technicaltips forimprovedretention and stabilization of

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RPD can provide additional stability and retention and may prevent such ... terminal abutment would in a Kennedy Class III situation.7 .... partial denture design.
CLINICAL

TECHNICAL TIPS FOR IMPROVED RETENTION AND STABILIZATION OF A UNILATERAL REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURE Bulent Uludag, DDS, PhD; Gozde Celik, DDS, PhD An advantage of unilateral removable partial dentures (RPDs) is the lack of a major connector, but easy dislodgement of this design may cause several complications. Implant support of a unilateral RPD can provide additional stability and retention and may prevent such complications as aspiration or swallowing. Key Words: unilateral RPD; retention

INTRODUCTION

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nilateral removable partial dentures (RPDs) have been suggested for the restoration of short-span, bounded edentulous spaces. An advantage of this restoration is the avoidance of an extensive palatal or lingual major connector; however, the design provides no cross-arch stabilization, which can result in easy dislodgement1 and additional complications.2 Consequently, an RPD with a cross-arch stabilization3 or an implant-retained fixed partial denture (FPD) is generally preferred.4 Limited residual anatomy and close proximity of the maxillary sinus may not allow ideal location or number of implants to support FPD, and the patient may be unable or unwilling to undergo implant site development procedures in the form of grafting or augmentation to allow placement of an adequate number of ideally located implants.5,6 The creation of posterior implant support for a removable prosthesis would appear to be an obvious improvement over the conventional distal extension base.7 A dental implant can convert a distal extension RPD base from a tooth- and tissue-supported prosBulent Uludag, DDS, PhD, is a professor and Gozde Celik, DDS, PhD, is a research assistant in the Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. Address correspondence to Dr Bulent Uludag, Ankara Universitesi Dis Hekimligi Fakultesi, Protetik Dis Tedavisi Ab. D., 06500 BesevlerAnkara, Turkey (e-mail: [email protected]).

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thesis to a tooth- and implant-supported and retained prosthesis. A posterior implant with a resilient frictional abutment complex that is retentive and provides a definitive stop can provide stability and virtually eliminate problems often associated with a tooth- and tissue-supported distal extension RPD.8 Another advantage of an implant-retained prosthesis is that the extension of the base can be reduced, because the implant provides the same stability as a terminal abutment would in a Kennedy Class III situation.7 The degree of prosthesis retention and stability is based on attachment type, design, alignment, and position.9 Stud attachments have been successfully used to stabilize and retain implant-supported RPDs.7,8,10 This report describes technical tips for creating an implant-retained unilateral RPD with an extracoronal attachment on terminal abutment of the adjacent residual tooth.

TECHNIQUE 1. After preparation of abutment teeth, place the impression coping (Zimmer Dental, Carlsbad, Calif) onto the implant (Tapered Screw-Vent, Zimmer Dental). Make the impression with an elastomeric material (Speedex, Coltene/Whaledent, Altstatten, Switzerland) using a putty-wash technique and a

Bulent Uludag, Gozde Celik

FIGURES 1–3. FIGURE 1. (a) Waxed-up crowns with distally placed attachment and selected alignment correction abutment in place. Buccal view. (b) Waxed-up crowns with distally placed attachment and selected alignment correction abutment in place. Occlusal view. FIGURE 2. Framework on the model. FIGURE 3. Completed unilateral removable partial denture.

stock tray. Make the impression of mandibular arch (CA37, Cavex Holland BV, Haarlem, Netherlands). Pour the casts in Type IV stone (Bego, Bremen, Germany). Select the proper alignment correction abutment (ERA, Sterngold, Attleboro, Mass) on the implant. 2. Mount the casts prepared from preliminary impressions into a semiadjustable articulator (Dentatus ARH, Stockholm, Sweden) using a face-bow and the centric relation record. 3. Wax up crowns and use a surveyor (Bego) to mill their palatal surfaces for stability and retention. Place the attachment (Snap-riegel, Servo-dental, Hagen, Germany) on the distal surface of the crown wax-up using a surveyor (Bego) (Figures 1a and b) and cast in a base-metal alloy (Kera N, Eisenbacher Dentalwaren GmbH, Noerth, Germany). Verify the fit intraorally. After completing the metal-ceramic

