AN OUTLINE OF ETHNOBOTANICAL RESEARCH IN INDIA. (1).ANDHRA .... Folk medicinal plants in M.P. State and 233 flowering plans reported. (11).
AN OUTLINE OF ETHNOBOTANICAL RESEARCH IN INDIA (1).ANDHRA PRADESH (7.8%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Kaplan and Kapoor
1980
Karimnagar Dist.
2.
Singh et al.
1981
Mannaur Forest
3.
Hemadri et al.
1987
A.P. State and listed 211species.
4.
Reddy and Sudarsanam
1987
Chittor Dist.
5.
Reddy et al.
1989
Annantpur and Chittor Dist. 64 plants
6.
Chetty and Rao
1989
Sarakallu and Adjecent areas of Chittor Dist.
7.
Aruneekumar et al.
1990-91
Kakinada Dist. And listed 188 spp.
8.
Hemadri
1990-91
Karimnagar, Warangal & Kakulam Dist.
9.
Nagaraju and Rao
1990
A.P. State and listed 131 Speies.
10.
Vedavathy et al.
1991
Rayalseema and Listed 25 Species
1
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(2). ARUNACHAL PRADESH (69.8%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Hajra
1977
Kameng Dist.
2.
Tiwari et al.
1978
Tirap Dist.
3.
Mudgal and Jain
1980
Mishmees tribes
4.
Dam and Hajra
1981
Monpas tribes of Kameng Dist.
5.
Singh and Anand
1983
Subansiri Dist. And listed 14 plant species
6.
Pal
1984
Subansiri Dist. And listed 129 plant species
7.
Nath and Bordoloi
1989
Tirap Dist. And noted 50 plant species
8.
Gangwar and Ramakrishnan
1990
Nishis, Hill Miris, Sulungs and Apatanis of Subansiri Dist.
2
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(3). ASSAM Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Guha
1939
Assam State
2.
Paul
1956
Assam State
3.
Das and Sharma
1958-59
Mikirs tribes
4.
Bortakur
1976
Mikirs tribes and 43 plant species reported
5.
Bhattacharjee and Nair
1978
Assam and Meghalaya State
6.
Tiwari et al.
1980
Assam state
7.
Hajra and Baishya
1980
Miris tribe
8.
Bhattacharjee et al.
1980
Kamrup Dist.
9.
Boissya and Majumdar
1980
Brahmaputra valley
10.
Jain and Borthakur
1980
Mikirs tribes.
11.
Borthakur
1981
Karbis Hill tribes and reported 350 plants
12.
Hajra and Baishya
1980
Miris tribes.
13.
Borthkur
1981
Karbis (Mikirs) tribes
14.
Puri
1987
Texpur Dist. And reported 171 Medicinal plants
15.
Mahanta and Gogi
1988
Sonitpur Dist. Mentioned 72 species.
3
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(4).BIHAR (8.3%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Bodding
1898, 1925 & 1927
Santals tribes
2.
Roy
1915
Oraon tribes of Chotanagpur Dist.
3.
Mitra
1920
North Bihar
4.
Vidyarthi
1963
Hill tribes of Bihar
5.
Jain and Tarafder
1970
Santhal tribes
6.
Upadhyaya
1970
North Bihar
7.
Pal
1972
Megido-religious plants of Bihar
8.
Pal and Srivastava
1976
Singhbhum Dist.
9.
Tarafder
1978
Vitex negundo as Insect repellent
10.
Sharma and Sinha
1980
Ranchi Dist.
11.
Sriwastawa and Verma
1981
Santhal Pargana and reported 110 spp.
12.
Tarafder and Raichaudhuri
1981
Hazaribagh Dist.and reported 50 plants
4
Binu, S. et al. 1992
Conti.
5
Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
13.
Gupta
1981 a, b.
Mundas tribe of Chotanagpur and Asurs of Netarhat Dist.
14.
Tarafder
1983 a,b,c; 1984 a, b.
Ethnogynaecology of tribals in Bihar State.
15.
Tarafder
1983, 1984
Ranchi and Hazirabagh Dist.
16.
Goel et al.
1984
55 Tribal localities in Santhal Pargana.
17.
Goel et el.
1987
Birth control in Santhal Parganas.
18.
Singh
1987
Curing animal Diseases in Chotanagpur Dist.
19.
Chandra et al.
1989
Rajgiri Dist.
20.
Jain
1989
Saranda Forest
21.
Jha et al.
1989
Madhubani Dist.
22.
Prasad et al.
1990
Tharu tribes Champaran North Bihar
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(5). GUJARAT (14.2%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Nath
1960
Bhills in Ratanmahal
2.
Shah
1964
Tribal of Gujarat State
3.
Bedi
1978
Ratan Mahal Hills
4.
Shah et al.
1981
Saurashtra Region and noted 133 plant species
5.
Joshi and Audichya
1981
Rajpipla Forest
6.
Shah and Gopal
1982
Ethnobotanical profiles of Dangies 145 species recorded
7.
Shah and Gopal
1985
Bhills, Gharasias, Dublas tribe in North Gujarat
8.
Shah and Gopal
1986
Folklore medicine
9.
Bhatt and Sabnis
1987
Khedbrahma region and 41 mentioned 41 species
10.
Joshi
1988
Reported 139 medicinal species in Gujarat State
11.
