Electronic Supporting Information A Fully Recyclable Heterogenized ...

Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Science. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014

Electronic Supporting Information

A Fully Recyclable Heterogenized Cu Catalyst for the General Carbene Transfer Reaction in Batch and Flow Lourdes Maestre, a Erhan Ozkal,b Carles Ayats,b Álvaro Beltrán,a M. Mar Díaz-Requejo,a,* Pedro J. Péreza,* and Miquel A. Pericàsb,* a

Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química

Sostenible and Departamento de Química y Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad de Huelva , 21007 Huelva, Spain b

Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia,

Spain. c

Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.

Table of contents

1. General Information

S2

2. Synthesis of the polymer-supported copper complex PS-TTMCu(NCMe)PF6.

S2

3. Catalytic experiments under batch conditions

S3

4. Description of the experimental setup for the continuous-flow process

S5

5. Continuous-flow experiment with ethyl diazoacetate and ethanol

S6

6. Continuous flow production of a family of compounds resulting from carbene transfer reactions

S7

1

13

C NMR data for products 1-6

S8

1

13

C NMR spectra for products 1-6

S11

7. H NMR and 8. H NMR and

9. GC chromatograms for products 1-6

S17

S1

1. General Information Unless otherwise stated all the reactions were done under inert conditions (exclusion of air and moisture); under positive pressure of nitrogen (catalyst preparation and batch catalytic experiments) or argon (continuous flow experiments). Reactions were monitored by GC analyses performed on Agilent Technologies model 6890N gas chromatography instrument with a FID detector using 30 m x 0.25 mm HP-5 capillary column [He as carrier gas: 1.2 mL/min; initial temperature: 50 ºC (1.5 min); then heating at a rate of 10 ºC/min till 250 ºC (25 min)]. NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker Advance 300 or 400 Ultrashield NMR 1

spectrometers for H NMR at 300 or 400 MHz and

13

C at 75 or 101 MHz. All samples were recorded in CDCl3.

Chemical shifts (δ) for protons are quoted in parts per million (ppm) downfield from tetramethylsilane and were referenced to residual proton resonances of the NMR solvent. Flash chromatography was carried out using 60 mesh silica gel and dry-packed columns. Commercial materials were used as received with following exceptions: all the solvents were used from a MBRAUN Solvent Purification System, and absolute ethanol was dried over Mg and further kept over activated 4 Å molecular sieves. Tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) hexafluorophosphate, [(CH3CN)4Cu]PF6, was purchased from Aldrich and was stored and used inside a glove box. Ethyl diazoacetate (EDA) was purchased from Aldrich and used as received. Tris(triazolyl)methane 1

2

ligand and polymer-supported ligand were synthesized according to the previously published methods without any modifications. Elemental analyses and analysis of copper content (ICP-OES) were performed by Medac Ltd, Surrey (UK). The products of carbene transfer reactions were identified by comparison of their NMR spectra with those previously reported.

3

2. Synthesis of the polymer-supported copper complex PS-TTMCu(NCMe)PF6. -1

A mixture of PS-supported tris(triazolyl)methoxy ligand (300 mg, 1 equiv., f = 0.495 mmol·g ) and [(CH3CN)4Cu]PF6 (65 mg, 0.176 mmol, 1.20 equiv.) was stirred in 20 mL of dry dichloromethane for 16 h under nitrogen. After filtration, the solid was washed with dry dichloromethane (2 x 20 mL) and petroleum ether (2 x 20 mL) and dried under vacuum. No changes in color were observed in the isolated solid from that of the starting material. In the event that some greenish color was observed, this would be indicative of partial oxidation to Cu(II). This problem can be avoided by working under inert atmosphere. In the case of the catalyst for continuous flow, the procedure for the formation of the Cu(I) complex was carried out inside a glovebox, with the resin sample loaded in the flow column. The column was then taken outside from the glovebox, and was shaken at room temperature under positive pressure of argon for 16 h. The column was then connected to the flow instrument and was washed with dry dichloromethane (20 mL) with a flow rate of 500 µL/min prior to use.

