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Blood and Body Fluids Evidence
From an archaeological perspective, numerous resources regarding the retrieval of blood and other types of trace evidence from historic and prehistoric contexts are included in this category. The compiler wishes to reinforce that evidence exposed to the elements, or deposited years prior to discovery may retain significant information capable of impacting the interpretation of a crime scene. Both here and in the sections of DNA Evidence and Stable Isotope Analyses, several citations may be found which should demonstrate for the crime scene investigator that assumptions should never be made that blood and body fluid evidence is completely obliterated from older scenes. Loy and Wood, (1989), is an early example of how blood evidence remained viable over thousands of years. That approximately 9000 year old evidence from Cayonu Tepesi in Turkey was initially realized using one of the most basic presumptive test for blood in most crime scene technicians' tool boxes Hemastix. Again, the section on DNA Evidence contains numerous citations expounding on work such as Loy and Wood. Analyses of prehistoric trace evidence is now common in archaeological and forensic literature. A large part of this section deals with the reconstruction of violent crime scenes based on the shape, size, and position of blood spatter, or blood stain, evidence. Primarily considered at indoor crime scenes, the same type of reconstruction could apply to outdoor scenes but becomes more difficult given the effects of weather, and substrate movement. Works such as those of MacDonnell, (1997); Bevel and Gardner, (2001); and James, Kish, and Sutton, (2003), have served to expose criminal investigators to the stories represented in patterns of what would appear to most of us as bloody Rorshak tests. Those same works and others included in this section should also demonstrate the pitfalls of interpreting blood stain evidence without adequate training, experience, and certification. Probably the the most cross-referenced citations in this section have to do with DNA research; however, the researcher is also directed to sections on Photography, Fingerprint, Ear Print, Lip Print, and Tattoo Evidence, Firearms and Toolmark Evidence, Shoe and Tire Impression Evidence, and General Crime Scene and Death Scene Investigation Topics, for techniques in recording blood pattern evidence and bloody transfers in form of patent and latent prints involving body and clothing segments. This section is divided into the following categories: Blood Stain Identification and Interpretation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Blood and Body Fluid Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Blood stains at the scene of a stabbing homicide
Blood Stain Identification and Interpretation Part science, part art, and mostly dependant on empirical research and extensive experience in crime scene reconstruction and analyses, blood stain pattern analysis has become a standard in the reconstruction of violent scenes. Although the principles of fluid dynamics and trigonometry behind blood spatter analysis are straightforward, the contexts of the resultant stains are what require forensic specialists with years of experience in a variety of scenes. Bloodstain characteristics are for the most part related to traumatic injuries. There are obviously natural and accidental sources of patterns but the crime scene investigator is most drawn to those resulting from violence. For the same reason, those who consult this bibliography might be interested in Section III, Taphonomy, sub-sections referencing Trauma. Those sub-sections on Photography as well as Surveying and Mapping contain references of use toward the proper measurement of crime scenes and their features. Because Blood stains do not occur in chronological or spatial vacuums, knowledge of crime scene dynamics are key. For that the reader is directed to General Crime Scene and Death Scene Investigations. Even the sub-section Entomology is related to Blood Stain Pattern Analysis. Fly excrement and insect tracking through blood is often mistaken for blood spatter upon first glance. (1581 citations) Aalders, Maurice C.G. 2010 Detecting, Recognizing and Aging of Bloodstains by Optical Spectroscopic Techniques. Abstract of a Presentation given at the IABPA Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 26(2):10-11. Aarts, Mijntje 2012 BPA Examination on Clothing in Light of the 'Right' Question. Abstract of a Presentation at the Fourth International IABPA Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, November 12-14. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(4):13. Acar, Kemalettin 2011 Turkish Forensic System and Recent Situation of BPA in Turkey. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 27(4):11. 2013
Necessity of BPA in Forensic Medicine Residency Education and Practice. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, San Diego, California, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 29(3-4):17.
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Adair, T.W. 1998 False Wave Cast-Off: Considering the Mechanism of Stain Formation. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis News, 14(1):2. (also cited as 14(3):1-8) 1999a
Recognition of Bloodstain Evidence in Historical Denver, Colorado. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis News, December, 15(3):1-3.
1999b
Considering the Target Surface in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: An Unusual Case of Blood Pooling. Journal of Forensic Identification, 49(5):485-493.
2005a
Casting Two-Dimensional Bloody Shoe Prints from Concrete, Fabric, and Human Skin: A Review of Several Methods with Recommendations. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis News, March, 21:4-8.
2005b
Casting Two-Dimensional Bloody Shoe Prints from Concrete, Fabric, and Human Skin: A Review of Several Methods with Recommendations. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 21(1):4-8. http://iabpa.org/march%202005%20news.pdf
2006a
Experimental Detection of Blood Under Painted Surfaces. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, (March), 22(1):12-19. http://iabpa.org/march%202006%20final.pdf
Adair, T.W., R. Gabel, S. Shimamoto, and R. Tewes 2008 A Comparison of the Luminol and Blue Star Blood Reagents in Detecting Blood in Soil Nearly Four Years After Deposition. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 24(4):5-8. http://iabpa.org/december%202008%20final.pdf Adair, T.W., and A.C. Gallardo 1999 Considering the Target Surface in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: An Unusual Case of Blood Pooling. Journal of Forensic Identification, 49(5):485-493. Adair, Thomas W., and Rebecca L. Shaw 2005 Enhancement of Bloodstains on Washed Clothing Using Luminol and LCV Reagents. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis News, 21(4):4-10 http://iabpa.org/december%202005%20news.pdf Adair, T.W., S. Shimamoto, R. Tewes, and R. Gabel 2006 A Comparison of the Luminol and Blue Star Blood Reagents in Detecting Blood in Soil One Years After Deposition. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 22(3):4-7. (also cited as "The Use of Luminol to Detect Blood in Soil One Year After Deposition") http://iabpa.org/september%202006%20news.pdf 2007
A Comparison of the Luminol and Blue Star Blood Reagents in Detecting Blood in Soil One Years After Deposition. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 23(1):14-19. (also cited as "Detecting Blood Patterns in Soil with Luminol Two Years after Deposition") http://iabpa.org/march%202007%20final.pdf
Adam, Craig D. 2012 Fundamental Studies of Bloodstain Formation and Characteristics. Forensic Science International, 219(1-3):76-87. 2013
Experimental and Theoretical Studies of the Spreading of Bloodstains on Painted Surfaces. Forensic Science International, 229:66-74.
Adam, J.R., N.R. Lindblad, and C.D. Hendricks 1968 The Collision, Coalescence, and Distribution of Water Droplets. Journal of Applied Physics, 39:5173-5180. Adler, William 1977 Liquid Drop Collisions on Deformable Media. Journal of Materials Science, _(_):1253-1271. Agudelo, J., C. Hynh, and J. Hamlek 2015 Forensic Determination of Bloodstain Age Using a Bioaffinity-based Assay. The Analyst, 140(5):1411-1415. Aikman, Rachel L., and David R. Foran 2008 Nucleic Acid Based Methods for Assessing the Age of Bloodstains. A Presentation before the 60th Anniversary Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 18-23, Washington, D.C. Akane, A. 1996 Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposes the Heme Compound in Forensic Specimens and Improves the Efficiency of PCR. Biotechniques, 21(3):392-394.
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Akin, Louis L. 2004 Blood Spatter Interpretation at Crime and Accident Scenes: A Step by Step Guide for Medicolegal Investigators. On Scene Forensics http://www.onsceneforensics.com 2005a
Blood Spatter Interpretation at Crime and Accident Scenes. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 74(2):21-24.
2005b
Interpretation of Blood Spatter for Defense Attorneys and Investigators: Part I. The Champion, May: 26
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A Blood Spatter Primer. Blue Line, 17(9):14-15.
2005d
Blood Spatter Interpretation at Crime Scenes. The Forensic Examiner, Summer:6-10.
2005e
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Akutsu, Tomoko, Kazutoshi Matsumura, Yorika Tanaka, Ken Watanabe, and Koichi Sakurada 2014 Ability of 'OC-Hemocatch S' for the Forensic Identification of Human Blood. Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology, 19(2):103-110. Akutsu, Tomoko, Ken Watanabe, Hisayo Fukushima, Yoshihto Fujinami, and Koichi Sakurada 2011 Development of a Systematic Method for Identifying Saliva, Sweat and Urine by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay wth Statherin, Dercidin and Tamm-Horsfall Protein Markers. Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology, 16(1):P1-P11 Akutsu, Tomoko, Ken Watanabe, Hisako Motani, Hirotaro Iwase, et al. 2012 Evaluation of Latex Agglutination Tests for Fibrin-Fibrinogen Degradation Products in the Forensic Identification of Menstrual Blood. Legal Medicine, 14(1):51-54. Albanese, John, and Ronald Montes 2011 Latent Evidence Detection Using a Combination of Near Infrared and High Dynamic Range Photography: An Example Using Bloodstains. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 56(6):1601-1603. Albrecht, H.O. 1928 Uber die Chemiluminescenz des Aminophthalaurehydrazids. Z Phys Chem (Leipzig), 136:321-330. Allen, Brian 2008 A Canadian Approach to Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Second European IABPA Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-4, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, September, pp.23-24. Allard, Kristin L., Paul E. Kish, and Brian J. Gerstring 2010 Evaluating the Validity of Angle of Impact/Incidence Determinations Made from Very Small Bloodstains. A Presentation before the 61st Annual Meeting of the Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 16-21, Denver, Colorado. Allen, John W., and Kelly J. Donaldson 2005 Solving a Triple Homicide with No Bodies. A Presentation before the 90th International Association of Identification International Educational Conference, August 7-12, Dallas, Texas. Allen, J., M.E. Newman, M. Riford, and G.H. Archer 1995 Blood and Plant Residues on Hawaiian Stone Tools from Two Archaeological Sites in Upland Kane'ohe, Ko' Olau Poko District, O'ahu Island, Asian Perspectives, 34:283-302. Allen, R.F. 1975 The Role of Surface Tension in Splashing. J Colloid Interface Sci, 51(2):350-351. Allen, Sharon 1992 Separating Fingerprint Fact from Friction. Law Enforcement Technology, January: Allman, D.S., and C.A. Pounds 1991a Diaminobenzidine: A Simple Safe and Sensitive Method for the Enhancement of Blood Marks at the Scene of Crime and in the Laboratory. CRSE Report 733, Central Research and Support Establishment, UK. 1991b
Detection of Fingerprints on Skin. Forensic Science Review, 3:83-89.
1992
The Specificity of Diaminobenzidine for the Detection of Blood, CRSE Report 771, Central Research and Support Establishment, Home Office Forensic Science Service, Aldermaston, UK.