Kiran Dabas et el.
1990
Tribals in Dangs.
6
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(6.)HARYANA Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Jain
1984
Haryana State. Morni and Kabser Hills in Ambala Dist. Reported 40 plant species.
2.
Lal and Yadav
1983
Kurukshetra Dist. Reoorted 69 species and 66 Prescriptions.
(7). HIMACHAL PRADESH (4.6%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Gupta
1964
Chamba Forets Division
2.
Uniyal and Chauhan
1971
Uhal Valley in Kangra Forest Division
3.
Chauhan and Chauhan
1988
Transgiri region of Sirmour Dist.
4.
Kapahi
1990
Lahaul Dist.
7
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(8). JAMMU & KASHMIR Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Raghunathan
1976 a.
Ladakh
2.
Srivastava et al.
1980
Kailash area
3.
Pathak and Karnik
1980
Sudh- Mahadeo region
4.
Gupta et al.
1980,1981
Phytochemical screening in Ladakh
5.
Gupta
1981
Jammu & Kashmir state
6.
Atal and Kapur
1982
Imp. Medicinal plant in Jammu & Kashmir state
7.
Dar et al.
1984
Kashmir- Sind Valley and Reported 57 species
8.
Virjee et al.
1984
Rajouri Dist. Noted 36 Medicinal plants
9.
Issar
1988
Ladakh region
10.
Singh and Sharma
1989
North West and Trans Himalaya
11.
Kumar and Nakshi
1990
Pirpanjal range of Banihal and Reported 52 plants
12.
Bhattacharya
1991
Ladakh region and Reported 57 species
13.
Kapur
1991
Dudu Valley and Reported 71 species
14.
Sharma
1991
Different Ethnic groups i.e. Phaaris, Gujjars, Bakarwals, Dards and Ladakhis.
8
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(9). KARNATAKA (4.9%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Nayak
1965
Karnataka State
2.
Rao
1977, 1978
Medicobotany of Myssore
3.
Yoganarasimhan et al.
1982
Medicobotany of Thumkur Dist.
4.
Pushpalata et al.
1990
Banglore Dist. And enumerated 40 wild Medicinal Plants.
(10). KERALA (1%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Pisharoti
1935
Kerala State
2.
Gnanambal
1952
Kerala State
3.
Mukherjee
1953
Kerala State
4.
Manilal
1981
Malabar region and Recorded 26 varities of Rice
5.
Manilal
1981
North Kerala (Hallucinogic Mashroom)
6.
Ramachandran and Nair
1981
Cannanore Dist. And Mentioned 93 species.
7.
Nagendra Prasad & Abraham
1984
Nayadis tribe of North Kerala
8.
Pushpangandan & Atal
1984
Western Ghat Kerala and Reported 79 species
9.
Pushpangandan & Atal
1986
Different Tribals in Kerala State
10.
Pushpangandan et al.
1988
Trichopus zeylanicus
11.
Pushpangandan et al.
1990
Jankia arayalpatra
12. 9
Rajsekharan et al.
1989
Aristolochia indica & Aristolochia tagala for Kani tribes of Agastyar Hills.
(11). MADHYA PRADESH (23%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Roy et al.
1956
Baigas and Gonds Tribes of M.P. State
2.
Jain
1963
M.P. State and recorded 50 wild plants
3.
Jain
1965 a
Musical instruments of Gonds
4.
Jain
1965 b
Bastar Dist.
5.
Jain
1965 c
M.P. State
6.
Parmar
1978
Musical instruments in M.P. State
7.
Patel
1978
Gonds of Sagar Dist.
8.
Singh et al.
1980
Ujjain Dist.
9.
Bhalla et al.
1982
Discussed 98 medicinal plants
10.
Sahu
1982
Various disorder in woman tribal in M.P. State
11.
Mishra and Sahu
1984
Ethnomedicine planta in M.P. State
12.
Brijalal et al.
1985
Ethnobotanical uses of Lichen among Tribals.
13.
Rai
1987 a, b
16 species for Rheumatism and 22 species for tonic used by Gond and Bharia tribe
14.
Saxena
1988
88 species for Folk uses
15.
Oommachan and Masih
1989
Important medicinal plants recorded from Jabalpur Dist.
16
Shah and Singh
1990
Phytochemical uses of 24 plants
17.
Oommachan et al.
1990
61 Plants species from Pachmarhi
18.
Pandey et al.
1991
Folk medicine of Baiga tribes in Mandla Dist. And 25 species Mentioned
10 19.
Oommachan
1991
Folk medicinal plants in M.P. State and 233 flowering plans reported.
(12). MAHARASHTRA (9.2%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Vartak and Gadgil
1981
Sacred groves in Maharashtra state
2.
Vartak
1959
Medicinal plants from Hilly region of Pune and satara Dist.
3.
Janardhanan
1963
Enumarated 65 species of Medicinal plants from Khed taluka.
4.
Malhotra and Mishara
1973
126 Medicinal plants from Chandrapur Dist.
5.
Vartak and Rekha
1975
Wild edible plants in Karnal Bird Sanctuary
6.
Kamble and Pradhan
1980
Ethnobotany of Korkus tribe of Akola Dist. And gave 13 species used by them.
7.
Vartak
1981
120 wild edible plants from Hilly region of Maharashtra and Goa
8.
