Glucose metabolism and central pathways C6 metabolism Pyrimidine

C6 metabolism

GALUNTe

GALNTe

GLACe

GALOLe

IDOLe

SORe

SOTe

C5 metabolism

Glucose metabolism and central pathways

MANe

MNTe

FRUe

RHAe

GLCN15LACe

GLCNTe

bDGLCe H2O2e

H2Oe

DGLCe

TANAe

GLCe

O2e

10 345THBe

RIBe

RIBOLe

RLe

ARABe

AOLe

C4 metabolism

XYLe

XULe

XOLe

LXULe

LAOLe

LARABe

EUe

EOLe

C3 metabolism

Ee

GLe

TARe

C2 metabolism

GLYNe

LLACe

LACe

PROPe

ETHe

ACALe

ACe

PROPALe

Metabolism of aromatics PHPYRe

PHALe

Inorganic metabolism

PHACe 3HBAe

PCCe

COUMe

LMANDe DMANDe

BNe

BAe

BAMNe

INDe

TRPe

ANe

SALIe

RESe

DMTe TPHTHe DHSKe

VANe

FERe

UREAe

HNO3e

NH3e

H2SO3e

CHOSLFe

10 H2Oe

AMP

DGLC NADP

MNT GALOL

GALUNT ATP

IDOL NADP

ADP

NADH

NADH

NAD

GALN14LAC NADH

NAD

ADP

H2O

MAN6P

FRU

PPI

H2O

UDPGAL

H2O

ADP

GTP

UDP

UDPG TRE6P

13GLUCAN

NAD

RGT

NADH

EOL

E

NADH

ATP

NAD

NADH

H2Oe

H2O

To biomass

LGT

AC

AMP

ACAL

T3P1 Purine metabolism

ATP NADPH

ATP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADPH O2

NADPH

NAD

NADH

H2O

ADP

EU1P

OA

E4P

ADP

H2O

ADP

NADPH

GL3P

NADH

NAD

ADP

XUL5P

NADPH

GLC

XOL

XUL ADP

ATP

FALD

T3P1

To TCA

O2

H2O

NADP

NFAN

H2O

T3P1

NADP

NADPH

2HPAC

Fatty acid catabolism

CO2

Fatty acid catabolism

H2O

Odd number of carbons

HOMOGEN

From C2 metabolism

ACAL

CAR

CAR

C180COA

CAR

C200COA

CAR

C150COA

CAR

C170COA

CAR

GLACe

COA

H2Oe

4HBFOR

PYR

MELIe

COA

COA

COA

COA

O2

O2

ACTP

AC

ACAL

3OA

ETH

H2O

NH3

CO2

O2

C120CAR

PI

C140CAR

CAR

C160CAR

CAR

C180CAR

CAR

C200CAR

CAR

C150CAR

CAR

FUACAC

C170CAR

3HBA

ATP

3FPYR

COA

ACALm

3OAm

ETHm

H2Om

NADHm

CO2m

O2m

C120CARm

PIm

SUCCOAm

H2O

FUM

FUMm

NADH

NAD

NADH

H2O FADm

H2O2 NADP

Qm

SUCC

To export transporter

CO2

QH2m

ICIT

O2 CO2

From OA degradation

OXAL

FOR

FORe

SUCCm

NADHm NADm

GTPm COAm

GDPm

ACOm

MAL

OXAL

UREAm

NADHm

AKGm

MAL

COAm

AKGe

ACOe

AKG

OA

FUMe

C170COAm

FADH2m

FADH2m

FADH2m

FADH2m

FADH2m

FADH2m

C8HCOAm

NADm

H2Om

C10HCOAm

NADm

NADHm

H2Om

C12HCOAm

NADm

NADHm

C6OCOAm

C12DCOAm

H2Om

C14HCOAm

NADm

NADHm

C8OCOAm

C14DCOAm

C16HCOAm

H2Om

C18HCOAm

NADm

NADHm

C12OCOAm

C18DCOAm

H2Om

NADm

NADHm

C10OCOAm

C16DCOAm

C5HCOAm

NADm

H2Om

NADHm

C5OCOAm

C11DCOAm

H2Om

C9HCOAm

NADm

NADHm

C20OCOAm

C9DCOAm

C7HCOAm

NADm

NADHm

C18OCOAm

C7DCOAm

H2Om

C20HCOAm

NADHm

C16OCOAm

C5DCOAm

H2Om

NADm

NADHm

C14OCOAm

C20DCOAm

H2Om

C11HCOAm

NADm

H2Om

H2Om

O2

NADm

NADHm

C11OCOAm

C17DCOAm

C15HCOAm

NADm

NADHm

C9OCOAm

C15DCOAm

C13HCOAm

NADm

NADHm

C7OCOAm

C13DCOAm

H2Om

CIT

ICITe

2 ACCOAm

PROPm

Branched amino acids (Valine, leucine, isoleucine)