Allery, J.P., N. Telmon, R. Mieusset, A. Blanc, and D. Rouge 2001 Cytological Detection of Spermatozoa: Comparison of Three Staining Methods. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 46(2):349-351. Al Na'imi. Khudooma, Zaina Alhattali, Anwar M. Siddiqi, and Mahmoud B. Al Sharairi
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Theoretical Evaluation of the Use of Bloodstain Pooling Method as a Screening Technique. A Presentation before the 67th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 16-21, Orlando, Florida.
Alvarez de Toledo, Valero R. 1935 La Reaccion Colorante do la Sangre con el "Leucoverde de Malaquita" o tetrametildiaminotrifenilmetano. Cronica Med, 39:3933139347 Anderson, John Wesley 1991 Bloodstain Pattern Interpretation – The State of the Art. The Colorado Policeman, November/December: 1992
Sherlockian Theories, Lessons from the Greatest Detective Who Ever Lived. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 8(3):3-14.
1993
Capillarity Distortion Analysis. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 9(4):11-13.
Anderson, Stacey E., Gerald R. Hobbs, and Clifton P. Bishop 2011 Multivariate Analysis for Estimating the Age of a Bloodstain. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 56(1):186-193. 2013
Estimating the Age of Bloodstain. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, San Diego, California, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 29(3-4):16.
Anderson, S., B. Howard, G.R. Hobbs, and C.P. Bishop 2005 A Method for Determining the Age of a Bloodstain. Forensic Science International, 148(1):37-45. Anonymous n.d. Introductory Blood Spatter Photography at Crime Scenes. United States Army Criminal Investigation Laboratories, n.d.
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1997b
A Battle of Blood Spatter Experts and the Shenanigans of a Texas Prosecutor. Scientific Sleuthing Review, Summer
2001
Reading Blood Patterns. The Forensics Revealed Mini-Series Continues with Tina Orr-Munro Looking at How the Interpretation of Blood Spatters at a Violent Crime Scene is Vital to a Successful Investigation. Police Review, 24:26-28.
2003a
Luminol – Footprints in the Dark. PSDB Fingerprint Development and Imaging Programme Update, 6:3
2003b
Bluestar Forensic Validation Study. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Nantes, Nantes, France.
2006
Bluestar Forensic Latent Bloodstain Reagent User's Manual. Bluestar, Monte Carlo, Monaco www.Bluestar-forensic.com
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Aqueous Leuco Crystal Violet Technical Information (LV509). Sirchie 2008 Product Catalog www.sirchie.com
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Bluestar False Positives Study Report. April 2008 http://www.bluestar-forensic.com/pdf/en/false_positives_2008_study.pdf
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Andrasko, J. 1997 The Estimation of Age of Bloodstains by HPLC Analysis. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 42:601-607. Arany, Szilvia, and Susumu Ohtani 2011 Age Estimation of Bloodstains: A Preliminary Report Based on Aspartic Acid Racemization Rate. Forensic Science International, 212:e36-e39.
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Aronson, Christina Kinsey 2011 Development of Bloody Prints on the Adhesive Side of Duct Tape. Journal of Forensic Identification, 61(3):250-259. Arroyo, Amparo, marta Sanchez, Mariona Palahi, Maria Barbal, et al. 2011 Applicability of an On-Site Test for Its Use in Post-Mortem Blood. Legal Medicine, 13(5):240-244. Arthur, Ravishka M. 2013 The Development of an Element-based Method for the Reliable Identification of Bloodstain Pattern. Unpublished Master's Thesis, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Arthur, Ravishka, R.M. Arthur, K.G. de Bruin, and M.C. Taylor 2015 Do We 'See' What We 'Think'? - An Eye Tracking Approach to Bloodstain Pattern Classification. An Abstract of a Presentation before the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Training Conference, Fort Worth, Texas. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(3):13 Arthur, Ravishka M., Sarah L. Cockerton, Karla G. de Bruin, and Michael C. Taylor 2015 A Novel, Element-based Approach for the Objective Classification of Bloodstain Patterns. Forensic Science International, 257:220-228. Asai, A., M. Shioya, S. Hirasawa, and T. Okazaki 1993 Impact of an Ink Drop on Paper. Journal of Imaging Science Technology, 37(2):205-207. Asicioglu, Faruk 2010 The Development of Blood pattern Analysis Discipline in Turkey – Still in Need of Many Efforts. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 26(2):31-35. http://iabpa.org/june%202010.pdf Attinger, Daniel, Arian Jafari, Craig Moore, Adam Donaldson, and Howard Stone 2013 Fluid Dynamics Aspects of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: Comparative Review and Research Opportunities. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, San Diego, California, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 29(3-4):14. Attinger, Daniel, Zhenguo Li, Pei-Lun Hsieh, and Shih-Fu Chang 2012 Use of Automated Image Analysis Techniques to Determine Impact Velocities in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. A Presentation before the 64th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Forensic Sciences, Global Research: The Forensic Science Edge, February 20-25, Atlanta, Georgia. Attinger, Daniel, Craig Moore, Adam Donaldson, Arian Jafari, and Howard A. Stone 2013 Fluid Dynamics Topics in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: Comparative Review and Research Opportunities. Forensic Science International, 231(1-3):375-396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2013 Attinger, Daniel, Craig Moore, and Christophe Frankiewicz 2013 Can We Reconstruct the Curved Trajectories of Blood Drops? Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, San Diego, California, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 29(3-4):9. Au, Catherine, Hayley Jackson-Smith, Ignacio Quinones, B.J. Jones, and Barbara Daniel 2011 Wet Powder Suspensions as an Additional Technique for the Enhancement of Bloody Marks. Forensic Science International, 204(1):1318. Aycock, Johnny 2005 A Bloody Mess in Texas. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 5-7, Santa Barbara, California. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.24. 2006
Suicide or Accidental Death? Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 18-20, Corning, New York. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.16.
Aye, U. Tha 1978 The Reliability of ABO Grouping of Bloodstains Contaminated with Sweat. Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 18(3-4):193-195. BackTrack n.d. http://people.physics.carleton.ca/~carter/ Bager, Esben 2008 BPA Used for the First Time in Denmark. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Second European IABPA Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-4, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, September, p.20. Bailey, James A. 2007 Enhancing Bloody Footwear Impressions: Infrared Photography Compared to Amido Black Treatment. A Presentation before the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 19-24, 2007, San Antonio, Texas.
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Baker, David J., Eileen A. Grimes, and Andrew J. Hopwood 2011 D-Dimer Assays for the Identfication of Menstrual Blood. Forensic Science International, 212:210-214. Baldwin, David P., Daniel S. Zamzow, Stanley J. Bajic, and Ellen Strawsine 2013 Investigation of Impact Spatter and the Effects of Controlled Independent Variables. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, San Diego, California, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 29(3-4):9. Ballou, Sharon L. 2005 Who Shot Whom? Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 5-7, Santa Barbara, California. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.24. 2006
A Homeless Homicide. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 18-20, Corning, New York. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.16.
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Bancirova, Martina 2012 Black and Green Tea -- Luminol False-Negative Bloodstains Detection. Science & Justice, 52(2):102-105. Bandey, H. 2008 Speculative Application of Protein Stains to Flooring to Enhance Marks in Blood. Fingerprint and Footwear Forensic News, May, Number 24/08:11-15. Barber, Daniel L. 2001 Starlight Bloodhound: Spray and See Evidence. Police, 25(5):12-14 Bargagna, M., and Margaret Pereira 1967 A Study of Absorption-Elution as a Method of Identification of Rhesus Antigens in Dried Bloodstains. Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 7(3):123-130. Barksdale, Larry, Amanda Fujikawa, and David O. Carter 2010 Lucilia sericata and Their Effect on the Morphology and Presumptive Chemistry of Medium Impact and Pooled Bloodstain Patterns. A Presentation before the 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (Advance Program), February 22-27, Seattle, Washington. Barnes, D. 1998 Intermittant Projected Bloodstains. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 14(2):6-8. Barnes, Mike 2005 Beating Patterns. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 5-7, Santa Barbara, California. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.24. Barnett, Peter D. 2005 Bloody Fingerprint: Fresh Blood or Not? Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 5-7, Santa Barbara, California. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.26. Barnett, K.G. 1991 The Use of Water Soluble Protein Dye for the Enhancement of Footwear Impressions in Blood on Non-porous Surfaces. ACPO Crime Committee National Conference of Scientific Support Barnett, K.G., R.G. Bone, P.W. Hall, and R.H. Ide 1988 The Use of Water Soluble Protein Dye for the Enhancement of Footwear Impressions in Blood on Non-porous Surfaces, Part 1. Technical Note No. 629, July. Barni, Filippo 2006 Luminol Chemistry and Forensic Application. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the First European IABPA Conference, Middelburg, Zeeland, The Netherlands, February 13-15, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, pp.23-24. Barni, F., S.W. Lewis, A. Berti, G.M. Miskelly, and G. Lago 2007 Forensic Application of the Luminol Reaction as a Presumptive Test for Latent Blood Detection. Talanta, 72(3):896-913.
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Barra, Kathleen, Jennifer J. Maldonado, and Virginia M. Maxwell 2013 Raman Spectroscopy as a Non-Destructive Technique to Differentiate Circulatory and Menstrual Blood. A Poster Presentation before the 65th Anniversary Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 18-23, 2013, Washington, D.C. Barrison, Dale 2005 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: The Discipline Everyone Should Understand. Evidence Technology Magazine, 3(1):12-15. Bartolo, D., et al. 2007 Dynamics of Non-Newtonian Droplets. Physical Review Letters, 99(17):174502. Bartz, H. 2003 Estimating Original Blood Volume: The Development of a New Techn ique Relating Volume and Surface Area. Masters Thesis, Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. Bashinski, Jan S., and John E. Davis 1973 A Simple Procedure for ABO Typing of Dried Bloodstains on Fibers by the Absorption-Elution Technique. Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 13(3):217-222. Basso, William 2005 Review of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: Theory and Practice by S.James, P. Kish, and P. Sutton. Journal of the Canadian Society of Forensic Science, 38(3):179-180. 2006
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis – A Canadian Model and the IABPA. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the First European IABPA Conference, Middelburg, Zeeland, The Netherlands, February 13-15, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, p.27.