Anandkumar, Kulkarni & Singh
1981
Medicinal and Economic plants from Pune
9.
Vartak and Mandavgane
1981
Medicinal plants from Karnala area of kolaba Dist.
10.
Gunjatkar and vartak
1982
Wild edible legumes of Pune Dist. 33 species recorded
11.
Vartak
1982
Ethnobotany of Maharashtra and Goa
12.
Shah et al.
1983
114 wild medicinal plants mentioned from Dahanu Forest Division
13.
Sharma and Malhotra
1984
Medicinal plants and its uses of 52 species
14.
Ved Prakash and Mehrotra
1987
Ethnobotanical uses 20 species of Khandala region
15.
Kumbhojkar and Vartak
1988
Sacred Groves of Western Maharashtra
16.
Yadav and Bhamare
1989
Ethnomedico-botany of Dhuke Forests and mentioned 46 species
17.
Sadhale et al.
1991
Sacred Goves at Ajiwali, Pune Dist. and reported 43 plant drugs
11
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(13). MANIPUR(27%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Singh and Singh
1985
Wild Edible Plants sold in Marekt
2.
Elangbam et al.
1989
Recorded 36 medicinal plants by Tangkul Naga tribe of Ukhrul Dist.
3.
Sinha
1987
Botanical uses of 931 medicinal plants for 28 Diseases
(14). MEGHALAYA ( 80.6%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Arora
1973
Adlay crop (Coix) in Meghalaya state
2.
Jain et al.
1977
Wild edible plants sold in market in Meghalaya
3.
Joseph and Kharkongor
1980
100 species ethnobotnically used by Khasi and Jaintia tribes
4.
Kumar et al.
1980
54 medicinal plants among Garo people around Balphakrah Sanctuary
5.
Rao and Neogi
1980
Ethnobotany of Garo and Khasi tribes in Meghalaya state
6.
Rao and Shanpru
1981
Reported different uses of plants species.
7.
Rao
1981
Ethnobotany of Garo and Khasi tribes and uses of 31 species.
8.
Yogendrakumar et al.
1987
Ethnobotany of State and reported 74 species used by jaintia tribes around Sohkha village.
9.
Neogi et al.
1989
65 weed species used by Khasi, Garo & Jaintia tribes in Meghalaya
10.
Rao
1989
30 herbal medicine species used by Garo tribes in Meghalaya.
12
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(15). NAGALAND (84%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Rao and Jamir
1982
Ethnobotany of state and recorded 54 species used by Nagas
2.
Megoneisto and Rao
1983
Ethnobotany of state and recorded 62 Medicinal species used by Angami subtribe of Nagas in Kohima Dist
3.
Jamir and Rao
1990
50 Medicinal species used by Naga’s subtribe- Zealeng
4.
Jamir
1990
54 Medicinal species used by Nagas
5.
Rao and Jamir
1990
Ethnobotany of AO and Angami subtribe in Nagaland
(16). PUNJAB Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Bhatnagar and Lall
1965
Tree symbol worship in Punjab
2.
Kakar
1973
Primitive Folks and Modern medicines
3.
Koelz
1979
Ethnobotany of Lahul
4.
Lal and Lata
1980
Plants used by Bhat community for regulating fertility.
13
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(17). ORISSA (22.4%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Bhattacharya
1955
Plant remedies by Hill Sora(sawra) of Orissa
2.
Bebrta
1959
Concept of diseases and therapeutic prctices among Hill Saroes.
3.
Panigrahi
1963
Botanical survey of Gandhamardan Parbat
4.
Jain
1971
Megico-religious beliefs amomg tribals of Orissa state
5.
Rai Chaudhari et al.
1975
Ethnobotanical uses of 38 species from Orissa state
6.
Saxena and Dutta
1975
81 plant species used by rural folk
7.
Mudgal and Pal
1980
Medicinal plants used by tribals in Mayurbhanj
8.
Pal
1980
Explored folklore details of plants used in Veterinary medicine
9.
Saxena et al.
1981
Ethnobotany of 83 plants species
10.
Tribedi et al.
1982
Medicinal plants in Mayurbhanj
11.
Paul and Mudgal
1985
unreported medicinal uses of 22 plants used by Koraput tribals
12.
Sharma et al.
1986
Reported 72 plants for Gastro-intestinal disorder
13.
Das and Misra
1987
35 Medicinal plants used by tribals of Deomali and Adjcent areas in Koraput
14.
Das and Kant
1988
Ethnobotanical survey in Korapur Dist.
15.
Das and Misra
1988
Ethnobotanical informartion of Plant species
16.
Saxena et al.
1981
Ethnobotany of Similipahar forests of Mayurbhanj Dist.
17.
Brahamam and saxena
1990
Ethnobotany of Gandhamardan Hills amd reported 200 spp.
14 18.
Mukherjee and Namhata
1990
Medicinal plantlore in Sundargarh Dist.
(18). RAJASTHAN (12.2%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Carstairs
1955
Medicine and Faith in Rural areas in Rajasthan
2.
Bhandari
1974
Famine foods in Rajasthan Desert
3.
Dixit and Mishra
1976
Medicinal plants of Ajmer forest division
4.
Billore and Bhatt
1978
Ethnobotanical lores of Ajmer area
5.
Singh and Pandey
1980
123 species in Medicinal plantlore in Eastern Rajasthan
6.
