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#CONy16: Can Vitamin D Be Considered a Disease Modifier for Multiple Sclerosis? MARCH 18, 2016
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BY MAGDALENA KEGEL
( IN NEWS.
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Vitamin D is crucial for our general health and it is known that it modulates immune responses. While large studies have shown that supplemental vitamin D lowers the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), not everyone is convinced. In a debate at the 10th World Congress on Controversies in Neurology (CONy) March 17-20 in Lisbon, Portugal, researchers presented their views on vitamin D as a modiLer of risk and disease progression in MS.
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The debate, “Is vitamin D a substantial disease modiLer in patients with MS?” was hosted by Jera Kruja, professor of neurology at the University of Medicine in Tirana in Albania.
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Patients with multiple sclerosis show an accumulation of disability over time, and researchers have wondered if there is a biomarker that can explain the geographical, gender, and age distribution of the disease. Some argue that vitamin D might be such biomarker, but researcher Jacek Losy from the Poznan University of Medical Science in Poland is not convinced. He agreed that there are studies showing that vitamin D lowers the risk of developing MS. Two population-based prospective studies, Nurses’ Health Study and Nurses’ Health Study II, that followed 187,563 women over at least 10 years, showed that vitamin D supplementation lowered the risk of developing multiple sclerosis by 40 percent. Women born to mothers who had a high vitamin D intake during pregnancy were also found to have a lower risk of developing the disease.
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Losy also referred to studies showing the beneLcial effects of vitamin D on disease progression, citing a prospective study of 145 relapsing-remitting MS patients who had a lower risk of relapse if they had high vitamin D levels, and a small study of 15 multiple sclerosis patients who received vitamin D3 supplements for 48 weeks, resulting in a lower rate of multiple sclerosis exacerbations at the end of the study. He also mentioned a randomized controlled trial where vitamin D3 was given in addition to interferon beta 1b treatment, in which the patients who received supplements had less disease progression, measured by MRI, than patients receiving only interferon. Based on these data, Losy said in the debate, “There is deLnitely an association with vitamin D and the risk of MS.” Still, despite these Lndings, Losy argued that this does not constitute enough evidence that vitamin D can impact the course of multiple sclerosis, and he strongly disagreed with the idea of considering vitamin D a substantial disease modiLer.
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To defend his argument, he cited a clinical trial where 68 MS patients received 20,000 IU of vitamin D3 a week for 96 weeks. The study did not Lnd evidence that the D3 supplements altered the relapse rate, expanded disability status scale (EDSS), MS Functional Composite measurements, or fatigue. Losy concluded that vitamin D can be considered a supportive therapy in multiple sclerosis, especially given the “growing evidence supporting vitamin D deLciency as a risk factor for MS.” But given the “inconsistent results on the effect of supplementation of vitamin D on the relapse rate in MS patients,” Losy maintained that researchers need to wait for results from currently ongoing clinical trials, or, more importantly, design large prospective trials to answer questions about a potential diseasemodifying role of vitamin D. Expressing an opposing opinion was Paul Friedemann, professor of neurology, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center in Germany. He believes that in addition to an important role in bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis, vitamin D can interfere in other processes. Due to its immunomodulatory capacity, vitamin D deLciency or disturbance in its metabolism might be a risk factor for the development of autoimmune diseases, including MS. Friedemann said in the debate that the “immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D are relevant to MS,” supporting the idea that vitamin D supplementation might be a therapeutic option for the disease. He emphasized that “strong epidemiological evidence points to vitamin D deLciency as an MS risk factor,” and that “animal models of MS suggest a role for vitamin D as a relevant disease-modiLer.” Together, these data support an association between low vitamin D levels and the risk of developing MS, he said. “Does vitamin D in regular diet inhuence MS risk?” Friedemann asked. “Yes,” he said, “studies show there is a signiLcant risk reduction.” “There may be a vulnerable phase where vitamin D
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deLciency causes more risk for MS,” primarily in infancy and adolescence, he said. According to Friedemann, vitamin D may be one of the longsearched-for environmental factors inhuencing MS development. To support his arguments, he recalled that “clinical research has demonstrated a strong association of vitamin D levels with relapse rate and MRI activity,” and that the “relapse risk decreases when vitamin D levels are higher.” “Do vitamin D levels predict disease course? Vitamin D levels are predictive of the further disease course,” Friedemann said, although he also indicated that more studies are needed. Friedemann is also cautious about vitamin D supplementation as a way to prevent or modify the course of the disease. “The questions as to whether high-dose vitamin supplementation may beneLcially inhuence MS disease course and prognosis remains to be answered,” he said.
TAGGED 10TH WORLD CONGRESS ON CONTROVERSIES IN NEUROLOGY (CONY), CONY16, DEBATE, DISEASE MODIFIER, VITAMIN D.
Magdalena Kegel Magdalena holds an MSc in Pharmaceutical Bioscience and an interdisciplinary PhD merging the Lelds of psychiatry, immunology and neuropharmacology. Her previous research focused on metabolic and immunologic changes in psychotic disorders. She is now focusing on science writing, allowing her to culture her passion for medical science and human health. )
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4 comments Shasha says:
March 18, 2016 at 1:28 PM
Vit D3 5000IU and sunlight helps me. A person may make 40,000IU in 15 minutes in the sunlight. Sunlight/5000IU of Vit D3 makes me laugh. I didn’t laugh my whole life very much due to low Vit D. I laughed a week when I started Vit D3 and then it wore off. I have seen a Bipolar person be more normal when his job was on putting shingles on a house and was in the sunlight more. Low sunlight/far from the equator causes Celiac which causes MS/Bipolar etc. Vit D3 is very important. An MS person maybe very low in nutrients due to gluten hurting the intestines in an autoimmune way and hurting the thyroid by making antibodies to it. Low thyroid lowers oxygen. Lower nutrients absorbed due to gluten….causes cells not to be made right to work right to burn oxygen. Lower oxygen causes my MS. Sunlight is important, but a person may need to heal the previous damage …with supplements and 100% no gluten/dairy/soy/sugar/GMO…taking probiotic..LDN (helps the immune system work right and blocks hidden gluten) and detoxing. If a person needs to do more than one thing to heal from MS which is due to Celiac. Celiac help, helps rebuild cells to burn oxygen and makes the immune system work right. Vit D is the root cause. We are like plants that need sunlight that recharges us. Reply
Erik says:
March 20, 2016 at 10:40 AM
Are you aware of the Brazilian protocol created by Dr Coimbra? Reply
Maris says: Explain please. Reply
March 21, 2016 at 12:13 AM
Judy Epstein says:
March 21, 2016 at 12:24 PM
Yes, I’m aware of it and very much look forward to the future report about it. In the meantime I have increased my own Vit D levels to match his recommended one. Reply
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