1

a) S. Özçubukçu, E. Ozkal, C. Jimeno, M.A. Pericàs, Org. Lett. 2009, 11, 4680–4683. b) E. Ozkal, P. Llanes, F. Bravo, A. Ferrali, M.A. Pericàs Adv. Synth. Cat. 2014, 356, 857-869. 2 E. Ozkal, S. Özçubukçu, C. Jimeno, M.A. Pericàs Catal. Sci. Technol. 2012, 2, 195-200. 3 a) M. J. Joung, J. H. Ahn, D. W. Lee, N. M. Yoon J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 2755-2757. b) P. Müller, C. Gränicher Helv. Chim. Acta 1993, 76, 521-534. c) M. E. Morilla, J. Molina, M. M. Díaz-Requejo, T. R. Belderraín, M. C. Nicasio, S. Trofimenko, P. J. Pérez Organometallics 2003, 22, 2914-2918. d) J. A. Flores, V. Badarinarayana, S. Singh, C. J. Lovely, H. V. R. Dias Dalton. Trans. 2009, 7648-7652. e) L. K. Baumann, H. M. Mbuvi, G. Du, L. K. Woo Organometallics 2007, 26, 3995-4002. f) M. E. Morilla, M. M. Díaz-Requejo, T. R. Belderraín, M. C. Nicasio, S. Trofimenko, P. J. Pérez Organometallics 2004, 23, 293-295.

S2

Elemental analysis of the resin PS-TTMCu(NCMe)PF6: N, 5.40%; C, 73.35%; H, 6.10%; Cu, 2.74%

-1

The functionalization of the resin PS-TTMCu(NCMe)PF6 (f = 0.39 mmol·g ) was calculated from the results of 4

elemental analysis of nitrogen. These results are consistent with those resulting from the analysis of Cu by ICP-OES.

3. Catalytic experiments under batch conditions Carbene insertion into the O-H bond of ethanol a) Small scale experiments: Dry and deoxygenated ethanol (5 mL) was added to a Schlenk flask containing PS-TTMCu(NCMe)PF6 (100 mg, 0.039 mmol) under nitrogen atmosphere. EDA (0.75 mmol, 79 µL) was added in one portion and the mixture was stirred for 3 h at room temperature. The mixture was then filtered, the solid washed with CH2Cl2 (2 x 5mL), dried under vacuum and loaded again with solvent and reactants. The filtrate from the reaction mixture was analyzed by GC, identifying exclusively the product derived from 3

ethanol functionalization and some diethyl fumarate and maleate from the formal dimerization of the CHCO2Et units from EDA. The filtrate was taken to dryness, at 0º C to avoid evaporation of the product, and the residue was dissolved in CDCl3. and analyzed by NMR.

-1

Average productivity in batch after 5 cycles : 6.3 mmolproduct ·mmolCu ·h

-1

b) Preparative, large scale experiment: Dry and deoxygenated ethanol (30 mL) was added to a Schlenk flask containing freshly prepared PS-TTMCu(NCMe)PF6 (600 mg, 0.234 mmol, recovered from the preparative experiment with aniline described below) under nitrogen atmosphere. EDA (4.5 mmol, 0.47 mL) was added in one portion and the mixture was stirred for 3 h at room temperature. The catalyst was separated by filtration, washed with CH2Cl2 (2 x 30 mL), dried and stored for further use. The filtrate from the reaction mixture was analyzed by GC, showing exclusively the peak corresponding to 3 (>99% conversion and >99% selectivity). Solvents were removed under reduced pressure (P = 150 mbar, 30 ºC) to a weight of 1.15 g. At this point, CH2Cl2 (7 mL) was added, and the solvents (dichloromethane and residual ethanol) were removed under reduced pressure (P = 400 mbar, 30 ºC) to give pure 3 (0.58 g, 4.41 mmol, 98% isolated yield).

4

The degree of functionalization of a resin can be calculated from the results of elemental analysis with the formulas: fN = (0.714/nN)%N, where nN is the number of nitrogen atoms in the functional unit and %N is the percent of nitrogen provided by the elemental analysis. See: A. Bastero, D. Font and M. A. Pericàs J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 2460-2468. The corresponding formula from the results of Cu analysis is: fCu = (0.157/nCu)%Cu.

S3

Carbene insertion into N-H bonds of aniline a) Small scale experiments: Dry deoxygenated dichloromethane (3 mL) was added to a Schlenk flask containing PS-TTMCu(NCMe)PF6 (100 mg, 0.039 mmol) under nitrogen atmosphere, followed by 3.75 mmol (0.34 mL) of freshly distilled aniline. A solution of 0.75 mmol (79 µL) of EDA in 10 mL of CH2Cl2 was slowly added over 6 h with the aid of a syringe pump. Workup was similar to that described above, removal of volatiles being performed at room temperature.