Joshi
1982
Preliminary ethnobotannical survey of the Bhills and 34 species Medicinal values
7.
Singh and Pandey
1982
42 species used in tribal’s Social life
8.
Sebastain and Bhandari
1984
Medico-ethobotany of Mount Abu
9.
Sebastine
1984
Plants used as Medicine by Different Tribals in Rajasthan
10.
Joshi
1985
Plants used by Tribals for weather indicators in Southern Rajasthan
11.
Sharma and Vyas
1989
Ethnobotany of 16 species reference to tribes in Rajasthan
12.
Sebastine and Bhandari
1988
Medicinal plantlore of Udaipur Dist. Recorded 73 species
13.
Joshi
1989
62 Medicinal plants for Herbal drug in Rajasthan
14.
Joshi
1991
19 species used in Guinea disease in Southarn Rajasthan
15.
Sharma
1990
Ethnometeorology of 10 species from Rajasthan
16.
Sharma
1991
Solanum surettense used in Hernia disease.
15
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(19). TAMIL NADU (1.1%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Raghunathan
1976 b
Medicinal flora in Nilgiri region of tribal pockets
2.
Ramachandraa and Nair
1981
Ethnobotany of 138 species in Tamil Nadu
3.
Janki Ammal and Nagendra Prasad
1984
Ethnoboyany of Costus specious reference to Kannikkars tribes in Tamil Nadu
4.
Anandan and Veluchamy
1986
Folk medicine claim from North Arcot Dist
5.
Chelladuri
1987
Folk Medicinal value of Dolicus falcatus among Adivasis
6.
Laxmanan and Narayanan
1988
Folklore Medicine at Dhoomanoor and Chempakarari areas of Anaikatty Hills in coimbtore
7.
Vishwanathan
1989
Ethnobotany of Malayalis in Yelagiri hills of North Arcot Dist.
8.
Lakhamanan and Sankara Narayanan
1990
35 medicinal plants used as a Antifertility in Anaikatty hills
16
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(20). UTTAR PRADESH (0.23%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
De
1962
Folklore medicinal plants of Bhagirathi valley
2.
Nayar
1964
Medicinal plants of commercial in Uttar Pradesh
3.
Arya
1965
Plantlore of Western Uttar Pradesh
4.
Shaw and Joshi
1971
Ethnobotny of Kumaon region
5.
Shah
1975
Botanical drugs in Hills Dist.
6.
Mathela et al.
1979
Medicinal flora of Pitorgarh Dist
7.
Maheshwari et al.
1981
Ethnobotany of tharus tribes of Kheri Dist.
8.
Saxena and Vyas
1981
20 Species used by tribals of Banda Dist
9.
They
1983
60 medicinal plants of Dahan Valley
10.
Singh and Maheshwari
1983
Traditional Phytotherapy of Varanasi Dist. And 53 species recorded.
11.
Gaur and Semwal
1983
Wild Edible fruits from Garhwal
12.
Maheshwari and Singh
1984
Ethnobotany of Boxa tribe of Binjor and Puri in Garhwal Dist.
13.
Singh et al.
1985
Helicteres isora species for Tharus tribes in Kheri Dist.
14.
Singh and Maheshwari
1985
Forest life and Economy of Tribals of Varanasi Dist. And recorded 77 wild plants.
15.
Singh et al.
1987
Ethnomedicinal plants of Terai in Gorakhpur Dist. 34 species recorded.
16.
Pandey and Pangtey
1987
Described ferns from Kumaun Himalaya
17 17.
Rawat and Pangtey
1987
Ethnobotanical value from Alpine region of Kumaun.
Conti. Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
18.
Maheshwari and Singh
1988
60 Medicinal plants for Herbal remedies in Allahabad Dist.
19.
Balodi
1988
Ethnobotany of Gori valley in Uttar Pradesh 12 plants noted
20.
Siddiqui et al.
1989
50 species of Pteridophytes and Angiosperms in skin diseases
21.
Harish Singh
1989
Urtica diocia used by Bhotias Chamoli-Garhwal.
22.
Mishra et al.
1989
Mediinal plants among Tharus tribes in Bahraich Dist.
23.
Singh and Dakre
1989
Medicinal Plants from Mathura Dist.
24.
Singh et al.
1989
Rural folk of Manipuri fosrests
25.
Singh and Maheshwari
1989
40 plants used for traditional herbal remedies by Tharus tribes of Bahraich Dist.
26.
Saxena and Tripathi
1989, 1990
Ethobotany of Bundelkhand Dist. 42 medicinal plants and 35 herbs reported.
27.
Harish Singh et al.
1990
Ethnobotanical importance of Gymnosperms in garhwal Himalaya
28.
Jain and Puri
1990
50 species used in Jaunsar-Bawar area of Uttar Pradesh
29.
Paliwal and Badoni
1990
Ethnobotany of Hill tribes of Uttarkashi and 170 spp. uses
30.
Singh and Maheshwari
1990
Botanical wealth of life and Economy of Tharus tribes of Nainital Dist. 200 species for their use.
18
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(21). WEST BENGAL (5.6%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Ray
1922
Tree cult in Midanpur and Dinajpur Dist.
2.
Majumdar and Mitra
1925
Tree cult in Midanpur and Dinajpur Dist
3.
Bhattacharya
1950
Etnhogeographiacal significance in West Bengal
4.
