Defining Social, News, and Political Posts ...

Defining Social, News, and Political Posts Appendices 1

Supplemental Appendices for: Blurred Lines: Defining Social, News, and Political Posts on Facebook

By: Emily K. Vraga George Mason University

Leticia Bode Georgetown University

Anne-Bennett Smithson George Mason University

Sonya Troller-Renfree University of Maryland

Appendix 1: Full text and descriptive statistics for simulated Facebook posts Appendix 1.A: Social statuses Appendix 1.B: Social pictures Appendix 1.C: Social links Appendix 1.D: News statuses Appendix 1.E: News pictures Appendix 1.F: News links Appendix 1.G: Democratic statuses Appendix 1.H: Democratic links Appendix 1.I: Republican statuses Appendix 1.J: Republican links Appendix 1.K: Independent statuses Appendix 1.L: Independent links Appendix 1.M: Sample posts References



Appendix 1.A: Social statuses Text

Agreement on Purpose

Political Purpose

News Purpose

Social Purpose

Other Purpose

92.1%

Agreeme nt on Stance 89.5%

Going in to campus today even though I have no classes. I have an exam to study for and a research paper to start. Missing last school year. My professors were awesome, the Nats made it to the playoffs, there was a lot less rain and a lot more barbequeing Six baskets of clean clothes sitting in my bedroom – unsorted and starting to wrinkle. Apparently the roomie is really good at laundry! Bags packed, movie downloaded, and wheels up in three hours - Portland and Seattle, here we come. Hitting up the gym after being at work all day. Feeling wiped out but you know what they say - No pain no gain. Thanks to everyone who came out last night to celebrate the big 2-2 with me! Best night ever - Can’t believe I’m getting so old. 5 years of coaching kids’ soccer has got to give me an edge on mentoring kids at my camp counselor gig this summer. We’ll see! Just found out that my sister is having a baby! Boy or girl, I see some awesome Chuck Taylors and Air Jordan’s in that baby’s future. Throw-back video game night: Mario Kart and Smash Brothers. Victory will be mine! Well after a long day "old faithful" let me down. I think its time for a new car.

2.6%

0%

92.1%

5.3%

92.3%

84.6%

0%

7.7%

92.3%

0%

94.9%

84.6%

0%

2.6%

94.9%

2.6%

92.5%

87.5%

2.5%

2.5%

92.5%

2.5%

90.5%

88.1%

2.4%

4.8%

90.5%

2.4%

90.0%

82.5%

2.5%

5.0%

90.0%

2.5%

90.0%

82.5%

2.5%

7.5%

90.0%

0%

90.0%

90.0%

5.0%

0%

90.0%

5.0%

87.5% 90.0%

90.0% 85.0%

0% 5.0%

5.0% 0%

87.5% 90.0%

7.5% 5.0%

First pet peeve of the phone. I hate that you swipe anywhere on the screen and it opens the phone. It opens every time I sit down. Great show last night. Mumford and Sons killed it. Can’t wait to rock at Wolf Trap next weekend when my buddy’s in town. Trying to round up some folks for a kickball leagues this season – guys AND girls are welcome. Hit me up if you want a spot Mean Standard deviation

80.0%

77.5%

7.5%

2.5%

80.0%

10.0%

85.0%

85.0%

5.0%

7.5%

85.0%

2.5%

81.0%

83.3%

7.1%

4.8%

81.0%

7.1%

91.0% 2.0

86.4% 2.9


Appendix 1.B: Social pictures Text Walking around the aquarium and definitely ready for Shark Week! Can it be August already? My brother and his wife walking in the park. Thought the lighting was really cool in this pic. Folks were taking it easy before I showed up and dominated all over the bumper car floor. Holla! Apparently we weren't the only ones enjoying the nature trail today. Love seeing the wildlife just outside DC! My roommates really outdid themselves this time. Too pretty to eat? No way! Gotta love office birthdays, especially when they come with delicious treats for the entire floor! Food? Check. Sunscreen? Check. Awesome beach house? Check. Let the good times roll! Perfect day for a zoo trip. Is it just me or does that lion look hungry? Thankful for the huge stone wall between us! I can't believe we finally made it! Amazing day for a hike, but glad I am wearing comfortable shoes. Such great day trips here in the DC area. Hitting up Mt. Vernon while my parents are in town! Mean Standard deviation

