Contact and conflict in Australia - Doryanthes

Contents

Chapter 10 Contact and Conflict in Australia 10.1 Contact: the language 10.3 Aboriginal people Review Contact and conflict in Australia review

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Worksheet 10.1

Chapter 10 Contact and Conflict in Australia

Contact: the language

During the early years of the settlement at Sydney Cove many of the Aboriginal people and the Europeans were friendly towards each other. Governor Phillip had been instructed to make sure that the colonists treated the Aboriginal people with kindness and did not disturb their way of life. He expected that his soldiers, as well as the convicts, would do the same. Unfortunately, this was not always the case. As Phillip himself wrote on 9 July 1788, ‘I am still persuaded the natives were not the aggressors’. The Aboriginal people who lived along the coastal area of Sydney were the Eora people of the Bidjigal group. The earliest written records we have of the Eora were recorded by some of the officers of the First Fleet who were interested in learning the language and customs of the Aboriginal people. The result is that we have been left with useful descriptions and drawings of the Eora people, their language and culture. Some of the Eora people, like Bennelong, learned to speak, as well as read and write, English. One young Eora woman called Patyegarang became friends with Lieutenant William Dawes, the astronomer of the First Fleet. Patyegarang and Dawes were able to communicate: she taught him her language and he taught her to speak and read English. Dawes recorded Eora words and their English translations in his notebooks that still survive today. His records of their conversations show that both were interested in understanding each other’s culture. Patyegarang told Dawes that she was happy to learn from him because he was kind and he gave her food without her having to ask. Patyegarang clearly communicated to Dawes the feelings of the Eora people about the British settlement. She told Dawes that the Eora people were angry because the colonists had settled on their land. She also said that they were afraid of their guns.

I [Dawes] told her [Patyegarang] that a whiteman had been wounded some days ago when coming from Kadi to Warang and asked her why the black men did it… [She said,] ‘Because they are angry’. ‘Why are they angry?’, [I said.] ‘Because the white men are settled here’, [she replied.] William Dawes

Here are some of the words and conversations recorded by the First Fleeters:

Tyera barr bowar yaou

I shall not become white.

This was said by Patyegarang after I [Dawes] told her if she would wash herself often, she would become white… William Dawes

Kanguroo, was a name unknown to them for any animal, until we introduced it. When I showed Colbee the cows brought out in the Gorgon [ship] he asked me if they were ‘kanguroos’? Watkin Tench, 1791

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© Pearson Education Australia 2002. This page from Longman History 9 Worksheets may be photocopied for classroom use.

Glossary Talla-wo-la-data?

Where the hospital stands

Tarra-gara-guy

Where the fisherman’s hut is

Gnahn Chiara, gnahn? We-roong

What is your name?

scar on the back

Co-e, Cow-e, Cwoi, Cowana. Warre-me-warre?

Where have you been?

Woroo-woroo! Beanah

Come here.

Go away! the governor

Mul-la

a man

Wur-ra

a rat

Mur-ra-ong

emu

•

Imagine that you are William Dawes and you are recording a conversation you are having with Patyegarang.

•

Use the words and expressions provided above to help you write down the conversation.

•

Include in Patyegarang’s account the following information: a

What life was like for the Eora people of Sydney Cove before the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788.

b The reaction of the Eora people when they saw the Europeans landing in Sydney Cove and settling. c

How life has changed for the Eora people since the arrival of the Europeans.

d Patyegarang’s feelings about what has happened to her people and their land.

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Worksheet 10.3

Aboriginal people

1

Find the names of the Aboriginal people that are hidden in the word puzzle.

2

Write a description of their activities and achievements in the spaces provided. You will need to do some research

G Y Y U W L U M E I

G D

N

I

I

J

P

P

K R

Aboriginal people Bennelong

Paddy

Colbee

Pemulwuy

B K

I

K U A D

G

J

I

L

A H O A Q W

I

R G E

R

Galmarra

Truganini

N A L Q E

R

Gringai

Wik

Jandamarra

Wylie Yagan

N D P

N G B

F

L

A N R G R

P

E M F

I

R

E A

G B A

X

F

E A N Y A U L M

Kulin

U R G

I

D B

Nemarluk

G

I

P

N A

F

O L

R G L N R C Z V E G C A T Y A T V E X R V B A G W J

B K U L

M D D

I

R A M E N N

E W A F

O W F

V

Bennelong

Colbee

Galmarra

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Gringai

Jandamarra

Kulin

Nemarluk

Paddy

Pemulwuy

Truganini

49


Wik

Wylie

Yagan

50


ANSWERS to Worksheet 10.3

Aboriginal people

G Y Y U W L U M E I

G D

N

I

I

J

P

K R

B K

I

K U A D

G

J

I

L

A H O A Q W

I

R G E

R

N A L Q E

R

N D P

N G B

F

L

A N R G R G

P

I

P

E M F

I

R

E A

G B A

X

F

E A N Y A U L M

U R G

I

D B

P

N A

F

O L

R G L N R C Z V E G C A T Y A T V E X R V B A G W J

B K U L

M D D

51

I

R A M E N N

E W A F

O W F

V


Chapter 10

Review: Contact and Conflict

Complete the following questions to review the chapter. 1

Write a definition for each of the following:

2

a

colonialism

b

dispossession

c

terra nullius

d

paternalism

Arrange these events in correct chronological order by numbering them from 1 to 5:

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a

The Myall Creek massacre ____________

b

Willem Jansz becomes the first recorded European to land in Australia. ____________

c

Federation: Commonwealth of Australia formed ____________

d

Captain James Cook sails along the east coast of Australia. ____________

e

Captain Arthur Phillip and the First Fleet settle at Sydney Cove. ____________


3

Explain in your own words how these events affected the Aboriginal people of Australia:

53

a

The establishment of the British colony at Sydney Cove

b

Governor Lachlan Macquarie’s plan to ‘civilise’ the Aboriginal people

c

The establishment of the Native Police

d

The Myall Creek massacre in 1838

e

The work of George Augustus Robinson in Tasmania


4

Carefully read the following statements and indicate whether they are True (T) or False (F).

5

a

Torres Strait islanders are the same as the Aboriginal people of mainland Australia.

b

The British set up a colony at Sydney Cove in 1770.

c

Captain James Cook was the first governor of New South Wales.

d

Pemulwuy was an Aboriginal warrior who resisted the attacks of the colonists.

e

The idea of terra nullius meant that Aboriginal people had no claim to the land.

f

Governor Phillip tried to treat the Aboriginal people well but found that the convicts disobeyed his orders.

g

Governor Macquarie refused to allow Aboriginal people to be ‘civilised’.

h

Augustus Robinson was able to save the Tasmanian Aborigines by taking them to Flinders Island.

Explain how the Aboriginal people have resisted the occupation of their land by European settlers. Give at least three examples to support your explanation.

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Chapter 10 Review: Colonial Australia–ANSWERS

2

4

55

b

1 Willem Jansz becomes the first recorded European to land in Australia (1606)

d

2 Captain James Cook sails along the east coast of Australia (1770)

e

3 Captain Arthur Phillip and the First Fleet settle at Sydney Cove (1788)

a

4 The Myall Creek massacre (1838)

c

5 Federation: Commonwealth of Australia formed (1901)

a

F

b

F

c

F

d

T

e

T

f

T

g

F

h

F