Sanyal
1955
Toto tribs , Sub- Himalayan tribe
5.
Karan
1956
Tusu rituals and songs of extremes in West Bengal
6.
Mukherjee
1962
Santals tribes of West Bengal
7.
Jain and De
1964
Plants used as Foods in Purulia.
8.
De
1965
Plnts used as Fibres in Purulia
9.
Jain and De
1966
210 plants etnobotanically used by Tribals
10.
Pal
1970
Plants associated in Durga Pooja Ceremony.
11.
Gupta and Benerjee
1972
Plants used as Antifungal in West Bengal
12.
Chattopadhyay and Maji
1975
Medicinal trees of Bankura Dist.
13.
Cahaudhari and Pal
1975
Magico-religious plants among Lodhas of Midanpur Dist.
14.
Chaudhari Rai and Tribedi 1976
19
39 Medicinal plants used by tribal in 24 Paragans
Conti. Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
15.
Dixit et al.
1978
Ferns edible and Mrdicinal value usedby tribals of Darjeeling.
16.
Dasgupta and Sarkar
1979
Ritual value of Paddy (Oryza sativa)
17.
Rai Chaudhari et al.
1982
Plants used in traditional medicine tribals of Jalpaiguri Dist.
18.
Das et al.
1983
84 species of Angiosperms from Totapora in Jalpaiguri Dsit.
19.
Mulla and Roy
1985
Medicinal plants used by Rabba tribals in various Diseases in Jalpaiguri
20.
Ghosh
1986
Ethnoboatnical survey in Cooch-Behar Dist.
21.
Mukherjee
1989
Herbal medicine in Bankura Dist.
22.
Pal and Jain
1989
40 species used in ehrbal remedies by Lodh tribes of Midanpur Dist.
23.
Sur et al.
1990
Ethnobotany fo West Malda in Dinajpur Dist., 59 species recorded for variuos diseases
24.
Thothatri et al.
1990
Ethnobotany of oil yielding plants in West Bengal
20
Binu,S. et al. 1992
(22). UNION TERRITORY (11.9%) Sr. No.
Author
Year
Remarks
1.
Thothathri
1966
Tonyoge plant (Orophea katchallica) used by Onges while Honey collection from forests
2.
Sangal
1971
Forest food of tribal population in Andaman and Nicobar Islands
3.
Bhargava
1981
Plants in folklore of Andaman and Nicobar .
4.
Bhargava
1983
Ethnobotany of Onges and reported 40 plants
5.
Dagar
1986
Plants used by Nicobarese for the Canoe and also mentonedTaboos and Totems
6.
Dagar and Dagar
1987
Ethnobotanical importance of 8 Gymnosperms species in A&N.
7.
Chakrabarty and Rao
1988
Ethnootany of shompens of great Nicobar and 79 species recorded used by Shompens
8.
Dagar
1989 a
Ethnobotany of Nicobarese and 10 Pteridophyte used by them.
9.
Dagar
1989 b
Folk medicine of Niobarese of Car Nicobar and 73 sepcies for therapuetic applications
11.
Dagar and Chagthai
1989
Tricosanthes bracteta usedny Nicobarese for Veterinary medicine
12.
Awasthy
1991 a
39 Poisonous plants from A & N used as Medicine
13.
Awasthy
1991 b
Ethnobotany of Negritos of Andaman & Nicobar and 89 species reported
14.
Dagar and Dagar
1991
Folk medicine of Nicobarese of Katchal and listed 65 species used as Therapuetic application
21
Binu,S. et al. 1992
OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE PUBLISHED IN ETHNOBOTANY IN INDIA
TABLE. 11. METHODOLOGY Sr. No.
22
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
SchulteS, R. E
1962
2.
Jain, S. K.
1964 b & 1967
3.
Raghavaiah, V.
1956
Jain, S. K. 1995
TABLE. 12. LARGE OR SMALL GEOGRAPHICAL AREA
23
Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
Bal, S. N.
1942
2.
Jain, S. K.
1963 a, b
3.
Shah, N. C. & Joshi, M. C.
1971
4.
Banerajee, D. K.
1974
5.
Bedi, S. J.
1978
6.
Bennet, S. S. R.
1978
7.
Koelz, W. N.
1978
8.
Boissya, C. K. & Majumdar, R.
1980
9.
Shah et al.
1981
10.
Issar, R. K.
1981
11.
Srivastava , D. K. & Verma, S. K.
1981
12.
Goel et al.
1984
13.
Dar et al.
1984 Jain, S. K. 1995
TABLE. 13. SELECTED TRIBES
24
Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
Bodding, P. O.
1925,1927 & 1940
2.
Hajra, P. K. and Baishya, A. K.
1980
3.
Kamble, S. Y. and Pradhan, S. G.
1980
4.
Jain, S. K. and Borthakur, S. K.
1980
Jain, S. K. 1995
TABLE. 14. INDIVIDUAL PLANTS AND PLANT GROUPS
25
Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
Hassan, I.
1967
2.
Neher, R. T.
1968
3.
Mishra, R. and Dixit, R. T.
1973
4.
Jain, S. K. and Banerjee, D. K.
1974
5.
Shah, N. C. and Kapoor, L. D.
1977
6.
Mudgal, V. and Jain, S. K.
1980
7.
Raju, D. C. S.