-1


-1

b) Preparative, large scale experiment: Dry deoxygenated dichloromethane (15 mL) was added to a Schlenk flask containing freshly prepared PS-TTMCu(NCMe)PF6 (600 mg, 0.234 mmol) under nitrogen atmosphere, followed by 22.5 mmol (2.0 mL) of freshly distilled aniline. A solution of 4.5 mmol (0.47 mL) of EDA in 30 mL of CH2Cl2 was slowly added over 6 h with the aid of a syringe pump. The catalyst was separated by filtration, washed with CH2Cl2 (2 x 30 mL), dried and used for the preparative experiment with ethanol (see above). The filtrate from the reaction mixture was analyzed by GC, showing exclusively the peak corresponding to 4 (>99% conversion and >99% selectivity). Dichloromethane was removed under reduced pressure (P = 400 mbar, 30 ºC), and excess aniline was evaporatively distilled using a rotary microdistillation equipment at 60-70 ºC/0.3 mbar. The residue in the flask was pure 4 (0.801 g, 4.47 mmol, 99% isolated yield).

Carbene insertion into C-H bonds of cyclohexane and tetrahydrofuran Following the above procedure, cyclohexane (3 mL) was reacted with EDA (0.75 mmol, 79 µL) in the presence of the solid catalyst (100 mg, 0.039 mmol) under nitrogen atmosphere. EDA was slowly added for 18 h (dissolved in cyclohexane). Identical protocol and amounts of reactants were employed in the case of tetrahydrofuran. Workup was similar to that described above, removal of volatiles being performed at room temperature.

-1

Average productivity for cyclohexane in batch after 5 cycles : 0.81 mmolproduct ·mmolCu ·h

-1

-1

Average productivity for tetrahydrofuran in batch after 5 cycles : 0.95 mmolproduct ·mmolCu ·h

-1

Cyclopropenation of 1-phenyl-1-propyne . 3 mL of dry deoxygenated dichloromethane was added to a Schlenk containing the catalyst (100 mg, 0.039 mmol) under nitrogen atmosphere, followed by 3.75 mmol (0.42 mL) of 1-phenyl-1-propyne. A solution of 0.75 mmol (79 µL) of EDA in 10 mL of dichloromethane was slowly added over 6 hours. Workup was similar to that described above, removal of volatiles being performed at room temperature.

S4

-1


-1

Büchner ring expansion of benzene 3 mL of dry deoxygenated benzene was added to a Schlenk containing the catalyst (100 mg, 0.039 mmol) under nitrogen atmosphere. A solution of 0.75 mmol (79 µL) of EDA in 10 mL of benzene was slowly added for 6 h, before workup, that was similar to that described above, removal of volatiles being performed at room temperature.

-1


-1

Consecutive experiments with different substrates The above conditions were employed in a consecutive manner with the same initial loading of catalyst for an overall number of 12 experiments, two with each substrate (see Table 2 in the manuscript). 4. Description of the experimental setup for the continuous flow process

For the continuous flow experiments, the instrumental set-up shown in Figure S1 was used. The packed bed reactor consisted of a vertical mounted and fritted low-pressure Omnifit glass chromatography column (10 mm bore size and up to maximal 70 mm of adjustable bed height) loaded with 300 mg of PS-TTMCu(NCMe)PF6 (ƒ -1

= 0.39 mmol·g ). The reactor inlet was connected to a three-way connector that allows switching between two channels, connected to an Asia120® flow chemistry system developed by Syrris. One channel was connected to a solution of ethyl diazoacetate (EDA) and distilled ethanol in deoxygenated dichloromethane under argon (no reaction occurs in the absence of catalyst) through Pump 1, and the other channel was connected to a flask containing deoxygenated dichloromethane to rinse the system through Pump 2. The reactor outlet was connected to a receiving flask, where the product was collected. Conversions of the product at any moment were determined by gas chromatography of periodically collected samples. At the end of the experiment the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give the final product. During operation, all the system was kept under argon using either balloons (picture) or connections to an argon manifold.

S5

Column%with% %catalyst% O OEt

O OEt OEt + EtOH N2

CH2Cl2%

CH2Cl2

Pump%1:% solu.on%

Pump%2:% CH2Cl2% reservoir%

Figure S1. The experimental set-up for the continuous-flow experiment, e.g. with ethyl diazoacetate and ethanol.

