CODA Digest - Eurocontrol

CODA Digest Delays to Air Transport in Europe – Quarter 1 2013

Digest - Delays to Air Transport in Europe

Quarter 1 2013

FOREWORD This report gives an overview of the delay situation in the European Civil Aviation Conference Area. This report has been prepared by the Central Office for Delay Analysis (CODA), a service of EUROCONTROL. It is based on the EUROCONTROL CODA database which contains delay data provided directly by airlines. The report consists of an overview of the reporting period, a summary of the main delay effects, and a series of charts and graphics, which illustrate the main characteristics of the reporting period. A glossary of terms and abbreviations used throughout the report is given in Annex Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations. Abbreviations Airline data from the CODA database contains real recorded delays provided to CODA by airlines and is based on the difference between scheduled time of departure and actual off block time. ATFM delays reported by airlines may be lower than the NM calculated ATFM delays due to difference in methods: ATFM delays of NM are the (flight) planned “delays”; the airlines report the “actual” experienced ATFM delay on departure. For instance, a flight with an ATFM delay may also have a handling delay absorbed within the ATFM delay. For the airline, a part of this delay is the ATFM delay and the rest is the handling delay. This report discusses delays from all-causes; for information regarding ATFCM delays see the complementary reports available at http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/network-operations-monitoring-and-reporting Table of Contents 1.

Headlines and Monthly Overview.............................................................................................................................. 3

2.

Summary of Significant Events ................................................................................................................................. 5

3.

CODA Scheduling Indicators..................................................................................................................................... 6

4.

Average Delay per Flight for Departures .................................................................................................................. 7

5.

NM versus Aircraft Operator experience of Delay................................................................................................... 8

6.

Average delay per Flight by Hour.............................................................................................................................. 9

7.

Average Delay per Delayed Flight >5 Minutes ....................................................................................................... 10

8.

Distribution of All Flights by Length of Delay (Punctuality) ................................................................................. 11

9.

Average Delay per Flight for Arrivals...................................................................................................................... 12

10.

Top 20 Affected Departure Airports ........................................................................................................................ 13

11.

Top 20 Affected Arrival Airports.............................................................................................................................. 14

12.

Top 20 Most Delayed Airport Pairs ......................................................................................................................... 15

13.

Year-on-Year Trends in All-Causes Delay Indicators ............................................................................................ 16

A.

Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations .................................................................................................................... 17

B.

CODA Delay Groupings............................................................................................................................................ 18

C.

Correlation between IATA Codes and the NM Regulation Codes ........................................................................ 19

D.

Standard IATA Delay Codes (AHM730)................................................................................................................... 20

E.

Standard IATA Delay Codes (AHM730)................................................................................................................... 21

F.

Standard IATA Delay Sub-Codes (AHM731)........................................................................................................... 22

G.

CODA Coverage Of Commercial Flights in the ECAC Region ............................................................................. 23

© 2013 European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (EUROCONTROL) This document is published by EUROCONTROL for information purposes. It may be copied in whole or in part provided that EUROCONTROL is mentioned as the source and to the extent justified by the non-commercial use (not for sale). The information in this document may not be modified without prior written permission from EUROCONTROL. The use of this document is at the user’s sole risk and responsibility. EUROCONTROL expressly disclaims any and all warranties with respect to any content within the document, express or implied. Central Office for Delay Analysis EUROCONTROL 96 Rue de la Fusée B - 1130 Brussels The Central Office for Delay Analysis (CODA) is ISO 9001:2008 certified. Tel: + 32-2 729 33 91 Fax : + 32-2 729 90 04 E-Mail : [email protected] Web Site: http://www.eurocontrol.int/coda

Date of publication of this issue: 04/06/2013

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Quarter 1 2013

1. Headlines and Monthly Overview. In the First Quarter (Q1) of 2013 data from airlines describing delays from all-causes shows an average delay per flight (ADM) of 10.4 minutes, this was a 13% increase in comparison to the level observed in Q1 of 2012. 37% of flights were delayed on departure (>=5 minutes) this was an increase of 4 percentage points in comparison to Q1 2012. There were 5.3% fewer flights per day in the EUROCONTROL Statistical Reference Area (ESRA) than in Q1 2012. January 2013 saw an increase in delays in comparison to the low levels observed in January 2012, with 38% of flights were delayed on departure (>=5 minutes) this was a 5 percentage point increase. In February 2013 data from CODA airlines for all-causes of delay showed an average delay per delayed flight (ADD) of 27 minutes, this was a 12% decrease in comparison to the level observed in February 2012. In March 2013 delays from all-causes showed an average delay per delayed flight (ADD) of 28 minutes, this was a 9% increase in comparison to the level observed in March 2012. 39% of flights were delayed on departure (>=5 minutes) which was an increase of 9% when compared to March 2012.