1980
8.
Chandler et al.
1982
9.
Dixit, R. D.
1982
10.
Sen et al.
1983
11.
Janki Ammal, E. K. and Prasad, P.
1984
12.
Mudgal et al.
1984 Jain, S. K. 1995
TABLE. 15. WILD PLANT FOOD, DRINKS.
26
Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
King, G.
1869
2.
Behura, N. K.
1962
3.
Jain, S. K.
1964d
4.
Bhandari, M. M.
1974
5.
Pal, D. C. and Banerjee, D. K.
1971
6.
Chaudhari et al.
1977
7.
Gaur, R. D.
1977
8.
Sengupta, P. N.
1956
9.
Roy, J. K.
1978
10.
Devbarman, M .
1976 Jain, S. K. 1995
TABLE. 16. MEDICINAL PLANTS, HALLUCINOGENS, POISONOUS PLANTS, DYES
27
Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
De, A. C.
1962
2.
Jain ,S. K.
1965b
3.
Kapoor et al.
1971
4.
Rao, R. R.
1977
5.
Majumdar et al.
1978
6.
Mudgal, V. and Pal, D. C.
1980
7.
Rao, R. R.
1981
8.
Rao, R. R. and Jamir, N. S.
1982 a,b
9.
Lal, S. D. and Lata, K.
1980
10.
Tewari et al.
1982
11.
Tarafdar et al.
1983 a,b
12.
Thothathri et al.
1985
13.
Pal, D. C.
1980 Jain, S. K. 1995
TABLE. 17. DISEASE WISE
28
Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
Menon, C. K.
1919
2.
Biswas, K.
1956
3.
Das, M. B. and Sharma, T. C.
1958-59
4.
Pal, D. C.
1973
5.
Goel, A. K .and Bhattacharya, U. C.
1981
6.
Hemadri, K.
1981
7.
Saxena, A. P. and Vyas, K. N.
1981
8.
Khan, S. S. and Chagatai, S. A.
1982 Jain, S. K. 1995
TABLE. 18. SCRUTINY OF LITERATURE/ HERBARIA Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
Jain, S. K. and Tarafdar, C. R.
1970
2.
Keng, H.
1974
3.
Chaudhari et al.
1977, 1980
4.
Manilal, K .S.
1981
5.
Sensarma, P.
1982 & 1984
TABLE. 19. ARTS AND CRAFTS
29
Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
Mani, S. B.
1964
2.
Jain, S. K.
1964 a, c
3.
Jain, S. K.
1965
4.
Mehra et al.
1975
5.
Parmar, S.
1978 Jain, S. K. 1995
TABLE. 20. NOMENCLATURE AND VERNACULAR NAMES Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
Jain. S. K.
1963 c
2.
Berlin, B.
1971
3.
Manilal, K. S.
1980
TABLE. 21. CONVERSATIONAL PRCTICES
30
Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
Gadgil, M. & Vartak, V. D.
1973 & 1976
2.
Pal, D. C. & Mudgal, V.
1985
Jain, S. K. 1995
TABLE. 22. PALAEOETHNOBOTANY Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
Sithole, R. V.
1976
TABLE. 23. BIBLIOGRAPHY AND DICTIONARY
31
Sr. No.
Major Contributors with Author
Year
1.
Sengupta, S. and Parmar, S.
1967
2.
Anonymous
1984
Jain, S. K. 1995
FIG. 2. ETHNOBOTANICAL PUBLICATIONS W.R.T TO SPECIFIC MAJOR DISEASES IN PERCENTAGE
PERCENTAGE PUBLICATIONS ON DISEASE WISE ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDIES
17% 34%
Family Planning Skin Diseases Intestinal Infections
21%
Liver Disorders
28%
32
Jain, S. K. & Sumita Srivastava, 2001
FIG. 4. PERCENTAGE OF ETHNO BOTANICAL PUBLICATIONS ON SELECTED TRIBES OF INDIA (1990-2010) PERCENTAGE OF ETHNO BOTANICAL PUBLICATIONS ON SELECTED TRIBES OF INDIA (1990-2010) Khasi Mikir 5% 5% Gond 5% Sahariya Bhoxa 12% Bhil 6% 11% Irulars Naga 6% 11%
Garo 7%
33
Baiga 6%
Tharu 11% Nicobarese 7%
Santhal 8%
Jain, S. K. & Sumita Srivastava, 2001
FIG. 6. PERCENTAGE CONTRIBUTION OF INDIAN STATES IN ETHNO BOTANICAL LITERATURES PERCENTAGE CONTRIBUTION OF INDIAN STATES IN ETHNO BOTANICAL LITERATURES Kerala 4%
Tamilnadu 5% Assam 6%
U.P 15%
Maharashtra 7%
M.P 11%
J&K 8% Bengal 8%
34
Rajasthan 11% Bihar 8% Orissa 8%
Andhra Pradesh 9%
Jain, S. K. & Sumita Srivastava, 2001
FIG. 8. TOP FAMILIES WITH MAXIMUM SPECIES USED IN EVP MEDICINES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 1 TOP FAMILIES WITH MAXIMUM SPECIES USED IN EVP MEDICINES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 1 RANUNCULACEAE 5% SOLANACEAE 5%
VERBENACEAE 5%
CUCURBITACEAE 5%
FABACEAE 28%
ARACEAE 7% ASTERACEAE 11%
LAMIACEAE 7% RUBIACEAE 7%
35
POACEAE 10% EUPHORBIACEAE 10%
Jain, S. K. 2003
FIG. 9. TOP FAMILIES WITH MAXIMUM SPECIES USED IN EVP MEDICINES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 2 TOP FAMILIES WITH MAXIMUM SPECIES USED IN EVP MEDICINES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 2 POLYGONACEAE 8% ASCLEPIADACEAE 8%
APIACEAE 12%
APOCYNACEAE 12%
RUTACEAE 9% ROSACEAE 9% ACANTHACEAE 9%
MORACEAE 12% MALVACEAE 11%
ZINGIBERACEAE/SCI TAMINACEAE 10%
36
Jain, S. K. 2003