Agreement on Purpose 81.0%

Agreement on Stance 85.7%

Political Purpose 4.8%

News Purpose 9.5%

Social Purpose 81.0%

Other Purpose 4.8%

95.2%

85.7%

0%

0%

95.2%

4.8%

89.8%

87.8%

2.4%

0%

87.8%

9.8%

85.4%

83.9%

2.4%

4.9%

85.4%

7.3%

88.4%

88.4%

2.3%

0%

88.4%

9.3%

83.3%

83.3%

2.4%

2.4%

83.3%

11.9%

90.7%

88.4%

0%

2.3%

90.7%

7.0%

88.4%

95.4%

2.3%

2.3%

88.4%

7.0%

90.7%

83.7%

4.7%

0%

90.7%

4.7%

90.0%

80.0%

5.0%

2.5%

90.0%

2.5%

88.1% 4.1

86.1% 4.2


Appendix 1.C: Social links Text Nom Nom Nom – Delicious. Who’s ready to book flights to the Great State of Texas?




News Purpose 2.3%


Other Purpose 34.1%

12 Texas Snacks We Can't Live Without http://yestotexas.com/12-texas-snacks-we-cant-live-without/ Who’s ready for lunch? I hope the Korean BBQ truck shows up today – the best by far!

66.7%

78.6%

2.4%

19.1%

66.7%

11.9%

Food Truck Fiesta - a real-time automated DC food truck tracker http://foodtruckfiesta.com/ After finishing Game of Thrones and Ender's Game, I've been looking for a sci-fi fix.

69.0%

88.1%

2.4%

16.7%

69.1%

11.9%

61.0%

92.7%

2.4%

22.0%

61.0%

14.6%

Tips for treating excessive sweating http://www.foxnews.com/health/2013/02/19/sweaty-all-time-here-are-some-treatments/ I wish my mom had read this before those 12 years of piano lessons that never worked.

68.3%

87.8%

0%

17.1%

68.3%

14.6%

Stop forcing your kids to learn a musical instrument http://www.newrepublic.com/article/114733/stop-forcing-your-kids-learn-musicalinstrument This is a pretty funny quiz. I mean, come on, who doesn’t want to be a Baldwin?

47.6%

81.0%

2.4%

11.9%

47.6%

38.1%

Which Baldwin are you? http://www.buzzfeed.com/joannaborns/which-baldwin-are-you# These look delicious and gluten free. I know what we are making this weekend!

71.4%

83.3%

7.1%

4.8%

71.4%

16.7%

72.1%

86.1%

9.3%

11.6%

72.1%

7.0%

It's time to start reading hard science fiction again http://io9.com/its-time-to-start-reading-hard-science-fiction-again-1464532911 If this summer was like last summer, I think I might need to invest in some of these antisweating tricks.

Perfect chocolate chip cookies (that happen to be gluten-free) http://eatocracy.cnn.com/2014/03/03/perfect-chocolate-chip-cookies-that-happen-to-begluten-free/ No way I'd rather spend a Saturday afternoon than crawling under barbed wire and running through the mud. #ToughMudder


2014 Capital Region https://toughmudder.com/events/2014-capital-region The more I know about In-N-Out Burger the more I want to take a trip to the West Coast and have a triple triple animal style. 13 things you didn't know about In-N-Out Burger http://www.thrillist.com/eat/los-angeles/13-things-you-didn-t-know-about-in-n-outburger-thrillist-los-angeles Ready to invest in a sick backpack now that summer hiking is coming up in a few months. Editors' Picks: Backpacks for every lifestyle http://www.thrillist.com/travel/nation/best-backpacks Definitely need to invest in this since everything I currently do seems to attract, not repel those suckers.

76.2%

83.3%

2.4%

11.9%

76.2%

9.5%

71.4%

88.1%

2.4%

19.1%

71.4%

7.1%

31.8%

86.4%

2.3%

56.8%

31.8%

9.1%

38.1%

90.5%

0%

21.4%

38.1%

40.5%

19.5%

82.9%

9.8%

39.0%

19.5%

31.7%

66.3% 8.3

85.1% 4.2

New Mosquito Repellent Made, “Better Than Anything Else.” http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/09/130917-mosquitoes-repellent-insectsscience-nation-bugspray/?utm_source=Facebook&utm_medium=Social&utm_content=link_fb20130918ne ws-bugspray&utm_campaign=Content Ah, Paris during its great transformation. Who wouldn’t want to walk those 19th century streets. The Glories of 19th Century Paris http://www.slate.com/blogs/behold/2014/02/26/photos_document_paris_modernization_i n_the_exhibition_charles_marville_photographer.html Great site with tips on staying professional yet chic. Not sure about the year-round white jeans though. www.caphillstyle.com Mean Standard deviation