Figure 1. Total Departures per day in ESRA08

Figure 2. Long Departures Delay >60 minutes

Long departure delays saw increases in January 2013 and March with flights delayed greater than 60 minutes increasing to 4.5% and 3.4% respectively. February however saw decreases in comparison to 2012, which a fall of 1 percentage point for flights delayed greater than 60 minutes. However February 2012 did see higher delays

In Q1 2013 traffic continued to decline: there were 4.3% fewer flights per day in the EUROCONTROL Statistical Reference Area (ESRA) than in Q1 2012 with levels at a five year low

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Quarter 1 2013

Figure 3. Primary Delay Causes Q1 2013 vs. Q1 2012

Q1 2013 saw an increase to the average delay per flight to 10.4 minutes for delay all-causes. When analysing the delay reasons; Reactionary delays increased by 0.4 minutes to 4.5 minutes per fight. Airlinerelated delays increased slightly by 0.1 minutes to 2.8 minutes per flight. The main increases came with other weather delays increasing to 1.8 minutes per flight from 0.7 and ATFCM Weather increasing to 0.4 minutes from 0.2 minutes per flight. ATFCM en-route delays remained stable at 0.2 minutes per flight.

Figure 5. ATFM Share of All-Causes Primary Delay.

Figure 4. Primary delay causes, Q1 2013 vs. Q1 2012

The effect that the weather had on all-causes of delay is notable in Figure 4, particularly the contribution that ‘other weather’ this cause contributing 1.3 minutes of the total 1.6 minutes per flight for the weather totals. Airline related delay increased slightly to at 2.8 minutes per flight

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Looking further into the history of the ATFM proportion of primary delay, the en-route percentage share of the total primary delay minutes was 12.7% in the main summer quarter (Q3) of 2012, this was the lowest Q3 share noted since 2009. The Q4 proportion was 9.6%. Delay minutes also fell, these down by 35%. The share of ATFM airport delay remained at a stable level of 12% in the quarter.

CODA


Quarter 1 2013

2. Summary of Significant Events January 2013 was a month were weather delays mainly from high winds, snow and related low visibility were observed. Particularly at Amsterdam, London Heathrow and Geneva airports. There were also weather delays observed at Paris CDG & Orly, Düsseldorf, Munich, Vienna, London Gatwick and Madrid Barajas. Frankfurt was affected by snow and freezing rain with this airport seeing significant delays particularly on the 20th and 21st January. Industrial action in France occurred on the 30th January 2013. Istanbul Ataturk experienced delays following reduced capacity from runway configuration as a result of wind direction restricting the optimum runway usage. Despite the overall reduction in all-causes delay during February 2013, Istanbul Ataturk experienced delays following reduced capacity from runway configuration as a result of wind direction restricting the optimum runway usage. Seasonal weather delays mainly from high winds, snow and related low visibility were observed particularly at Amsterdam, London Heathrow and Gatwick, Frankfurt, Munich, Vienna, Paris CDG and Brussels. Geneva saw an increase in traffic particularly on Saturdays as a result of ski traffic, the airport was also affected by delays following snow and capacity delays. In March 2013 the delay situation worsened, Paris CDG, Paris Orly, Berlin Tegel, Brussels, Frankfurt, Zurich, Vienna, and London Gatwick airports were affected by weather with low visibility, fog, wind and snow issues. London Heathrow airport experienced particularly high delays in March due to strong winds, fog and low visibility.

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Quarter 1 2013

3. CODA Scheduling Indicators Scheduling correctly is a difficult art: if too long a time is blocked for a flight, the airline will not be able to make best use of resources - staff, airframes, infrastructure. But too short a time can arguably be worse as late flights generate rotational delay with late incoming aircraft and passengers from previous flights having to be accommodated. When flights leave on time but arrive after the scheduled time of arrival they cause reactionary delays. Two CODA scheduling indicators help airline schedulers determine the optimal schedule based on historical flight data: The Block Time Overshoot (BTO) or the percentage of flights with an actual block time which exceeds the scheduled block time. The European BTO in Q1 2013 was 30%, this was an improvement in comparison to Q1 2012 of 1.7 points. The Delay Difference Indicator - Flight (DDI-F) or the difference between departure and arrival punctuality expressed in minutes. This can be indicated as a positive or negative figure, for example a flight departing with 20 minutes delay and arriving with 30 minutes arrival delay will have a DDI-F of +10 minutes. The European DDI-F in Q1 2013 was -3.3 minutes, this was an improvement of 0.4 minutes per flight when compared to the first quarter of 2012.