5. Continuous flow experiment with ethyl diazoacetate and ethanol The column was assembled to the Asia120® flow chemistry system developed by Syrris as shown in Figure -1

S1. Deoxygenated dichloromethane was flushed by an Asian pump through the column at 500 µL·min flow rate to swell the resin. After 30 min, the solvent channel was switched to the reagents and a solution of ethyl diazoacetate (11.2 mL, 106 mmol) and distilled ethanol (31 mL, 531 mmol) in deoxygenated dichloromethane -1

(1400 mL) was pumped with a flow rate of 500 µL·min through the system and the system was run for 48 h. Periodically collected samples were analysed by gas chromatography to determine conversion of the final product. Samples were collected and solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give pure product 3 (12.6 g, 95.83 mmol, 89 % yield) as a brownish liquid. -1

-1

Productivity: 17.1 mmolproduct ·mmolCu ·h ; TON: 819 (referred to the product formed).

Figure S2. Conversion over time for continuous-flow reaction of ethanol and EDA.

S6

6. Continuous flow production of a family of compounds resulting from carbene transfer reactions. a) The column was filled with the catalyst as described above and assembled to an Asia120® flow chemistry system developed by Syrris (Figure S1). Deoxygenated dichloromethane was first flushed through the column -1

at 500 µL·min flow rate to ensure that no unligated Cu(I) is available. After 30 min, the solvent was changed -1

to dry tetrahydrofuran, which was pumped through the column at 500 µL·min flow rate. After 1 h, the solvent channel was switched to the reagents and a solution of EDA (0.56 mL, 5.3 mmol) in dry THF (70 mL) under -1

argon was pumped with a flow rate of 500 µL·min . After a 10 min stabilization period, collection of the efluent was started and the process was kept running for 2 h. The collected samples were evaporated and analyzed by GC to determine conversion of the final product. The system was flushed with deoxygenated -1

dichloromethane for 10 min at 500 µL·min flow rate to clean the resin and the same procedure was repeated with the next substrate. The solvent from the collected efluent was removed under reduced pressure (P = 200 mbar, 30 ºC) to give a yellow liquid which was submitted to flash column chromatography on silicagel (cyclohexane/ethyl acetate 95:5). The solvent was distilled off through a Vigreux column under reduced pressure (P = 200 mbar, 40 ºC) to give pure product 2 (0.40 g, 2.53 mmol, 56% yield). -1

Productivity: 10.8 mmolproduct ·mmolCu ·h

-1

b) Continuous flow reaction of EDA (0.28 mL, 2.65 mmol) and distilled and deoxygenated cyclohexane (35 mL, 0.32 mol) in deoxygenated DCM (35 mL). The procedure described under a) was followed. Most of the solvent from the collected efluent was removed under reduced pressure (P = 400 mbar, 30 ºC) and residual solvent was distilled off through a Vigreux column under reduced pressure (P = 200 mbar, 40 ºC). The residue, a yellow liquid, was submitted to flash column chromatography on silicagel (cyclohexane 100%). The solvent of the collected fractions was distilled off through a Vigreux column under reduced pressure (P = 200 mbar, 40 ºC) to give pure product 1 (0.16 g, 0.94 mmol, 41% yield). -1


-1

c) Continuous flow reaction of EDA (0.12 mL, 1.15 mmol) and 1-phenyl-1-propyne (1.3 mL, 10.4 mmol) in deoxygenated DCM (30 mL).

5

The procedure described under a) was followed. The solvent from the collected efluent was removed under reduced pressure (P = 400 mbar, 30 ºC) to give a brown liquid, which was submitted to flash column chromatography on silicagel (cyclohexane/ethyl acetate 9:1). The solvent of the collected fractions was distilled off through a Vigreux column under reduced pressure (P = 200 mbar, 40 ºC) to give pure product 6 (0.11 g, 0.54 mmol, 70 % yield). -1

Productivity: 2.3 mmolproduct ·mmolCu ·h 5

-1

In this experiment the flow rate was 175 µL/min.

S7

d) Continuous flow reaction of EDA (0.56 mL, 5.3 mmol) and aniline (2.38 mL, 26.25 mmol) in deoxygenated DCM (70 mL). The procedure described under a) was followed. The solvent from the collected efluent was removed under reduced pressure (P = 400 mbar, 30 ºC) to give a brown liquid which was submitted to bulb-to-bulb distillation at 60-70 ºC/0.3 mbar to remove traces of aniline. The material remaining in the flask was product 4 in pure form (0.70 g, 3.91 mmol, 89% yield). -1


-1

e) Continuous flow reaction of EDA (0.56 mL, 5.3 mmol) and ethanol (1.54 mL, 26.4 mmol) in deoxygenated DCM (70 mL). The procedure described under a) was followed. The solvent from the collected efluent was removed under reduced pressure (P = 400 mbar, 30 ºC) to give pure product 3 (0.54 g, 4.10 mmol, 93% yield). -1


7.