Bauer, M. 1999 Detection of Epithelial Cells in Dried Blood Stains by Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 44:1232-1236. Bauer, M., S. Polzin, and D. Patzelt 2003 Quantification of RNA Degradation by Semi-Quantitative Duplex RT-PCR: A Possible Indicator of the Age of Bloodstains. Forensic Science International, 138:94-103. BaxterM., and Irene White 1984 A Method for the Identification and Typing of the Subtypes of the Gc 1 Allele from Dried Bloodstains. Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 24(5):483-488. Beaudoin, A. 2012 Comparison of Ortho-Tolidine and Amido Black for Development of Blood-Based Fingerprints on Skin. Journal of Forensic Identification, 62(6):588-601 Becue, Andy, Sébastien Moret, Christophe Champod, and Pierre Margot 2009 Use of Quantum Dots in Aqueous Solution to Detect Blood Fingermarks on Non-porous Surfaces. Forensic Science International, 191(1):36-41. Behrooz, Nima, Lee Hulse-Smith, and Sanjeev Chandra 2011 An Evaluation of the Underlying Mechanisms of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Error. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 56(5):1136-1142. Bell, Jeffrey T., and Eric L. Gilkerson 2005 The Enhancement of Bloody Impressions: Adobe Photoshop vs. Chemical vs. Photographic Methodologies. A Presentation before the 90th International Association of Identification International Educational Conference, August 7-12, Dallas, Texas. Benecke, Mark, and Larry Barksdale 2003 Distinction of Bloodstain Patterns from Fly Artifacts. Forensic Science International, 137(2-3):152-159. Benecke, M., L. Barksdale, J. Sundermeier, S. Reibe, and B. Ratcliffe 2000 Forensic Entomology in a Murder Case: Blood Spatter Artifacts Caused by Flies and Determination of Post Mortem Interval (PMI) by Use of Blowfly Maggots. Zoology Anal. Complex Syst., 103(Suppl. III):106. Benecke, Mark, Katrin Heuser, Nadine Brueckmann, Boris Angelow, Mirjam Loeffler, Nadja Hudewenz, Martin Oehmen, Saskia Reibe, Nadine Kuehner, and Simon Reiss 2006 A Glow in the Dark: Luminol Reaction Enhancement with "Fit" from Former Eastern Germany. A Presentation before the 58th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 20-25, Seattle, Washington. Benecke, Mark, Saskia Reibe, Philip von Doetinchem, Petra Boehme, Andreas Scholten, Alexandra Schulz, and Alexandria Gericke 2005 Paradoxical Effects of Surface Structure and Drop Height on Blood Stain Pattern Formation. A Presentation before the 57th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 21-26, 2005, New Orleans, Louisiana.
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Bentley, Stephen 1998 Presumptive Testing for Blood on a Patent Print Developed with Amido Black. The Print, 14(4):3 www.scafo.org/library/140402.html Bentolila, Alfonso, Sarah Aloush, David Attias, and Michal Levin Elad 2013 The Use of Alginate Cast to Recover Blood Contaminated Fingermarks from Fabrics. A Presentation before the IFRG Meeting, Jerusalem, Israel. Bentolila, Alfonso, Sarah Aloush Reuveny, David Attias, and Michal Levin Elad 2016 Using Alginate Gel Followed by Chemical Enhancement to Recover Blood-Contaminated Fingermarks from Fabrics. Journal of Forensic Identification, 66(1):13-21. Bentsen, R.K., et al. 1996 Post Firing Visualization of Fingerprints on Spent Cartridge Cases. The Print, 12(5):5-9. www.scafo.org/library/120502.html Berdanier, Erin L., and Dan Krane 2014 Effect of Machine Laundering Additives on Human Blood. A Presentation before the 66th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 17-22, Seattle, Washington Bergeron, Joshua 2003 Development of Bloody Prints on Dark Surfaces with Titanium Dioxide and Methanol. Journal of Forensic Identification, 53(2):149161. Bernd, K., et al. 2002 Backspatter on the Firearm and Hand in Experimental Close-Range Gunshots to the Head. American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, 23:211-213. Bernstein, Edward G. 2005a Science in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. International Association of Bloodstain Patern Analysts News, December, 21(4):16-19. http://iabpa.org/december%202005%20news.pdf 2005b
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Berti, Andrea 2006 BPA in a Microscene Composed Murder Scene. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the First European IABPA Conference, Middelburg, Zeeland, The Netherlands, February 13-15, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, p.23. Berti, Andrea, Silke M.C. Brodbeck, Claudio Colozza, Francesco Maiorino, and Massimiliano Tocca 2008 BPA in Bomb Explosions. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Second European IABPA Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-4, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, September, p.10. Berti, Andrea, and Eva Sacchi 2012 Case Presentation: BPA in a Cold Case. Abstract of a Presentation at the Fourth International IABPA Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, November 12-14. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(4):10. Betit, C. 2010
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Case Presentation: The Waynewright Texas Shooting. Abstract of the Presentations given at the IABPA Training Conference, Portland, Oregon, October 6-9, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 25(4):17.
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Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Abstract of a Presentation given at the 18th Annual Association for Crime Scene Reconstruction International Training Conference, Denver, Colorado, February 11-13, Journal of the Association for Crime Scene Reconstruction, 15(1):19-20.
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The Threats Case – San Diego, California. Abstract of a Presentation given at the IABPA Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 26(2):11-12.
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The Effect an Oscillating Blood Drop Has on the Angle of Impact Calculations. Abstract of the Presentations given at the IABPA Training Conference, Portland, Oregon, October 6-9, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 25(4):25.
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Anatomy Related Movement Analysis (ARMA) – Introduction and Application to the Movements of Human Fingers. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 18-20, Corning, New York. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.16.
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Anatomy Related Movement Analysis – A New Tool. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the First European IABPA Conference, Middelburg, Zeeland, The Neterlands, February 13-15, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, p.20.
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Refelctions Upon Arteries and Veins – A Plea for "Spurt Patterns". International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 23(2):4-14.
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The Role of Modern Crime Scene Documentation Systems for BPA – Spheron and Laser Scanning. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Second European IABPA Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-4, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, September, p.12.
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Spheron and Laser Imaging – The Use of Visualization and Measuring for Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.13.
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The Role of the Shoulder Joint in the Examination of Cast-Off Patterns. Abstract of the Presentations given at the IABPA Training Conference, Portland, Oregon, October 6-9, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 25(4):17.
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The Latex Lifting Method for the Recovery of Blood, DNA, and Dermal Ridge Evidence in Arson Cases. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 27(4):3-7.
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Amylase Negative Inclusions in a Bloodstain Pattern as a Sign of Expirated Blood in a Crime Scene Reconstruction. Abstract of a Presentation at the Fourth International IABPA Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, November 12-14. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(4):10.
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Surface Behaviour in Liquid Latex Lifting - Securing Bloodstains after Arson. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Fifth European International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts, Rome, Italy. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):30
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Blood on Black: Using Polarized Light to Enhance Bloodstains on Dark, Dielectric Surfaces. A Presentation before the International Association for Identification's 93rd International Educational Conference, Louisville, Kentucky, August 17-23, 2008.
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Direct Sensitivity Comparison of the Fluorescein and Luminol Bloodstain Enhancement Techniques. Journal of Forensic Identification, 49(3):261-268.
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Direct Sensitivity Comparison of the Fluorescein and Luminol Bloodstain Enhancement Techniques. As reprinted from, Journal of Forensic Identification, 49(3):261-268, in Journal of Forensic Identification, 65(4):593-599.
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Pitfalls in Bloodstain Pattern Interpretation. The CAC News, 4th Quarter: 14-17. http://www.cacnews.org/pdfs/4thq98.pdf
Cho, Yuen, Faye SPringer, Frederic A. Tulleners, and William D. Ristenpart
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2015
Quantitative Bloodstain Analysis: Differentiation of Contact Transfer Patterns Versus Spatter Patterns on Fabric via Microscopic Inspection. Forensic Science International, 249:233-240.
Choi, Yong-Seok, Pat Laturnus, Brian Yamashita,and Jim Killeen 2010 Korea’s Approach to Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Training. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 26(3):3-7. http://iabpa.org/September%202010%20News.pdf Choromański, Kacper 2011 BPA in Poland. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 27(4):11. 2013
Developing BPA in Poland. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, San Diego, California, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 29(3-4):15.
2015
Free Software that Can Improve BPA Reports: Typical Crime and Lonely Wolf Cases. An Abstract of a Presentation before the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Training Conference, Fort Worth, Texas. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(3):17
Christman, Daniel V. 1993 The Collection and Preservation of Bloodstain Evidence Found on Sheetrock Surfaces. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 9(1):6-10. 1994
Handwriting on the Wall, Bloodstain Pattern Analyses Can be a Key Signature in Interpreting the Scene of a Crime. Police, 18(11):9091.
1995
A Study to Compare and Contrast Animal and Human Blood Products. A Presentation before the International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts and the Association of Crime Scene Reconstruction Joint Training Conference., October 5, Oklahoma City, OK.
1996
A Study to Compare and Contrast Animal Blood to Human Blood Product. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 12(2):10-25.
2015a
Spatters Matter: How Bloodstain Evidence Influenced the Police at the Scene and the Prosecutor and Jury in the Courtroom. A Presentation before the 67th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 16-21, Orlando, Florida.
2015b
Mechanism of Injury and Resulting Bloodstains. An Abstract of a Presentation before the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Training Conference, Fort Worth, Texas. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(3):11
Cittadini, Francesca, Gianluca Albertacci, and Vincenzo L. Pascali 2008 Unattended Fatal Hemorrhage Caused by Spontaneous Rupture of a Varicose Vein. American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, 29(1):92. Clanet, C., et al. 2004 Maximal Deformation of an Impacting Drop. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 517:199-208. Clanton, Jackie A. 2009 Concealment and Detection of Bloodstains Beneath Multiple Coats of Paint. A Poster Presentation before the 61st Annual Meeting of the Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 16-21, Denver, Colorado Clark, Brian S., and Grant D. Graham Sr. 2001 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis After a Fire: Effects of Heat and Flame on Reconstruction and Interpretation. A Paper Presented at the American Academy of Forensic Sciences 53rd Annual Meeting, February 19-24, 2001, Seattle, Washington. Clark, D.H. 1992 Saliva Swabbing, Bite Mark Examination Procedures: Victims and Suspects, in D.H. Clark, editor, Practical Forensic Odontology, Wright, London, UK., pp:135-136. Clark, Kimberly 2006 Differentiating High Velocity Blood Spatter Patterns, Expirated Bloodstains, and Insect Activity. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 22(3):8-20. http://iabpa.org/september%202006%20news.pdf Clements, Wendell W. 1983 Blood Print on Human Skin. Identification News, 33(8): Clift A., and C.M. Lamont 1974 Saliva in Forensic Odontology, Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 14:241-245. Clutter, Susan W., Travis Battiest, and David McGill
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2014
Liquid Latex as a Cleanup Step to Visualize Bloody Shoeprint Evidence at Fire Scenes. Journal of Forensic Identification, 64(3):212222.
Cochrane, Joanne 2012 Fly Speck/Fly Spotting Seen on Body of Deceased. Abstract of a Presentation at the Fourth International IABPA Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, November 12-14. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(4):22. Cockerton, Sarah, and Ravishka Arthur 2013 The Development of an Element-Based Method for the Reliable Identification of Bloodstain Patterns. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, San Diego, California, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 29(3-4):3.