BTO % of flights exceeding scheduled blocktime

Figure 6. Block Time Overshoot (BTO) and Delay Difference Indicator - Flight (DDI-F) Q1 2013 vs. Q1 2012

40% 35%

20 33,1%

34,2% 30,4%

31.6%

30.2%

30%

30,1%

28,7% 27,2%

30,9%

32.5%

31,3%

28,0%

31,0%

30,0%

26,0%

15

25% 20%

10

15% 10%

5

0% -5%

0 -2,5

-2.4

-3,2

-2,6

-3,0

-10%

-3,3

-4,1

-4,2

Jul2012

Aug2012

-3,6

-2,7

-2,9

-2,9

-3,9

-3,1

-3,4

-15% -20%

-5

DDI-F Minutes gained in flight

5%

-10 Jan2012

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Feb2012

Mar2012

Apr2012

May2012

Jun2012

5

Sep2012

Oct2012

Nov2012

Dec2012

Jan2013

Feb2013

Mar2013

CODA


Quarter 1 2013

4. Average Delay per Flight for Departures In Q1 2013 the average delay per flight from all causes of delay increased by 16%, to 10 minutes per flight when compared to Q1 2012. Although that this was an increase, 2011 & 2012 were quarters that saw record lows in delay. The average delay per delayed flight (ADD) increased to 29 minutes from 28 minutes. 37% of flights were delayed on departure (>=5 minutes) this was an increase of 4 percentage points in comparison to Q1 2012

Figure 7. Average delay per flight (All-Causes) for Departures

Figure 8. Average delay per flight (All-Causes) for Departures

Figure 9. Percentage of Delayed Flights (All-Causes) for Departures

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Quarter 1 2013

5. NM versus Aircraft Operator experience of Delay Figure 10. Breakdown of Average Delay per Flight (NM vs. AO)

Average departure delay per flight in minutes

Breakdown average delay per flight Jan- Mar 2013 12

10,4

10 8 5,9

6 4 2 0,2

0.2

Average En‐Route Delay/Flight

Average En‐Route Delay/Flight

0

NM repo rted En-Ro ute A TFM delay P rimary Delay (excl En-Ro ute)

Average primary delay

Passenger experience

A irline Repo rted En-Ro ute A TFM Delay Reactio nary delay

This section presents the air transport delay situation as seen from the airlines and passengers viewpoint (the difference between the scheduled time of departure and the actual time of departure from the gate). Data coverage is 65% of commercial flights in the ECAC region for Q1 2013. ATFM delays reported by airlines may be lower than the NM calculated ATFM delays due to difference in methods: ATFM delays of NM are the (flight) planned “delays”; the airlines report the “actual” experienced ATFM delay on departure. For instance, a flight with an ATFM delay may also have a handling delay absorbed within the ATFM delay. For the airline, a part of this delay is the ATFM delay and the rest is the handling delay. Further analysis of airline data and the graph in figure 10 shows that the average en-route ATFM delay was 0.2 minutes per flight. This was the same level as the NM reported average en-route ATFM delay of 0.2 minutes per flight. According to airline reports, primary delays counted for 57% (5.9 min/flt) of which (0.2 min/flt) is attributed to enroute ATFM delays, with reactionary delays representing a share of 43% share at (4.5min/flt).

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Quarter 1 2013

6. Average delay per Flight by Hour Figure 11 . Breakdown of the Average Delay Per Flight by Hour Of The Day Q1 2013 vs. Q1 2012

The increased effect of weather conditions during Q1 2013 when compared to Q1 2012 can be observed in Figure 10. The share of weather delays exceeded 30% of the total generated delay minutes at 0600 UTC and remained above 10% throughout the day.

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Quarter 1 2013

7. Average Delay per Delayed Flight >5 Minutes

Figure 12 . ADD vs. PDF on Departure

Figure 13 . ADD vs. PDF on Arrival

The average delay per delayed flight on departure (ADD) in Q1 2013 was 29 minutes, this was a 4% increase compared to Q1 2012, where the ADD was 28 minutes. The percentage of delayed flights (PDF) was 37%, a 4 percentage point increase compared to the 28 minutes observed in Q1 2012. Regarding arrivals, the average delay per delayed arrival was 30 minutes, a 4% decrease, the percentage of delayed flights on arrival was 36%.

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CODA


8.

Quarter 1 2013

Distribution of All Flights by Length of Delay (Punctuality)

In Q1 2013, 43% of flights departed within the 5 minute threshold before or after the scheduled departure time (STD); this was a decrease of 1 point when compared to Q1 2012. Flights delayed >30 minutes from all-causes increased to 9% this was an increase of 1 percentage point. Figure 14 . All-Causes Departure and Arrival Punctuality Q1 2013 vs. Q1 2012

Regarding arrival punctuality, 29% of flights arrived on time within the 5 minute threshold before or after the scheduled arrival time, with longer delays >30 minutes increasing to 9%. Flights arriving >15 minutes ahead of schedule fell slightly to 10% however this is still high which may impact airport operations, particularly stand and gate allocations.

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CODA


9.

