Nevertheless inhalation of dusts, or fume, especially for prolonged periods, may
... saponins (sapogenins, including phytosteroids and phyto-oestrogens).
Fucosterol sc-235218 Material Safety Data Sheet
Hazard Alert Code Key:
EXTREME
HIGH
MODERATE
LOW
Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION PRODUCT NAME Fucosterol
STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE CONSIDERED A HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE ACCORDING TO OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200.
NFPA
1
FLAMMABILITY
0
HEALTH HAZARD
0
INSTABILITY
SUPPLIER Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. 2145 Delaware Avenue Santa Cruz, California 95060 800.457.3801 or 831.457.3800 EMERGENCY ChemWatch Within the US & Canada: 877-715-9305 Outside the US & Canada: +800 2436 2255 (1-800-CHEMCALL) or call +613 9573 3112
SYNONYMS C29-H48-O, "stigmasta-5, 24(28)-dien-3-ol, (3-beta, 24E)-", 24-ethylidene-cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, "3beta-hydroxy-5, 24[28]-stigmastadiene", "5, 24[28]-stigmastadien-3beta-ol", phytosterol, "steroidal saponin/ sapogenin", "Bladder-wrack/ Fucus/ Marine Brown algae extract"
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION CHEMWATCH HAZARD RATINGS Min Flammability:
1
Toxicity:
2
Body Contact:
0
Reactivity:
1
Chronic:
3
Max
Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Moderate=2 High=3 Extreme=4
CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS None
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW RISK POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS
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SWALLOWED ! Accidental ingestion of the material may be damaging to the health of the individual. ! Saponins (saponines and steroidal sapogenines) are weakly absorbed by the intestine and because of their detergent action, concentrate in the lipid layer of the cells of the gastric and intestinal epithelium. This results in cell damage and severe irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, characterised by burning of the mouth and stomach, cough, salivation and lachrymation, followed by nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea.
EYE ! Although the material is not thought to be an irritant, direct contact with the eye may cause transient discomfort characterized by tearing or conjunctival redness (as with windburn). Slight abrasive damage may also result.
SKIN ! The material is not thought to produce adverse health effects or skin irritation following contact (as classified using animal models). Nevertheless, good hygiene practice requires that exposure be kept to a minimum and that suitable gloves be used in an occupational setting. ! Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected.
INHALED ! The material is not thought to produce respiratory irritation (as classified using animal models). Nevertheless inhalation of dusts, or fume, especially for prolonged periods, may produce respiratory discomfort and occasionally, distress. ! Inhalation of dusts, generated by the material during the course of normal handling, may be damaging to the health of the individual. ! Inhalation of saponin (saponin, sapogenin) dusts or aerosols may produce spasm, oedema of the larynx, chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary oedema. High concentrations may cause mucous membrane damage.