C17HCOAm

OAe

Alanine and aspartate conversions GLUm

PYRm

THRm

NADm

CO2m

GLUm

NADHm

C13OCOAm

NADHm

C15OCOAm

PYRe

O2 NADPH NADP

AMPm PPIm

SUCCe

ALAm

OAm

AKGm

ACCOAm AKGm

H2O2 NH3

AKGm

MAL

MALm ASPm

AKG GLU

GLUm

ASP

2MCITm

MUCL

O2

NADPH

BAMN

H2O

H2O

O2

3CMUCO

AACCOA

4CMUCL

NADP

3OA

OAEL

CO2m

ABUTm

To Mitochondrion

THRm

COAm

DDHVAm

NADPHm

NADHm

AKGm

ARG

ASPm

OICAPm

VALm

OMVALm GLUm

PYRm

NADm

GLN NADPH

ORN

AMPm

ITPm

NADP

ADPm

ADPm

PPIm

PRO

Protein synthesis

OAHSER

Beta- alanine

Alanine

THFm

GLU

NH3

ILEm

NADPHm

AKGm

NADPm

SACPm

AMASAm

AMAm

NADHm

NADPm

NADm

METTHF

MTHFm

NADPH

AKG

H2O

NADP

AKG

NAD

METHFm

METTHFm

FTHFm

FORm

ASP

ARG biosynthesis

FOR

bALA

CAPm GDPm

ADPm

IDPm

ADPm

AMPm

2 PIm

ADPm

NADPHm

NADPm

H2Om

NADPHm

ADPm

ATPm

THF

THFm

Protein synthesis

NADH

Proton pump

FADH2m

NAD

FADm

NADHm

NADm

0.5 O2m

4 H POm +

4 H+POm

H2Om

LLACm

PYRm LACm

½ O2m

PYRm

4 H+POm

H2Om

ADPm

3.88 H POm

3.88 H+POm

ATPm

K+m

3.88 H+POm

+

ATPm

ADPm

ATPm

Ca2+m

3.88 H+POm

ADPm

ATPm

ADPm

H POm +

FADH2m

GLY

FADm

SME3P PEP

OBUT

3.88 H+

Qm

Qm

QH2m

QH2m

r235

ATP H2O

Qm

Qm

Qm

Qm

Qm

QH2m

QH2m

QH2m

QH2m

QH2m

Qm

Qm

QH2m

QH2m

2 FERIm

2 FERIm

2 FERIm

2 FERIm

2 FERIm

2 FEROm

2 FEROm

2 FEROm

2 FEROm

2 FEROm

DIMGP

NH3

PI

3PSME

H2O

IMACP

Protein synthesis

H2S

PI

GLN

AC

CHOR

AKG

PYR GLU

LYSe AN

GLY

NADP

PHEN

PI

PRPP

NADPH

PPI

DOROA

NADH

OROA

4 H+PO

NADH

NAD

NAD

NADPH

NAPD

NADPH

4 H+PO

4 H+PO

NAPD

3.88 H+PO

4 H+PO

3.88 H+PO

3.88 H+PO

3.88 H+PO

K+

ADP

Ca2+

H+PO

ATP

RGT

4HPP

PHPYR

NPRAN GLU

2 NADH

GLU

FTHF

Degradation

NAD

AKG

CPADSP

PHE

PROe CO2

TYR HISN

COA H2O

NADH NADPH

NADPH

NADP

CO2

NADP

2 H2O

H2O2

O2

RTHIO

OTHIO

NADP

2 H2O2

Protein synthesis

NAHISN

SER

METHF

MTHF

SERe

ACCOA

IGP

From C3 metabolism

2 PI

PPI

PHEe

HIS

PROP

GL3P

T3P2

METe 2 NAD

CO2

NADH

NADPH

HISOL

CO2

AKG ADP PI

LEUe

HISOLP

Glutathione

ADP

METTHF

ILEe

GLU

ADP

H2O

GLNe

HISe

PI

ATP

NH3 CO2

GLU AIRCAR

ADP

ASN

PROPm

ADPm

ATPm

FOR

GLN

ACAL PYR

NAD

AC

GC

Protein synthesis

GLU

PRLP

ATP

THR

GLU

CYST

AMP NAD

GLUe

SME

ATP

NADH

H2O2

NH3

UREAm

4 H+POm

3.88 H+_e

H2O

NAD

O2

CO2

ATP

NAD

GLY

COA

GLN NADPm

NADP

ALA

NADH

CYS

2 CYS

ALA

ASPe

CYSe

NADH

OBUT Protein synthesis

PRFP

NADPH

METTHF

AC

NH3

NH3

NADH

O2

CO2m

AKGm

NADPHm

METTHFm

NH3m

NADHm

NADm

NADPm

GLUm

LYSm

GLU

H2O2

NADHm

H2O

DHSK

ACCOA

LLCT

NH3

PRBAMP

NAD

NADH

THF

ASER

PYR

SAM

NH3

QT

H2O

PPI

OA

THF

DQT

SER

PHSER

SAH

H2O

PYR

PPI

PI

ADP

SAM

PI

ASNe

PI

GLX

HCYS SAH

ARGe

PRBATP H2O

CYS biosynth.