1

H NMR and

13

-1

C NMR data for products 1-6.

Ethyl 2-cyclohexanylacetate, 1

3a

O

OEt 1

1

H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 0.93-1.02 (m, 2 H), 1.16-1.30 (m, 4 H), 1.25 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 3 H), 1.63-1.75 (m,

5 H), 2.17 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 2 H), 4.12 (q, J = 6.9 Hz, 2 H) ppm.

13

C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 14.3, 26.0, 26.2,

33.0, 34.9, 42.2, 60.1, 173.2 ppm.

Ethyl (tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)acetate, 2

3d

O

OEt

O 2

S8

1

H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 1.26 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3 H), 1.49-1.59 (m, 1 H), 1.85-1.96 (m, 2 H), 2.03-2.14 (m,

1 H), 2.45 (dd, J = 15.0 and 6.3 Hz, 1 H), 2.59 (dd, J = 15.0 and 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.71-3.79 (m, 1 H), 3.84-3.92 (m, 1 H), 4.15 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2 H), 4.20-4.29 (m, 1H) ppm.

13

C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 14.2, 25.6, 31.2,

40.7, 60.5, 68.0, 75.3, 171.3 ppm.

Ethyl 2-ethoxyacetate, 3

3c

O OEt EtO

1

3

H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 1.24 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 3 H), 1.28 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3 H), 3.58 (q, J = 6.9 Hz, 2 H),

4.05 (s, 2 H), 4.21 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2 H) ppm.

13

C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 14.1, 14.9, 60.7, 67.1, 68.0,

170.5 ppm.

Ethyl 2-(phenylamino)acetate, 4

3e

O OEt HN

4 1

H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 1.30 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 3 H), 3.9 (s, 2 H), 4.25 (q, J = 6.9 Hz, 2 H), 4.29 (br s, 1

H), 6.60-6.63 (m, 2 H), 6.73-6.78 (m, 1 H), 7.17-7.23 (m, 2 H) ppm. 45.8, 61.3, 112.9, 118.1, 129.3, 147.0, 171.1 ppm.

Ethyl cyclohepta-2,4,6-trienecarboxylate, 5

3f

EtO2C

5

S9

13

C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 14.1,

1

H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 1.31 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3 H), 2.53 (tt, J = 5.6 and 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.26 (q, J = 7.2 Hz,

2 H), 5.44 (dd, J = 9.6 and 5.6 Hz, 2 H), 6.24-6.28 (m, 2 H), 6.65-6.66 (m, 2 H) ppm.

13

C-NMR (101 MHz,

CDCl3): δ = 14.2, 44.1, 61.0, 117.3, 125.5, 130.9, 173.0 ppm.

Ethyl 2-methyl-3-phenylcycloprop-2-enecarboxylate, 6

O

3b

OEt

Ph 1

6

H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 1.25 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3 H), 2.33 (s, 3 H), 2.43 (s, 1 H), 4.15 (qd, J = 7.2 and 2.1

Hz, 2 H), 7.28-7.48 (m, 5 H) ppm.

13

C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 10.7, 14.4, 22.5, 60.1, 105.2, 106.3, 127.1,

128.5, 128.6, 129.2, 175.7 ppm.

S10

8.

1

H NMR and

13

C NMR spectra for products 1-6.

1.735 1.719 1.716 1.663 1.276 1.252 1.228 0.984 0.975 0.939

4.156 4.132 4.108 4.084

300 MHz, 1H NMR, CDCl3

2.179 2.156

Ethyl 2-cyclohexanylacetate, 1

600

O

550

OEt

500

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

9.5

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0 f1 (ppm)

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

1.5

2.02

7.36

5.52 2.0

-50

1.0

0.5

0.0

14.291

60.056

75 MHz, 13C NMR, CDCl3

42.248 34.910 33.019 26.157 26.030

H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) 173.186

1

9.0

1.99

2.00

0

19000 18000 17000

O

16000

OEt

15000 14000 13000 12000 11000 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 -1000

200

13

190

180

170

160

150

140

130

120

110

100 f1 (ppm)

90

C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3)

S11

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

4.295 4.273 4.250 4.228 4.143 4.119 3.916 3.893 3.888 3.871 3.843 3.786 3.763 3.739 3.712