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS ! There is limited evidence that, skin contact with this product is more likely to cause a sensitization reaction in some persons compared to the general population. There is some evidence to provide a presumption that human exposure to the material may result in impaired fertility on the basis of: some evidence in animal studies of impaired fertility in the absence of toxic effects, or evidence of impaired fertility occurring at around the same dose levels as other toxic effects but which is not a secondary non-specific consequence of other toxic effects. There is some evidence that human exposure to the material may result in developmental toxicity. This evidence is based on animal studies where effects have been observed in the absence of marked maternal toxicity, or at around the same dose levels as other toxic effects but which are not secondary non-specific consequences of the other toxic effects. Long term exposure to high dust concentrations may cause changes in lung function i.e. pneumoconiosis; caused by particles less than 0.5 micron penetrating and remaining in the lung. Exposure to the material for prolonged periods may cause physical defects in the developing embryo (teratogenesis). Several instances of allergenicity resulting from contact with steroidal saponins (sapogenins, including phytosteroids and phyto-oestrogens) have been recorded. Severe irritation has been reported following dermal exposure to sapogenin-containing saps but confounding factors such as the presence of raphides (calcium oxalates) may be significant. Saponins (saponine, sapogenine) are extremely toxic if absorbed in the blood stream; they act by haemolysis (destruction of red blood cells) even at extreme dilution. Many saponins are phytooestrogenic. A common feature of the phytooestrogens is their striking similarity to 17beta-oestrodiol and the synthetic oestrogen, diethylstilboestrol. There is evidence that phytooestrogens may mediate oestrogen-like effects by direct interaction with the oestrogen receptor of cells. Although the hormonal activity of phytooestrogens is two to five orders of magnitude below that of oestrodiol, their high concentration in certain plants and their slower metabolic disposition, can lead to tissue levels exceeding those of endogenous oestrogens by a factor of a thousand or more. Human and animal exposures to the phytooestrogens (for example the isoflavones, some flavonoids, saponin, coumestans and lignans) can be high because these compounds are found in many foods. Interest in the dietary phytooestrogens derives from their apparent protective effects against cancer, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. High levels, over extended periods, may produce toxic effects. However, toxicological studies revealed that when administered in isolated or enriched form or at high doses isoflavones impair the function of the thyroid gland. It cannot be ruled out that this oestrogen-like effect also encourages the onset of breast cancer. Since women are more at risk of developing cancer in any case after menopause, the intake of food supplements with a high isoflavone content may present unexpected risks for this group of consumers. Although phytooestrogens exist as the inactive glycoside in food products, bacterial beta-glycosidases, in the colon, hydrolyse the glycosides to the active aglycones. A common feature of the phytooestrogens is their striking similarity to 17beta-oestrodiol and the synthetic oestrogen, diethylstilboestrol. There is evidence that phytooestrogens may mediate oestrogen-like effects by direct interaction with the oestrogen receptor of cells. Although the hormonal activity of phytooestrogens is two to five orders of magnitude below that of oestradiol, their high concentration in certain plants and their slower metabolic disposition, can lead to tissue levels exceeding those of endogenous oestrogens by a factor of a thousand or more. There is also evidence that phytooestrogens may influence animal and human health by acting as antioxidants and hydrogen peroxide scavengers or by interfering with eicosanoid and cytokine production and cell signalling. Anogenital distance, puberty onset, oestrus cycling, growth, sex-organ weight and hormonal profile are indicators of oestrogen- or anti-oestrogen like activity. Of interest is the finding that low doses of the dietary isoflavone, genistein, taken by pregnant rats produced shorter anogenital distances in the offspring; high doses did not produce this effect. Exposure to a 5% flaxseed diet (high in lignans) during pregnancy and lactation, resulted in the delayed puberty onset in rats (anti-oestrogenic effect). By contrast, a 10% flaxseed diet produced an earlier onset of puberty (an oestrogenic effect), but longer oestrus cycles due to prolonged dioestrus (an antioestrogenic effect). There have been many reports of phytooestrogens disrupting reproductive activity in sheep. Infertility in sheep (so-called "clover disease") has been traced to isoflavone concentrations in clover (up to 5% dry weight). Temporary infertility is attributed to increased embryo mortality and a reduction or cessation in ovulation. Permanent infertility, in sheep, is purported to occur after 3 years of exposure to dietary oestrogenic compounds; this infertility is due to permanent changes in the architecture of the cervix and also changes in the viscoelasticity of the cervical mucous which prevents the transport of sperm through the cervix. In addition to these effects, phytooestrogens exert effects on oestrogen-sensitive tissues such as the mammary gland and female reproductive organs of the ewe. Cattle have also been shown to be sensitive to the oestrogen-like effects of dietary phytooestrogens. Specific observations include swelling of the vulva, discharge of cervical
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mucous, uterus enlargements and cystic ovaries. Irregular oestrus cycles, including periods of anoestrus, and decreased rates of conception have also been reported. The impact on reproductive activity, by phytooestrogens on humans, is unknown. The recent practice of feeding infants soy-based formula raises issues related to the long-term health effects of exposure during development. It has been recognised, for example, that the practice may be associated with goiter (thyroid enlargement associated with thyroid hormone deficiency) in humans and animals. Soy phytooestrogens inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis at concentrations which occur in infant formula. If sufficient inhibition of iodide uptake by the goiter occurs, formation of thyroid hormones is depressed. These hormones are essential to the regulation of oxygen consumption and metabolism throughout the body. Clinical manifestations of this so-called "hypothyroidism (or athyrea)" include low metabolic rate, a tendency to gain weight, somnolence, and myxoedema (a relatively hard oedema of the subcutaneous tissue), dryness and loss of hair, low body temperature, hoarseness, muscle weakness, a slow return of the muscle after tendon jerk, and slow mentation. When hypothyroidism occurs in women, early in pregnancy, the foetus is at risk of impaired physical and mental development, the severity of the impairment depending on the degree of hypothyroidism.
Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS NAME
CAS RN
%
fucosterol
17605-67-3
>98
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES SWALLOWED " If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting. " If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration.
EYE ! If this product comes in contact with the eyes: " Wash out immediately with fresh running water. " Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids.
SKIN ! If skin contact occurs: " Immediately remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear " Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).
INHALED " If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area. " Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested.
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN ! Treat symptomatically. for saponin (saponine, sapogenine) poisonings: " Give activated charcoal by mouth, to absorb and inactivate the saponin. " Slime preparations of rice and oats or paraffin should be given as a mucous-membrane protective. " Substitution of electrolytes and fluid is essential after extensive episodes of vomiting and diarrhoea. " If the patient is excited, sedatives should be given; artificial respiration may be necessary in the event of breathing arrest. " Fatal poisonings are rare due to modern intensive care regimes. Toxicology: Marquardt H. et al: Academic Press, 1999.
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES Vapour Pressure (mmHG):
Negligible
Upper Explosive Limit (%):
Not available.
Specific Gravity (water=1):
Not available
Lower Explosive Limit (%):
Not available
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA " Foam. " Dry chemical powder.
FIRE FIGHTING " Alert Emergency Responders and tell them location and nature of hazard. " Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.
GENERAL FIRE HAZARDS/HAZARDOUS COMBUSTIBLE PRODUCTS " Combustible solid which burns but propagates flame with difficulty. " Avoid generating dust, particularly clouds of dust in a confined or unventilated space as dusts may form an explosive mixture with air, and any source of ignition, i.e. flame or spark, will cause fire or explosion. Dust clouds generated by the fine grinding of the solid are a particular hazard; accumulations of fine dust may burn rapidly and fiercely if ignited. Combustion products include: carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), other pyrolysis products typical of burning organic material. May emit poisonous fumes. May emit corrosive fumes.
FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY ! Avoid contamination with oxidizing agents i.e. nitrates, oxidizing acids,chlorine bleaches, pool chlorine etc. as ignition may result.
PERSONAL PROTECTION Glasses:
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Chemical goggles. Gloves: Respirator: Particulate
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES MINOR SPILLS " Remove all ignition sources. " Clean up all spills immediately. " Avoid contact with skin and eyes. " Control personal contact by using protective equipment. " Use dry clean up procedures and avoid generating dust. " Place in a suitable, labelled container for waste disposal. MAJOR SPILLS ! Moderate hazard. " CAUTION: Advise personnel in area. " Alert Emergency Responders and tell them location and nature of hazard.
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING " Avoid all personal contact, including inhalation. " Wear protective clothing when risk of exposure occurs.
RECOMMENDED STORAGE METHODS " Polyethylene or polypropylene container. " Check all containers are clearly labelled and free from leaks.
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS " Store in original containers. " Keep containers securely sealed. " Store at 4º C.
