International Journal of
Molecular Sciences Article
Hypoxia Is a Critical Parameter for Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Type I/III Collagen Sponges Tangni Gómez-Leduc 1 , Mélanie Desancé 1 , Magalie Hervieu 1 , Florence Legendre 1 , David Ollitrault 1 , Claire de Vienne 2 , Michel Herlicoviez 2 , Philippe Galéra 1, *,† and Magali Demoor 1,† 1
2
* †
Normandie Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Laboratoire Microenvironnement Cellulaire et Pathologies (MILPAT), équipe Microenvironnement des Pathologies Dégénératives et Fibrotiques (MIPDF), EA 4652/BIOTARGEN EA 7450, UFR Santé, 14032 Caen, France;
[email protected] (T.G.-L.);
[email protected] (M.D.);
[email protected] (M.H.);
[email protected] (F.L.);
[email protected] (D.O.);
[email protected] (M.D.) Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, CHU Caen, 14033 Caen, France;
[email protected] (C.d.V.);
[email protected] (M.H.) Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +33-0-967570191 These authors contributed equally to this work.
Received: 18 July 2017; Accepted: 1 September 2017; Published: 8 September 2017
Abstract: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an attractive alternative to bone marrow for isolation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat articular cartilage defects. Here, we set out to determine the growth factors (bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1)) and oxygen tension effects during chondrogenesis of human UCB-MSCs for cartilage engineering. Chondrogenic differentiation was induced using 3D cultures in type I/III collagen sponges with chondrogenic factors in normoxia (21% O2 ) or hypoxia (