Quarter 1 2013

Average Delay per Flight for Arrivals The average delay per flight on arrival from all causes increased from 10 minutes to 11 minutes per flight in Q1 2013, this was a 10% increase. The average delay per delayed flight was 30 minutes, this was a 4% increase. The percentage of delayed flights also increased, this by 2 percentage points in comparison to Q12012. Figure 15. Average delay per flight (AllCauses) for Arrivals

Figure 16. Average delay per flight (All-Causes) for Arrivals

Figure 17. Percentage of Delayed Flights (All-Causes) for Arrivals

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Quarter 1 2013

10. Top 20 Affected Departure Airports Figure 18. All-Causes Delay. Top 20 Affected Departure Airports Q1 2013 Rank

Departure Airport

ICAO Code

Average Delay per Flight Percentage Change

Average delay per departure (mins)

Average Delay per Delayed Departure

Percentage Delayed Departures

1

LONDON/HEATHROW

EGLL

14.2

28%

28.6

49.6%

2

GENEVE COINTRIN

LSGG

13.8

46%

30.4

45.6%

3

MANCHESTER

EGCC

13.8

21%

31.9

43.1%

4

LFPG

13.5

33%

29.0

46.7%

5

PARIS CH DE GAULLE LONDON/GATWICK

EGKK

13.0

34%

30.6

42.4%

6

ISTANBUL-ATATURK

LTBA

12.9

-23%

33.2

39.0%

7

LAS PALMAS

GCLP

12.7

62%

33.8

37.7%

8

BIRMINGHAM

EGBB

12.7

52%

33.2

38.4%

9

EBBR

12.0

41%

28.5

42.2%

10

BRUSSELS NATIONAL DUESSELDORF

EDDL

11.7

73%

29.2

39.9%

11

FRANKFURT MAIN

EDDF

11.7

45%

25.9

44.9%

12

TEGEL-BERLIN

EDDT

11.5

19%

26.3

43.9%

13

PARIS ORLY

LFPO

11.5

37%

27.3

42.2%

14

ZURICH

LSZH

11.3

28%

20.8

54.4%

15

MUNICH

EDDM

11.2

21%

23.5

47.8%

16

LISBOA

LPPT

11.2

48%

28.2

39.6%

17

COLOGNE

EDDK

11.1

81%

29.4

37.7%

18

LHBP

11.0

8%

28.8

38.1%

19

FERIHEGYBUDAPEST HAMBURG

EDDH

10.5

35%

24.4

42.9%

20

ROME FIUMICINO

LIRF

10.5

12%

22.1

47.4%

Analysis of the Top 20 Affected Airports shows that London Heathrow ranked the highest with an average delay per flight of 14 mins in Q1 2013, following weather delays from winds, snow and low visibility that affected the airport in all 3 months. Geneva saw increases in traffic particularly on Saturdays as a result of ski traffic, the airport was also affected by delays following snow and capacity delays. Flights departing from Manchester experienced delays on departing predominantly from weather at the major hub airports. Istanbul – Ataturk saw an improvement in its delays, with a 23% fall in comparison to Q1 2012, however delays can be seen when runway usage is not optimal, as a result of wind direction. Figure 19. Main delay causes at the top 10 affected departure airports

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Quarter 1 2013

11. Top 20 Affected Arrival Airports Figure 20. All-Causes Delay. Top 20 Affected Arrival Airports Q1 2013

Rank

Arrival Airport

ICAO Code

EGLL

Average delay per Flight (mins)

Average Delay per Flight Percentage Change

Average Delay per delayed arrival

Percentage delayed arrivals

15.8

30%

36.1

43.7%

1

LONDON/HEATHROW

2

LONDON/GATWICK

EGKK

14.8

32%

42.6

34.7%

3

MANCHESTER

EGCC

14.2

10%

38.9

36.5%

4

ISTANBUL-ATATURK

LTBA

13.2

-49%

31.0

42.6%

5

BIRMINGHAM

EGBB

13.1

44%

38.3

34.2%

6

LISBOA

LPPT

12.6

71%

31.7

39.6%

7

GENEVE COINTRIN

LSGG

12.4

50%

30.4

40.8%

8

BRUSSELS NATIONAL COLOGNE

EBBR

12.4

50%

32.5

38.1%

EDDK

12.3

65%

31.5

39.2%

PARIS CH DE GAULLE DUBLIN

LFPG

12.3

36%

33.2

36.9%

EIDW

11.8

32%

31.7

37.2%

12

DUESSELDORF

EDDL

11.7

50%

28.9

40.4%

13

WIEN SCHWECHAT

LOWW

11.6

90%

29.8

39.1%

14

FRANKFURT MAIN

EDDF

11.5

30%

35.4

32.4%

15

LONDON/STANSTED

EGSS

11.4

27%

32.1

35.5%

16

OSLO/GARDERMOEN

ENGM

11.0

4%

25.7

42.9%

17

MADRID BARAJAS

LEMD

11.0

-29%

29.1

37.8%

18

LFML

10.6

54%

28.9

36.7%

19

MARSEILLE PROVENCE HELSINKI-VANTAA

EFHK

10.6

-24%

29.7

35.5%

20

MILANO MALPENSA

LIMC

10.5

30%

30.3

34.8%

9 10 11

Weather delays affected arrival traffic at London Heathrow during Q1 2013 with the airport seeing an increase in delay of 30% and a resulting average delay per flight of 16 minutes on arrival. London Gatwick flights saw high shares of reactionary delay, as well as weather delays.

