Gender-associated factors for frailty and their impact on hospitalization and mortality among communitydwelling older adults: a cross-sectional population-based study Qin Zhang, Huanyu Guo, Haifeng Gu and Xiaohong Zhao Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
ABSTRACT
Submitted 22 September 2017 Accepted 15 January 2018 Published 28 February 2018 Corresponding author Xiaohong Zhao,
[email protected] Academic editor Antonio Palazón-Bru Additional Information and Declarations can be found on page 15
Background. Frailty associated with aging increases the risk of falls, disability, and death. We investigated gender-associated factors for frailty. Methods. Data of 3,079 geriatric subjects were retrieved from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2010 database. After excluding 1,126 subjects with missing data on frailty, medical history and survival, data of 1,953 patients were analyzed. Main endpoints were frailty prevalence, mortality rates and causes of death. Results. Frailty prevalence was 5.4% in males, 8.8% in females. Significant risk factors for geriatric frailty in males were being widowed/divorced/separated, low daily total calorie intake, physical inactivity, sleeping >9 h, smoking and hospitalization history; and in females were obesity, physical inactivity, sleeping