Collins, Rachel 2003 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Using BackTrack Suite. Bachelor of Science Thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Collins, Rachel, and Brian Yamashita 2003 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis on Angled Surfaces. A Presentation before the 88th International Educational Conference Sponsored by the International Association for Identification, July 9, 2004, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Connolly, Candace, Mike Illes, and Jim Fraser 2012 Effect of Impact Angle Variations on Area of Origin Determinations in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Forensic Science International, 223:233-240. Connolly, Jo-Ann C. 2012 The Use of Forensic Messenger RNA (mRNA) Analysis to Determine Stain Age. A Poster Presentation before the 64 th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Forensic Sciences, Global Research: The Forensic Science Edge, February 20-25, Atlanta, Georgia. Connor, Mark 2015 Factors Affecting the Near Infra-Red Photography of Bloodstains. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society's 22nd International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):22 Connor, Mark, Lukasz Mendecki, and Stephen Cordiner 2015 Factors Affecting the Near-Infrared Photography of Bloodstains. Journal of Forensic Identification, 65(1):19-33. Cook, Russell 2015 Comparison between Drip Stains and Impact Spatter Stains on Different Fabrics. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society's 22nd International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):15 Cortner, G.V. 1986 Crime Scene Reconstruction: A Case of Blood Stain Interpretation Five Years After the Crime Occurred. Tieline, 11(1):50-55. Courtney, Max n.d. Blood Spatter Evidence and Reconstruction of Events. Forensic Consultant Services, Fort Worth, TX http://www.forensic-lab.com/publications/bloodspatter.html Courtney, Max., et al. 1996 Luminol: The Next Generation. Southwestern Association of Forensic Scientists Journal, 18(1):25. Courts, C., B. Madea, and C. Schyma 2012 Persistence of Biological Traces in Gun Barrels - An Approach to an Experimental Model. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 126:391-397. Cox, Milton 1990 Effect of Fabric Washing on the Presumptive Identification of Bloodstains. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 35(6):1335-1341. 1991
A Study of the Sensitivity and Specificity of Four Presumptive Tests for Blood. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 36(5):1503-1511.
Crafton, E.F., and W.Z. Black 2004 Heat Transfer and Evporation Rates of Small Liquid Droplets on Heated Horizontal Surfaces. Int J Heat Mass Transf, 47:1187-1200. Craig, O.E., and M.J. Collins 2002 The Removal of Protein from Mineral Surfaces: Implications for Residue Analysis of Archaeological Materials. Journal of Archaeological Science, 29:1077-1082. Creamer, J.I., T.I. Quickenden, L.B. Crichton, P. Robertson, and R.A. Ruhayel 2005 Attempted Cleaning of Bloodstains and Its Effect on the Forensic Luminol Test. Luminescence, 20:411-413.
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Creamer, J.I., T.I. Quickenden, M.V. Apanah, K.A. Kerr, and P. Robertson 2003 A Comprehensive Experimental Study of Industrial, Domestic and Environmental Interferences with the Forensic Luminol Test for Blood. Luminescence, 18(4):193-198. Creighton, J. 1997 Visualization of Latent Impressions After Incidental or Direct Contact with Human Blood. Journal of Forensic Identification, 47(5):534541. Cresap, T.R. 1998 Bloody Bare Footprints – What Size Will They Make? International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 14(2):1-5. Cresap, T.R., et al. 1995 The Effects of Luminol and Coomassie Blue on DNA typing by PCR. A presentation before the 47th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, Seattle, Washington. Crosby, W.H., F.W. Furth, and C.E. Thibeault 1956 A Modification of the Benzidine Method for Measurement of Hemoglobin in Plasma and Urine. Blood, 11:380-383. Cullen, Siobhan, Alexandra Otto, and Paul N. Cheetham (also cited as Culen, et al.) 2010 Chemical Enhancment of Bloody Footwear Impressions from Buried Substrates. Journal of Forensic Identification, 60(1):45-86. Culliford, Bryan J. 1964 The Identification of Abnormal Haemoglobins in Bloodstains. Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 4(3):155-157. 1967
The Determination of Phosphoglucomutase (PGM) Types in Bloodstains. Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 7(3):131-133.
1971
The Examination and Typing of Bloodstains in the Crime Laboratory. National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criinal Justice. Washington, D.C.
Culliford, B.J., and B.G.D. Wraxall 1968 Adenylate Kinase (AK) Types in Bloodstains. Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 8(2-3):79-80. Custer, J.F., J. Ilgenfritz, and K.R. Doms 1988 A Cautionary Note on the Use of Chemstrips for Detection of Blood Residues on Prehistoric Stone Tools. Journal of Archaeological Science, 15:343-345. Dalley, Iris 2003 Make My Day. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 911, Odessa, Texas. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, p.9. 2005
Terror in the Woods: The Deaths of Charles and Shirley Chick. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 5-7, Santa Barbara, California. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.27.
2006a
Kidnapping by Caesarean Section (How I Spent my Christmas Vacation). Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 18-20, Corning, New York. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.17.
2006b
Terror in the Woods: The Deaths of Charles & Shirley Chick. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the First European IABPA Conference, Middelburg, Zeeland, The Neterlands, February 13-15, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, p.21.
2008
Homicide or Suicide: Bloodstains in Crime Scene Reconstruction. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Second European IABPA Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-4, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, September, pp.9-10.
2015
Courtroom Demonstratives. An Abstract of a Presentation before the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Training Conference, Fort Worth, Texas. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(3):18
Daly, Dyan J. 2008 Who Stabbed Who? Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Second European IABPA Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-4, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, September, pp.17-18. Das, R., A. Collins, Anurag Verma, J. Fernandez, and M. Taylor 2015 Evaluating Simulant Materials for Understanding Cranial Backspatter from a Ballistic Projectile. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 60(3): Davidhazy, A. n.d. Making of a Water Drop. Efluids Media Galleries http://media.efluids.com/galleries/all?medium=532
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Davidson, Andrew 2010 Detection of Blood on Dark Items. Abstract of a Presentation given at the IABPA Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 26(2):8. Davidson, Peter L., Michael C. Taylor, Suzanne J. WIlson, Kevan A.J. Walsh, and Jules A. Kieser 2012 Physical Components of Soft-Tissue Ballistic Wounding and Their Involvement in the Generation of Blood Backspatter. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 57(5):1339-1342. Davis, T., and S. Mays 1996 Household Products as Possible Contaminants at Crime Scenes: An Evaluation Using Two Light Sources and Luminol.A Presentation before the Northwest Association of Forensic Scientists, Salt Lake City, UT. Davison, Andrew 2015 Appearance of Small Bloodstains after Enhancement. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society's 22nd International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):23 Davison, Mark 2014 Analysis of Error Rates Associated with Area of Origin Calculations of Blunt Force Impact Patterns Resulting from Measurement Deviation. Proceedings of the 2014 IABPA Annual Conference Held in Portland, Maine, September 30-October 3, (Abstract), Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 30(4):12. De Almeida, J.P., N. Gleese, and C. Bonorino 2011 Effect of Presumptive Tests Reagents on Human Blood Confirmatory Tests and DNA Analysis Using Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Forensic Science International, 206:58-61. De Bruin, Karla 2010 How to Improve the Accuracy of the Point of Origin Calculation by Backtrack and Hemospat. Abstract of a Presentation given at the IABPA Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 26(2):10. 2014
Blood on Dark Surfaces -- Why Don't We See It? Proceedings of the 2014 IABPA Annual Conference Held in Portland, Maine, September 30-October 3, (Abstract), Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 30(4):8.
2015
Understanding the Visibility of Blood on Dark Surfaces. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Fifth European International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts, Rome, Italy. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):35
De Bruin, Karla , Nick Laan, Noushine Shahidzadeh, and Daniel Bonn 2015 Spreading Behaviour of Blood Drops on Fabrics. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society's 22nd International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):15 De Bruin, Karla G., Reinoud D. Stoel, and Josita C.M. Limborgh 2011 Improving the Point of Origin Determination in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Journal of Forensic Sciences International, 56(6):14761482. De Castro, T.C., D.J. Carr, M.C. Taylor, and J.A. Kieser 2015 Scientific Fundamentals of Passive Bloodstain Formation on Laundered Shirting Apparel. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society's 22nd International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):16 De Castro, Therese, Tania Nickson, Debra Carr, and C. Knock 2013 Interpreting the Formation of Bloodstains on Selected Apparel Fabrics. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 127(1):251-258. De Castro, Therese C., Michael C. Taylor, Debra J. Carr, Josie Athens, and Jules A. Kieser 2016 Storage Life of Whole Porcine Blood Used for Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal, 49(1):26-37. De Castro, T.C., M.C. Taylor, J.A. Kieser, D.J. Carr, and W. Duncan 2015 Systematic Investigation of Drip Stains on Apparel Fabrics: The Effects of Prior-laudnering, Fibre Content and Fabric Structure on Final Stain Appearance. Forensic Science International, 250:98-109. Deegan, R.D., O. Bakajin, T.F. Dupont, G. Huber, S.R. Nagel, and T.A. Witten 1997 Capillary FLow as the Cause of Ring Stains from Dried Liquid Drops Nature, 389:827-829. Dees, Timothy M. 1995 Simplifying Blood Spatter Analysis at the Crime Scene. Law Enforcement Technology, 22(8):42-44. DeForest, Peter 1990 A Review of Interpretation of Bloodstain Evidence At Crime Scenes. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 35(6):1491-1495.
