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Sep 23, 2015 -
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Disparities and Trends in Birth Outcomes, Perinatal and Infant Mortality in Aboriginal vs. Non-Aboriginal Populations: A PopulationBased Study in Quebec, Canada 1996–2010 Lu Chen1,2, Lin Xiao2,4, Nathalie Auger3,7, Jill Torrie4, Nancy Gros-Louis McHugh5, Hamado Zoungrana6, Zhong-Cheng Luo1,2* 1 Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China, 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, 3175 Cote-SainteCatherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada, 3 University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 4 Cree Board of Health and Social Services of James Bay, Mistissini, Quebec, G0W 1C0, Canada, 5 First Nations of Quebec and Labrador Health and Social Service Commission, Wendake, Quebec, G0A 4V0, Canada, 6 Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services, Kuujjuaq, Quebec, J0M1C0, Canada, 7 Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, H2P 1E2, Canada OPEN ACCESS Citation: Chen L, Xiao L, Auger N, Torrie J, McHugh NG-L, Zoungrana H, et al. (2015) Disparities and Trends in Birth Outcomes, Perinatal and Infant Mortality in Aboriginal vs. Non-Aboriginal Populations: A Population-Based Study in Quebec, Canada 1996– 2010. PLoS ONE 10(9): e0138562. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0138562 Editor: Aimin Chen, University of Cincinnati, UNITED STATES Received: July 10, 2015 Accepted: September 1, 2015

* [email protected]

Abstract Background Aboriginal populations are at substantially higher risks of adverse birth outcomes, perinatal and infant mortality than their non-Aboriginal counterparts even in developed countries including Australia, U.S. and Canada. There is a lack of data on recent trends in Canada.

Methods

Published: September 23, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: All data are available in the paper. Funding: This work was supported by a research grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR grant number MOP 106521). LC was partly supported by a research grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC grant number 81370742). LX was partly supported by the Cree Board of Health and Social Services of James Bay. The funders had no role in study design,

We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study (n = 254,410) using the linked vital events registry databases for singleton births in Quebec 1996–2010. Aboriginal (First Nations, Inuit) births were identified by mother tongue, place of residence and Indian Registration System membership. Outcomes included preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age, large-for-gestational-age, low birth weight, high birth weight, stillbirth, neonatal death, postneonatal death, perinatal death and infant death.

Results Perinatal and infant mortality rates were 1.47 and 1.80 times higher in First Nations (10.1 and 7.3 per 1000, respectively), and 2.37 and 4.46 times higher in Inuit (16.3 and 18.1 per 1000, respectively) relative to non-Aboriginal (6.9 and 4.1 per 1000, respectively) births (all p