FIG. 10. LARGEST FAMILIES IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES WITH MAXIMUM SPECIES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 1 LARGEST FAMILIES IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES WITH MAXIMUM SPECIES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 1 POLYGONACEAE 4% RANUNCULACEAE 5% APIACEAE 5% ACANTHACEAE 5% ROSACEAE 6% LAMIACEAE 7% RUBIACEAE 7% POACEAE 9%
37
CUCURBITACEAE 4%
FABACEAE 23%
ASTERACEAE 15%
EUPHORBIACEAE 10%
Jain, S. K. 2003
FIG. 11. LARGEST FAMILIES IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES WITH MAXIMUM SPECIES -PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 2 LARGEST FAMILIES IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES WITH MAXIMUM SPECIES -PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 2 ZINGIBERACEAE/SCI TAMINACEAE 10% LILIACEAE 13% RUTACEAE 10% CONVOLVULACEAE 10%
MALVACEAE 12%
MORACEAE 12% ASCLEPIADACEAE 10%
SOLANACEAE 11%
38
VERBENACEAE 12%
Jain, S. K. 2003
FIG. 12. LARGEST 10 GENERA USED IN EVP MEDICINES BY NO. OF SPECIES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP LARGEST 10 GENERA USED IN EVP MEDICINES BY NO. OF SPECIES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP Prunus 8% Curcuma 8% Euphorbia Crotolaria 15% 8% Ficus 14% Arisaema 8% Solanum 9% Polygonum 9% 39
Cassia 10%
Acacia 11%
Jain, S. K. 2003
FIG.TABLE. 12. LARGEST 10 GENERA USED IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES BY NO. OF SPECIES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP LARGEST 10 GENERA USED IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES BY NO. OF SPECIES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP Arisaema 5%
Curcuma 6%
Crotolaria 7%
Polygonum 18%
Solanum 7%
Ficus 17%
Prunus 8% Cassia 7%
40
Acacia 10%
Euphorbia 15%
Jain, S. K. 2003
FIG. 14. 10 LARGEST GENERA USED IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP 10 LARGEST GENERA USED IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES Acacia 8% Syzygium 8%
Polygonum 14% Rubia 8% Ficus 13%
Piper 8%
Euphorbia 12%
Ipomoea 9%
Dioscorea 9%
41
Solanum 11% Jain, S. K. 2003
FIG. 15. TOP SPECIES USED IN EV MEDICINES IN > 5 DISEASES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 1 TOP SPECIES USED IN EV MEDICINES IN > 5 DISEASES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 1
9%
Tinospora cordifolia
14%
Azadirachta indica
9%
Cucruma longa
14%
10%
Phyllanthus emblica Zingiber officinale
10%
12% 11%
42
Abrus precatorius
Calotropis gigantea Asparagus racemosus
11%
Trachyspermum ammi
Jain, S. K. 2003
FIG. 16. TOP SPECIES USED IN EV MEDICINES IN > 5 DISEASES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 2 TOP SPECIES USED IN EV MEDICINES IN > 5 DISEASES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 2 Allium sativum
12%
Mucuna pruriens/Mucuna prurita
14%
Cassia fistula
11%
14%
Vitex negundo Alstonia scholaris
11% 14%
11%
43
Datura metal Madhuca longifolia
13%
Piper nigrum
Jain, S. K. 2003
FIG. 17. TOP SPECIES USED IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES IN > 5 DISEASES: PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 1 TOP SPECIES USED IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES IN > 5 DISEASES: PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 1 Vitex negundo
8% 8%
Calotropis gigantea
13%
Azadirachta indica Abrus precatorius
9%
13%
Cassia fistula Datura metal
10% 13%
13%
13%
Cucruma longa Phyllanthus emblica Mucuna pruriens/Mucuna prurita
44
Jain, S. K. 2003
FIG. 18. TOP SPECIES USED IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES IN > 5 DISEASES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 2
TOP SPECIES USED IN HUMAN ETHNO MEDICINES IN > 5 DISEASES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 2
6%
11%
Asparagus racemosus
16%
Zingiber officinale Tinospora cordifolia
14%
12%
Alstonia scholaris Madhuca longifolia Allium sativum
13%
14%
Trachyspermum ammi Piper nigrum
14%
45
Jain, S. K. 2003
FIG. 19. TOTAL SPECIES USED AS ETV MEDICINES TO CURE MAJOR DISEASES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 1 TOTAL SPECIES USED AS ETV MEDICINES TO CURE MAJOR DISEASES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 1