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DeForest, P.R., R. Bucht, F. Kammerman,B. Weinger, and L. Gunderson 2009 Blood on Black - Enhanced Visualization of Bloodstains on Dark Surfaces. Document No.: 227840, August https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/227840.pdf DeForest, Peter R., Peter A.Pizzola, Ralph R. Ristenblatt III, and Peter J. Diaczuk 2015 Bloodstain Patterns Associated with Gunshot Wounds--Misconceptions. A Presentation before the 67th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 16-21, Orlando, Florida. DeHaan, J.D., J.D. Clark, T.F. Spear, R. Oswalt, and S.S. Barney 1999 Chemical Enhancement of Fingerprints in Blood: An Evaluation of Methods, Effects on DNA, and Assessment of Chemical Hazards. California Department of Justice, Bureau of Forensic Services, Sacramento, California. http://www.latent-prints.com/cac_blood.htm Deleo, Michael 2002 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Law and Order, 50(11):43-47. Denison, David, Alice Porter, Matthew Mills, and Robert C. Schroter 2011 Forensic Implications of Respiratory Derived Blood Spatter Distributions. Forensic Science International, 204(1):144-155. Develtere, Renaat, Bert Van Dijck, Stefan Lambrecht, Karolien Van Dijck, Kurt Meyfroodt, and Gerrit Volckeryck 2001 Fluorescein: A More User-Friendly Replacement for Luminol? An Abstract, Fourth European Meeting for Shoeprint/Toolmark Examiners (SPTM), May 15-18, Berlin, Germany. Information Bulletin for Shoeprint/Toolmark Examiners, 7(2):32. De Wael, K., L. Lepot 2015 Morphological Details in Bloodstain Particles. Forensic Science International, 246:50-54. De Wael, K., L. Lepot, F. Gason, and B. Gilbert 2008 In Search of Blood – Detection of Minute Particles Using Spectroscopic Methods. Forensic Science Internaional , 180(1):37-42. Dicken, L., C. Knock, S. Beckett, T.C. de Castro, T. Nickson, and D.J. Carr 2015 The Use of Micro-computed Tomography to Ascertain the Morphology of Bloodstains on Fabric. Forensic Science International, 257:369-375. Dilbeck, Lisa 2006 Use of Bluestar Forenic in Lieu of Luminol at Crime Scenes. Journal of Forensic Identification, 56(5):706-720. Dilling, W.J. 1926 Haemochromogen Crystal Test for Blood. British Medical Journal, 1:219. DiMeo, L. Allyn, and Jane Taupin 2012 Arterial Bloodstain Patterns on Clothing - An Interesting Case Linking the Accused to the Scene. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(2):3-10. Di Mizio, Giulio 2010 Development of Standardized Protocols for the Intervention of Forensic Pathologists and BPA Experts in the Solution of Violent Crimes. A Poster Presentation before the 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (Advance Program), February 22-27, Seattle, Washington. Dingeman, Roger 1985 Bloodspatters at Crime Scenes Tell All. The Police Chief, March: Dinterman, Mitchell W. 2012 Rodney Robert Cocking Case. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, Tucson, Arizona, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(3):19. Dixon, T., V. Samudra, W.D. Stewart, and O. Johari 1976 A Scanning Electron Microscope Study of Dried Blood. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 21(4): Doherty, P.E., and D.J. Mooney 1990 Deciphering Bloody Imprints Through Chemical Enhancement. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 35(2): (also cited as 23(1): 218.) (also cited as Doherty, Paige, and Dennis Mooney, 1990, Deciphering Bloody Imprints Through Chemical Enhancement, Journal of Forensic Sciences, March:457-465) Dolzani, M. 1987 Blood from a Stone. Mammoth Trumpet, 3(4):1-8. Donaldson, Andrea E., Michael C. Taylor, et al. 2010 Using Oral Microbial DNA Analysis to Identify Expirated Bloodspatter. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 124(6):569-576.
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Donaldson, A.E., N.K. Walker, I.L. Lamont, S.J. Cordiner, and M.C. Taylor 2011 Characterising the Dynamics of Experated Bloodstain Pattern Formation Using High-speed Digital Video Imaging. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 125(6):757-762. Donaldson, Edwin R. 2015 A Preliminary Test for Blood Stains. As reprinted from Sparks from the Anvil, 2(6):5-6 in 1934. Journal for Forensic Identification, 65(4):375-378. Doo, H.K., and P.H. Lee 1960 Effect of Human Saliva on Blood Clotting Time. Yomsei Medical Journal, 1:17-21. Dorrill, M., and P.H. Whitehead 1979 The Species Identification of Very Old Human Bloodstains. Forensic Science International, 13:111-116. (also cited as pp.11-16) Doshi, N., A.S. Zahr, S. Bhaskar, J. Lahann, and S. Mitragotri 2009 Red Blood Cell-Mimicking Synthetic Biomaterial Particles. PNAS, 106:21495-21499. Doty, Kyle C., Gregory McLaughlin, and Igor K. Lednev 2015 Discrimination of Human and Animal Blood Traces via Raman Spectroscopy. A Presentation before the 67th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 16-21, Orlando, Florida. 2106
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Edelman Gerda, and Maurice Aalders 2015 Development of a Spectral Camera for Estimating the Age of Bloodstains in Casework. A Presentation before the 67th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 16-21, Orlando, Florida. Edelman, Gerda, Maurice Aaulders, and Elisa van den Heuvel 2015 Bloodstain Age Estimation. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society's 22nd International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):16 Edelman, Gerda, Vicky Manti, Saskia M. van Ruth, Ton van Leeuwen, and Maurice Aalders 2012 Identification and Age Estimation of Blood Stains on Colored Backgrounds by Near Infrared Spectroscopy. Forensic Science International, 220(1-3):239-244. Edelman, Gerda, and Martin Roos 2014 Age Estimation of Bloodstain -- A Case Example. Proceedings of the 2014 IABPA Annual Conference Held in Portland, Maine, September 30-October 3, (Abstract), Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 30(4):7. Edelman, Gerda J., Ton G. van Leeuwen, and Maurice C. Aalders 2012 Hyperspectral Imaging for the Age Estimation of Bloodstains at the Crime Scene. Forensic Science International, 223(1-3):72-77. 2013
Hyperspectral Imaging of the Crime Scene for Detection and Identification of Blood Stains. Proceedings of the 2013 SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing Conference; April 29-May 3, 2013, Baltimore, Maryland, International Society for Optics and Photonics (SPIE), Bellingham, Washington.
2015
Visualization of Latent Blood Stains Using Visible Reflectance Hyperspectral Imaging and Chemometrics. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 60(S1):S188-S192
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Survival and Detection of Blood Residues on Stone Tools. Technical Report 94-1. Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno.
Eisele, J.A., D.D. Fowler, G. Haynes, and R.A. Lewis 1995 Survival and Detection of Blood Residues on Stone Tools. Antiquity, 69:36-46. Ellis, Eric L., Tim P. Wong, and Scott W. Bowers 2009 Locating Latent Blood Stains. Journal of Forensic Identification, 59(1):59-64. Ellis, Geoff 2005 R.C.M.P. Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Certification. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 5-7, Santa Barbara, California. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.24. El-Sayed, M., D.A.C. Brownson, and C.E. Banks 2011 Crime Scene Investigation II: The Effect of Warfarin on Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Anal Methods, 3:1521-1524. Emes, A. 1999 The Interpretation of Bloodstain Patterns. Contact, 27:13-15. 2001
Expirated Blood: A Review. Canadian Society of Forensic Sciences Journal, 34(4):197-203.
Englert, Rod 1996 Pulverised Bright Green Threads and High Velocity Blood Spatter Unravel the Mystery of a Crime: A Homicide Case Study with No Body. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 12(1):15. 2006
Luminol. In Richard H. Walton, editor, Cold Case Homicides: Practical Investigative Techniques, CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, Florida, pp.477-483.
2010
Blood Secrets: Chronicles of a Crime Scene Reconstructionist. St. Martins Press, New York, NY
Englert, Rod and Ray Grimsbo 1998 Trace Evidence and Crime Scenes – Pulverized Green Threads, Brain and High-Velocity Bloodspatter Unravel the Mystery of a Crime:
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A Homicide Case Study with No Body. An abstract from the Annual Meeting of the Northwest Association of Forensic Scientists. http://www.nwafs.org Enejder, A.M., T.W. Koo, J. Oh, M. Hunter, S. Sasic, M.S. Feld, et al. 2002 Blood Analysis by Raman Spectroscopy. Opt Lett, 27:2004-2006. Epstein, Barton P. 1992 Examination of Bloody Clothing. A Presentation before the International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts. September 25, Colorado Springs, CO 2006
Indiana v. David Camm: Comments and Concerns. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 18-20, Corning, New York. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.17.
2007
State of Ohio v. Samuel Sheppard – Case Review and Lessons Learned. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 1-4, San Antonio, Texas. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.6.
2010
NAS Report – How Defense Attorneys Will Challenge BPA. Abstract of the Presentations given at the Annual Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Symposium, Ames, Iowa, August 17-19, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 26(3):8.
Erdey, L., W.F. Pickering, and C.L. Wilson 1962 Mixed Chemiluminescent Indicators. Talanta, 9:371-375. Esperanca, Philippe 2004 A New Chemical Process to Detect Washed Bloodstains - Bluestar™. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 6-8, Tucson, Arizona. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.9. 2005
ESCrime - Three Dimensional Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Software. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 5-7, Santa Barbara, California. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.23.
2006a
A New Chemical Process to Detect Washed Bloodstains, Bluestar™. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the First European IABPA Conference, Middelburg, Zeeland, The Neterlands, February 13-15, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, p.20.
2006b
eSCrime: A New Software for 3-Dimensional Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the First European IABPA Conference, Middelburg, Zeeland, The Neterlands, February 13-15, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, p.20.
2007
Taxonomy – Its Use for BPA. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 1-4, San Antonio, Texas. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.7.
2008a
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in France. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Second European IABPA Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-4, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, September, p.17.
2008b
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in France. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.17.
2010
Taxonomy Applied to Bloodstain Pattern Recognition. Abstract of a Presentation given at the IABPA Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 26(2):8.
2012
Backspatter Phenomena. Abstract of a Presentation at the Fourth International IABPA Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, November 1214. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(4):18.
2015a
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Procedures ISO Accredited. An Abstract of a Presentation before the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Training Conference, Fort Worth, Texas. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(3):12
2015b
Bloodstain Pattern Identification Key. An Abstract of a Presentation before the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Training Conference, Fort Worth, Texas. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(3):12
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Eversdijk, Martin 2005a Collecting Blood in the Barrel of a Firearm. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 5-7, Santa Barbara, California. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.28. 2005b
Applying Luminol Once is Good; Twice is Better. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 5-7, Santa Barbara, California. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.28.
2006a
Titanium Dioxide Water-Based Dye: A Very Easy and Effective Enhancement Technique to Treat Latent Blood Prints on Non-Porous Dark Surfaces. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 1820, Corning, New York. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.18.
2006b
Blood in the Barrel of a Firearm. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the First European IABPA Conference, Middelburg, Zeeland, The Netherlands, February 13-15, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, p.25.
2008a
Chemical Enhancement Techniques. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Second European IABPA Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-4, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, September, p.12.
2008b
Chemical Enhancement Techniques for Blood Traces. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.17.
2009
Lumiscene: A NewLuminol based Vkiid Search Technique. Abstract of the Presentations given at the IABPA Training Conference, Portland, Oregon, October 6-9, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 25(4):19.
2010
An Introduction to: LUMISCENE – A new Advanced Blood Search Technique. Abstract of a Presentation given at the IABPA Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 26(2):11.
2011
Water -- A New Blood Enhancement Technique? Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 27(4):13.
2012
Blood Search Techniques, The Pros and Cons, The Dos and Don'ts Abstract of a Presentation at the Fourth International IABPA Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, November 12-14. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(4):16.
2013
Lifting (Latent) Bloodstain with the Use of Alginate. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, San Diego, California, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 29(3-4):27.
2015a
Accident and Murder. An Abstract of a Presentation before the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Training Conference, Fort Worth, Texas. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(3):16
2015b
Using Dried Blood Drops for Determining the Area of Origin, Science or Science Fiction? An Abstract of a Presentation before the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Training Conference, Fort Worth, Texas. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(3):16
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The Role of Logic in Bloodstain Analysis an Crime Scene Reconstruction. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 8(3):15-19.
