Comparative preventive efficacy of oral systemic vs

0 downloads 0 Views 229KB Size Report
Background: This study was designed to compare the pre- ventive efficacy of a ... permethrin, pyriproxyfen, DPP) and an oral systemic (Bravecto, flu- ralaner, F) ...
390

Abstracts / International Journal of Infectious Diseases 73S (2018) 3–398

Results: Altogether, seven suspected cases were line-listed. The mean age was 33.9 ± 18.2 years and four (57.1%) were males. Four (57.1%) of the cases presented with sore throat, cough and difficulty in breathing. Two of the suspected influenza patients tested positive for Flu B while none was confirmed positive for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza or any other Influenza A sub-type. One of the suspected cases confirmed eating under-cooked poultry products. Conclusion: Influenza B detected in the suspected patients is a common seasonal flu among humans and was not likely to have come from AI-infected birds. There was probably no human case in this recent outbreak of AI in Plateau State. We sensitized poultry attendants on the need for improvement in infection prevention and control measures. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.4296 UMP. 825 Comparative preventive efficacy of oral systemic vs. topical repellent ectoparasiticides against early Babesia canis transmission in dogs within 8 h of infestation by pre-fed male Dermacentor reticulatus M. Varloud 1,∗ , J. Liebenberg 2 , J.J. Fourie 2 1 2

Ceva, Libourne, France Clinvet International, Bloemfontein, South Africa

Background: This study was designed to compare the preventive efficacy of a topical repellent (Vectra 3D, dinotefuran, permethrin, pyriproxyfen, DPP) and an oral systemic (Bravecto, fluralaner, F) ectoparasiticide against the rapid transmission of Babesia canis to dogs by pre-fed male Dermacentor reticulatus ticks. Methods & Materials: The study was controlled, parallel, unicentre and approved by an ethics committee. Twenty-one dogs were allocated to 3 groups based on gender and body weight: a control untreated group (n = 7), a DPP treated group (n = 7) and a F treated group (n = 7). The treatments were administered on day -28. Three donor sheep were infested on day -4 with Babesia canis infected male and uninfected female ticks and allowed to feed for 88 h. The ticks were detached on day 0 and immediately infested on dogs for 8 h before tick removal. The dogs were maintained under clinical surveillance and blood samples were collected for blood smear and PCR analysis. Results: Early transmission within 8 h of infestation by prefed ticks was confirmed in the control group with 5 out of 7 dogs infected. Infection occurred in only one dog from the DPP-treated group while 5 out of 7 dogs were infected in the F-treated group. When compared to untreated dogs, DPP treated dogs had 5 times less risk to develop an infection. On the contrary, no protection was offered by the oral systemic product (F). All the infected dogs were positive to blood smear and PCR. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the preventive efficacy of DPP against the early transmission of B. canis by pre-fed male D. reticulatus in dogs. The oral systemic product failed to provide any protection to the dogs. In natural situations where the history of ticks is unknown, no minimal transmission time can be established. Therefore, a multi-modal strategy of prevention based on tick antiattachment (repellency) with DPP is recommended. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.4297

UMP. 826 A new biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring of effectiveness of therapy of Brucellosis H. Saxena Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Veterinary Microbiology, Ludhiana, India Background: Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease causing huge economic losses to livestock industry and human sufferings worldwide. Current treatment of bovine Brucellosis is ineffective and infected animals become carriers. Brucella abortus Strains S19, producing antibody alone and RB51, inducing cell mediated immunity only, are used as live attenuated vaccines. However, antibody alone is ineffective for the intracellular pathogen and RB51 is Rifampicin resistant. Both strains can infect humans and cause abortions in animals. Phage lysed bacteria are harmless and retain maximum immunogenicity than conventional killing. Methods & Materials: We did immunotherapy of bovine Brucellosis by phage lysates of RB51 (RL) and S19 (SL). A single subcutaneous injection of 2 ml of lysates SL alone or RL alone or cocktail lysate (both RL and SL) was given to brucellosis affected cattle. Antibody titers, interferon gamma production and plasma RNA levels were monitored in the treated and untreated animals at various intervals upto 90 days. Results: The SL induced antibody and RL stimulated CMI. In vitro restimulation of leukocytes from RL immunized cattle induced interferon gamma. A single subcutaneous dose of 2 ml of cocktail lysate (both RL and SL), eliminated live Brucella from Brucellosis affected cattle in 3 months with Brucella specific 223 bp amplicon undetectable in plasma by RT-PCR and blood negative for live Brucella by culture by 90 day postimmunization. Conclusion: We have successfully used plasma RNA specific for live Brucella abortus as a biomarker of Brucella for accurate diagnosis and monitoring of the efficacy of immunotherapy of Brucellosis by phage lysed Brucella abortus S19 and RB51 (lysates). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.4298 UMP. 827 Early Babesia canis transmission in dogs within 24 h and within 8 h of infestation by male Dermacentor reticulatus ticks detached from sheep or dog M. Varloud 1,∗ , J. Liebenberg 2 , J.J. Fourie 2 1 2

Ceva, Libourne, France Clinvet International, Bloemfontein, South Africa

Background: This study was designed to assess the transmission of Babesia canis to dogs by pre-fed male Dermacentor reticulatus ticks within 8 or 24 h of infestation. Methods & Materials: The experiment was conducted in two steps. In a first trial, donor dogs and donor sheep were infested with Babesia canis infected male and uninfected female Dermacentor reticulatus ticks for 72 h. Attached ticks were subsequently removed, infested on new host dogs and were allowed to attached and feed before removal at 24 h after infestation. In a second trial, the experiment was repeated but the first infestation period was extended to 88 h and the second infestation period with the removed fed ticks shortened to only 8 h on host dogs. The dogs were maintained under clinical surveillance and blood samples were collected for blood smear, IFA and PCR analysis.