Appendix 1.D: News statuses Text

Just saw on TMZ that a Chinese billionaire is building his own "Hollywood" in China including the world's only fixed underwater studio. A new report by NIH shows new cases of HIV have plummeted since 2001 with further decreases expected. Awesome! Hey Orange line riders – the WMATA website says they’re single tracking from Rosslyn to Ballston so get ready to wait. Just saw on Forbes that home prices are on the rise. DC was top of the list. Is this creating a new housing bubble? Mashable article said new Google algorithm will change search as we know it. Don’t Scroogle me! BBC reporting that a Swiss International pilot flew over Mt. Fuji with a homemade jetpack! Sounds like the Rocketeer in real life! According to Entertainment Tonight, Celebrity Moms are buying their girls $65,000 baby cribs. Talk about a silver spoon. A breaking news report on my phone said that 5 convenience stores have been robbed in the last week. What is wrong with this city? Watching SportCenter last night and saw that yet another baseball player has tested positive for PED. What an American past-time. That story on Reddit - Chihuahua feces cause public health hazard in Arizona. They weigh like a pound – how much shit can they make? My sociology professor said researchers visiting native speakers of 10 different languages found the word “Huh?” in every single language! Turns out, legal marijuana in Colorado is making tons of money for the state, according to Huffington Post. #MovingtoColorado New York Times article said seven more cities are considering bankruptcy after the Fed bailed out Detriot. Can I declare and get some cash? Mean Standard deviation




News Purpose 67.5%

Social Purpose 7.5%

Other Purpose 17.5%

82.1%

76.9%

7.7%

82.1%

5.1%

5.1%

69.2%

74.4%

5.1%

69.2%

23.1%

2.6%

85.0%

75.0%

7.5%

85.0%

5.0%

2.5%

75.0%

87.5%

5.0%

75.0%

15.0%

5.0%

82.1%

82.1%

5.1%

82.1%

10.3%

2.6%

80.0%

90.0%

0%

80.0%

7.5%

12.5%

82.5%

77.5%

7.5%

82.5%

7.5%

2.5%

77.5%

82.5%

5.0%

77.5%

10.0%

7.5%

72.5%

75.0%

5.0%

72.5%

12.5%

10.0%

22.0%

82.9%

4.9%

22.0%

63.4%

9.8%

65.0%

50.0%

32.5%

65.0%

2.5%

0%

67.5%

37.5%

30.0%

67.5%

2.5%

0%

77.3% 6.0

79.3% 5.9


Appendix 1.E: News pictures Text Construction on 395 is still out of control. Take another route or leave early today! Stoked to hear that more color races are coming to the DC area this summer. Let the training begin!i It's official! The Biergarten in my neighborhood has started its summer hours. Who's ready for a pitcher? Nationals season tickets are selling fast. Just got mine today and can't wait for the next game! Best Buy just put refrigerators on sale for the next month. Thinking about making a purchase for the new condo. Advice? The Washington Post says home prices are expected to rise another 10% this summer in DC. Guess my neighbor is taking advantage. Wolftrap just announced seven new concerts for their summer series. Better save up my money! The local news says DC students might be in session until June. Better keep those school busses rolling.ii Heard on The Today Show that kids should be encouraged to write with both hands, so I picked up these left/right crayons for my niece. Trying to catch a cab since all trains are single tracking at L'Efant. Wish me luck! iii The Takorean truck is at Farragut today. Anyone want to meet for a lunch of delicious spiciness? Mean Standard deviation




