Additional Costing Equations for Jointly-Operated Container Shipping ...

The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics

ƔVolume 27

Number 2

August 2011

pp. 305-330 Ɣ

Additional Costing Equations for Jointly-Operated Container Shipping Services to measure the Effects of Variations in Fuel and Vessel Hire Costs ,&KDQJ&+2: Â&KLD+XL&+$1* **

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1. Background of the Case 7KH VDPSOH &+, VHUYLFH URXWH VHUYHV VHYHQ SRUWV LQFOXGLQJ &KLQD +RQJ .RQJWKH3KLOLSSLQHVDQG,QGRQHVLDDQGLWVSRUWURWDWLRQLV4LQJGDR7$2 6KDQJKDL6+$ ±WKHQRUWKSRUWRI0DQLOD011 ±WKHVRXWKSRUWRI0DQLOD 016 -DNDUWD-.7 6XUDED\D68% UHWXUQLQJYLD±016±+.*7$2 7KHDERYHPHQWLRQHGSRUWVFDQEHFDWHJRUL]HGDFFRUGLQJWRWKHLUJHRJUDSKLFDO GHVWLQDWLRQVLQWRVRXWKDQGQRUWKERXQGLWLQHUDULHV7KHURXQGWULSUHTXLUHV GD\VDQGGHSOR\VIRXUFRQWDLQHUVKLSVZLWK7(8VRIQRPLQDOFDSDFLW\ZLWK WRQVRIGHDGZHLJKWSHUZHHNO\VHUYLFH)RULQVWDQFHRQHYHU\:HGQHVGD\ DFRQWDLQHUVKLSFDOOVDW7$2DQGGHSDUWVRQ7KXUVGD\VHH)LJXUH 7KHSRUWRI +.*LVDVVLJQHGDVDWUDQVVKLSSLQJSRUWIURPWRRWKHU6RXWKHDVW$VLDQFRXQWULHV )LJXUH!3RUWURWDWLRQDQGVFKHGXOHRIWKH&+,VHUYLFH

317


2. Computational Results 1) Alliance Patterns and Slot Distribution 7R GHFUHDVH RYHUKHDGV DQG VKDUH WKH FRVWV RI FDSLWDO HTXLSPHQW 7 /LQH FRRSHUDWHVZLWKRWKHUFDUULHUV7/LQHGHSOR\VWZRFRQWDLQHUVKLSVVKDULQJDQ LQLWLDO FDSDFLW\ RI 7(8V DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH DJUHHG QXPEHU RI FRQWULEXWHG FRQWDLQHUVKLSFDSDFLW\WRWKHDOOLDQFH7/LQHH[FKDQJHVVORWVRI7(8VZLWK& /LQHDQG$FFHVVHG0DUFK@

323

Additional Costing Equations for Jointly-Operated Container Shipping Services to measure the Effects of Variations in Fuel and Vessel Hire Costs 7DEOH!6WDWLVWLFVRI¿[HGFRVWVDQG ૟

2003

2006

Charter hire(Day)

8,000

16,000

A oil

265

500

C oil

178

318

8QLW86 Bunker price (ton)

$PRXQW 3RUWFKDUJH

5DWH

2010

૟

4,000 673 494

૟

$PRXQW

5DWH

$PRXQW

5DWH

%XQNHUFRVWV

&RQWDLQHUVKLSFRVWV

$GPLQLVWUDWLRQIHH Total

૟

391,092 ૟

700,889 ૟

૟

465,891 ૟

Average (TEU) ૟

356 ૟

637 ૟

૟

424 ૟

2. The Effects on Fixed Cost of Change to Vessel Hire Charges 7KHFKDUWHUKLUHH[SHQVHVRIDFRQWDLQHUVKLSZHUHKLJKHVWLQGUDPDWLFDOO\ GHFOLQHGIURPWKHHQGRIGXHWRDQH[FHVVRIJOREDOÀHHWFDSDFLW\DQGWKH JHQHUDOZRUOG¿QDQFLDOUHFHVVLRQVHH)LJXUH )RULQVWDQFHIRUDFRQWDLQHUVKLS ZLWK D FDSDFLW\ RI 7(8V ZLWK GD\V SHU URXQGWULS PDUNHW SULFHV ZHUHDSSUR[LPDWHO\86SHUGD\LQDQGFKDUWHUKLUHVWLOOUHWDLQHG 86GDLO\LQ7KHFKDUWHUKLUHPLQLPXPGDLO\UDWHUHDFKHG86 LQ DQG UHVXOWDQW FRQWDLQHUVKLS FRVWV ZHUH 86 SHU URXQGWULS FRQWULEXWLQJRQO\WRWKHWRWDOIL[HGFRVWVVHH7DEOH :KHQFKDUWHU KLUHUHDFKHG86FRQWDLQHUVKLSFRVWVJUHZWR86SHUURXQG WULSFRQWULEXWLQJRIWRWDO¿[HGFRVWVLQ$IWHUWKLVGDWHZKHQHDFK FKDUWHUKLUHGHFUHDVHGE\86SHUGD\FRQWDLQHUVKLSFRVWVGLPLQLVKHGE\ 86SHUURXQGWULSZLWKWKHDYHUDJHXQLWFRVWGHFOLQLQJWR86SHU 7(8VHH7DEOH

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)LJXUH!&KDUWHUKLUHWUHQGVIRUFRQWDLQHUVKLSV Additional Costing Equations for Jointly-Operated Container Shipping Services to measure the Effects of Variations in Fuel and Vessel Hire Costs

325

Additional Costing Equations for Jointly-Operated Container Shipping Services to measure the Effects of Variations in Fuel and Vessel Hire Costs 7DEOH!6HQVLWLYLW\DQDO\VLVRIFRQWDLQHUVKLSFRVWVDQGEXQNHUFRVWV Containership costs &KDUWHU+LUH 7RWDO

$YHUDJH

86'D\

86

867HX

Bunker costs 7RWDO &RLO 86 86WRQ

3ULFH $RLO 86WRQ

$YHUDJH 867HX

2YHUDOOWRWDOIL[HGFRVWVDPRXQWHGWR86LQDQGYHVVHOKLUHV ZHUHDW86FRQWULEXWLQJWRRIWKH¿[HGFRVWV IXHOSULFHRI2LO $ZDV86DQG2LO&ZDV86FRQWULEXWLQJWRRIWKHIL[HG FRVWV ,QWRWDOIL[HGFRVWVURVHWR86GXHWRYHVVHOKLUHFRVWV DQGVLPXOWDQHRXVULVLQJIXHOSULFHV+RZHYHUWKHKLJKHVWUDQJHLQULVLQJFRVWV ZDV ZKHQ WKH FKDUWHU KLUH UHDFKHG WKH SHDN SULFH DPRXQWLQJ WR 86 WKXVFRQWULEXWLQJWRRYHUDOO7RWDO¿[HGFRVWVGURSSHGWR86 KRZHYHUVHH7DEOHDQG)LJXUH )LJXUH!&RPSDULVRQRI¿[HGFRVWVDQG (USD)

800,000 700,000 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0

2003 Port charge 326

2006 Bunker costs

Containership costs

2010

(YEAR)

Administration fee


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