H2O

ADN

SER

H2O

bALAe

PPI

3DDAH7P

3PSER

ATP

MTHF

THF

THFm NADm

AKG

PYR

H2S

ATP

GLUm

PI

HSER

NAD

Aspartate, Asparagine

GLU

NAD

AC

LYS

NADPH

NH3

NADP

MET

AKAm

AMPm

NADH

OXAm

AKGm

GLYe

PI

ACCOA

COA

VAL

LYSm

NADH

PRPP ATP

NADH

2 GLU VALm

ADP

ASPSA

NADH

GLU

NADm

Energy metabolism GTPm

P5C NADPH

SUCCm ORNm

NAD

NADP

NAD 2 H2O

ILE

ATP

PHP

NH3

LEU

ILEm

HICITm

GLUm

Histidine

PEP

E4P

3PG

BASP

GLUGSAL

NAD

NH3

GLUm

LEUm

ASP

GLU

ASP

LEUm

CO2m

GLUm

Aromatic AA

NADH

NADP

2MICITm

P5Cm

Glycine, Serine, Threonine

Homoserine

NADH

NH3

ATP

NADHm

NADPm

Cysteine

H2O

NADm

GLUm

NH3

ADP

GLUGSALm

Methionine

GLU

NADPH

H2Om

NADm

IPPMALm

OIVALm

Proline

AKG

THR

NADHm

NADPm

OTHIOm

SMEe

ALAe

HACNm

PROm

DHVALm

NADPHm

Glutamate, Glutamine

H2Om

CITRm

UREA

2MAC

H2O

AA biosynthesis

ARGm

NADPHm

GABA

NADP

COAm

HCITm

ASPm

Proline conversions

NADPHm

RTHIOm GABAe

O2

MUCO

QTe

2MACOm

AKGm

CAP

RES

BTOL

BAL NADPH

COAm

OBUTm

OA

SUCC

O2

C19OCOAm

Lysine

NADPHm

GABAm

CITR

NADPH

O2

O2

NADP

GLYm

PYR

PIe

NADHm

C17OCOAm

OAm

NH3m

ACLACm

NAGLUPm

GLXm

CO2

O2

NADm

H20m

H2Om

ICIT

GLX

NADPH

C19HCOAm

PROPCOAm ATPm COAm

To export transporter

ICITm

GABA

H2O NADP

COAm

FUMm

ICIT

O2e

H2Om

NADHm

CITe

NADH

C19DCOAm

COAm

C6HCOAm

H2Om

C10DCOAm

COAm

H2Om

C8DCOAm

COAm

C6DCOAm

ACCOAm

FADH2m

ACCOAm

FADH2m

ACCOAm

FADH2m

ACCOAm

FADH2m

ACCOAm

FADH2m

ACCOAm

FADH2m

SUCCm

FUM

H2Oe

C190COAm

FADH2m

OAm

SUCC

FUM

C150COAm

FADH2m

NADPm

NADPm

C130COAm

FADH2m

ACCOAm

ACO

C110COAm

FADH2m

ADPm

AKGm

C90COAm

FADH2m

ATPm

NAGLUSm

C70COAm

FADm

MALm

AKG

C50COAm

FADm

COAm

ACCOAm

NAGLUm

GLUm ICIT

C200COAm

FADm

2 PYRm

NAORNm

NADm

CO2m

C180COAm

FADm

ARGm

CO2m NADPHm

COAm

C160COAm

FADm

H2Om

ORNm

MALm ICITm

ACO MAL

SUCCOAm

C140COAm

FADm

GLUm

CO2

C120COAm

FADm

FUMm

NADPm

CO2m NADHm

GABA shunt

NADPH

MALe

ICITm

OH

ACCOAm

CAPm

AKG

CO2

OXALe

GABAm

SUCCSALm

ARGSUCCm

C100COAm

PIm

CO2m NADm

CARm

FADm

AACCOAm

Urea cycle

GLUm

CARm

FADm

NADHm

Glyoxylate shunt

FADm

CARm

FADm

C4HCOAm

PPIm

CITRm H2Om

CARm

FADm

NADm

ACOm

GLXm

TCA cycle

FADH2m

FADH2m

ACCOAm

H2Om

CARm

FADm

AMPm

H2Om

H2Om

CARm

FADm

ACCOAm ATPm ASPm

NAD RGT

CITm

ACm

CARm

FADm

H2Om

SUCCOAm

ATPm COA

ATP

FGT

FALD

MALm

MAL

CARm

COAm

NADH

Acid transporters

COA

To export transporter

ADP

COAm