1992b
Modelling Impact Spatter as a Method of Differentiation. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, ___(__):1-15.
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Considerations in Crime Scene Analysis. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 10(2):10-18.
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Computer Aided Analysis Limitations and Capabilities. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 11(3):15-22.
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Deformation Levels of Blood Droplets Created by Impact. A Presentation before the International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts, November 9, Albuquerque, NM.
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Deformation Levels in Blood Droplets Created by Impact Events. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 1391):3-20.
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Directionality in Swipe Patterns. Journal of Forensic Identification, 52(5):579-598.
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Defining the Diameter of the Smallest Parent Stain Produced by a Drip. Journal of Forensic Identification, 56(2):210
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Defining a Methodology for Bloodstain Analysis. Journal of Forensic Identification, 56(4):549-557.
2009a
Volume, the Ignored Variable. Abstract of the Presentations given at the IABPA Training Conference, Portland, Oregon, October 6-9, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 25(4):19.
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2010
Scientific Method in Crime Scene Analysis, A BPA Case Study. Abstract of the Presentations given at the Annual Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Symposium, Ames, Iowa, August 17-19, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 26(3):9.
2011
Investigation of a Model for Stain Selection and a Robust Estimation for Area of Origin in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 27(4):12.
Illes, M., and M. Boué 2011 Investigation of a Model for Stain Selection in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Journal of the Canadian Society of Forensic Science, 44(1):1-12 2013
Robust Estimation for Area of Origin in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis via Directional Analysis. Forensic Science International, 226(1):223-229.
Illes, M., A.L. Carter, P.L. Latrunus, and A.B. Yamashita (also cited as Illes as the sole author) 2005 Use of the BackTrack Computer Program for Bloodstain Pattern Analysis of Stains from Downward Moving Drops. Journal of the Canadian Society of Forensic Science, 38(4):213-217. Illes, M.B., I. Dalley, P.E. Kish, and M.C. Taylor 2010 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Part 1. Training and Educational Materials. Journal of the Canadian Society of Forensic Science, 43(1): Illes, M.B., I. Dalley, P.E. Kish, M.C. Taylor, and A.B. Yamashita 2010 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Part 1: Training and Educational Materials. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 26(4):3-9. http://iabpa.org/iabpa%20news%20december%202010.pdf Illes, M., and T. Stotesbury 2016 Development of an Application Method for a Zone Stain Selection Model in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal, 49(1):19-25.
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International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Basic Course Requirements. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts Association News, 23(1):20-24. http://iabpa.org/march%202007%20final.pdf
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2003
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2006a
Motel Mayhem – Bloodstain Pattern Analysis of Three Homicide Cases. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 18-20, Corning, New York. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.18.
2006b
The Significance of Limited Quantities of Impact Spatter Associated with Beating Scenes. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the First European IABPA Conference, Middelburg, Zeeland, The Netherlands, February 13-15, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, p.26.
2006c
Limitations on Quantities of Impact Spatter Associated with Beating Scenes. Abstract of the Presentation given at the 18 th International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences: Classroom to Courtroom, Fremantle, Western Australia, April 2-7, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, June, p.29.
2008a
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in a Quadruple Homicide and Attempted Suicide. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Second European IABPA Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-4, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, September, p.17.
2008b
Quadruple Homicide – An International Incident? Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.17.
2009
An Interesting Bloodstain Pattern. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 25(3):13 http://iabpa.org/september%202009%20news.pdf
2010
The Use of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in Self Defense Issues – Two Case Examples. Abstract of a Presentation given at the IABPA Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 26(2):5.
2011
Final Voyage. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 27(4):10.
2012a
Research Project on Saliva/Blood Mixtures. Abstract of a Presentation at the Fourth International IABPA Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, November 12-14. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(4):18.
2012b
Machete and Rum Party at a Homeless Campsite. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, Tucson, Arizona, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(3):14.
2015
Bloodstain Patterns Produced in Fatalities Due to Medical Conditions. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Fifth European International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts, Rome, Italy. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):29
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2005d
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Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in Fire Scenes – Determining a Point of Origin Using BackTrack®. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 18-20, Corning, New York. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, pp.20-21.
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Advances in Computer Software: Documenting and Analyzing Spatter Stain Groups with HemoSpat®. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Fifth European International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts, Rome, Italy. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):41
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The Application of Visible Wavelength Refelctance Hyperspectal Imaging for the Detection and Identification of Blood Stains. Science & Justice, 54(6):432-438.
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Bloodstain Pattern Analysis on Non-Perpendicular Surfaces Employing the BackTrack Suite of Programs. Bachelor of Science Thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Prehistoric Organic Residue Analysis: The Future Meets the Past. In A Community of Culture, edited by W. Ambrose, A. Andrews, R. Jones, A. Thorne, M. Spriggs, and D. Yen, pp. 56-72. Occasional Papers Volume 21. Department of Prehistory, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, Canberra.
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Preserving Bloodstain Evidence at Crime Scenes. Law and Order Magazine, _(_):
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Preserving Bloodstain Evidence. Identification News, 27(8):10-12.
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On Measuring the Volume of Very Small Drops of Fluid Blood and Correlation of this Relationship to Bloodstain Diameter. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, March:12-21.
1990b
Beverly Isn’t Here, We See Her Face No More, Neville Knew It Wasn’t H2O, He Used…. Journal of the Canadian Society of Forensic Science, 23(4):133.
1990c
Errors in Blood Droplet Impact Angle Reconstruction Using a Protractor: Letter. Journal of Forensic Identification, 40(4):
1992a
Segments in History: The Literature of Bloodstain Pattern Interpretation. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 8(1):3-12
1992b
The Literature of Bloodstain Pattern Interpretation: 1901-1910. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 8(4):522. (also cited as Segments of History in the Documentation of Bloodstain Pattern Interpretation – Segment 01:1901-1910)
1993a
Bloodstain Patterns, Laboratory of Forensic Science, Corning, New York, Golas Printing, New York, NY.
1993b
In Search of the Holy Grail: Part I. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 9(1):11-18.
1993c
The Literature of Bloodstain Pattern Interpretation – 1800s. Journal of Forensic Identification, 43(3):313-334.
1993d
The Literature of Bloodstain Pattern Interpretation: 1911-1920. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 9(2):410.
1994a
The Literature of Bloodstain Pattern Interpretation: 1921-1930. International Assiciation of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 10(1):614.
1994b
A Scientist's Comments on the Police Officer as a Bloodstain Pattern Analyst. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 10(2):6-9.
1995
Balthazard was Great, but He Didn't String Us Along. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 11(1):10-13.
1996a
Crime Scene Evidence – Blood Spatters and Smears and Other Physical Evidence. Quinnipiac Health Law Journal, 1:33-45.
1996b
No More Strings, No More Computers, Just Simple Mathematics, That’s All It Takes. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 12(1):10-14.
1997
Bloodstain Patterns, Revised, Laboratory of Forensic Science, Corning, NY.
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The Bloodstain Spatter pattern That Wasn’t. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 9-11, Odessa, Texas. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, pp.7-8.
2004a
Another Confusing Bloodstain Pattern. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 6-8, Tucson, Arizona. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.10.
2004b
Another Confusing Bloodstain Pattern. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 20(3):11-14. http://www.iabpa.org/sept2004news.pdf
2005
Bloodstain Patterns, Second Revised Edition. Golos Printing, Elmira, New York
2006a
A Brief Review of the Literature on Bloodstain Pattern Interpretation before 1901. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 18-20, Corning, New York. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.21.
2006b
Herbie’s Angels. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 18-20, Corning, New York. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, pp.21-22.
2009
Cohesion, Wettability, and Blood Drops that Land on a Mooth, Hard Surface. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 25(3):4-7. http://iabpa.org/september%202009%20news.pdf
2010
An Amazing Microscope. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 26(1):13-22. http://iabpa.org/march%202010%20news.pdf
2011
Credit Where It's Due. Journal of Forensic Identification, 61(3):210-221.
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Visualisation of Cast-Off Patterns. Abstract of a Presentation at the Fourth International IABPA Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, November 12-14. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(4):10.
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An Introduction to HemoSpat. Abstract of a Presentation at the Fourth International IABPA Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, November 12-14. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(4):17.
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Visualization of Cast-Off Patterns. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, Tucson, Arizona, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(3):16-17.
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Down, But Not Out. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 1-4, San Antonio, Texas. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.10.
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Looking Beyond the Obvious. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Second European IABPA Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-4, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, September, p.18.
2008b
Haditha Iraq: Unique Challenges for BPA in a Combat Area. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.15.
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Bachelor of Science (Bloodstain Pattern Analysis): Development of a Discipline Specific Curriculum. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, pp.16-17.
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Uncertainty in the Estimated Angles of Impact of Freely Falling Blood Drops. A Presentation before the 57th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 21-26, 2005, New Orleans, Louisiana.
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Crime Scene Reconstruction from Bloodstains. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 29(2):69-78.
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Oscillating Blood Droplets: Implications for Crime Scene Reconstruction. Science & Justice, 36(3):161-171.
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2006
A Comparative Analysis of Bloodstains. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the First European IABPA Conference, Middelburg, Zeeland, The Neterlands, February 13-15, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, p.20.
2008a
Determining Layering of Bloodstains and Their Sequence. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Second European IABPA Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-4, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, September, p.21.
2008b
Study of Sequencing Bloodstain Layers. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.13.
2011
Shots in the Dark. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 27(4):11.
2015
The Report Everyone Wants to Write. An Abstract of a Presentation before the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Training Conference, Fort Worth, Texas. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(3):14
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Reynolds, Mark 2001 An Evaluation of the One Step ABAcard Hematrace Test for the Qualitative Detection of Human Blood at Crime Scenes. Unpublished Undergraduate Research Project, Canberra Institute of Technology, Canberra, Australia 2003a
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in Western Australia. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 9-11, Odessa, Texas. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, pp.4.
2003b
Target Surface Influence on Angle of Impact. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 9-11, Odessa, Texas. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, pp.4-5.
2004
The ABAcard® Hematrace®: Confirmatory Identification of Human Blood Located at Crime Scenes. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 20(2):4-10. http://iabpa.org/june2004news.pdf
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Bloodstain Pattern Analysis and IABPA Region VI “A Discipline in Development”. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 21(3):4-11.
2006
The Development of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in Western Australia. Abstract of the Presentation given at the 18th International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences: Classroom to Courtroom, Fremantle, Western Australia, April 2-7, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, June, p.30.
2007a
Blood Droplet Diameter versus Bloodstain Width: The Misconception. A Presentation at the 92nd International Educational Conference of the International Association for Identification, July 22-28, 2007, San Diego, California.
2007b
Microsoft® Office Excel 2003 and the Bloodstain Measurement Process. A Presentation at the 92nd International Educational Conference of the International Association for Identification, July 22-28, 2007, San Diego, California.