News Purpose 53.5%


Other Purpose 9.3%

38.1%

76.2%

4.8%

38.1%

50.0%

7.1%

21.4%

85.7%

0%

21.4%

71.4%

7.1%

16.7%

76.2%

4.8%

16.7%

71.4%

7.1%

18.6%

90.7%

4.7%

18.6%

69.8%

7.0%

61.9%

69.1%

7.1%

61.9%

23.8%

7.1%

41.5%

85.4%

0%

41.5%

51.2%

7.3%

90.2%

58.5%

2.4%

90.2%

2.4%

4.9%

39.0%

80.5%

4.9%

39.0%

51.2%

4.9%

16.7% 11.6%

95.2% 86.0%

0% 0%

16.7% 11.6%

81.0% 82.7%

2.4% 4.7%

39.8% 23.8

79.0% 10.9


Appendix 1.F: News links Text What a strange story. People lose their minds when it comes to money and wills. I bet they make a movie out of this. Tentative Deal in Feud Over Will of an Heiress http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/21/nyregion/tentative-deal-in-feud-over-will-ofhuguette-clark.html?_r=0 You expect me to be OK with a legless lizard? Sorry. Still sounds like a snake to me. Legless lizard discovered near LAX (and no, it's not a snake) http://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-the-kooky-animal-stories2013-201312-002-photo.html Definitely on board with the idea of tilt-a-whirl planets, as long as Earth doesn’t decide to join the party. Astronomers discover strange tilt-a-whirl planets http://www.nbcnews.com/science/space/tilt-whirl-planets-throw-astronomers-loopf8C11416067 Another way to make baseball longer. That's just exactly what the game needs. MLB approves expanded replay for 2014 http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/2013/11/14/mlb-expanded-replay-2014bud-selig/3529545/ It looks like I might need to switch over to the credit union once I move back home. Paying for checks seems crazy. Free checking: Disappearing at banks, alive at credit unions http://money.cnn.com/2014/03/03/pf/free-checking/ I hope this isn't for real - I always thought pilots made bank and got all the ladies! Why airlines are running out of pilots - Fortune Management http://fortune.com/2014/03/03/why-airlines-are-running-out-of-pilots/ Breaking research on testing for schizophrenia. I have a few relatives they can test it on.




News Purpose 65.1%


Other Purpose 11.6%

62.8%

81.4%

2.3%

62.8%

23.3%

11.6%

76.2%

80.5%

4.8%

76.2%

4.8%

14.3%

78.6%

95.2%

2.4%

78.6%

7.1%

11.9%

57.1%

73.8%

9.5%

57.1%

28.6%

4.8%

79.1%

81.4%

0%

79.1%

14.0%

7.0%

63.4%

87.8%

2.4%

63.4%

29.3%

4.9%


How Can a Blood Test Tell if You're Schizophrenic? http://www.slate.com/articles/video/video/2014/03/blood_test_for_schizophrenia_ne w_diagnosis_method_could_launch_in_2015_or.html Even more reason to keep calm and carry on. Sometimes that can be pretty hard with these DC drivers I have to deal with every day. Angry outbursts boost risk of heart attacks, stroke http://www.cbc.ca/news/health/angry-outbursts-boost-risk-of-heart-attacks-stroke1.2559343 Another lame effort to make kickers relevant in football. Never gonna happen. NFL Discussing 42-Yard Extra Point http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/football/nfl-mulls-making-42-yard-extra-pointsarticle-1.1709834 If escargot goes extinct, what are the French going to serve to scare Americans into asking for the English version of the menu? Escargot could follow the dido, scientists warn http://news.discovery.com/animals/endangered-species/escargot-could-follow-thedodo-scientists-warn-140304.htm Maybe I need this to prepare for finals this year. That perfect GPA may be within reach after all! Don’t Mock Speed-Reading Apps. They Are Life-Changing http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2014/03/03/spritz_spreeder_rsvp_technolog y_speed_reading_apps_are_amazing.html I guess I shouldn’t have made fun of my grandpa's metal detector at the beach. There are treasures to be found after all! Shilling Discovery Could Re-Write Canadian History https://uk.news.yahoo.com/shilling-discovery-could-rewrite-canadian-history080950584.html Mean Standard deviation

55.3%

63.8%

6.4%

55.3%

27.7%

10.6%

72.1%

90.7%

2.3%

72.1%

14.0%

11.6%

63.4%

85.4%

4.9%

63.4%

17.1%

14.6%

31.8%

84.1%

2.3%

31.8%

61.4%

4.5%

47.6%

81.0%

2.4%

47.6%

40.5%

9.5%

67.3% 8.6

82.2% 8.8


Appendix 1.G: Democratic statuses Text Glad to see that Democrats are continuing to fight the good fight against North Carolina's restrictive voting laws Three more Democratic Senators came out in favor of gay marriage. Glad to be on the right side of history. Texas needs a Democrat for Governor, especially an awesome lady like Wendy Davis Let's continue to Stand With Wendy. I can't wait to see Hillary Clinton speak in my hometown this weekend. She is such an inspiration to young Democrats and women everywhere! Just read Gabby Gifford's proposal for gun control. Thank goodness Democrats are trying to keep guns out of our schools. Why has Chris Christie vetoed three gun control bills, even though they were supported by the NJ public? Typical Republicans. John Boehner: Joke of the Republican Party. He calls himself a leader, but he can't even control his own party. Republicans are ridiculous. They block all legislation, they shut down the government, and now this. Republican Senators are trying to close more Planned Parenthoods. Good luck getting the women's vote in 2016! Paul Ryan collected social security in high school. Typical Republican - saying he's against handouts except for him. President Obama is awesome - he just signed a bill to protect the military men and women to make sure they are taken care of. Laughing at the Rubio/Cruz versus McConnell Cornyn fight. Looks like the Republicans are imploding -and fast! With all the help that Bill Clinton is giving Obama, POTUS is going to be in a tight spot when deciding whether to endorse Hilary or Joe for 2016. Mean Standard deviation




