Characterizing the Variety of Developments and issues under the Umbrella of 3D Printing A focus on 3D Bioprinting Douglas K. R. Robinson LISIS, University of Paris-Est, France
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Presented at: Kings College London. Innovation pathways in 3D Bioprinting. Invited to present at focus group for the UK’s Engineering Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) project on mass customization governance of Redistributed Manufacturing (RDM) in 3D printing. Somerset House, London, UK. 4th November 2016.
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
The promise of 3d printing
3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing • Hype • Hope • Large rhetoric • Age of everyone printing whatever they want….. ……..Not quite the case.
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
A 3D printer set up • A 3D printer activity is made up of four elements • The triad of printer / material / design file • And the product that is being produced
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
A dominant design : a tripartite schema • A 3D printer activity is made up of four elements • The triad of printer / material / design file • And the product that is A dominant being produced
design!
(ii) Additive Process Tech.
A general AM machine
(i) Design Software
Design software sensitive to different materials and their properties (emergent)
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
(iii) Dedicated Materials
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Is a there a rapid prototyping ‘industry’ ? Is there a market? And what does it look like?
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
Source: Robinson and Lagnau (forthcoming) Innovation Pathways in Additive Manufacturing. Tehcnolgoical Forecastign and Social Change
Figure A: Key patents overlaid on issued US patents for Additive Manufacturing.
Figure B: The growth in number of machine supplier firms overlaid on yearly machine sales
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
Source: Robinson and Lagnau (forthcoming) Innovation Pathways in Additive Manufacturing. Tehcnolgoical Forecastign and Social Change
Growth in firm entry
Open source printers Crowd funding >100k!
Look at the burst of Mergers and Acquisitions!
IPOs! Steady growth in key patents and patent infringements
Figure A: Key patents overlaid on issued US patents for Additive Manufacturing.
Figure B: The growth in number of machine supplier firms overlaid on yearly machine sales
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
So a maturing supply of printers, but what about use?
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
A search in the web of Science reveals clusters of themes of research and development. Many BEYOND rapid prototyping. New capabilities and new knowledge
A focus on
Advanced in biomedical materials and applications
Manufacturing
A search in the web of Science reveals clusters of themes of research and development.
New materials like
Ceramics
Many BEYOND rapid prototyping. New capabilities and new knowledge
Advances in Automation
& Computation
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
3D printing branching Branching into ?
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
Source: Robinson and Lagnau (forthcoming) Innovation Pathways in Additive Manufacturing. Tehcnolgoical Forecastign and Social Change
The triad evolving in different paths
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
Source: Robinson and Lagnau (forthcoming) Innovation Pathways in Additive Manufacturing. Tehcnolgoical Forecastign and Social Change
The triad evolving in different paths
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
Source: Robinson and Lagnau (forthcoming) Innovation Pathways in Additive Manufacturing. Tehcnolgoical Forecastign and Social Change
The triad evolving in different paths
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
Current embedding scenarios in medical area 3D printed skull
DIY Prosthetics
Printed tissues
This case distributed across three regulatory zones
Open source and affordable but with quality and safety issues
Emergent but maturing. Early apps as tissues for screening
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
Current embedding scenarios in medical area 3D printed skull
DIY Prosthetics
Printed tissues
This case distributed across three regulatory zones
Open source and affordable but with quality and safety issues
Emergent but maturing. Early apps as tissues for screening
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
Dedicated research community
Workshop at UMC Utrecht
Does 3D bioprinting mean business?
Conducted with Jos Malda Uni Utrecht
Variety of stakeholders, tissue engineers, 3D bioprinting researchers, investors, regulators, etc.
Three BROAD markets identified
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
Three scenarios
•3D bioprinted tissues for research purposes •3D bioprinted tissues for screening purposes •3D bioprinted tissues for clinical purposes Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
http://umr-lisis.fr/
3D bioprinting supply chain for research Dedicated printer and bioink companies emerging some offering tissues
3D bioprinting and screening applications
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
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Bioprinting for clinical applications
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
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Selected challenges
Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
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Jessop, Z. M., Al-Himdani, S., Clement, M., & Whitaker, I. S. (2015). the challenge for reconstructive surgeons in the twenty-first century: manufacturing tissue-engineered solutions. Frontiers in surgery, 2.
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Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society
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