2008a
Measurements of Bloodstain Using Microsoft® Excel Autoshapes: An Accurate and Precise Bloodstain Measurement System. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, pp.11-12.
2008b
Bloodstain Size, Shape and Formation: Implications for the Bloodstain Pattern Analyst. University of Western Australia, School of Anatomy and Human Biology
2009a
Development of a Laboratory Specific Fabrics BPA Course. Abstract of the Presentations given at the IABPA Training Conference, Portland, Oregon, October 6-9, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 25(4):17.
2009b
BPA and the Andrew Mallard Case. Abstract of the Presentations given at the IABPA Training Conference, Portland, Oregon, October 6-9, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 25(4):21.
2012
Australian Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (BPA) Training and Education: A Response to Judicial Scrutiny. A Presentation before the 64th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Forensic Sciences, Global Research: The Forensic Science Edge, February 20-25, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Packed Cell Colume: Influence of Angle of Impact Calculations. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, pp.12-13.
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Scientific Working Group on Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: Topics to Consider in Preparation for an Admissibility Hearing on Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Forensic Science Communications, 10(1): http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/current/standards/2008_01_standards03.htm
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BPA in a Stomping Death Murder Investigation. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Fifth European International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts, Rome, Italy. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):30
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Shulz, Martin 2015 Shoot Down or Battered to Death? Limitations of Current Forensic Near Infrared (NIR) Crime Site Investigation Techniques. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Fifth European International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts, Rome, Italy. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):33 Sidorov, V.L., M.V. Maiatskaia, A.G. Smolianitski, and R.V. Babakhanian 1998 Establishing the Presence of Blood in Stains for Material Evidence by Using the Luminescent Blood Test. Sud Med Ekspert, 41(6):2023. Sikirzhytskaya, A., V. Sikirzhytski, G. McLaughlin, and I.K. Lednev 2013 Forensic Identification of Blood in the Presence of Contaminations Using Raman Microspectroscopy Coupled with Advanced Statistics: Effects of Sand, Dust and Soil. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 58(5):1141-1148. Silenieks, Edmund 2006 The Detection of Salivary Amylase in Expirated Blood Patterns. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 22(2):59. http://iabpa.org/june%202006.pdf 2014
The Influence of Fabric Construction on Bloodstain and Blood Clot Formation on Clothing. Proceedings of the 2014 IABPA Annual Conference Held in Portland, Maine, September 30-October 3, (Abstract), Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 30(4):6.
2015
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Downunder - A Discussion on the Status of BPA in the Australasian Region. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society's 22nd International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):19
Silenieks, E., C. Atkinson, and C. Pearman 2004 Use of the ABAcard® Hematrace® for the Detection of Higher Primate Blood in Bloodstains. A Presentation before the 17th International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Wellington, New Zealand. Silenieks, Edmund, Andrew Donnelly, Christopher Peters, and Mark Reynolds 2015 The Interaction of Blood with Fabrics. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society's 22nd International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):19 Sims, Erin 2008 Bloodstain Patterns Help Tell the Story When the Victim Can’t… or Won’t. Abstract of the Scientific Presentations at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.19. 2012
"How Much Blood is that & How did it Get There?" Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, Tucson, Arizona, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 28(3):19.
Singley, Lee Ann 2006a We Got Our Man (In More Ways than One). Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 18-20, Corning, New York. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.23. 2006b
We Got Our Man (In More Ways than One). Abstract of a Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the First European IABPA Conference, Middelburg, Zeeland, The Neterlands, February 13-15, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, March, p.21.
2010
Context Bias in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis – How Much Information is too Much. Abstract of the Presentations given at the Annual
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Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Symposium, Ames, Iowa, August 17-19, International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, 26(3):11. 2013
Context Bias in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: How Much Information is too Much? Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, San Diego, California, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 29(3-4):27.
2015a
Fabrics and Training and Reports.....Oh My! An Abstract of a Presentation before the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Training Conference, Fort Worth, Texas. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(3):15
2015b
A "Bloody Good" Product - Development and Implementation of a Quality Assurance Program in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society's 22nd International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):19
2015c
Shedding Light on "The Dark Side" - Views from a Forensic Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Consultant. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society's 22nd International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):20
Sikirzhytskaya, Aliaksandra, Vitali Sikirzhytski, Gregory McLaughlin, and Igor K. Lednev 2013 Forensic Identification of Blood in the Presence of Contaminations Using Raman Microscpectroscopy Coupled with Advanced Statistics: Effect of Sand, Dust, and Soil. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 58(5):1141-1148. Silenieks, Edmund, Andrew Donnelly, and Chris Peters 2013 The Interaction of Blood with Fabrics. Abstract of a Presentation at the Annual IABPA Training Conference, San Diego, California, Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 29(3-4):18. Silenieks, Edmund, and Mark Reynolds 2015 Spatter Reassignment - When Transfer Looks Like Spatter on Fabric. An Abstract of a Presentation before the Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society's 22nd International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, 31(1):25 Slater, Julian 1995 Techniques for the Enhancement of Two-Dimensional Footwear Impressions in Blood. European Meeting for Shoeprint/Toolmark Examiners, Helsinki, Finland. Slemko, Joseph A. 1999 Bloodstains on Fabric: The Effects of Dropet Velocity and Fabric Composition. A Presentation before the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts, November 9, Houston, Texas. 2003
Bloodstains on Fabric: The Effects of Droplet Velocity and Fabric Composition. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, December, 19(4):3-11. http://iabpa.org/december2003news.pdf
2004a
Bloodstains on Fabrics. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 6-8, Tucson, Arizona. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.7.
2004b
Innovative Application of Bloodstain pattern Analysis. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 6-8, Tucson, Arizona. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, p.7.
2005
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Regina v. Sion Jenkins. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 1-4, San Antonio, Texas. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, pp.8-9.
Slemko, Joe, and Norman Reeves 2004 Bangkok, Thailand Case Study – Murder or Suicide. Abstract of a Paper Presented at the International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Annual Conference, October 6-8, Tucson, Arizona. International Association of Blood Pattern Analysts Newsletter, December, pp.13-14. Sloan, Monica, and Cecilia Hageman 2006 DNA Profiling from Contact Lens Fluid; Bloodstain Patterns from a Possible Case of " Curbing"; a Case Study. A Presentation before the 58th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 20-25, Seattle, Washington. Smit, B. 2008
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2004b
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2006a
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2006b
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Urine stains visualized using a forensic light source
Other Blood and Body Fluid Topics Urine , sperm, vaginal fluid, and saliva are common in violent crime scenes. Unlike blood, however, the transluscence or colorless nature, and relative lesser quantities, make it more difficult to recognize and therefore collect such stains without the applications of stains ,dyes, and/or presumptive tests. This category in the bibliography includes references which address some of these methods as well as serological tests which are not in prior categories. (744 citations)
Adamo, R., and L. Kobilinisky 1984 The Simultaneous Electrophoretic Analysis of Esterase D and Phosphoglucomutase Subtyping in Fresh Blood and in Dried Bloodstains. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 29(2):436-444. Adams,E.G., and B.G. Wraxall 1974 Phosphatases in Body Fluids: The Differentiation of Semen and Vaginal Secretion. Forensic Science, 3:57-62. Adler, O. and R. Adler 1983 The Reaction of Certain Organic Compounds with Blood, with Particular Reference to Blood Identification. Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem., 41, 59, (1904). (Translation presented in Gaensslen, editor. Sourcebook in Forensic Serology, Immunology and Biochemistry, United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., Unit 9. Aernecke, Matthew R., Thomas A. Kubic, and Peter R. De Forest 2003 Hematoporphyrin Fluorescence as a Test for Blood: Alternative Methods and Potential Interferences. A paper presented before the 55th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, February 21, 2003. Agner, Carl J., and Patrick A. Taylor 2002 Using Bloodstain Evidence to Fit Your Department Needs. A lecture before the International Association for Identification, Las Vegas, Nevada, August 7, 2002. Akkaya, Harun, Yasemin Balci, Varol Sahintürk, Setenay Öner, and Kenan Karbeyaz 2013 Time-Dependent Changes of Sperm Cells in Human Ejaculate Samples Added in Various Liquid Media. Forensic Science International, 231:325-330. Akutsu, T., K. Watanabe, H. Fukushima, Y. Fujinami, and K. Sakurada 2011 Development of a Systematic Method for Identifying Saliva, Sweat and Urine by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Statherin, Dermcidin and Tamm-Horsfall Protein Markers. Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology, 16(1):1-11.
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Akutsu, T., K. Watanabe, Y. Fujinami, and K. Sakurada 2010 Applicability of ELISA Detection of Statherin for Forensic Identification of Saliva. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 124:493498. Akutsu, Tomoko, Hiroshi Ikegaya, Ken Watanabe, Hisayo Fukushima, Hisako Motani, Hirotaro Iwase, and Koichi Sakurada 2010 Evaluation of Tamm-Horsfall Protein and Uroplakin III for Forensic Identification of Urine. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 55(3):742746. Akutsu, T., H. Motani, K. Watanabe, H. Iwase, and K. Sakurada 2012 Detection of Bacterial 16S Ribosomal RNA Genes for Forensic Identification of Vaginal Fluid. Legal Medicine, 14:160-162. Akutsu, Tomoko, Ken Watanabe, and Koichi Sakurada 2012 Specificity, Sensitivity, and Operability of RSID™-Urine for Forensic Identification of Urine: Comparison with ELISA for TammHorsfall Protein. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 57(6):1570Allard, J.E. 1997 The Collection of Data from Findings in Cases of Sexual Assault and the Significance of Spermatozoa on Vaginal, Anal and Oral Swabs. Science and Justice, 37(2):99-108. Allen, Dale E. 1983 Effects of Blood on Gunshot and Gunpowder Residue. AFTE Journal, 15(2):102-103. Allen, J., M.E. Newman, M. Riford, and G.H. Archer 1995 Blood and Plant Residues on Hawaiian Stone Tools from Two Archaeological Sites in Upland Kne'ohe, Ko'olau Poko District, O'ahu Island. Asian Perspective, 34:283-302. Allen, S.M. 1995 An Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Detection of Seminal Fluid Using a Monoclonal Antibody to Prostatic Acid Phosphatase. Journal of Immunoassay, 16(3):297-308. Allery. J-P, N. Telmon, R. Mieusset, A. Blanc, and D. Rougé 2001 Cytological Detection of Spermatozoa: Comparison of Three Staining Methods. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 46(2):349-351. Alonso, A. 1988 Group Specific Component Subtyping in Bloodstains by Seperator Isoelectric Focusing in Micro-Ultrathin Polyacrylamide Gels Followed by Immunoblotting. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 33(5):1267-1272. An, J.H., K.J. Shin, W.I. Yang, and H.Y. Lee 2012 Body Fluid Identification in Forensics. BMB Rep, 45:545-553. Andrasko, J., and B. Rosén 1994 Sensitive Identification of Hemoglobin in Bloodstains frm Different Species by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Combined UV and Fluorescence Detection. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 39(4):1018-1025. Andrus, R.H. 1981 Phenotyping of Carbonic Anhydrase II in Fresh Blood and Bloodstains on Cellulose Acetate Membranes. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 26(1): Anonymous n.d. Forensic Serology http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/425/425lect13.htm Ansell, R. 2002 Secondary Transfer of Seminal Constituents. Journal of the Canadian Society of Forensic Science, 35(1): Antunes, Joana, Tania Madi, Robin Bombardi, Kuppareddi Balamurugan, George T. Duncan, and Bruce R. McCord 2014 Epigenetic Methylation Markers as a Powerful Technique to Discriminate Body Fluids Present in Crime Scenes. A Presentation before the 66th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 17-22, Seattle, Washington Ascenzi, A., M. Brunori, G. Citro, and R. Zito 1985 Immunological Detection of Hemoglobin in Bones of Ancient Roman Times and of Iron and Eneolithic Ages. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 82: 7170-7172. Astrup, Birgitte Schmidt, Jørgen Lange Thomsen, Jens Lauritsen, and Pernille Ravn 2012 Detection of Spermatozoa Following Consensual Sexual Intercourse. Forensic Science International, 221:137-141. Austin, Kabre Shiva S., Oluseyi A. Vanderpuye, and Dwayne Goolsby 2011 ABO Blood Group Antigens and Mucin-Like Proteins in Human Buccal Cells. A Poster Presentation before the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 21-26, Chicago, Illinois.