News Purpose 0%

Social Purpose 0%

Other Purpose 2.5%

86.8%

84.2%

86.8%

2.6%

7.9%

2.6%

95.0%

92.5%

95.0%

0%

2.5%

2.5%

89.7%

92.3%

89.7%

2.6%

7.7%

0%

92.3%

97.4%

92.3%

2.6%

5.1%

0%

94.9%

89.7%

94.9%

2.6%

0%

2.6%

89.7%

82.1%

89.7%

0%

5.1%

5.1%

90.0%

95.0%

90.0%

2.5%

7.5%

0%

95.0%

100.0%

95.0%

2.5%

2.5%

0%

92.7%

82.9%

92.7%

2.4%

2.4%

2.4%

84.2%

81.6%

84.2%

10.5%

2.6%

2.6%

89.7%

76.9%

89.7%

7.7%

2.6%

0%

97.5%

65.0%

97.5%

0%

2.5%

0%

92.4% 3.27

90.4% 6.18


Appendix 1.H: Democratic links Text Republicans say America is a deadbeat nation. They must be spending too much time looking in the mirror Obama: The US is not a deadbeat nation http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/obama-the-us-not-deadbeat-nation-0 I love Hilary Clinton's commitment to supporting and promoting women around the world. We need more strong leaders like her. Hilary 2016! Hillary Clinton pushes for women on the world stage - Katie Glueck http://www.politico.com/story/2013/11/hillary-clinton-women-world-stage-nationaldefense-university-foundation-gala-99907.html Republican John Boehner needs to just go away. I am so sick and tired of Republican hate. How dare he help this anti-gay group! Boehner gives anti-gay group a hand http://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/boehner-gives-anti-gay-group-hand Republicans are fighting against themselves and it's pretty funny to watch. Down with the Tea Party! Brewing GOP Brawls Bedevil Party Unity http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/16/gop-tea-party_n_4287733.html Dingell just announced! Glad to see a good candidate running to keep this seat in Democratic hands. Debbie Dingell bids to keep congressional seat in family hands http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2014/02/28/debbie-dingell-bids-to-keepcongressional-seat-in-family-hands/ At least Democrats continue to look out for the rest of us, even though Republicans only care about the rich. Obama whacks GOP in campaign kickoff http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/obama-whacks-gop-campaign-kickoff Continue to be proud of Democrats and President Obama's high standards and ethics when it comes to campaign money.




News Purpose 2.5%

Social Purpose 0%

Other Purpose 0%

95.2%

83.3%

95.2%

2.4%

2.4%

0%

88.1%

85.7%

88.1%

7.1%

4.8%

0%

95.2%

85.7%

95.2%

2.4%

2.4%

0%

97.7%

93.0%

97.7%

0%

2.3%

0%

97.6%

95.1%

97.6%

0%

0%

2.4%

97.7%

81.4%

97.7%

0%

2.3%

0%


Organizing for Action fires fundraiser over dubious donation http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2014/02/28/organizing-for-action-fires-fundraiserover-dubious-donation/ Get this man a beer! Joe Biden is awesome and hilarious. I hope he's our next president. Is there a double standard for political gaffes? http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2014/02/28/is-left-getting-pass-on-verbal-gaffes/ Republicans are addicted to money and shady high profile donors? No surprise there. Reid accuses GOP of Koch 'addiction' http://www.msnbc.com/politicsnation/watch/reid-accuses-gop-of-koch-addiction182427715635 Happy to see that Democrats are fighting against voting restrictions in Ohio. Everyone has the right to vote! Dems challenge Ohio voting restrictions http://www.msnbc.com/all-in/watch/dems-challenge-ohio-voting-restrictions180801091554 Democrats are taking over the world. 16 more seats will turn from Red to Blue. DCCC taps 16 pols for “Red to Blue” http://www.politico.com/story/2014/03/dccc-2014-elections-red-to-blue-104176.html This Republican might not even have been born in the United States and is running for Senate. What a joke. Dems want Mont. Politician’s birth certificate http://www.politico.com/story/2014/02/steve-daines-birth-certificate-montana103992.html At least one Republican has their head on straight. Why can't the rest of the GOP get on board? NC Republican: Obamacare ‘a great idea’ http://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/nc-republican-obamacare-great-idea Mean Standard deviation