Figure 21. Main delay causes at the top 10 affected arrival airports

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Quarter 1 2013

12. Top 20 Most Delayed Airport Pairs Figure 22. All-Causes Delay Situation for the 20 Most Delayed Airport Pairs Rank

Departure Airport

Arrival Airport

Average Delay Per Departure

Change since Previous Period

Average Delay Per Delayed Departure

Percentage Delayed Departures

1

GENEVE COINTRIN

LONDON/GATWICK

24.4

72%

41.9

58.2%

2

ISTANBUL-ATATURK

20.2

-7%

29.0

69.8%

3

PARIS CH DE GAULLE GENEVE COINTRIN

LONDON/HEATHROW

19.1

43%

35.3

54.0%

4

LONDON/HEATHROW

ISTANBUL-ATATURK

17.5

-13%

30.2

58.1%

5

LONDON/GATWICK

GENEVE COINTRIN

17.3

78%

31.9

54.3%

6

LONDON/HEATHROW

MADRID BARAJAS

17.0

-4%

27.0

63.1%

7

TROMSO/LANGNES

OSLO/GARDERMOEN

16.1

49%

25.4

63.3%

8

MUENCHEN 2

LONDON/HEATHROW

15.8

55%

31.2

50.7%

9

SCHIPHOL AMSTERDAM GENEVE COINTRIN

LONDON/GATWICK

15.3

58%

39.3

38.9%

BRUSSELS NATIONAL GENEVE COINTRIN

15.3

156%

33.8

45.2%

14.9

93%

29.8

50.1%

ROME FIUMICINO

14.9

50%

25.7

58.1%

LONDON/HEATHROW

14.9

54%

28.3

52.6%

MUENCHEN 2

14.7

22%

28.7

51.1%

10 11 12 13

BRUSSELS NATIONAL LONDON/HEATHROW

14

STOCKHOLMARLANDA LONDON/HEATHROW

15

LONDON/HEATHROW

ZURICH

14.6

17%

25.3

57.5%

16

ROME FIUMICINO

LONDON/HEATHROW

14.2

28%

27.1

52.5%

17

PARIS CH DE GAULLE LONDON/HEATHROW

LONDON/HEATHROW

14.2

36%

27.5

51.7%

NEW YORK

14.1

28%

28.8

49.0%

PARIS CH DE GAULLE BRUSSELS NATIONAL

DUBLIN

14.1

188%

29.1

48.4%

LONDON/HEATHROW

14.0

45%

30.8

45.5%

18 19 20

The Top 20 Most-Affected Airport Pairs shows the effect that the weather conditions had on operations. Flights from Geneva to London Gatwick experienced delays from weather as well as reactionary delays. Geneva experienced weather delays during the quarter, particularly in January & February. The effect that the weather situation at London Heathrow is also prominent with 13 out of the Top 20 pairs featuring this airport.

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Quarter 1 2013

13. Year-on-Year Trends in All-Causes Delay Indicators This annex summarises the year-on-year trends in the main indicators of delay from all causes. A flight is considered delayed from 5 minutes. This is based on CODA data covering 65% of commercial flights in the ECAC region in first quarter of 2013.

Figure 23. Average all-causes delay/delayed flight (departures left, arrivals right)

Figure 24. Percentage of flights delayed for all-causes delay (departures left, arrivals right)

Figure 25. Percentage of flights delayed >15mins for all-causes (departures left, arrivals right)

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Quarter 1 2013

A. Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations Delay Parameter Abbreviations TTF TRF TDF PRF PDF TDM

Total Flights Total Regulated Flights Total Delayed Flights Percentage of Regulated Flights Percentage of Delayed Flights Total Delay in Minutes

ADM ADD

Average Delay per Movement Average Delay per Delayed Flight

Glossary of Terms ACC

Area Control Centre

AEA

Association of European Airlines

AHM

Airport Handling Manual

ATFM

Air Traffic Flow Management (used by IATA in the Standard IATA Delay Codes)

ATFCM Air Traffic Flow and Capacity Management (used by NM as a more comprehensive reference to the function) ATS

Air Traffic Services

BTO

Block Time Overshoot

CODA

Central Office for Delay Analysis

DDI-F

Delay Difference Indicator - Flight

NM

Directorate Network Management

NMOC

NM Operations Centre (Network Manager)

