HCS 3320 Syllabus - Department of Horticulture and Crop Science

HCS 3320 Plant Propagation: Manipulation of Plant Reproduction Spring Semester 2013

Syllabus Instructor grafting

flower biology

Teaching Assistant

Pablo Jourdan

Peter Zale

[email protected] 292-3708 Office Hours by appointment (e-mail me)

[email protected] Also assisting: David Snodgrass, Jim Vent

Classes Lectures & Laboratories Tuesday & Thursday 9:10 - 11:00 a.m. Lec: Howlett Hall 116 Lab: HT 116 & HG 117

Course Description The manipulation of plant reproduction is the basis for plant propagation which, in turn, is one of the fundamental and characteristic activities of horticulture. Any individual working with horticultural and agronomic crops must understand the natural and induced variation in such plants and how this variation is managed. To be effective in propagating plants both the biological bases and the commercial practices must be studied and understood. In general, plant propagation involves a detailed study of the concepts, techniques, equipment, and facilities involved in sexual and asexual multiplication in plants. Knowledge of basic plant biology (taxonomy, morphology, anatomy and physiology) is presumed, but the important aspects of these disciplines will be reviewed as they pertain to each propagation method.

DNA

Course Goals, Objectives and Purpose The goal of HCS 3320 is to introduce the botanical concepts that underlie the propagation of plants and to acquaint the students with the methods and technologies that are used in the propagation industry.

seedlings

This goal will be met if students achieve the following objectives: • Understand the principles of plant inheritance and the biology of plant reproduction and organogenesis. • Understand the physiology and anatomy of asexual and sexual propagation. • Understand the appropriate methods of asexual and sexual propagation based upon biological characteristics of horticultural crops. • Understand how the propagation environment affects the success of the propagation method. • Develop basic skills of asexual and sexual propagation.

pollen grains

HCS 3320 - Syllabus Spring 2013 page 2

These objectives will be met by relating an understanding of physiological processes and morphology of plants to plant reproduction and regeneration in order to establish successful methods of propagating plants. The information supporting these objectives will be presented in reading assignments, lectures, labs and other activities. Success in achieving the objectives will be determined by the students demonstrating an understanding of factual material, completion of learning assignments, experience and completion of laboratories, and being able to assimilate various elements of the information in order to synthesize logical conclusions to questions and problems. embryo development

Class Activities Achieving the goals and objectives of HCS 3320 requires that students participate in the 4 major areas of teaching & learning: 1. lectures and note taking (this is important!) 2. laboratories and experiences 3. reading and writing assignments 4. group activities and discussion

divisions

Information about plant propagation exists in different forms: written (printed and digital), within images (printed and digital), in videos, and audio files. Information that the instructors deems important and relevant will be presented orally, with supporting visuals and personal observations and investigation. Lectures present information on the science and technology of plant propagation that are gathered from various sources so they do not duplicate all reading materials. Laboratories present some practical aspects of propagation and utilize handouts and visuals. Therefore, to gain a full experience, each student must participate in all aspects of the class. Lectures. A lecture schedule is included below (page 5). The instructor anticipates that the students will read background information pertaining to the lecture topic prior to the class. Students will be tested on information presented in lectures and the reading material.

seedling development

Laboratories. A tentative schedule of laboratory activities is also included. The ‘labs‘ and ‘demonstrations‘ provide some hands-on experiences and are meant to introduce students to plant materials and propagation practices. Students are responsible for attending all sessions as these cannot be made up; each student will be part of a group that will work as a team throughout the semester. Students will be graded individually on laboratory performance by submitting written reports

Resources for Learning The course includes abundant sources of information on its Carmen website (http://carmen.osu.edu)

sexual reproduction

Textbook: Plant Propagation: Principles and Practices. 8th Edition. Hartmann, Kester, Davies and Geneve, Prentice Hall, Inc. This book should be part of any horticulturist’s library.


Course organization Class meets twice a week; each class session may consist of either a 2-hour lecture, a 2-hour lab, or a combination of the two. Each student will be part of a group that will work as a team throughout the semester. Attendance to all classes is mandatory; opportunities to make-up activities, especially labs, will be extremely limited and will require extenuating circumstances. UNLESS OTHERWISE INDICATED, ALL LECTURES AND LABORATORIES BEGIN PROMPTLY AT 9:10 a.m. IN HOWLETT HALL 116.