COAm

NAD

ACCOA

COAm

ACCOAm

CIT

COAm

COAm

METHOL

COAm

COAm

FADm

C4DCOAm

OAm

NADPm

NADP

COAm

COAm

METHOLe

To export transporter

NH4OH

2 NH3

CO2

COAm

ACCOAm

C1 metabolism

NADm

H2O2e

CARm

COAm

COAm

OA

ADPm

C80COAm

ACCOAm

NAD

C190CARm

CARm

FADm

COAm

ATP

C60COAm

COAm

NADHm

CO2m

C170CARm

CARm

FADm

ACCOAm

OA

OXAL

NADPHm

CO2

NADH

ADP

H2Om

C40COAm

COAm

NADPH

ADP

3OACOAm

ACCOAm

H2O

ACCOAm

COAm

AC

PYR

ATP

SUCCm

ACCOAm

FRUe

COAm

COAm

CO2

To C1 metabolism

C150CARm

CARm

PAPS

NADm

CO2

GLCe

C200CARm

CARm

COAm

ACCOAm

NADHm

C180CARm

CARm

COAm

NADm

C160CARm

CARm

ACCOAm

NADHm

C140CARm

CARm

COAm

SUCe

NH3m

ACCOAm

PYR

ACm

AMPm

COAm

CO2m

H2O

PI

PYR

FUM

ATPm

COAm

NADm

PYRm PEP

NAD

PCC

ADP

COAm

CHO

GUA

CO2

NADPH

H2Oe

STACe

FALD

H2O NADP

NH3

CAR

ATP

ADP

PAPS

VAN

CCL

NADP CO2

RTHIO

S

PCC

CO2

BFOR

BN

BA H2O

NADPH

H2O

C190CAR

H2S

ADP

NADPH

O2

H2O

3MPYR

CAR

NADH

4HBA

ACTAC O2 H2O

GLACe

DHBA

NADH

NADH

H2O

RAFFe

LMAND

H2O

NAD

NADH

COA

CAR

3 H2O

H2O

NAD

AC

4HBAL

MACAC

CAR

COA

O2

3 NADP

H2O

CO2

SALI

O2

NADH

GLCe GLACe

DMAND

COUM

O2

CO2

ATP

NAD

COA

3 NADP

H2O

C190COA

CAR

NADP

ATP

NAD

NADPH

NAD CO2

H2O2

C160COA

OTHIO

3 NADPH

CO2e

NADP

NADP

APS

SLF

VANIN

DHCHDDC

NH3

GEN

TRE

NADP

AN

NADH

NADPH

O2

R1P

C140COA

CHOSLF

NH3

ADP

TREe

FOR

CO2

C120COA

PAP

3 H2O

METHOL

H2O

H2O

H2SO3

3 NADPH

2 CO2

ALA

NAD

4HPP

O2

UREAC

O2

O2

NADP

O2

GNTAL

PI

2PG

H2SO3

NADPH

HNO2

PI

NADPH

NADPH

NADP

F6P

Even number of carbons

H2SO3

H2O

FERHCOA

H2O

4HMAND

NADPH

E4P

FERCOA

TPHTH

NADP

GLYN

ADP

METHOL

KYN

H2O

NADPH

H2O

PEP

H2O

FOR

4HPAC

PHAC

NADH

NAD

PRCP

ATP

LAC

AMP

H2O

O2

NADH

RGT

MTPHTH

NADH

To Ox at mitochondrion

S7P

F6P

AMP

H2O

H2O

GLCe

FKYN O2

NADP

NADP

CO2

NH3

PPI

ATP

METHOL

3HIND

PHAL H2O

HNO3

UREA

COA

H2O NADP

CO2

ACCOA

PYR

H2O

O2

ATP

H2O

2 NH3

ATP

PI

NAD

COA

To Ox at mitochondrion

NADH

3HPYR

NAD

FER

DMT

TRP

PI

ADP

NAD

IND

PHPYR

ETH

O2

LACAL

LACT

LACTe

LLAC

PROPAL

H2O

NADP

GLAC

G

GLYN

GL

NADH

H2O

3PG GLACe

GLYAL

PROP

XYL

13PDG

NADPH

XUL5P

OXGLY

NAD NAD

NADPH

NADPH

TAR

PI

CO2

ATP

To Mitochondrion

FALD

R5P

PRPP

T3P1

PI

NADPH

LXUL

NAD

T3P1

MTHGXL

EU

NADH

ATP

AMP

NADH

T3P2

NADP

AOL

RL5P

NADH

2 DGLC

2 GLC

MLT

To HIS biosynthesis

RL5P

R1P

NADPH

