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is also retained as it can be used to retrieve information, (using the computer program) ... The building and location codes EMIL, PGAT, etc, are shown in Appendix C. The initials ...... transfers drive to a secondary shaft for the chaff-cutter. d.
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FOREWORD

I have much pleasure in releasing this report which is the result of a wonderful co-operative effort between my Department, the Museum of Victoria, and some very competent and enthusiastic volunteers. Day's Mill and Farm is a very special place which is still being studied before it can be properly restored and opened to the public on a regular basis. It is the Government's intentions to develop this unique property as a place where people can come and learn about the history of flour milling and farming in this part of Victoria from the 1860's to the 1950's. My Department has commenced this task which can only succeed with the continued help and co-operation of the Museum of Victoria, the local community and interested members of the public. I hope that this report will inspire everyone who reads it to support thIs very important cultural heritage project.

STEVE CRABB MINISTER FOR CONSERVATION AND ENVIRONMENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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1 INTRODUCTION

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1.1 DAY'S MILL AND FARM

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1.2 SHORT HISTORY

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1.3 GOVERNMENT PURCHASE

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1.4 THE SUMMER SCHOOL

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2. METHODOLOGY

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2.1 CHOICE OF A METHOD

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2.2 USE OF VOLUNTEERS

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2.3 RECORDING PROCEDURE

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2.4 COMPUTERIZATION OF DATA

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2.5 PRESENTATION OF DATA

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3. ANALYSIS

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3.1 THE COLLECTION

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The areas of the site recorded and assessed during the summer school are detailed in this section with a description of the main features and how that part of the property functioned. The specific objects relating to these functions have been documented. 3.3.1 Steam Engine and Engineering Shop a. Boiler

We know that the present boiler (FN0370) dates from 1892 because Joseph Day's Ledger records the purchase of a boiler from Watson and Co. of Collingwood in October of that year. This was a couple of years after Ann Day had written . inquiring about purchasing a boiler from a Melbourne firm. There was clearly an earlier boiler but its date and exact location have not been established. However, the ledgers also record the purchase of 500 bricks and the wa!;les for two bricklayers. The numbers of bricks would be consistent with fItting a new boiler on the foundations of the old boiler. If this was the case evidence of the replacement should come to light if and when the existing boiler foundations are dismantled during any future safety and condition assessment. The boiler is a three pass tubeless Cornish type. It provided steam to the engine at 60 pounds per square inch and is equipped with a deadweight safety valve, steam valve and inspection cover. An adjustable feed-water check valve and whistle, were fitted but are now missing. The water sight glass and the steam gauge which were visible in the 1960s photograph of the boiler had been removed by at least 1985 as they are not in Peter Milner's photos. (McCutcheon and Milner 1985) Hand made bricks and a few machine made bricks form the foundations of the boiler and the earlier of these may have been made on the property. Fire-bricks do not appear to have been employed in the boiler surrounds although firebricks, including some by "CartcraJg" imported from Scotland (FN0557) were found on the site. Trian~lar holes run down each side of the boiler between the outer casing and the brickwork. Long handled, trian~lar scrapers found on top of the boiler were evidently used to clean out these holes. Another ash hole is directly below the boiler.

The fire-box has fish-bone shaped fire-bars, many of which are warped. Replacement of these fire-bars may have been common as several extra bars were found around the site, also warped, along with a wooden foundry pattern, (FN0386) in its box, located in the engineers workshop. Fire-bars of a different pattern (N.R.) were also found. These may be from the earlier boiler.

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~~~!~L~§.!II?:I?:.l:Y. 1Qjh~,·hoilerjs.~Jll"QYided1>}',aii40Rallanx4¥e!edifQ!lc1ank*~N1!a:ZH,,: niotihtecronatimoer frame besiodneooHerto givealiead~ofwater. Galvanized

or cast iron covers which fit the square tanks were found around the site. One (FN0398) bears the name "John Bellamy of Bynge Street London" indicating it was imported. As the boiler would have required about 1000 gallons a day further supplies were required. Two more 640 gallon tanks are located in the yard behind the kitchen. The tanks are similar to a type used extensively for exporting a variety of products during the 19th century. A bell-crank driven by a connecting rod from the steam engine is coupled to a rod running underground in the direction of the tanks. The pump to which this rod is presumed to connect has not been found but is sus1?ected to be near the tank stand. A well, 30 feet deep, is located beneath the wmd mill and may have been part of the water supply for the boiler. The pump rod near the engine may operate a pump raising water from this well to keep a constant supply in the elevated tanks. The ultimate supply of water is still a matter of conjecture. Water may have been pumped from bores or from the Goulburn River or the irrigation channel. It is unlikely that sufficient rain-water could have been collected and stored in roof tanks to keep the boiler supplied for very long. b. Steam Engine Power for the mill (and some other equipment such as the chaff-cutter and corncrusher) was provided by a 16 HP. horizontal, single, cylinder steam engine (FN0369) made by E.T. Bellhouse & Co of the Eagle Foundry, Manchester U.K. It is of double actmg, non reversing, non condensing type with a seven foot (2120 mm) diameter straight spoke solid flywheel, a Watt type centrifugal regulator, feedwater pump, and exhaust steam feedwater heater and is substantially intact. Bore and stroke are 270 (10.6") X 508 mm (20"), giving it a capacity of 4310 cc or 263 cubic inches. The engine was installed outside the main mill building, probably as a fire prevention measure and is mounted on rough hewn timbers over a pit, part of which accommodates the flywheel. As well as the bearin~s on the crankshaft, the flywheel has an outside bearing mounted on the foundatIOns of the mill's northern wall. TIle crank-shaft can be moved so the engine is not seized, but its condition has not been assessed other than an external examination. This shows superficial rust but otherwise is in sound condition. c. Drive Train A pulley mounted against the flywheel drives a pulley on the end of the line-shaft extending through the mill wall. Another pulley, also attached to the line-shaft, transfers drive to a secondary shaft for the chaff-cutter. d. Workshop and Store Adjacent to the engine and boiler is the engineers shop stocked with plumbing and other materials including nuts and bolts, pipe, metal scrap and the like. It is interesting to note that this shop was maintained in addition to the blacksmith indicating a fairly high level of specialization in skills at the mill. Much of the material in the engineers shop is of fairly recent date (post WW II) but the construction details and a few artefacts suggest the shop was in existence during the period of the flour mill's operation.

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East Elevation

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Historic Places Section ph (03) 412-4299 6 Floor 240 Victoria Pde. East Melbourne

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