ECAC

European Civil Aviation Conference

ESRA08

EUROCONTROL Statistical Reference Area

FDPS

Flight Data Processing System

FMP

Flow Management Position

IACA

International Air Carrier Association

IATA

International Air Transport Association

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CODA


Quarter 1 2013

B. CODA Delay Groupings Link between CODA Causes and IATA delay codes.

Passenger and Baggage Cargo and Mail Aircraft and Ramp Handling Technical and Aircraft Equipment Damage to Aircraft & EDP/Automated Equipment Failure Flight Operations and Crewing

IATA Code 11‐19 21‐29 31‐39 41‐49 51‐58 61‐69

Other Airline Related Causes ATFM due to Restriction at Destination Airport Airport Facilities Restrictions at Airport of Destination

Others 83 87 88

Restrictions at Airport of Departure ATFM due to ATC En‐Route Demand / Capacity

89 81

ATFM due to ATC Staff / Equipment En‐Route

82

CODA CAUSE

Primary Delay Causes

Airline

Airport

En‐Route

Description

Governmental Security and Immigration Weather (other than ATFM) Weather ATFM due to Weather at Destination Miscellaneous Miscellaneous

EUROCONTROL

Reactionary

Late Arrival of Aircraft, Crew, Passengers or Load

17

85‐86 71‐79 84 98‐99 91‐96

CODA

EUROCONTROL

18

W

V

Weather

Environmental issue

Other

P

Special Event

O

M

G

Aerodrome Capacity

Airspace Management

A

Accident/Incident

N

T

ATC Equipment

Industrial Action NONATC

S

ATC Staffing

E

R

ATC Routings

Equipment NON-ATC

I

ATC Industrial Action

De-icing

C

ATC Capacity

D

Code

Regulation Cause

NM

A

AIRPORT FACILITIES

87

CODA

A

E

D

To be used if no other reason can fit

83

81

89

ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT

ATFM due to ATC ENROUTE DEMAND/CAPACITY

RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE


RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE 83

89

Noise

D

A

ATFM due to WEATHER AT DESTINATION

84

A

WEATHER EN ROUTE OR ALTERNATE

RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE 73

89

Thunderstorm; low visibility; strong cross winds, CB's

D

E


ATFM due to ATC STAFF/EQUIPMENT ENROUTE 83

A

82


European football cup; Heads of Government meetings; Upgrade of ATM systems

89

E


83

A

D

ATFM due to ATC STAFF/EQUIPMENT ENROUTE

82

E

Airspace availibility; Military excersise


89

D

INDUSTRIAL ACTION OUTSIDE OWN AIRLINE

INDUSTRIAL ACTION OUTSIDE OWN AIRLINE 98

98

Fireman's strike

D

A

AIRPORT FACILITIES

87

Runway or Taxiway lighting failure


89

De-icing

AIRPORT FACILITIES

87

AIRPORT FACILITIES


A

D

D

A

87

Lack of parking; taxiway closure; areas (runways, taxiways) closed for maintenance; demand exceeds the declared airport, capacity; runway configuration (winds)

83

A

D


89

D

RWY23 closed due to accident


83

A



82

89

Radar failure; RTF failure

D

E




82


89


81

83

83

Unplanned staff shortage

Phasing in of new procedures; ATFCM scenarios, Network Solutions


A

E

D

E

82


Controllers' Strike

89

E


83

A


Delay Cause

D

89

Code


Demand exceeds the capacity; Planned staff shortage

Guidelines

81

E

D

Regulation Location

IATA

Correlation between IATA Delay Codes and the NM Regulation Codes

Digest - Delays to Air Transport in Europe Quarter 1 2013

C. Correlation between IATA Codes and the NM Regulation Codes


Quarter 1 2013

D. Standard IATA Delay Codes (AHM730) Others 00-05 06 (OA) 09 (SG)

AIRLINE INTERNAL CODES NO GATE/STAND AVAILABILITY DUE TO OWN AIRLINE ACTIVITY SCHEDULED GROUND TIME LESS THAN DECLARED MINIMUM GROUND TIME

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

(PD) (PL) (PE) (PO) (PH) (PS) (PC) (PB) (PW)

LATE CHECK-IN, acceptance after deadline LATE CHECK-IN, congestions in check-in area CHECK-IN ERROR, passenger and baggage OVERSALES, booking errors BOARDING, discrepancies and paging, missing checked-in passenger COMMERCIAL PUBLICITY/PASSENGER CONVENIENCE, VIP, press, ground meals and missing personal items CATERING ORDER, late or incorrect order given to supplier BAGGAGE PROCESSING, sorting etc. REDUCED MOBILITY, boarding / deboarding of passengers with reduced mobility.