ADP

PI

H2O

H2O

Pyrimidine metabolism

PI NAD

Export/ import

TRE

NIG PSNIG

DPDGC GL3P

PI

CO2

NADH

r125

NAD

NADP

NADP

RL

NADH

NADP

FDP

H2O

14GLUCAN

NADPH

R5P

H2O

NADPH

ATP

PI

NADPH

T3P2

LACAL

GDPMAN

NADPH

LARAB

LAOL NADPH

NADP

F6P

PYR

GLYAL

NADP

PPI

NADPH

ATP

H2O

PYR

Di-tetrasaccharide metabolism

NADP

D6PGC

RHAMNP

F26P

NADP

ADP

D6PGC

D6PGL

G6P

H2O

ADP

ADP

bDG6P

ARAB

NAD

ADP

KDDGC

ATP

ATP

NADH

MAN1P

UDP

GLYAL

ADP

PI

RHAMN

F6P

MNT1P

PPI

UDPGAL

2D3DGALT

H2O

ARABLAC

ATP

ATP

NADPH

ADP

NAD

UTP

ATP

O2

NAD

COA

NADP

RIBOL

RIB

GLC

bDGLC H2O2

ADP

G6P

UTP

GLCN15LAC

O2

47

2 NAD

G1P

GAL1P

GALNT

2 NADH

MLTe

ATP

ADP

UDPGALU

2 GLCe

ATP

ATP

NADPH

GLCNT

H2O2

NADPH

1 r1

H2O

NADP

RHA

ATP

Nucleotide sugars

ATP

PPI

H2Oe

NAD

NAD

NADH

GLAC

FRU

MAN

SOT

NADPH

GALUNTP UTP

SOR

SLFe

O2

T3P1

THRe

TRPe

TRP

TYRe

VALe

Fatty acid synthesis Pyrimidine metabolism

ATP

Even number of carbons

Purine metabolism

CITRe

PROP

Odd number of carbons

COA AMP

GLN

CAP 2 ATP

GLU

ASP

2 ADP

DOROA

CAASP

PPI

From EMP

PROPCOA ACP

PI O2

ATNe

OROA

ATN

GLN

PRPP

PPI

GLU

GLY

PPI

ATP

AMP

NH3 H2Oe

cAMPe

ATP

AMPe

UTP

GDP

GLN ADP

UMP

dUTP XANe

XAN

PI

dUMP

DU

ADP

DR1P

PI

ADP

GLU

URIe

ADP ADP

CTP URAe

ATP

ADP

CYTD

ADP

ATP

dCTP

dCDP ADP

ADe

ATP

H2O

PI

PPI

DTHIO

H2O

DA

R1P

ATP

dTTP

ADP

H2O

PI

NH3

GLN

H2O

AMP

GLU

MALACP

ACP

CO2

PI

H2O

R1P

R1P

RIB

NH3

PPI

PPI

ATP

PI PRPP

PRPP

RIB

XAN H2O

R5P GN

NAD H2O

NADH

C6OACP

NH3

MALACP

ACP

C8OACP

C10OACP

C14OACP

C12OACP

CO2

MALACP

ACP

C16OACP

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

C4HACP

C6HACP

C8HACP

C10HACP

C14HACP

C12HACP

H2O

H2O

H2O

C4DACP

H2O

CO2

COA

ACP

CO2

C6DACP

C8DACP

C10DACP

CO2

MALACP

ACP

CO2

ACP

MALACP

CO2

MALACP

ACP

CO2

MALACP

ACP

CO2

MALACP

ACP

C5OACP

C7OACP

C9OACP

C11OACP

C15OACP

C13OACP

CO2

ACP

C17OACP

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

C5HACP

C20HACP

C7HACP

C16DACP

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

H2O

H2O

H2O

NADPH

2 ACCOA

C40ACP

C9HACP

H2O

C5DACP

C20DACP

C18DACP NADPH

C60ACP

C80ACP

C100ACP

C140ACP

C120ACP

NADP

C11HACP

C15HACP

C13HACP

C60e

C19OACP NADPH

C80e

NADP

C17HACP

H2O

C7DACP

H2O

C9DACP

H2O

H2O

C19HACP

C11DACP

H2O

C100e

H2O

C15DACP

C13DACP

C17DACP

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