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION EXPOSURE CONTROLS Source
Material
TWA ppm
TWA mg/m#
STEL ppm
STEL mg/m#
Peak ppm
Peak mg/m#
TWA F/CC Notes
___________
___________
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
fucosterol Canada - Ontario (Particles Occupational (Insoluble or Exposure Limits Poorly Soluble) Not Otherwise)
Canada - British Columbia Occupational Exposure Limits
fucosterol (Particles (Insoluble or Poorly Soluble) Not Otherwise Classified (PNOC))
fucosterol (Specified (PNOS) / Canada - Ontario Particules Occupational (insolubles ou Exposure Limits peu solubles) non précisées par ailleurs) US - Tennessee Occupational Exposure Limits Limits For Air Contaminants
fucosterol (Particulates not otherwise regulated Respirable fraction)
10 (I)
10 (N)
3 (R)
5
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_______
US - California Permissible Exposure Limits for Chemical Contaminants
fucosterol (Particulates not otherwise regulated Respirable fraction)
US - Oregon Permissible Exposure Limits (Z-1)
fucosterol (Particulates not otherwise regulated (PNOR) (f) Total Dust)
US - Michigan Exposure Limits for Air Contaminants
fucosterol (Particulates not otherwise regulated, Respirable dust)
-
5
(n)
10
Bold print identifies substances for which the Oregon Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) are different than the federal Limits. PNOR means “particles not otherwise regulated.”
5
US - Oregon Permissible Exposure Limits (Z-1)
fucosterol (Particulates not otherwise regulated (PNOR) (f) Respirable Fraction)
US - Wyoming Toxic and Hazardous Substances Table Z1 Limits for Air Contaminants
fucosterol (Particulates not otherwise regulated (PNOR)(f)Respirable fraction)
5
Canada - Prince Edward Island Occupational Exposure Limits
fucosterol (Particles (Insoluble or Poorly Soluble) [NOS] Inhalable particles)
10
-
Bold print identifies substances for which the Oregon Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) are different than the federal Limits. PNOR means “particles not otherwise regulated.”
5
See Appendix B current TLV/BEI Book
ENDOELTABLE
PERSONAL PROTECTION
RESPIRATOR • particulate. Consult your EHS staff for recommendations
EYE " Safety glasses with side shields.
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" Chemical goggles.
HANDS/FEET ! NOTE: The material may produce skin sensitization in predisposed individuals. Care must be taken, when removing gloves and other protective equipment, to avoid all possible skin contact. Suitability and durability of glove type is dependent on usage. Important factors in the selection of gloves include: such as: " frequency and duration of contact, " chemical resistance of glove material, " glove thickness and " dexterity Select gloves tested to a relevant standard (e.g. Europe EN 374, US F739). " When prolonged or frequently repeated contact may occur, a glove with a protection class of 5 or higher (breakthrough time greater than 240 minutes according to EN 374) is recommended. " When only brief contact is expected, a glove with a protection class of 3 or higher (breakthrough time greater than 60 minutes according to EN 374) is recommended. " Contaminated gloves should be replaced. Gloves must only be worn on clean hands. After using gloves, hands should be washed and dried thoroughly. Application of a non-perfumed moisturiser is recommended. Experience indicates that the following polymers are suitable as glove materials for protection against undissolved, dry solids, where abrasive particles are not present. " polychloroprene " nitrile rubber " butyl rubber " fluorocaoutchouc " polyvinyl chloride Gloves should be examined for wear and/ or degradation constantly.
OTHER " Overalls. " P.V.C. apron. " Barrier cream. " Skin cleansing cream. " Eye wash unit.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS " Local exhaust ventilation is required where solids are handled as powders or crystals; even when particulates are relatively large, a certain proportion will be powdered by mutual friction. " Exhaust ventilation should be designed to prevent accumulation and recirculation of particulates in the workplace.