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

(CD) (CP) (CC) (CI) (CO) (CU) (CE) (CL) (CA)

DOCUMENTATION, errors etc. LATE POSITIONING LATE ACCEPTANCE INADEQUATE PACKING OVERSALES, booking errors LATE PREPARATION IN WAREHOUSE DOCUMENTATION, PACKING etc (Mail Only) LATE POSITIONING (Mail Only) LATE ACCEPTANCE (Mail Only)

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

(GD) (GL) (GE) (GS) (GC) (GF) (GB) (GU) (GT)

AIRCRAFT DOCUMENTATION LATE/INACCURATE, weight and balance, general declaration, pax manifest, etc. LOADING/UNLOADING, bulky, special load, cabin load, lack of loading staff LOADING EQUIPMENT, lack of or breakdown, e.g. container pallet loader, lack of staff SERVICING EQUIPMENT, lack of or breakdown, lack of staff, e.g. steps AIRCRAFT CLEANING FUELLING/DEFUELLING, fuel supplier CATERING, late delivery or loading ULD, lack of or serviceability TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT, lack of or breakdown, lack of staff, e.g. pushback

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

(TD) (TM) (TN) (TS) (TA) (TC) (TL) (TV)

AIRCRAFT DEFECTS. SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE, late release. NON-SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE, special checks and/or additional works beyond normal maintenance schedule. SPARES AND MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT, lack of or breakdown. AOG SPARES, to be carried to another station. AIRCRAFT CHANGE, for technical reasons. STAND-BY AIRCRAFT, lack of planned stand-by aircraft for technical reasons. SCHEDULED CABIN CONFIGURATION/VERSION ADJUSTMENTS.

Passenger and Baggage

Cargo and Mail

Aircraft and Ramp Handling

Technical and Aircraft Equipment

Damage to Aircraft & EDP/Automated Equipment Failure 51 (DF) 52 (DG) 55 56 57 58

(ED) (EC) (EF) (EO)

EUROCONTROL

DAMAGE DURING FLIGHT OPERATIONS, bird or lightning strike, turbulence, heavy or overweight landing, collision during taxiing DAMAGE DURING GROUND OPERATIONS, collisions (other than during taxiing), loading/off-loading damage, contamination, towing, extreme weather conditions DEPARTURE CONTROL CARGO PREPARATION/DOCUMENTATION FLIGHT PLANS OTHER AUTOMATED SYSTEM

19

CODA


Quarter 1 2013

E. Standard IATA Delay Codes (AHM730) Flight Operations and Crewing 61 (FP) 62 (FF) 63 (FT)

68 (FA) 69 (FB)

FLIGHT PLAN, late completion or change of, flight documentation OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS, fuel, load alteration LATE CREW BOARDING OR DEPARTURE PROCEDURES, other than connection and standby (flight deck or entire crew) FLIGHT DECK CREW SHORTAGE, sickness, awaiting standby, flight time limitations, crew meals, valid visa, health documents, etc. FLIGHT DECK CREW SPECIAL REQUEST, not within operational requirements LATE CABIN CREW BOARDING OR DEPARTURE PROCEDURES, other than connection and standby CABIN CREW SHORTAGE, sickness, awaiting standby, flight time limitations, crew meals, valid visa, health documents, etc. CABIN CREW ERROR OR SPECIAL REQUEST, not within operational requirements CAPTAIN REQUEST FOR SECURITY CHECK, extraordinary

71 72 73 75 76 77

DEPARTURE STATION DESTINATION STATION EN ROUTE OR ALTERNATE DE-ICING OF AIRCRAFT, removal of ice and/or snow, frost prevention excluding unserviceability of equipment REMOVAL OF SNOW, ICE, WATER AND SAND FROM AIRPORT GROUND HANDLING IMPAIRED BY ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS

64 (FS) 65 (FR) 66 (FL) 67 (FC)

Weather (WO) (WT) (WR) (WI) (WS) (WG)

ATFM + AIRPORT + GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES AIR TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT RESTRICTIONS 81 (AT) 82 (AX) 83 (AE) 84 (AW)

ATFM due to ATC EN-ROUTE DEMAND/CAPACITY, standard demand/capacity problems ATFM due to ATC STAFF/EQUIPMENT EN-ROUTE, reduced capacity caused by industrial action or staff shortage, equipment failure, military exercise or extraordinary demand due to capacity reduction in neighbouring area ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT, airport and/or runway closed due to obstruction, industrial action, staff shortage, political unrest, noise abatement, night curfew, special flights ATFM due to WEATHER AT DESTINATION

AIRPORT AND GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES 85 (AS) 86 (AG) 87 (AF) 88 (AD) 89 (AM)

MANDATORY SECURITY IMMIGRATION, CUSTOMS, HEALTH AIRPORT FACILITIES, parking stands, ramp congestion, lighting, buildings, gate limitations, etc. RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DESTINATION, airport and/or runway closed due to obstruction, industrial action, staff shortage, political unrest, noise abatement, night curfew, special flights RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE WITH OR WITHOUT ATFM RESTRICTIONS, including Air Traffic 1

Services, start-up and pushback, airport and/or runway closed due to obstruction or weather , industrial action, staff shortage, political unrest, noise abatement, night curfew, special flights

Reactionary 91 92 93 94 95 96

(RL) (RT) (RA) (RS) (RC) (RO)