NADP

COA

H2O

COA

H2O

COA

H2O

COA

COA

H2O

H2O

COA

NADH

O2

H2O

COA

C50ACP

C200ACP

C180ACP

C160ACP NADH

NADH

O2

C120e C19DACP

NADPH

C140e

H2O

COA

O2

H2O

C70ACP

C90ACP

C110ACP

C150ACP

C130ACP

C190ACP

C170ACP NADH

COA

COA

NADP

H2O

COA

COA

H2O

C141e

NADH

O2

COA

H2O

O2

C150e

ACP NAD

ACP

ATP

ACP

C40 ATP

C40COA

C60

C80

ACP

ACP

ACP

C100

C80COA

COA

ACP

C120

C100COA

COA

PPI AMP

NADH ATP

ATP

ACP ACP

C60COA

COA PPI AMP

DG

ACP ACP

COA

COA

PPI AMP ATP

PPI AMP ATP

ACP

C160

PPI AMP

H2O

COA

ATP

C160COA

COA PPI AMP

O2

C141COA

PPI AMP

C180

NADH

C180COA

NADH

C162ACP

H2O

H2O

H2O

ATP

C190COA

COA PPI AMP

H2O2 PPI AMP

ACP

NADH

ACP

ACP

C191

C161e

C191COA

C162e

COA PPI AMP

2 H2O

ATP

H2O

COA

COA

NAD

PPI AMP

ATP

H2O

O2

C171COA

COA

NH3

C160e

C191ACP

ATP ACP

C171

C182ACP

COA

ATP

C190 COA

H2O

C181COA

C170e

ATP

C192ACP

O2

NADH

H2O2

PPI AMP

2 H2O

ACP

C171ACP

COA

COA

COA

2 H2O

ATP

C170COA

PPI AMP

NAD

ACP

C181

NAD

PPI AMP

C170

C150COA

ACP

PENAL

O2

C161COA

C150

NAD

2 H2O

ACP

COA PPI AMP

ATP ACP

ACP ACP

COA

COA

H2O

ACP

ACP

C181ACP

COA

COA

2 H2O

ATP

NH3

H2O

C180COA

ACP

C161

NAD

PPI AMP

H2O2

ACP

O2

COA

BUTAL

URIC

COA

H2O

NADH

NAD

NADH

C180

NAD

C50COA

ACP

2 H2O

ACP

ATP

ACP

C141

ACP

C161ACP

ATP ACP

NAD

2 H2O

ACP

C140COA C141ACP

COA

PPI AMP

ATP

C140

NAD

2 H2O

ACP

C120COA

PI

H2O

MALACP

ACP

NADPH

C18HACP

H2O

C14DACP

C12DACP

COA

dGMP

CO2

C40e

dGTP ADP

MALACP

ACP

C20OACP

C18OACP

C16HACP

H2O

H2O

COA

DR1P

MALACP

ACP

NADPH

DR1P DR1P

CO2

NADPH

ACP

R1P

NAD

AACCOA

dGDP ADP

CO2

NADPH

H2O

PI

MALACP

ACP

NADPH

PRPP

R1P HYXN

H2O

CO2

MALACP

MALACP

DTHIO

GSN

MALACP

ACP

ADP

RTHIO

ADP

CO2

COA

PI

GTP

PI

ATP

PI

ADP

GDP H2O

ADP

THY PI

ATP

MALACP

ACP

COA

ATP

AMP

CO2

ACACP

ACP

COA

GMP

NADH

PI

PI

ADP

MALACP

ACP

MALCOA

ACTAC

PPI

XMP NAD

BCCP

cGMP

PI

DIN DT

H2O

ATP

INS

AD

NH3

DHF

dTMP

dTDP

ASP

ATP

H2O

PPI

ATP

H2O

PI

ATP

CO2

ACACP

ACCOA

CO2

ATP

H2O

ADP

RIB

dAMP

PI ATP

CBCCP

ADP

H2O

IMP

ASUC

H2O

PI

ADP

GDP

R5P

METTHF

ADP

ADP

CAIR ADP

GTP

ADN

PRPP

ATP

DC

AD

SAICAR

PI

ASP

GDP

H2O

ADP

ATP

dADP GMP

dCMP ADP

ATP

H2O

H2O

cCMP HYXN

ATP

dATP

H2O

DTHIO

HYXNe

CYTS H2O

NH3

ADP

H2O

RTHIO

URA

FUM AMP

RTHIO

PPI

CMP

CDP

GLU

IDP

H2O

PI

URI

ITP

cIMP

ATP

