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ABSTRACT. In the present work an attempt has been made to investigate the performance of the single slope solar still by adding sensible energy storage.
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 7, Issue 4, July–Aug 2016, pp.1–7, Article ID: IJMET_07_04_001 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=7&IType=4 Journal Impact Factor (2016): 9.2286 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359 © IAEME Publication

EFFECT OF SENSIBLE ENERGY STORAGE MEDIUM ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SOLAR STILL Devashish Tiwari and Dr. Ajeet Kumar Rai Department of Mechanical Engineering SSET, SHIATS, Allahabad, India ABSTRACT In the present work an attempt has been made to investigate the performance of the single slope solar still by adding sensible energy storage medium in still. For this purpose two similar single slope solar still have been designed and fabricated. Al turning is used in the basin of still to store sensible energy during sunshine hours and delivers the same during off sunshine hours. It is observed that the use of Al turning increases the day time productivity as well as night time productivity. Daily productivity increased by increasing mass of the Al turning. 35% daily productivity is increased by adding 5 kg of Al turning in the basin of the still Key words: Solar Still, Sensible Energy Medium Cite this Article: Devashish Tiwari and Dr. Ajeet Kumar Rai, Effect of Sensible Energy Storage Medium on The Productivity of Solar Still. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 7(4), 2016, pp. 1–7. http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=7&IType=4

1. INTRODUCTION Water is a gift from God and it plays key role in the development of an economy and in turn for the welfare of a nation. The available fresh water in the earth is fixed. The demand for fresh water is increased rapidly due to population growth and rapid industrialization. Non-availability of drinking water is one of the major problems faced by both developed and developing countries. Solar still desalination system offers sustainable tools for freshwater production. But solar desalination systems yields low productivity in compare to conventional distillation systems. Many researchers have attempted to improved solar still productivity by different modification in still. Akash et al (1998) studies the different absorbing materials such as black rubber matt, black ink and black dyes. Experimental results shows that black dyes give the best results .El-Sebaii et al (2000) investigated annual performance of the still use of mica plates. Mica plates give higher production than metallic plates.

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Rahim(2003) investigated annual performance of the still with Aluminium sheet as heat storage material. Average system efficiency and productivity are more than of a shallow basin still. Abdallah et al (2009) investigate a nnual performance of the still with lack coated and uncoated metallic wiry sponges and black rocks. Black rock gives the best overall production rate. Panchal et al (2011) investigated annual performance of the still. A solar still with Aluminium and galvanised plate, Aluminium plate still gave more output compared with the galvanised plate still.

2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND EXPERIMENTS Aluminium turning in the basin of solar still decreases the preheating time required for evaporation of basin water; therefore, the still's productivity increases. Two similar single slope solar still are fabricated with the basin area of the still is 1 m2 .The still cover was made of window glass with thickness 5 mm and was tilted by 26 ° with horizontal that equal to the latitude of Allahabad. The still loses heat to ambient through its back and sides due to the difference in temperatures from surrounding; thus, the sides and back of the still were insulated by astyrofoam layer of thickness of 5 cm. The basin and inside surface walls of the still were painted black to absorbed most of the incident solar radiation. During experimental measurements, the temperatures of the still elements were measured with Thermocouples. The solar radiation incident on a horizontal surface was measured using Solarimeter. Experiments were conducted for 5 kg of Aluminium turning when the mass of basin water 16 kg, on the days of November 2015.

Figure1 Photographic view of experimental set up

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Effect of Sensible Energy Storage Medium on The Productivity of Solar Still

3. INTERPRETATION AND DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS

Intensity(W/m2 )

Experiments were carried out for many days with 3 kg and 5 kg Al turning in the basin. For the purpose of comparison with conventional one and for different mass of Al turning, particular days (20/11/2015 and 23/11/2015) reading were considered for analysis. 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0

3 kg

5 kg

Time(hr)

Figure 2 Variation of Solar Intensity with respect to time on different day

Figure 2 shows the variation of solar intensity w.r.t. time of the da for two different days where 3 kg and 5 kg mass of Al turning were used. It is clear from the graph that almost same nature of curve is obtained for solar intensity. The maximum intensity of 840 W/m2 in 3 kg is received at 12:30 hrs and maximum intensity of 890 W/m2 in 5 kg is received at 12:30 hrs. 70

Temperatur(oC)

60 50 40 30 20

Tw with SEM(3kg)

Tw conventional

Tglass with SEM(3kg)

Tglass conventional

10 0

Time(hr)

Figure 3 Variation of water temperature and glass temperature with and without sensible energy storage medium with respect to time on a particular day

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60

Temperatur(oC)

50 40 30 Tw with SEM(5kg)

Tw Conventional

Tglass with SEM(5kg)

Tglass Conventional

20 10 0

Time(hr)

Figure 4 Variation of water temperature and glass temperature with and without sensible energy storage medium with respect to time on a particular day

Productivity(ml)

Figure 3 and 4 shows the Variation of temperature of different component of the still and water of the day for 3 kg and 5 kg Al turning in the basin respectively. it is observed that Maximum water temperature is 550 C and 58 0 C and glass temperature is 540 C and 52 0 C with and without 3 kgAl turning respectively. Maximum water temperature is 48 0 C and 54 0 C and glass temperature is 54 0 C and 49 0 C with and without 5 kgAl turning respectively. 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0

with SEM(3kg)

conventinal

Time(hr)

Figure 5 Productivity of still with and without sensible energy storage medium w.r.t. time

Figure 5 shows the maximum instantaneous productivity for so min-durationis max. 160 ml when 3 kg Al turning used in the basin. But for conventional still, it is 110 ml.

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160 140 Productivity(ml)

120

100 80 60 40 20

with SEM(5 kg)

conventional

0

Time(hr)

Figure 6 Productivity of still with and without sensible energy storage medium w.r.t. time

Figure 6 shows the productivity of still with 5 kg Al turning in the basin and conventional still. Maximum productivity of still is 150 ml and 140 ml with and without Al turning respectively.

Daily 1600

1475

1400

1195

Output(ml)

1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 output with SEM(3kg)

output conventional

Figure 7 Productivity of still with and without sensible energy storage medium

Figure1.3Daily productivity is compare for the still with 3 kg Al turning and conventional shown in figure. Daily and nocturnal productivity is increased by 23.4% and 35.7%.

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Output(ml)

Daily 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0

1635

1220

Output with SEM(5kg)

Output Conventional

Figure 8 Productivity of still with and without sensible energy storage medium

Figure 8 shows Daily productivity is compare for the still with 5 kg Al turning and conventional shown in figure. Daily and nocturnal productivity is increased by 34.01% and 28.5%.

4. CONCLUSION Sensible energy storage mediums (Al turning) of different masses (3 kg and 5 kg) were used in basin of single slope solar still to increase the daily productivity of the still. Performance of solar still with energy storage medium in the basin is compare with that of conventional still. It is observed that the use of al turning in basin increases the day time productivity by 35%. It is further observed that by increasing mass of the al turning from 3 kg to 5 kg in a basin of 1 m2 areas daily productivity increases by 10%.

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