WOUNDS
GALACTAGOGUE
6%
DIARRHOEA
7% 27%
7%
BONE FRACTURE
7%
SORE
8%
11% 8% 9%
46
DYSENTERY
10%
FEVER POISON SWELLINGS ULCER
Jain, S. K. 2009
FIG. 20. TOTAL SPECIES USED AS ETV MEDICINES TO CURE MAJOR DISEASES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 2 TOTAL SPECIES USED AS ETV MEDICINES TO CURE MAJOR DISEASES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 2 STOMACH DISORDERS
8% 8%
INDIGESTION
14%
ANTHELMINTIC
FOOT & MOUTH DISEASE
8%
13%
THROAT INFECTIONS LICE
9% 11%
COUGH CUTS
9%
10%
10%
DYSPEPSIA EYE DISEASES
47
Jain, S. K. 2009
FIG. 21. TOTAL SPECIES USED AS ETV MEDICINES TO CURE MAJOR DISEASES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 3 TOTAL SPECIES USED AS ETV MEDICINES TO CURE MAJOR DISEASES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 3
SKIN DISEASES
8%
LACTATION
13%
8%
LIVER INFECTION
11%
9%
GASTRIC PROBLEMS
11%
9%
INJURIES RINDERPEST TONIC
9%
11%
11%
48
CONSTIPATION
MOUTH DISEASES SCABIES Jain, S. K. 2009
FIG. 22. TOTAL SPECIES USED AS ETV MEDICINES TO CURE MAJOR DISEASES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 4 TOTAL SPECIES USED AS ETV MEDICINES TO CURE MAJOR DISEASES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 4 BRONCHITIS
9%
MASTITIS
11%
RHEUMATISM
9% 11%
APPETIZER
9% 11%
VERMIFUGE DISLOCATED BONE
9% 11%
10% 10%
49
URINARY DISEASES
EXTERNAL PARASITE SNAKE BITES ANTHRAX
Jain, S. K. 2009
FIG. 23. TOTAL SPECIES USED AS ETV MEDICINES FOR MAJOR DISEASES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 5 TOTAL SPECIES USED AS ETV MEDICINES FOR MAJOR DISEASES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - 5
ANTISEPTIC 10%
COLIC
10%
10%
DELIVERY
10%
EXPEL FOETUS INFLAMMATION
10%
10%
INSECTICIDE
RABIES 10%
10% 10%
10%
ANTIDOTE
BOILS REMOVAL PLACENTA
50
Jain, S. K. 2009
FIG. 24. TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS PERCENTAGE BREAK UP 1 TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS PERCENTAGE BREAK UP 1 Edible
5%
Intestinal diseases
5%
Boils
17%
5%
Fever
7%
Skin diseases
10%
7%
Pain relievers
10%
8%
8% 9%
51
Injuries
9%
Lung diseases
Joint diseases Digestive problems Snake bite
Swellings
Jain, S. K. 2011
FIG. 25. TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS PERCENTAGE BREAK UP -2 TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP -2
6% 10% 6% 7%
10%
8%
10%
8% 9%
8% 9%
52
9%
Eye diseases Tonic Veneral diseases Urinary complaints Liver complaints Dental problems Asthma Child birth Abortifacient Bronchitis Menstrual complaints Anthelmintic Jain, S. K. 2011
FIG. 26. TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS PERCENTAGE BREAK UP 3 TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS PERCENTAGE BREAK UP 3
7%
9%
8%
9%
8% 9%
8% 9%
8% 8%
53
9% 8%
Purgative Piles Vermifuge Burns Antifertility Bone fractures Eruptions Malaria Bites Blood purifier Dropsy Leprosy Jain, S. K. 2011
FIG. 27. TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS PART 4 TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS - PART 4
7%
9%
8%
9%
8%
9% 8%
9%
8% 8%
54
9% 8%
Vomiting Antidote Ear complaints Refrigerant Throat infections Hair care Spleen complaints Epilepsy Oedema Scorpions bites Tuberclosis Small pox
Jain, S. K. 2011
FIG. 28. TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS PART 5 TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS - PART 5 Haemostat
8% 8%
Diuretic
12%
Kidney problems
10%
8%
Cancer
Lactation problems
10%
8%
Convulsions and Fits Nervine diseases
9%
9% 9%
9%
Blood Sugar Masticatory Mental diseases Astringent
55
Jain, S. K. 2011
FIG. 29. TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - PART 6 TOTAL NO. OF SPECIES USED FOR MAJOR HUMAN DISEASES BY TRIBALS -PERCENTAGE BREAK UP - PART 6 Paralysis
8%
12%
Sprains
8%
Leucorrhoea
12%
9%
Impotence
11%
9%
Cardiac complaints Hysteria
11%
9%
11%
56
Whooping cough
Leucoderma Fistula Stimulants
Jain, S. K. 2011
FIG. 30. TOTAL NUMBER OF PLANTS USED BY TRIBALS FOR NON MEDICINAL USES PERCENTAGE BREAK UP TOTAL NUMBER OF PLANTS USED BY TRIBALS FOR NON MEDICINAL USES - PERCENTAGE BREAK UP
Insecticidal 7%
Wood 6%
Aromatics 8%
Symbolic 30%
Fish Poison 10%
Ornaments 10%
57
Dyes 12%
Fibre 17%
Jain, S. K. 2011