The course does not develop in a traditional balance of lectures and labs each week. Instead, there will be an emphasis on hands-on activities during the first half of the semester. It is likely that students will be performing some activities that they do not fully understand at first, but because development of the plant material takes some time, it is worthwhile initiating the activity and as the semester progresses, follow the development and relate what’s happening to the information presented in lectures. The second half of the semester will have a higher proportion of lectures, but opportunities to follow lab activities will be provided.

hardwood cutting

NOTE: it is expected that students will work on class-related matters outside of the scheduled class time. This includes monitoring progress of experiments and laboratory activities. Students should plan to examine propagated materials in the Howlett Greenhouses at different times, Monday-Friday, between working hours of 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. This activity can be shared by group members.

Course Evaluation Components Written Exams & Quizzes (50% of the final grade) Two comprehensive exams and 3 quizzes will be given during the semester. The exams will include material from lecture and laboratories. Since this is a concepts, principles and management course, a variety of testing questions will be included. Because the objectives of this course are for the student to relate physiological growing processes to propagation technologies and to develop an understanding of management of propagation systems, the students will be expected to organize ideas, thoughts, and factual information in order to give logical answers to discussion questions.

Midterm Exam - Thursday, 21 February, 9:10 a.m. (17%)

Final Exam - Thursday, 25 April, 10:00 a.m. (24%)

3 Quizzes (see schedule) (9%) Laboratory Activities Reports (50% of the final grade) A series of hands-on activities have been designed to introduce students to the basic practices of plant propagation. Activities will be performed as part of a group, but written reports of the activities will be done individually. Below is a list of the reports that will be generated based on the laboratory activities: 1. Propagation biology (5%) 2. Environment and media (5%) 3. Annual seed propagation & begonia cutting propagation(7%) 4. Woody plant cutting propagation. (5%) 5. Tomato grafting. (5%) 6. Larson’s grafting wisdom (3%). 7. Different plant parts propagation. (5%) 8. Plectranthus species propagation. (5%) 9. Seed germination experiment. (10%)

Grading A AB+ B BC+ C CD+ D E

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Scale 94-100 90-93 87-89 83-86 80-82 77-79 76-73 70-72 67-69 60-66 0-59


Academic honesty: Please familiarize yourself with Ohio State's Academic Integrity Policy. Resources can be found at the website for OSU's Office of Academic Affairs, Committee on Academic Misconduct: http://oaa.osu.edu/coam/resources.html. In particular, please read section 3335-23-04A of the Code of Student Conduct (http://studentaffairs.osu.edu/pdfs/csc_12-31-07.pdf), and the “Ten suggestions for maintaining academic integrity” (http://oaa.osu.edu/coam/ten-suggestions.html). Disability statement: Students with disabilities that have been certified by the Office for Disability Services will be appropriately accommodated, and should inform the instructor as soon as possible of their needs. The Office for Disability Services (http://www.ods.ohio-state.edu ) is located in 150 Pomerene Hall, 1760 Neil Avenue. asexual propagation

Undergraduate and Graduate Learning Objectives for the Sustainable Plant Systems Major: How H&CS 3320 meets some of these objectives. Upon successfully completing their degree program, H&CS undergraduates will: 1. Be competent in critical thinking and research, i.e., have the ability to effectively gather or generate, analyze, evaluate, and disseminate information. H&CS 3320: requires students to synthesize knowledge about plant anatomy, morphology, physiology and reproduction as it applies to the propagation of plants. 2. Have the ability to integrate the fundamentals of physical and biological sciences (e.g chemistry, physics, biology, botany, genetics, molecular biology, evolution, scientific method, etc. ) in sustainable plant systems. H&CS 3320: knowledge of plant reproduction and its manipulation is inherently integrative as successful propagation requires awareness of physical and chemical properties of soils and artificial media; concepts of taxonomy and nomenclature; principles of genetics; physiology of plants (dormancy, germination, water relations, nutrition, etc). 3. Have translational plant science competency, i.e., the ability to apply horticulture, and agronomic principles (e.g. soil science, plant phys., crop/field ecology, landscape design and maintenance, pest management, etc.) to grow and maintain healthy plants in an efficient, economically sound, environmentally compatible, and socially responsible way. H&CS 3320: manipulation of plant reproduction for commercial purposes requires that practitioners balance plant science knowledge, legal requirements, and sustainable practices to reduce adverse environmental impacts of propagation. 5. Be able to communicate effectively in all aspects (oral, electronic, written, visual, etc.) at a professional level. H&CS 3320: students are required to provide written reports on appropriate topics 7. Have an appreciation for and ability to practice life-long learning through self-awareness and evaluation, seeking knowledge, and using evaluation and synthesizing skills. H&CS 3320: students are required to self-direct in the study of propagation principles and practices. 8. Have developed an appreciation of and respect for diversity. H&CS 3320: the core function of manipulating plant reproduction is to tame and manage the diversity and variation in plants that have evolved in highly diverse ecosystems.

