75.000 L textile dye wastewater relea- sed a day. The wastewater is usually ended in River (Musi and Ogan River). Coal barge usually lead the formati-.
Heavy Metal Contamination (Surface water and Product) A Case Study in Musi River-Palembang, South Sumatera-Indonesia Adri Huda, Universitas Sriwijaya-Indonesia E-mail: adrihuda.student.pps.unsri.ac.id
Plantation and Agricultural Sector
Coal Stockpile and Coal Barge Port
Legend: : River : Textile Industry : Administrative Boundaries of Palembang : Coal Stockpile and Coal Barge Port
Musi River, Palembang Textile Industry
Background Musi River is the largest river in Palembang, South Sumatera-Indonesia and becomes the important role especially in Economic aspect. The main function of Musi River is a water source by People around the river and some industry and sector such as Textile (Songket) industry and Agricultural sector. In addition, Musi River and its riverside are also used as the transportation path for Coal Barge and Cargo Ship, and Coal Stockpile, respectively. However, the activities along musi river could probably contribute to the waste inputs containing some chemical components such as heavy metal. Some reports have presented that Pesticide, Textile dye wastewater, and Coal dominated as the heavy metal source which contaminated Musi River. There is no comprehensive research that has been conducted to give the Ecotoxicological risk assessment in Musi river. Insufficient resource and inadequate control mechanism become the most problem in giving the risk assessment.
Some Potential Heavy Metal Source along Musi River
Palm Oil Plantation
Residual Pesticides
There is 3005 Formulation of Pesticide in Indonesia with reaching more than 500 billion in infestation annually. In general, Pesticide is usually used 6 times in a planting period. There are no available data how much annually pesticide is used in Indonesia.
Textile (Songket) Industry
Textile dye wastewater
Most of the Industry do not have a waste water treatment in their industry. Most of the dyes used is a synthetic dye. There is approximately 50.000 75.000 L textile dye wastewater released a day. The wastewater is usually ended in River (Musi and Ogan River).
Coal Barge Transportation
Spilled Coal and Coal Ash Spill
Coal barge usually lead the formation of large waves which raise the mud and increase the water turbidity. In addition, the coal stockpile in coal barge port usually generates the coal ash spill which releases and fly around Musi river.
Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Musi River Water [1] No.
Parameter
Result
1
pH
2.95-6.40
6-9
Surface Water Standard*
2
COD (mg O2/L)
3-6
10
3
P as Phosphat (μg/Kg)
0.40-0.93
0.2
4
NH3-N (mg/Kg)
0.8-0.9
0.5
5
Cr (mg/Kg)
0.001
0.05
6
Cu (mg/Kg)
0.004
0.02
7
Fe (mg/Kg)
0.38-1.08
0.3
8
Mn (mg/Kg)
0.3-1.3
0.1
9
Zn (mg/Kg)
0.59-0.92
0.005
10
As (mg/Kg)
0.018-0.021
0.05
11
Pb (mg/Kg)
0.001-0.005
0.3
12
Cd (mg/Kg)
0.021-0.137 [2]
0.1
13
T. Coliform (Total/100 mL)
2,400
1,000
The heavy metal are accumulated and settled in food
Pollution Level High
Low
Note: * The regulation of South Sumatera Governor no. 19/2005 [3]
Heavy Metal contaminated in Food Fish [5]
Vegetable [4]
1.0230 - 1.1730 mg/Kg 0.2437 - 6.0867 mg/Kg 0.4500 - 8.6300 mg/Kg
References [1] Windusari, Y., Sari, N. P., 2015. Kualitas Perairan Sungai Musi di Kota Palembang Sumatera Selatan. Bioeksperimen. 1 (1) 1-5. [2] Emilia, I., Suheryanto, Hanafiah Z., 2013. Distribusi Logam Kadmium dalam Air dan Sedimen di Sungai Musi Kota Palembang. Jurnal Penelitian Sains. 16 (2) 59-64 [3] Peraturan Gubernur Sumatera Selatan No. 16 tahun 2005 tentang Peruntukan Air dan Baku Mutu Air Sungai.
Pempek (Palembang’s dishes) [6] 1.0100 - 2.9200 mg/Kg < 0.0006 mg/Kg
[4] Sutanto 2002. Studi Deposit Logam Berat Arsen pada beberapa macam sayuran. Abstrak. FMIPA: Universitas Lampung [5] Gustina, E., Malaka, T., Arinafril, Salni. 2014. Environmental Health Risk of Inorganic Arssenic in Lahat Regency. Dissertation. Environmental Science. Universitas Sriwijaya [6] Rismansyah, E. Budianta, D., and Pambayun, R. 2015. Analisis Kandungan Timbal (Pb) dan Kadimum (Cd) dalam Pempek Rebus dari beberapa tempat jajanan di Kota Palembang Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Penelitian Sains. 17 (2) 45-52
This Poster is presented in International Summer School on Spatial Ecotoxicology and Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment - Using an Open Community Approach 11 - 24 September 2017, University of Koblenz-Landau
