Effect of potassium ions on the formation of crystalline

Effect of potassium ions on the formation of crystalline manganese oxide nanorods via acidic reduction of potassium permanganate Trung-Dung Dang,a,b Arghya Narayan Banerjee, *a Sang Woo Joo,*a and Bong-Ki Minc a

c

School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, South Korea. b School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology,1st DaiCoViet, Hanoi, Vietnam

Center for Research Facilities, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, South Korea.

Corresponding Author *Prof. Sang Woo Joo School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, South Korea Fax: +82 53 810 2062 Tel: +82 53 810 2568 e-mail: [email protected] *Dr. Arghya Narayan Banerjee School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, South Korea Fax: +82 53 810 2062 Tel: +82 53 810 2453 e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

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Supporting Information Part A. Figures

Figure S1. Effect of the annealing time on the density and the morphology of the manganese oxide nanorods for a) 2 hours; b) 5 hours; c) 7 hours, (d) 10 hours.

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Figure S2. TEM images and the corresponding HRTEM images of the nanorods synthesized at two different annealing times of 2 (a, b) and 10 hours (c, d).

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Figure S3. SEM images of the manganese oxide (5 times rinsed sample) at two different annealing times of 15 (a) and 24 hours (b).

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Part B. Analysis data

B1. EDX analysis of KMnO4 (Sigma-Aldrich, Korea, 99.9 %) Element

Atomic %

O

68.72

K

15.59

Mn

15.69

Totals

100.00

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B2. EDX analysis of amorphous manganese oxide (5 times rinsing) Element

Atomic %

Mn

42.12

K

1.12

B3. EDX analysis of manganese oxide after heat treatment (5 times rinsing) Element

Atomic %

Mn

37.65

K

1.06

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B4. EDX analysis of amorphous manganese oxide (2 times rinsing) Element

Atomic %

Mn

39.14

K

2.13

B5. EDX analysis of manganese oxide after heat treatment (2 times rinsing) Element

Atomic %

Mn

36.25

K

2.07

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B6. EDX analysis of amorphous manganese oxide (no rinsing) Element

Atomic %

Mn

31.52

K

3.54

B7. EDX analysis of manganese oxide after heat treatment (no rinsing) Element

Atomic %

Mn

34.27

K

3.64

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B8. TGA analysis of amorphous manganese oxide

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