seed components

Aesculus seed

mature seedling

tubers


Tentative Schedule (subject to change based on prevailing conditions) Week

Tuesday

Thursday

1

j8 Lecture: Introduction, course structure, overview of propagation

j10 Laboratory: Propagation Botany (report due 17 January)

2

(Jan)

j15 Laboratory: Seed germination and begonia cuttings (report due 12 February)

j17 Laboratory: propagation containers, misthouse, tents, fog, media (Snodgrass,Vent) (report due 29 January)

3

j22 Lecture: Propagation biology

j24 Laboratory: Tomato Grafting (Kleinhenz et al.) (report due 19 February) Quiz #1

4

(Jan)

j29 Laboratory: Grafting demonstration woody plants (Rich Larson) (report due 6 Feb)

j31 Laboratory: cutting propagation, woody plants (report due 21 March)

5

f5 Lecture: Asexual propagation concepts & practices

f7 Laboratory: herbaceous cutting propagation (Plectranthus) (report due 5 Mar)

6

f12 Lecture: Asexual propagation continued

f14 Laboratory: Propagation of different plant parts (report due 26 Mar)

7

f21 MIDTERM EXAM

(Feb)

f19 Lecture: Grafting & Budding Laboratory: Transplanting seedlings

8

f26 Lecture: Cutting Propagation

f28 Lecture: Cutting Propagation

9

m5 Lecture: Cutting Propagation

m7 Lecture: Other Asexual Propagation Quiz #2

12

14

(Jan)

(Jan)

(Feb)

(Feb)

(Feb)

(Mar) SPRING

BREAK

10

m19 Lecture: Micropropagation

m21 Laboratory: Seed germination experiment - Phlox & Rudbeckia (report due 18 April)

11

m26 Lecture: Biology of seeds

m28 Lecture: flower and seed Development

12

a2 Lecture: Genetic Principles

a4 Laboratory: divisions

13

a9 Lecture: Seed propagation Techniques

a11 Laboratory: catch up on items

14

a16 Lecture: Seed Physiology

a18 Lecture: completion and review

(Mar)

(Mar)

(Apr)

(Apr)

(Apr) Finals

a25 FINAL EXAM - 10:00 a.m.

Quiz #3


Key Dates Date

Item

17 January

Report on propagation botany

24 January

Quiz #1

29 January

Report on containers, environment & media

6 February

Answers to questions on Rich Larson’s demonstration

12 February

Report on seed germination & begonia cuttings

19 February

Report on tomato grafting

21 February

Midterm Exam

5 March

Report on Plectranthus propagation

7 March

Quiz #2

21 March

Report on woody plant propagation

26 March

Report on different plant parts propagation

11 April

Quiz #3

18 April

Report on seed germination experiment

25 April

Final Exam

propagation materials

chimeras

Some Thoughts Part of the learning experience is to share information and ideas (gained through reading, experience, and experimentation) by participating in discussions and written assignments. Learning can be a social activity. These activities are encouraged and required. However, the expression of those ideas, speculations, and conclusions should be in your own words. Where written assignments required using someone else’s ideas or words, an appropriate reference (and citation) should be made to the source of the information. WARNING: avoid the excessive use of quotations in any written work. In an applied field such as horticulture there is often an expectation that every course taken by undergraduates should be primarily a ‘how-to’ experience. I believe strongly that there is no substitute for hands on experiences that provide students with practical knowledge. However, knowledge of plant propagation cannot be neatly condensed into a 14-week semester where the course must compete for the student attention, time, energy and thoughts with other courses, extracurricular activities, and/or jobs. You will not learn all there is to manipulating plant reproduction in this course! You will begin the process. My goal in this class is not just to train you in the techniques of propagation; rather, I want to help you educate yourself on the fundamental principles that underlie propagation of horticultural crops. You will encounter aspects of plant propagation in every subsequent course you take in Horticulture and you must try to understand the principles rather than memorize key words or phrases.