Mary Baldwln Colkg. Staunton. Vlrglnla. Prof. 0. W. Miller. Ph. 0. Utah Stat. Unlvomlty. Logan, Utah ... L. Kramer, E. Wiatrowski and D. Osis, Hines, Illinois ..... 208.
October, 1978
Vol. Eleven No. Four
FLUORIDE OFFICIAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF
Prooldont H. Y. SlncWr. Y. D. D. Sc. Laboratory of H w n Nutrltlon oxon. England
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Prddollt Prof. S. 8. Jolly, W.D. M.dlc.l C o l k g . Patlala. Indla
Tro8sur.r P. E. Zanfagna, M.D. Lawrence, Y a o u h w o t t a
ADVISORY BOARD
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Vol. Eleven No. Four
October, 1978
Pages 163-211
FLUORIDE Quarterly Reports Issued by
THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR FLUORIDE RESEARCH Editor 0. L W.ld+.M.D. Warren, Michigan
Co-Editors A. W. Burgstohlor, Ph. D.
Lawrence. Kansas J. AYiamwyhnnis, Ph. D. Delaware. Ohio
EDITORIAL Toxicity of Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
163-165
ORIGINAL ARTICLES Studies on Calcium Infusion in Endemic Fluorosis - by S. R. Rao, K. J. R. Murthy and T. V. S. D. Murthy. 166-170 Hyderabad, India. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Determination of Fluoride Content in Plants Near the Tarnobrzeg Sulfur Basin - by K. Sodzawiczny and H. Sitko, Cracow, Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170-1 78 Fluoride Tolerance in Grasses with Particular Reference to Fluorspar Mine Waste - by J . A. Cooke and M. S. Johnson, Sunderland and Liverpool, United Kingdom.. . 179-186 Fluoride, Calcium and Aging in Healthy and Polluted Fir Trees (Albies Alba Mill.) - by J. P. Garrec, P. Abdulaziz, E. Lavielle, L. Vandevelde and R. Plebin. Grenoble. France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186-197 Fluoride Content in Eggs of Wild Birds (Parus major L. and Strix Aluco L.) and the Common House-Hen (Gallus Domesticus) - by 6. van Toledo, Fribourg, Switzerland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198-207
ABSTRACTS Magnesiu m -FI uor ide Interrelations hips in Ma n II. Effect of Magnesium on Fluoride Metabolism - by H. Spencer, L. Kramer, E. Wiatrowski and D. Osis, Hines, Illinois . . . . . 208 Factors Influencing the Urinary Fluoride Level in Subjects Drinking Fluoride-Poor Waters - by K. Toth and E. Sugar, Szeged, Hungary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209-210 Verfugbares Fluorid aus Verschiedenen Praparaten nach by J. Patz and H. Fickenscher. Oraler Applikation Wurzburg. Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
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Fluoride Induced Impact in a Coniferous Forest Near the Anaconda Aluminum Plant in Northwestern Montana - C. E. Carlson, Missoula, Montana.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 1
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Copyrighto 1977 by International Societyfor Fluoride Research.All Righo Resewed. Neither this work nor any pan may ba reproducsdor transmitted in any form u by any meam, electronic or mechanical. induding photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system. without permission in writing from the publisher.
174
Sodzawiczny and Sitko
solution was brought to 100 ml by adding redistilled water. 4) Alizarin-complexone of lanthanum was prepared by solution constantly stirring 330 ml of acetone and adding successfully 68 ml of buffer solution ( 3 ) . 10 ml of alizarin-complexone (l), and 10 ml of laqthanum nitrate (2). 5) A sodium fluoride control solution-222.2 mg of sodium fluoride (MERCK) was dissolved in 1000 ml of redistilled water. 1 ml of the solution contained 100 ug F-. 6) 722 solution of HC104 (analytically pure). 7) 0 . 5 N NaOH (a.p.). 8) 1.3 N NaOH (a.p.1. 9) 0.5 N HC1 (a.p.1. 10) 2 M solution of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (a.p.1. 11) 0.2% ethanol solution of phenolphthalein (a.p.1. 12) Silicone grease (Carl Roth OHG).
All reagents were stored in polyethylene containers. For the preparation of the control solution of sodium fluoride as well as for the whole determination, Kartell glass was used. Chambers of the Obrink type for the microdiffusion were obtained from the Clinical Chemistry Department at the Medical Academy in Cracow.
Determination Procedure A weighed portion of the shredded specimen was placed in the second compartment and dampened by 1 ml of redistilled water. Into the first compartment were placed 0.3 ml oE 1.3 N NaOH and 1 ml of water. Into the second compartment of the opposite side 1 ml of 72% HClO4 was then introduced and the chamber quickly covered. The under side of the cover was thoroughly spread with silicon grease following which the chamber was carefully tilted, the test sample was mixed with perchlorate acid and left at a temperature of 60°C for 24 hours. Then the fluoride solution in NaOh from the first compartment was transferred totally to 10 ml graduated flasks; 0.25 ml of hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution and a drop of phenolphthalein was added to the flasks. It was alkalized with 0.5 N NaOH solution and afterwards 0.5 N HC1 was added to discolor the phenolphthalein. Three ml of lanthanum alizarincomplexone was then introduced (4) and supplemented with water up to the nark. After twenty minutes the absorption was measured on the Specol at X = 620 nm in 1 cm cuvette.
To each series of determinations, a blank was performed. The control curve was constructed within limits of 0-250 ppm (Fig. 2 ) . The results are shown in Table 1.
Volume 11 Number 4 October, 1978
F- Content of Polluted Plants
175
Figure 2 Standard Curve SJowing the Dependence of Absorption Coefficient on F- Concentration Anions P
0.4
0.3
0.2
A C
50
100
-
absorption coefficient concentration of fluoride anions
150
200
250
4
C
wnl
Results and Conclusions The modified Holub method was used because it does not require much material for accuracy. In a quantitative diffusion procedure such factors as acid concentration, the size of the response area and mechanical stirring have a minimal influence. Taves (14) explained the purpose of the sealing grease on the chamber cover. This grease undergoes a change during diffusion: (CH3)3SiOSi(CH3)3 + HF -+ (CH3)3SiF + (CH3)3SiOH (CH3)3SiF + H20 S (CH3)3SiOH + HF 2 (CH3)3SiOH -* (CH3)3SiOSi(CH3)3 + H20
FLUORIDE