ADP H2O

NH3 H2O AMP

cAMP

NH3

PRPP

ADP ATP

ATP

ADP

AMP

PPI

H2O

dUDP ADP

PI

URA

ATP

H2O PPI

ADP

RIB

ATP

DTHIO

GLN

THF

FUM

FTHF

THF

URI

ADP

AMP

AICAR

GMP H2O

ATP

FTHF

MALACP

ACP

RTHIO

ATP

ADP

AIR

FGAM

AACACP

ATP

UDP

PI

PRFICA

ADP ADP

ATP

FGAR

H2O2

CO2

ATPe

GAR

CO2

PI

H2O

PRAM

r2102

PRPP

OMP

O2

PENN

C171e

COA

H2O

O2

HIUR

ATN H2O

ATT H2O

UGC H2O

UREA

GLX H2O

NAD

BUTN

ACP

2 NH3 CO2

ACP

C162

DTBe

O2

2 H2O

H2O2

FOR 3CPYRD

OIVALm METTHF

PI

THF

3 PI

NAD

ADCHOR

KYN

H2O

NADH

GLAL

GLYA

NICD

AHHMP

O2

AMP

PYR PABA

H2O

GLU

H2O2

NAMN

ATP

PPI

GLN

ATP

PPI

GLX

H2O

NAD AHHMD

ADP

H2O

PI

NH3

NAMR

PRPP

PPI

H2O

NICA

ADP

H2O PPI

NADP

AMP

AMP ATP

DHPT ATP

CO2

ADP

CTP

PI

DTB

H2O

C18PSPH

C18PSPH C180COA

CO2

CO2

C190e

C191DHSPH

NADPH

NADPH

NADP

NADP

C191e

C192e

C191SPH

C200e

C20PSPH C181COA

Biosynthesis of lanosterol

Biosynthesis of cerebrin 2 C20PSPH

C180COA

C18SPH C181COA

C18SPH C180COA

C20SPH C181COA

C20SPH C180COA

AACCOA

COA

COA

COA

CERB1B

CERB1C

COA

COA

CERB1D

COA

CERB2A

COA

CERB2B

CERB2C

ADPR

0.25 CERB1C

0.25 CERB1D

0.25 CERB2A

0.25 CERB2B

0.25 CERB2C

COA

CERB2D

4 H2O

ATP

ATP

ADP

ADP

C91SPH

C191SPH

CERB2

C180COA

C181COA

COA

COA

COA

CEREB1

Biosynthesis of galactocerebroside CERB2A

UDPG

UDPG

UDP

UDP

UDP

GALCERA GLUCER1

GLUCER2

IPC

UDP

GDPMAN

GALCERB

0.5 GALCERA

ERGOD

ERGOSE

0.5 GALCERB

MIPC

IPPP

CO2

CDOL

PI

3 O2

CO2

3 NADPH

2 H2O

0.25 CLCDPDG 0.25 PECDPDG 0.25 PSCDPDG 0.25 PCCDPDG

MI1P

MGC181

DMPP

MYOI

CDPDG

GL H2O

NADP

NADPH

ACP

PEPA

PINS

CTP

CTP

PPI

PPI

PSCDPDG

PI

PECDPDG SER

SER

CMP

CMP

Acyls PS

H2O

Acyls

Chitin biosynthesis

ERGOST

Galactoglucomannan biosynthesis

PEPS

GL3P 0.13 UDPG

F6P

NADPH

0.435 GDPMAN

Acyls

Phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis 0.435 UDPGAL

CO2

PE Acyl-ACPs

ACP

NADP

GLU

ERGOST

ACP

PCAGL3P 0.565 UDP

GA6P

LPE

T3P2

Acyl-ACPs

Cardiolipin biosynthesis

PCAT3P2

Acyl-ACPs NADP

GL3P

NADPH

Acyl-ACPs

0.435 GDP

CO2

GPP

COA

NAGA6P

ZYMST

PCPA

GGM

ACP CTP

CLAGL3P Acyl-ACPs

PPI

UDPGAL

NAGA1P

FPP

ACP

CTP CMP

DGDMIPC

PCPS

PPI NADP

UDPGAL

SQL O2

UDP

UDPNAG

CLCDPDG GL3P

AC

0.064 UDPG

H2O

0.184 UDPNAGAL

0.752 UDPGAL

CO2

PCPE

UDP NADP

PPI

UDPNAGAL

Chitin hydrolysis

NADPH

TGDMIPC

CLPA

SER

UTP

FPP

UDP

PPI

Galactosaminogalactan biosynthesis

GDMIPC

NADPH

CHIT

CHITO