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Auvdel, M.J. 1986 Amylase Levels in Semen and Saliva Stains. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 31(2):426-431. 1987
Comparison of Laser and Ultraviolet Techniques Used in the Detection of Body Secretions. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 32(2):326345.
1988
Comparison of Laser and High-Intensity Quartz Arc Tubes in the Detection of Body Secretions. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 33(4):929-945.
Baechtel, F.S. 1985 Secreted Blood Group Substances: Distributions in Semen and Stabilities in Dried Semen Stains. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 30(4)1119-1129. 1988
The Identification and Individualization of Semen Stains. In R.Saferstein, editor, Forensic Science Handbook, Volume 2, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NY, pp. 347-392.
Baechtel, F.S. J. Brown, and L.D. Terrell 1987 Presumptive Screening of Suspected Semen Stain In Situ Using Cotton Swabs and Bromochloroindolyl Phosphate to Detect Prostatic Acid Phosphatase Activity. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 32(4): Bai, P., W. Deng, L. Wang, B. Long, K. Liu, W. Liang, et al. 2013 Micro RNA Profiling for the Detection and Differentiation of Body Fluids in Forensic Stain Analysis. Forensic Science International, Genetic Supplemental Series, 4:e216-e217. Baker, R.R., and M.A. Bellis 1993 Human Sperm Competition: Ejaculate Manipulation by Females and Function for the Female Orgasm. Animal Behavior, 46:887-909. Ballantyne, J. 2000 Serology: Overview. In J.A. Siegal, P.A. Suakko, and G.C. Knupfer, Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences, Academic Press, London, UK., pp.1322-1331. Baranovienë, R., and O. Petrudkienë 2005 Possibilities of Use of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Membrane Test for Detection of Semen in Forensic Stains. Medicinos Teoriga Ir Praktika, 4393):189-191. Barčot, O., M. Balarin, O. Gamulin, D. Ježek, P. Romac, and J. Brbjas-Kraljević 2007 Investigation of Spermatozoa and Seminal Plasma by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Appl Spectrosc, 61(3):309-313. (also cited as 61:1-5) Barnard, P.A., and B.W. Grunbaum 1979 Alteration of Electrophoretic Mobility of Hemoglobin in Bloodstains. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 384-388. Barni, F., A. Berti, C. Rapone, and G. Lago 2006 α-Amylase Kinetic Test in Bodily Single and Mixed Stains. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 51(6):1389-1396. Bartick, E.G. 2002 Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy in Criminal Forensic Analysis. In J.M. Chalmers and P.R> Griffiths, editors, Handbook of Vibrational Spectroscopy, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK. pp.1-13. Bauer, M., andD.Patzelt 2003 Protamine mRNA as Molecular Marker for Spermatozoa in Semen Stains. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 117:175-179. Bauer, Martin, Silke Polzin, and Dieter Patzelt 2003 Quantification of RNA Degradation by Semi-Quantitative Suplex and Competitive RT-PCR: A Possible Indicator of the Age of Bloodstains? Forensic Science International, 138:94-103. (also cited as 3(1-3):94-103.) Baxter, S.J., and B. Rees 1975 The Identification of Saliva in Stains in Forensic Casework. Medicine, Science and the Law, 15(1):37-41. Bayford, Frank 1979 Sweat. The Identification Officer, 20(7-8): Bedrosian, J.L., M.D. Stolorow, and M.A. Tahir 1984 Development of a Radial Gel Diffusion Technique for the Identification of Urea in Urine Stains. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 29(2):601-606. Bemelsmans, Elena A., Donald F. Siwek, Robin W. Cotton, and Amy N. Brodeur 2015 Effects of Decomposition on the Recoverability of Bioloical Fluid Evidence. A Presentation before the 67th Annual Scientific Meeting
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of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 16-21, Orlando, Florida. Benschop, Corina C.G., Fredericke C.A. Quaak, et al. 2012 Viginal Microbial Flora Analysis by Next Generation Sequencing and Microarrays; Can Micorbes Indicate Vaginal Origin in a Forensic Context? International Journal of Legal Medicine, 126(2):303-310. Ben Yousef, N., J. Almog, A. Frank, E. Springer, and A.A. Cantu 1998 Hort UV Luminescence for Forensic Applications: Design of a Real Time Observation System for Detection of Latent Fingerprints and Body Fluids, Journal of Forensic Sciences, 43:299-304. Berns, B., and J. Lötterle 1988 Micromethod for MN Antigen Grouping of Dried Bloodstains. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 33(1): Berti, A., A. Virili, G. D'Errico, G. Vespi, G. Lago, and A. Cavazzana 2005 Expression of Seminal Vesicle-Specific Antigen in Serum of Lung Tumor Patients. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 50(5):1114-1115. Betset, P., S. Srettabunjong, S. Limawongpranee, and P. Ekpo 2012 The Sensitivity of the Detection of Prostate Specific Antigen in Semen by ELISA. Ramathibodi Medical Journal, 35:70-78. Blackledge, R.S. 1996 Condom Trace Evidence: A New Factor in Sexual Assault Investigations. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 65(5):12-16. Blake, E.T., and G.F. Sensabaugh 1976 Genetic Markers in Human Semen: A Review. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 21(4): 1978
Genetic Markers in Human Semen, II: Quantitation of Polymorphic Proteins. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 23(4):
Bolton, S., and J. Thorpe 1986 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for A and B Water Soluble Blood Group Substances. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 31(1): 1988
An Examination of a Contaminated Seminal Stain Using Absorption-Elution and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Journal of Forensic Sciences, 33(3):797-800.
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Cavness, Shannon, Asha Choudhury, and George Sensabaugh 2014 Hospital Wet Mount Examination for the Presence of Sperm in Sexual Assault Cases is of Questionable Value. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 59(3):729-734. Cavness, Shannon C., William M. Green, Jennifer S. Mihalovich, Edward A. Panacek, and George F. Sensabaugh 2012 Retrospective Study of 150 Sexual Assault Cases. A Presentation before the 64th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Forensic Sciences, Global Research: The Forensic Science Edge, February 20-25, Atlanta, Georgia. Cerdas, Loreley, Fabiola Herrera, Glenn Arrieta, Concepcion Morelli, Karla Alvarez, and Aaron Gomez 2016 Menstrual Cycle Phase at the Time of Rape Does not Affect Recovery of Semen or Amplification of STR Profiles of a Suspect in Vaginal Swabs. Forensic Science International, 259:36-40. Chang, TSK 1983 Seminal Cytology. In J.H. Geer, editor, Proceedings of a Forensic Science Symposium on the Analysis of Sexual Assault Evidence; July 6-8, Quantico Virginia. United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C. Chapman, Rosa E. 2013 Validation of Semen Detection Kits for Field Application in Sexual Assault Cases. A Presentation before the 65th Anniversary Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 18-23, 2013, Washington, D.C. Chapman, R.L., N.M. Brown, and S.M. Keating 1989 The Isolation of Spermatozoa from Sexual Assault Swabs Using Proteinase K. Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 29(3):207-212. Chase, M.G. 1986 ABO Typing Studies on Liquid Urines. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 31(3):911-915. Chemimage 2015 Hyperspectral Imaging Provides Detection and High Contrast Imaging of Biological Stains. Chemimage Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. http://www.chemimage.com/docs/white-papers/biological-stains-white-paper.pdf Chen, J., L. Kobilinsky, D. Wolosin, R. Shaler, and H. Baum 1998 A Physical Method for Separating Spermatozoa from Epithelial Cells in Sexual Assault Evidence. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 43(1):114-118. Chen, Jian-Hua, Osamu Inamori-Kawamoto, Tomomi Michiue, Sayuko Ikeda, Takaki Ishikawa, and Hitoshi Maeda 2015 Cardiac Biomarkers in Blood, and Pericardial and Cerebrospinal Fluids of Forensic Autopsy Cases: A Reassessment with Special Regard to Postmortem Interval. Legal Medicine, 17(5):343-350. Chen, Jian-Hua, Tomomi Michiue, Osamu Inamori-Kawamoto, Sayuko Ikeda, Takaki Ishikawa, and Hitoshi Maeda 2015 Comprehensive Investigation of Postmortem Glucose Levels in Blood and Body Fluids with Regard to the Cause of Death in Forensic Autopsy Cases. Legal Medicine, 17(6):475-482. Chiasson, D.A., R. Vigorito, Y.S. Lee, and J. Smialek 1994 Interpretation of Post-Mortem Vaginal Acid Phosphatase Determinations. American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology,152:42-46. Child, A.M., and A.M. Pollard 1992 A Review of the Applications on Immunochemistry to Archaeological Bone. Journal of Archaeological Science, 19:39-47. Christian, C.W., J.M. Lavelle, A.R. De Jong, J. Loiselle, L. Brenner, and M. Joffe 2000 Forensic Evidence Findings in Prepubertal Victims of Sexual Assault. Pediatrics, 106(1):100-104. Clift, A., and C.M. Lamont 1974 Saliva in Forensic Odontology, Saliva in Forensic Odontology, Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 14(3):241-245. Collins, Kim A., and Allan T. Bennett 2001 Persistence of Spermatozoa and Prostatic Acid Phosphatase in Specimens from Deceased Individuals During Varied Postmortem
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