LOAD CONNECTION, awaiting load from another flight THROUGH CHECK-IN ERROR, passenger and baggage AIRCRAFT ROTATION, late arrival of aircraft from another flight or previous sector CABIN CREW ROTATION, awaiting cabin crew from another flight CREW ROTATION, awaiting crew from another flight (flight deck or entire crew) OPERATIONS CONTROL, re-routing, diversion, consolidation, aircraft change for reasons other than technical

Miscellaneous 97 (MI) 98 (MO) 99 (MX)

INDUSTRIAL ACTION WITH OWN AIRLINE INDUSTRIAL ACTION OUTSIDE OWN AIRLINE, excluding ATS OTHER REASON, not matching any code above

SOURCE: IATA – Airport Handling Manual (730 & 731)

1

Restriction due to weather in case of ATFM regulation only, else refer to code 71 (WO)

EUROCONTROL

20

CODA


Quarter 1 2013

F. Standard IATA Delay Sub-Codes (AHM731) 73 (WR)

WEATHER: EN ROUTE OR ALTERNATE Z Y X

81 (AT)

ATFM DUE TO ATC EN-ROUTE DEMAND/CAPACITY, standard demand/capacity problems Z Y

82 (AX)

ATC ROUTEINGS HIGH DEMAND OR CAPACITY

ATFM DUE TO ATC STAFF/EQUIPMENT EN-ROUTE, reduced capacity caused by industrial action or shortage or equipment failure, extraordinary demand due to capacity reduction in neighbouring area Z Y X W V

83 (AE)

INDUSTRIAL ACTION EQUIPMENT FAILURE STAFF SHORTAGE MILITARY ACTIVITY SPECIAL EVENT

ATFM DUE TO RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT, airport and/or runway closed due to obstruction, industrial action, staff shortage, political unrest, noise abatement, night curfew, special flights Z Y X W V U T S R

87 (AF)

HIGH DEMAND / ATC CAPACITY INDUSTRIAL ACTION EQUIPMENT FAILURE STAFF SHORTAGE ACCIDENT / INCIDENT MILITARY ACTIVITY SPECIAL EVENT NOISE ABATEMENT/NIGHT CURFEW OTHER

AIRPORT FACILITIES, parking stands, ramp congestion, lighting, buildings, gate limitations, etc. Z Y X W V U T S R P N M L K J H G

89 (AM)

LACK OF PARKING STANDS RAMP CONGESTION LIGHTING OR BUILDINGS GATE LIMITATION / NO GATE AVAILABLE BAGGAGE SORTING SYSTEM DOWN / SLOW NO PUSH BACK CLEARANCE DUE TO INFRASTRUCTURE JET BRIDGE INOPERATIVE LACK OF CHECK IN COUNTERS ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FAILURE PASSENGER TRANSPORT SYSTEM FAILURE PUBLIC ADDRESS/FLIGHT INFORMATION DISPLAY SYSTEM FAILURE INSUFFICIENT FIRE COVER GROUND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FAILURE NO PUSH BACK CLEARANCE DUE TO CONSTRUCTION BREAKDOWN OF AIRPORT FUELLING SYSTEM LATE OR LACK OF FOLLOW ME FOR PUSH-BACK ANY OF THE ABOVE AT THE DESTINATION AIRPORT

RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE WITH OR WITHOUT ATFM RESTRICTIONS, including Air Traffic Services, start-up and pushback, airport and/or runway closed due to obstruction or weather. Z Y X W V U T S R P N M L K J H G

93 (RA)

ATC CAPACITY ATC INDUSTRIAL ACTION ATC STAFFING ATC EQUIPMENT ATC ACCIDENT/INCIDENT ATC DUE TO DE-ICING ATC SPECIAL EVENT ATC WEATHER ATC RESTRICTIONS DUE TO CURFEW ATC POLITICAL UNREST ATC ENVIRONMENTAL AIRPORT CLOSURE RUNWAY CLOSURE START-UP/PUSHBACK CLEARENCE DELAY (LOCAL ATC) LOST FLIGHT PLAN BY ATC CONSTRUCTION WORK/MAINTENENCE OTHER

AIRCRAFT ROTATION, late arrival of aircraft from another flight Z Y X W V U

EUROCONTROL

OUTSIDE AIRCRAFT LIMITS OUTSIDE CREW LIMITS ETOPS

LATE ARRIVAL DUE DEPARTURE DELAY AT PREVIOUS STATION LATE ARRIVAL DUE ENROUTE DELAY LATE ARRIVAL DUE DELAY AFTER LANDING LATE ARRIVAL DUE TO HIGH DEMAND FOR DESTINATION STATION LATE ARRIVAL DUE TO WEATHER AT DESTINATION LATE ARRIVAL DUE TO TECHNICAL REASONS

21

CODA


Quarter 1 2013

G. CODA Coverage Of Commercial Flights in the ECAC Region

EUROCONTROL

22

CODA