97.6%

78.6%

97.6%

0%

0%

2.4%

92.7%

95.1%

92.7%

7.3%

0%

0%

90.2%

90.2%

90.0%

7.3%

2.4%

0%

90.5%

45.2%

90.5%

4.8%

2.4%

2.4%

86.1%

79.1%

86.1%

9.3%

2.3%

2.3%

83.2%

81.8%

83.2%

2.3%

4.6%

0%

95.0% 3.5

87.6% 5.7


Appendix 1.I: Republican statuses Text

Hey Republican ladies and gents - let's keep our fingers crossed to see Nikki Haley on the 2016 Presidential ticket. She's such an inspiration. Honored to meet John Boehner this weekend. He is such a great speaker and an awesome Republican leader. I'll try to get a picture! Proud that gun rights activists are standing strong in Maryland. Republicans, keep standing up for your Second Amendment Rights! Proud of Republicans for putting pressure on the White House to address all these problems with Obamacare roll-out. Republicans have a good change of winning the Senate this fall. Finally ready to see a Senate that represents me. Our national debt rises $3 million dollars a minute, thanks to all of the Democratic handouts, entitlements, and deadbeats. The Democrats' stimulus was such a waste. Did you know that $600,000 was spent to plant trees in Denver's ritziest neighborhoods?! Just saw that the White House is hosting Bisexual Visibility Day with a closed door event. Typical hypocritical Democrats. I'm not surprised. Worried about what's going to happen when Obamacare fully kicks in. I keep seeing that everyone is losing their insurance, and it's scary. So many Democrats aren't running for re-election in 2014. If they had any other job, they would have been fired long ago. Former Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice is in town. Everyone should come to the Young Republicans rally Saturday to see her. Mean Standard deviation




News Purpose 2.4%

Social Purpose 2.4%

Other Purpose 2.4%

76.9%

84.9%

76.9%

0%

20.5%

2.6%

92.5%

85.0%

92.5%

7.5%

0%

0%

92.5%

90.0%

92.5%

0%

5.0%

2.5%

97.4%

92.2%

97.4%

2.6%

0%

0%

97.3%

83.8%

97.3%

2.7%

0%

0%

87.8%

92.7%

87.8%

4.9%

4.9%

2.4%

92.7%

82.9%

92.7%

4.9%

2.4%

0%

82.5%

67.5%

82.5%

5.0%

10.0%

2.5%

97.4%

87.1%

97.4%

2.6%

0%

0%

73.12%

80.5%

73.2%

9.8%

12.2%

4.9%

91.0% 6.8

85.9% 7.5


Appendix 1.J: Republican links Text Didn’t know it was possible to be less popular than horrible policies like Obamacare. Gift to the GOP: Obama much less popular than his policies http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2014/02/28/gift-to-gop-obama-much-less-popularthan-his-policies/a much less popular than his policies Of course dirty Chicago politicians are supporting Hilary Clinton. Typical Democrat corruption at its finest. Rahm Emanuel: I'll back Hilary Clinton if she runs - Jose DelReal http://www.politico.com/story/2013/10/rahm-emanuel-hillary-clinton-99129.html I can't believe that Democrats are so anti-Israel and pro-Iran. John Kerry's antics are inexcusable.

Israeli minister 'astounded' by Kerry's remarks on Iran http://www.foxnews.com/world/2013/11/14/israeli-minister-astounded-by-kerryremarks-on-iran/ Looks like the Democrats and their cronies are out to buy some more elections. I wish I could say I was surprised. Planned Parenthood plots largest-ever campaign blitz in 2014 http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2014/02/27/planned-parenthood-plots-largest-evercampaign-blitz-in-2014/ Democrats and their double standards are about to ruin our country. It's time for some accountability in Washington. The 3 biggest liberal double standards http://theweek.com/article/index/257317/the-3-biggest-liberal-double-standards Proud of Republican Representative Ralph Hall. He is a veteran and continues to serve our country with honor.