2.629 2.605 2.579 2.555 2.493 2.473 2.443 2.422 1.927 1.884 1.586 1.557 1.518 1.286 1.262 1.238

Ethyl (tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)acetate, 2

650

600

550

O

OEt

500

O

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

9.5

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0 f1 (ppm)

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

3.19

1.16 1.5

-50 1.0

0.5

H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3)

14.195

25.580

31.245

40.727

60.458

67.981

12000

75.311


171.328

1

9.0

0.96 1.00 1.00 1.99

1.04 2.01 1.01 1.00

0

11000

10000

O

OEt

9000

O

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

200

13

190

180

170

160

150

140

130

120

110

100 f1 (ppm)

90


S12

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

4.247 4.224 4.200 4.176 4.055 3.621 3.598 3.574 3.551


1.300 1.276 1.267 1.252 1.243 1.220

Ethyl 2-ethoxyacetate, 3

600

O

550

OEt

500

EtO

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

9.5

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0 f1 (ppm)

4.5

4.0

6.82

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

-50 1.0

0.5

0.0

68.032 67.078 60.712


14.889 14.110

H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) 170.462

1

9.0

2.04

2.54 2.00

0

28000

26000

24000

O

22000

OEt

20000

EtO

18000

16000

14000

12000

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0

200

13

190

180

170

160

150

140

130

120

110

100 f1 (ppm)

90


S13

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

7.227 7.202 7.198 7.174 6.785 6.782 6.778 6.761 6.757 6.753 6.733 6.634 6.631 6.628 6.609 6.605 6.602 4.287 4.263 4.240 4.216 3.904

300 MHz, H NMR, CDCl3

1.326 1.303 1.279

Ethyl 2-(phenylamino)acetate, 4 800

750

O

700

OEt

650

HN

600

550

500

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

9.5

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

5.5

5.0 f1 (ppm)

4.5

4.0

3.05

1.99

2.97 6.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

-50

1.0

0.5

14.153

45.817

61.263

112.950

118.127

129.257


146.989

H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) 171.083

1

9.0

1.04 2.00

1.90

0

17000

16000

15000

O

14000

OEt

13000

HN

12000

11000

10000

9000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

200

13

190

180

170

160

150

140

130

120

110

100 f1 (ppm)

90


S14

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

1.328 1.310 1.292

2.552 2.549 2.546 2.538 2.535 2.532 2.525 2.521 2.518

6.665 6.658 6.656 6.649 6.283 6.280 6.277 6.274 6.271 6.267 6.264 6.261 6.258 6.255 6.251 6.248 6.245 6.242


5.462 5.448 5.446 5.440 5.438 5.426 4.285 4.267 4.249 4.232

Ethyl cyclohepta-2,4,6-trienecarboxylate, 5

300

EtO2C 250

200

150

100

50

10.0

9.0

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

5.5

5.0 f1 (ppm)

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

3.29

1.00

2.16

2.02 6.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

14.226

61.054

173.053


44.059

H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 130.903 125.540 117.279

1

9.5

2.07

2.03

0

5500

5000

4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0

-500 230

13

220

210

200

190

180

170

160

150

140

130

120

110 f1 (ppm)

100


S15

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

-10

1.274 1.251 1.227

2.429 2.333

7.483 7.477 7.470 7.460 7.455 7.450 7.444 7.417 7.412 7.405 7.395 7.391 7.388 7.383 7.368 7.364 7.362 7.357 7.340 7.334 7.329 7.319 7.311 7.301 7.291 7.286


4.196 4.188 4.172 4.165 4.148 4.141 4.124 4.117

Ethyl 2-methyl-3-phenylcycloprop-2-enecarboxylate, 6

800

750

O

700

OEt

650

600

550

Ph

500

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

9.5

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0 f1 (ppm)

4.5

4.0

3.0

2.5

3.13

0.98 3.00 3.5

2.0

-50

1.5

1.0

0.5

14.396 10.686

60.124

129.237 128.576 128.536 127.106

175.752


22.539

H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) 106.324 105.228

1

9.0

1.99

5.02

0

28000

26000

24000

O

OEt

22000

20000

18000

Ph

16000

14000

12000

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0

200

13

190

180

170

160

150

140

130

120

110

100 f1 (ppm)

90


S16

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

9. GC chromatograms for products 1-6.

O

O

OEt

OEt

O

S17

O OEt EtO

O OEt HN

S18

EtO2C

O

OEt

Ph

S19