CMP

CLPIGP

SAM

S23E

H2O

UDP H2O

H2O

LNST

SAH

GAG

PI

PCPMME

NAG

PG

H2O

SAM

CLCDPDG

AC

SAH

CMP

GLCN

PCPDME ATP

CL SAM Acyls

ADP

GA6P

OTAe

PEAT3P2

NADPH

UDP

OTA

PEAGL3P

ACP

UDPGAL

5 COA

ACP

CMP

DMIPC

4 MALCOA

ACP

PSPA

ACCOA

ACCOA

Acyl-ACPs

Acyl-ACPs

ACP

TAGLY H2O

T3P2

Acyl-ACPs

PSAT3P2 NADP

3 NADP

CDA

PHE

PSAGL3P Acyl-ACPs

GLN

GDPMAN

GALCER

ACP

UDP

DGDG

GL3P Acyl-ACPs

ACP

ERGOT

4 H2O

Secondary metabolism

T3P2

NADPH

NADP

ADP

COA

H2O

TAGLYP

Phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis

Acyl-ACPs

r957

SEMAG

O2

ATP

UDP

2 H2O

PPMVL UDPGAL

Acyls

PI

ACP

ERGOST

NADP

DCDA

ADP

CERB2B UDPGAL

CEREB2

4 H2O

PINS

SEDAG

3 NADP

ATP

PI

THFG

Biosynthesis of GPSL G

UDP

GL3P

PI

O2

3 NADPH

DAGLY H2O

NADPH

3 O2

PMVL

Acyl-ACPs

UDPG

UDPGAL

Phosphatidylserine biosynthesis

G6P

UDPGAL

MGDG

H2O

DAGLYP

H2O

EPST

ADP

Acyls

PI

ACP

NADPH

DCDOL

Biosynthesis of glucocerebrosides

GLU

Acyl-ACPs

SEDAGP

NADP

C181COA

MAGLY

MAGLYP H2O

DCTOL

ATP

DPCOA

SEMAGP Acyl-ACPs

FEST

ATP

NADP

ACP

ACP

MVL

CERB2

DAGLY

Phosphatidylinositol biosynthesis

Acyl-ACPs

FOR

COA

CO2

CERB1

Acyl-ACPs

SAH

3 NADP

0.25 CERB2D

4PPNTE

THF

SAM

Glycolipid metabolism

GL3P

ACP

2 NADP

PPI

Glycerolipid metabolism

GL3P

ZYMST

COA

BT

NADPH

Ergosterolester metabolism

3 O2

H3MCOA 0.25 CERB1B

Biosynthesis of ergosterol

3 NADPH

2 NADPH

ADP

DHF

LNST

C181COA

S

0.25 CERB1A

PI

Biosynthesis of zymosterol

ACCOA

CERB1A

PPI

NH3

4PPNCYS

GLU

C183e

NADP

DAONA

CYS CMP H2O

COA

Biosynthesis of cerebrin 1 ATP

NICD R5P

C183COA

COA

SAMOB

H2O

H2O

C182e

SAM

PNTO

COA

NMN

ATP

C20PSPH

H2O PI

PPI AMP

O2

4.3.1.17

AONA

ADP ATP

C181e

COA

NADPH COA

AMP

NICA

NAR

ACP

C192COA

CO2

3CPYRD

H2O

COA

C20SPH

ATP

bALA

PPI

PI

NICAe

DMNAD

AMP

ATP

NICDe

CHCOA ALA

PPI CO2

GLU KYNe

NADP

ACP

C183

SER

C20DHSPH

2 COA

PANT

GLN

QUIN

PRPP

H2O

COA

C192

ATP

2 CO2 NADPH

ATP

Incorporation of fatty acids from medium Degradation of alkane amines

PPI AMP

4 NADPH

AKP

DHP

CHOR

SER

4 NADP

2 H2O

AHTD

PPI AMP

C171COA

3 MALCOA

T3P1

QUIN

QUINe

Biotin biosynthesis C180COA

IMASP

ASP

PPI AMP

ACP

C183ACP

C182COA

COA

ATP

DTB GTP

3CPYRDe

CoA and pantothenate biosynthesis

NAD and NADPH biosynthesis

C182

C162COA

C180e

ACP

2 H2O

ACP

COA

Biosynthesis of precursors for glucolipids Folate biosynthesis

ACP

SAH PC

LPC

BUTNe

PENNe