASE PATIENT: A CASE
REPORT
Induction of remission was done using the 3+7 (daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside) regimen, with the possibility of stem cell transplantation.
1Bello-‐Manga H, 2Babadoko AA, 2Hassan A, 2Mamman AI, 2Awwalu S, 2Adebayo A and 3Kana MA
Departments of Haematology and Community Medicine 1,3Kaduna State & 2Ahmadu Bello Universities, Nigeria Introduction: The coexistence of sickle cell disease (SCD) and haematologic malignancies is not a common occurrence. Improvement in management of SCD and a consequent increase in the life expectancy have increased the occurrence of haematologic and other malignancies in them. Aim: To report the coexistence of Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) and SCD in the same patient. Method: A case report of the patient’s clinical note and Medline search on relevant literature. Results: A 24-‐year-‐old male with SCD (HbSC) presented to our haematology day care centre with a history of bone pains, fever, sore throat, cough and headache. A summary of the clinical events is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Summary of Clinical Events Bone marrow aspiration films showed a predominance of large blast cells with irregular nucleus and prominent nucleoli (>20%), consistent with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (Figure 3). Further characterization could not be done.
Figure 2: Peripheral Blood Film
Figure 3: Bone Marrow Aspirate Film The patient developed symptomatic thrombocytopenia and neutropenic fever, which were refractory to platelet transfusion and antimicrobial therapy and died on the 10th day of therapy. Conclusion: Coexistence of haematologic malignancy and SCD is not uncommon. In order to enhance survival and quality of life, optimum management will require frequent monitoring of blood counts, review of peripheral smears and clinical status. References: Duru C, Pughikumo C, Adeyemi O. Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia in a Patient with Downs Syndrome and Sickle Cell Anaemia: A Case Report. Pediat Therapeut 2013; 3:4 Kim HS, Yospur L, Niihara Y. Malignancy in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease. Am. J. Hematol. 1998 ; 74: 249–253
Correspondence:Bello-‐Manga Halima.
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