Abstract. Three important antigenic sites involved in virus neutralisation have been identified on polioviruses in mouse experiments. These sites are located at ...
3 Differences in the antibody responses to antigenic sites 1 and 3 of serotype 3 poliovirus after OPV or IPV vaccination and after natural exposure
Tineke Herremans, Johan Reimerink, Tjeerd Kimman, Harrie van der Avoort, Marion Koopmans
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Chapter 3 Abstract Three important antigenic sites involved in virus neutralisation have been identified on polioviruses in mouse experiments. These sites are located at the surface of the virion and have been designated antigenic sites 1, 2 and 3. The antibody response to antigenic site 1 of serotype 3 poliovirus is considered to be immunodominant in mice, but little is known about the immunogenicity of these sites in humans. It has been reported that trypsin, present in the intestinal fluids, can cleave serotype 3 polioviruses at precisely this immunologically important antigenic site, thereby altering its antigenic properties. In theory, therefore, the site-specific antibody response induced by intramuscularly-applied inactivated poliovaccine will differ from that induced by orally-administered live poliovirus that has been exposed to trypsin in the gut lumen. In the present study, we developed inhibition ELISA assays specific for (mouse) antigenic sites 1 and 3 in order to measure antibody responses to these sites in fully-vaccinated IPV (n=63) and OPV-recipients (n=63), and in naturally infected persons (n=25). We found that both sites are strongly immunogenic in humans. Similar levels of site-specific antibodies were found for sites 1 and 3 in naturally infected persons. Similar levels of antibodies to site 1 were detected in IPV and OPV vaccinees. However, significantly more OPV recipients (88.7%) had detectable antibodies to antigenic site 3 (p