News Purpose 7.3%

Social Purpose 4.9%

Other Purpose 0%

95.1%

75.6%

85.1%

2.4%

2.4%

0%

88.1%

85.7%

88.1%

7.1%

2.4%

2.4%

95.4%

74.4%

95.4%

2.3%

2.3%

0%

95.0%

92.5%

95.0%

2.5%

2.5%

0%

92.3%

84.6%

92.3%

2.6%

2.6%

2.6%

100.0%

95.2%

100%

0%

0%

0%

Ralph Hall, oldest rep, in toughest fight yet http://www.politico.com/story/2014/03/ralph-hall-oldest-congress-2014-election104188.html


Thankful that we will continue to have John Boehner in Washington fighting for Republicans. Boehner intends to stick around http://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/boehner-intends-stick-around Super excited to see how well the Republicans are doing in Florida! Keep it up!

95.2%

90.5%

95.2%

0%

2.4%

2.4%

Republican David Jolly beats Alex Sink in Florida special election http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2014/03/12/republican-david-jolly-beats-alex-sink-inflorida-special-election/ Glad to see that Republican Chris Christie is pulling it together to rally Republicans!

90.2%

90.2%

90.2%

9.8%

0%

0%

95.4%

83.7%

95.4%

2.3%

0%

2.3%

90.7%

37.2%

90.7%

7.0%

2.3%

0%

82.9%

90.2%

82.9%

4.9%

9.8%

2.4%

90.5%

85.7%

90.5%

4.8%

0%

4.8%

83.3%

66.7%

83.3%

9.5%

2.4%

4.8%

Christie pulls women voters from Hilary Clinton in Virginia http://www.msnbc.com/morning-joe/christie-pulls-women-voters-hillary Really hoping Republican Scott Brown throws his hat into the election cycle this goround. New Hampshire needs solid GOP leaders! Scott Brown's N.H. date 'a bit of a change' http://bostonherald.com/news_opinion/local_coverage/2014/03/scott_brown_s_nh_date_ a_bit_of_a_change Nancy Pelosi and her bullies are up to no good again. Time to serve her walking papers. #FirePelosi Nancy Pelosi: discharge decision coming soon http://www.politico.com/story/2014/03/nancy-pelosi-immigration-104245.html Proud of our Republican governors nationwide for taking care of our American citizens! Pro-Medicaid GOP governors well-placed for re-election http://www.politico.com/story/2014/02/2016-election-medicaid-republican-governors103892.html You better believe Republicans are ready for 2016! So excited to see what our party has in store. Which party is ready for 2016? http://crossfire.blogs.cnn.com/2014/03/10/which-party-is-ready-for-2016/ Glad Mike Huckabee is getting the credit he deserves. He is such a good man and wonderful leader.


Joe: Mike Huckabee is exactly right http://www.msnbc.com/morning-joe/watch/joe-mike-huckabee-is-exactly-right192939075618 Mean Standard deviation

93.5% 3.8

85.6% 6.9


Appendix 1.K: Independent statuses Text

Domestic abuse bill just passed Congress without a problem. Good to know both parties can work together when it counts. It seems like all the talk about climate change is just a bargaining chip that both sides are using to get their own way. I'm shocked that voters align themselves with either party, since both are so manipulative. I'm an Independent because I can think for myself. Both parties say they want to support our troops. Why are our soldiers still on food stamps? Why can't there be more compromise in Congress? It seems like both sides have really good ideas but refuse to listen to each other. No matter how you slice it, Congress is the only thing in DC more incompetent than the Redskins defense. Bipartisan committee created to reform immigration laws. Maybe we'll actually get something done? Americans keep slipping in math and science compared to the rest of the world. Republicans and Democrats should be making this a priority. Just once I'd like to turn on the Sunday morning shows and hear more than talking points from both parties. Polarization in Congress is at its highest levels since the Civil War. No surprise there. Hearing that Texas and Arizona might be swing states in 2016. Wonder how candidates will handle immigration? My state's government unanimously voted to repair a bridge in my hometown. Don’t care what side they're on, I'm glad they fixed it. Went to a political lunch on campus today and met candidates on both sides. Turns out politicans aren't all as crazy as I thought. Mean Standard deviation