restoration (Omega 900, VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany), evaluate esthetics and occlusion intraorally. Make a secondary impression on both the ceramometal restoration and the impression coping on the implant (Impregum, 3M ESPE, St Paul, Minn). Pour the impression with Type III stone (Moldano Dental Stone, Bayer Co, Leverkusen, Germany). 4. Mount the maxillary cast onto the semiadjustable articulator (Dentatus ARH) using a face-bow and new centric relation record. 5. Cast the RPD framework in a base-metal alloy (Biosil-F, Degussa, Hanau, Germany) (Figure 2). Verify the framework fit intraorally. Arrange the teeth (Major, Major Prodotti Dentari, Torino, Italy). After completing the denture (Figure 3), cement the ceramometal restorations with polycarboxilate cement (Durelon, 3M ESPE) and verify proper occlusion. Transfer the direct abutment with attachment Journal of Oral Implantology

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pour autopolimerizing acrylic (Meliodent, Heraeus Kulzer, Wehrhein, Germany) from the opening of RPD. Remove the denture from the mouth (Figure 5). Put self-curing cement (Alpha-Dent, Dental Technologist Inc, Lincolnwood, Ill) into the abutment base to fix the determined position of alignment correction piece to the base of the abutment and cement them to each other by placing the denture into the mouth on the proper occlusion. 7. Remove the denture and clean excessive cement and acrylic resin. Replace the processing plastic element with proper retentive element (Figure 6).

SUMMARY This article describes an alternative treatment option to add retention and stability to a unilateral RPD through the use of an extracoronal attachment and posterior implant support.

REFERENCES

FIGURES 4–6. FIGURE 4. Block out of attachment before metal housing and processing plastic element were incorporated into the denture. FIGURE 5. Removed denture after incorporation of attachment to the denture. FIGURE 6. Finished unilateral removal partial denture.

(ERA) onto the implant intraorally. Block out attachment undercuts with glove material. Place a metal housing with processing plastic element onto the attachment. 6. Place the unilateral RPD in the mouth (Figure 4),

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1. Barker D, Cooper A. A novel use of a unilateral hinged partial denture. Br Dent J. 2006;201:571–573. 2. Goodacre CJ. A dislodged and swallowed unilateral removable partial denture. J Prosthet Dent. 1987;58:124–125. 3. Carr AB, McGivney GP, Brown DT. Principles of removable partial denture design. In: McGivney GP, Castleberry DJ, eds. McCracken’s Removable Partial Prosthodontics. 9th ed. St Louis, MO: Mosby; 1995:157–158. 4. Ganz SD. The replacement of a unilateral partial denture with an implant supported fixed prosthesis: a clinical report. Implant Dent. 1998;7:159–165. 5. Ulm CW, Solar P, Gsellmann B, Malejka M, Watzek G. The edentulous maxillary alveolar process in the region of the maxillary sinus—a study of physical dimension. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1995;24:279–282. 6. Sadowsky SJ. The implant-supported prosthesis for the edentulous arch: design considerations. J Prosthet Dent. 1997;78: 28–33. 7. Mitrani R, Brudvik JS, Phillips KM. Posterior implants for distal extension removable prostheses: a retrospective study. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2003;23:353–359. 8. Giffin KM. Solving the distal extension removable partial denture base movement dilemma: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent. 1996;76:347–349. 9. Williams BH, Ochiai KT, Hojo S, Nishimura R, Caputo AA. Retention of maxillary implant overdenture bars of different designs. J Prosthet Dent. 2001;86:603–607. 10. Kuzmanovic DV, Payne AGT, Purton DG. Distal implants to modify the Kennedy classification of a removable partial denture: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;92:8–11.