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Solid. Does not mix with water. State
Divided solid
Molecular Weight
412.7
Melting Range (°F)
255
Viscosity
Not Applicable
Boiling Range (°F)
Not available
Solubility in water (g/L)
Partly miscible
Flash Point (°F)
Not available
pH (1% solution)
Not available
Decomposition Temp (°F)
Not available
pH (as supplied)
Not applicable
Autoignition Temp (°F)
Not available
Vapour Pressure (mmHG)
Negligible
Upper Explosive Limit (%)
Not available.
Specific Gravity (water=1)
Not available
Lower Explosive Limit (%)
Not available
Relative Vapor Density (air=1)
Not applicable
Volatile Component (%vol)
Negligible
Evaporation Rate
Not applicable
APPEARANCE Crystalline powder; does not mix well with water. Soluble in most organic solvents.
Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY " Presence of incompatible materials. " Product is considered stable.
STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY ! Avoid reaction with oxidizing agents. For incompatible materials - refer to Section 7 - Handling and Storage.
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
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fucosterol
TOXICITY AND IRRITATION FUCOSTEROL: ! unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. ! No significant acute toxicological data identified in literature search. Exposure to the material for prolonged periods may cause physical defects in the developing embryo (teratogenesis).
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION No data
Ecotoxicity Ingredient fucosterol
Persistence: Water/Soil HIGH
Persistence: Air No Data Available
Bioaccumulation LOW
Mobility LOW
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS Disposal Instructions All waste must be handled in accordance with local, state and federal regulations. $ Legislation addressing waste disposal requirements may differ by country, state and/ or territory. Each user must refer to laws operating in their area. In some areas, certain wastes must be tracked. A Hierarchy of Controls seems to be common - the user should investigate: " Reduction " Reuse " Recycling " Disposal (if all else fails) This material may be recycled if unused, or if it has not been contaminated so as to make it unsuitable for its intended use. Shelf life considerations should also be applied in making decisions of this type. Note that properties of a material may change in use, and recycling or reuse may not always be appropriate. DO NOT allow wash water from cleaning equipment to enter drains. Collect all wash water for treatment before disposal. " Recycle wherever possible. " Consult manufacturer for recycling options or consult Waste Management Authority for disposal if no suitable treatment or disposal facility can be identified.
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION NOT REGULATED FOR TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS: DOT, IATA, IMDG
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION fucosterol (CAS: 17605-67-3) is found on the following regulatory lists; "Canada - British Columbia Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Ontario Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada - Prince Edward Island Occupational Exposure Limits","Canada National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI)","US - California Permissible Exposure Limits for Chemical Contaminants","US - Michigan Exposure Limits for Air Contaminants","US - Oregon Permissible Exposure Limits (Z-1)","US Tennessee Occupational Exposure Limits - Limits For Air Contaminants","US - Wyoming Toxic and Hazardous Substances Table Z1 Limits for Air Contaminants"
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION LIMITED EVIDENCE ! Inhalation and/or ingestion may produce health damage*. ! Possible skin sensitiser*. ! May be harmful to the foetus/ embryo*. ! May possibly affect fertility*. * (limited evidence).
Reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this information, but the author makes no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to this information. The author makes no representations and assumes no liability for any direct, incidental or consequential damages resulting from its use. For additional technical information please call our toxicology department on +800 CHEMCALL. ! Classification of the preparation and its individual components has drawn on official and authoritative sources as well as independent review by the Chemwatch Classification committee using available literature references. A list of reference resources used to assist the committee may be found at: www.chemwatch.net/references. ! The (M)SDS is a Hazard Communication tool and should be used to assist in the Risk Assessment. Many factors determine whether the
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reported Hazards are Risks in the workplace or other settings. Risks may be determined by reference to Exposures Scenarios. Scale of use, frequency of use and current or available engineering controls must be considered.
This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, review or criticism, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700. Issue Date: Jun-9-2007 Print Date:Jun-11-2011
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