News Purpose 10.5%

Social Purpose 5.3%

Other Purpose 2.6%

79.0%

76.3%

79.0%

10.5%

5.3%

5.3%

82.5%

82.5%

82.5%

5.0%

12.5%

0%

85.0% 89.7%

67.5% 82.1%

85.0% 89.7%

12.5% 5.1%

2.5% 2.6%

0% 2.6%

82.5%

80.0%

82.5%

12.5%

5.0%

0%

90.0%

77.5%

90.0%

5.0%

2.5%

2.5%

76.9%

92.3%

76.9%

18.0%

2.6%

2.6%

77.5%

90.0%

77.5%

2.5%

15.0%

5.0%

89.7% 87.5%

84.6% 67.5%

89.7% 87.5%

7.7% 5.0%

0% 7.5%

2.6% 0%

67.5%

84.6%

67.5%

20.0%

10.0%

2.5%

60.0%

85.0%

60.0%

2.5%

32.5%

5.0%

83.4% 5.0

82.5% 7.7


Appendix 1.L: Independent links Text

Are Bush and Obama the same? Maybe not, but this article kind of shows that they are. Check it out. 21 Reasons Why Barack Obama Is Just Like George Bush http://www.buzzfeed.com/bennyjohnson/21-reasons-obama-is-just-like-bush Would love to see more women on Presidential tickets! How about a Condoleezza Rice v. Hilary Clinton battle in 2016? Women Leaders Look Beyond The 'Glass Ceiling' http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2013/09/women-leaders-look-beyond-the-glassceiling/ Could there be a solution to gridlock?! Honestly, I will believe it when I see it. I still can’t believe all the fighting in Congress. The solution to partisan gridlock you didn't know existed http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2013/10/20/the-solution-to-partisangridlock-you-didnt-know-existed/ This is what we need in Congress. More compromise and working together to achieve goals that benefit everyone. Compromise in Arizona Defers a Solar Power Fight http://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/16/business/energy-environment/compromise-inarizona-defers-a-solar-power-fight.html Interested to see how these other bills play out. It seems like both sides are just using this proposed legislation to get attention.




News Purpose 11.9%

Social Purpose 4.8%

Other Purpose 7.1%

93.0%

58.1%

93.0%

4.7%

2.3%

0%

84.1%

81.8%

84.1%

6.9%

9.1%

0%

80.5%

85.4%

80.5%

17.1%

0%

2.4%

92.9%

76.2%

92.9%

4.8%

0%

2.4%

97.6%

80.5%

97.6%

2.4%

0%

0%

The other religious liberty bills Brewer killed http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/religious-liberty-bills-states The 2012 race had so many ups and downs - here's to hoping that the 2016 is mostly up, even though it looks pretty suspect right now. Why the 2016 Presidential Campaign Will Be the Worst Ever http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2014/02/_2016_presidential_r


ace_is_off_to_a_bad_start_scandals_and_partisan_attacks.html Both parties doing nothing. This seems like Washington in a nutshell. I wish both sides would put their pride on the shelf. Washington's New Bipartisan Consensus Is to Do Nothing at All http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2014/02/barack_obama_and_j ohn_boehner_meeting_democrats_and_republicans_are_content.html Is this really a surprise? Americans are tired of sleazy politicians on both sides of the aisle. Poll: Anti-incumbent feelings at an all-time high http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2014/03/04/poll-anti-incumbent-feelings-at-alltime-high/ We definitely need more bipartisan sheen here in Washington to ease some of this gridlock. A few Obama tax ideas have bipartisan sheen http://www.politico.com/story/2014/03/obama-tax-ideas-bipartisan-104257.html The Texas primaries should be interesting, for Democrats and Republicans alike. Texas, our Texas: Primary day arrives http://www.politico.com/story/2014/03/texas-primary-day-2014-104204.html Why is this study controversial? Our media is filled with pundits on both sides pushing their political agendas.

95.2%

88.1%

95.2%

2.4%

0%

2.4%

93.0%

93.0%

93.0%

4.7%

2.3%

0%

90.2%

58.5%

90.2%

4.9%

4.9%

0%

90.2%

87.8%

90.2%

9.8%

0%

0%

39.0%

46.3%

39.0%

56.1%

0%

4.9%

89.3% 6.9

77.9% 12.2

FCC quietly kills controversial newsroom study http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2014/02/28/fcc-quietly-kills-controversial-newsroomstudy/ Mean Standard deviation

Appendix 1.M: Sample Posts Sample Social Status

Sample News Link



Sample Social Picture

References i

The picture used in this post was Blair, G. (2012, September 10). Color me rad. Design mom. Retrieved from: http://www.designmom.com/2012/09/color-me-rad/ , CC. ii The picture used in this post was McKnight, E. (2014). School busses in a parking lot. Retrieved from http://www.shutterstock.com/en/pic.mhtml?id=155042309&pl=44814-43068, CC. iii The picture used in this post was Trull, A. (2013, January 14). Metro’s expansion plans include new tunnels. Transportation nation. Retrieved from:http://www.wnyc.org/story/284441-metros-expansion-plans-include-new-tunnels/, CC.