Intelligent Transport System Using Integrated GPS

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RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification which is a technology to ..... Anywhere- Remote Monitoring of Attendance System based on RFID using GSM.
International Conference on Science, Technology Engineering and Management

Intelligent Transport System Using Integrated GPS Optimized Reader Mr. A. Kamaraj 1, K.Radha2, M.Priyanka3 Asst. Prof., Department of ECE, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India 1 PG Student, Department of ECE, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India 2 PG Student, Department of ECE, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India 3 ABSTRACT: The development of a semi-autonomous intimation system to parents about the presence of their child in school or college campus is the objective of this Project. If a student bunked his/her class or abducted from school or college, their parents might know that after 6pm only. Here we proposed a new solution to send quick intimation to their parents about the presence of students through school or college bus at 9.30am. By this we can track the children and save them early if any mischief is happening. For this we are using an RFID reader, GPS tracker and GSM module along with an Arduino mega 2560 and its software. RFID readers can read the RFID tags of the students. GSM system is used to send their presence to their parents through SMS. To achieve this, a passive or active tracking device with GPS is used. Passive devices store GPS location, speed and time. Once the vehicle returns to a predestined point, the device is removed and the data downloaded to a computer for evaluation. By this we can get arrival and departure locations of the students. Active devices also collect the same information, but usually transmit the data in near-realtime via cellular or satellite networks to a computer or data center for evaluation. It is used to track the location of a vehicle from organizing itself. Keywords: Arduino Mega 2560, GSM mobile network, GPS tracking device, RFID reader, RFID tags. I.INTRODUCTION In our paper, the proposed system give a quick intimation to parents about two major issues related to children and adults. The First issue is abducted. In criminal law, kidnapping or abducting is the taking away or transportation of a person against that person's will. As of 2007, the title “Kidnapping capital of the World” belongs to Iraq with possibly 1,500 foreigners kidnapped. In 2004, Mexico and India got first and third positions respectively. The second issue is bunking off school or college. Statistics published by the Department for Education reveal that the truancy rate rose to 1.1 per cent in 2010-11.That means, about 62,000 youngsters in primary, secondary and special schools missed sessions without permission on a typical day last year, through truancy, family holidays, illness and other reasons, an analysis of the data suggests. To reduce these two issues, the proposed system is implemented.

II.MATERIALS RFID Reader RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification which is a technology to electronically record the presence of an object using radio signals. It is used for inventory control or timing sporting events. RFID is not a replacement for the barcoding, but a complement for distant reading of codes. The technology is used for automatically identifying a person, a package or an item. There are two main components: The Interrogator (RFID Reader) which transmits and receives the signal and the Transponder (tag) that is attached to the object. Communication between the RFID Reader and tags occurs wirelessly and generally does not require a line of sight between the devices. An RFID Reader can read through most anything with the exception of conductive materials like water and metal, but with modifications and positioning, even these can be overcome. The RFID Reader emits a low-power radio wave field which is used to power up the tag so as to pass on any information that is contained on the chip. In addition, the readers can be fitted with an additional interface that converts the radio waves returned from the tag into a form that can then be passed on to another system, like a computer or any programmable logic controller. Fig. 1 shows the RFID Reader.

Fig. 1. RFID Reader

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International Conference on Science, Technology Engineering and Management

RFID Tags RFID tags are small transponders (combined radio receiver and transmitter) that will transmit identity information over a short distance. The block diagram of RFID module is shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2. Block Diagram of RFID Module

The overall block diagram of passive and active tracking device is shown in Fig. 3. An RFID tag is an object that can be applied to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves. Some tags can be read from several meters away and beyond the line of sight of the reader. Most tags carry a plain text inscription and a barcode as complement for direct reading and for cases of any failure of radio frequency electronics.

Fig. 3. Block diagram of passive and active tracking devices

Most RFID tags contain at least two parts. One is an integrated circuit for storing and processing information, modulating and de-modulating a radio-frequency (RF) signal, and other specialized functions. The second is an antenna for receiving and transmitting the signal. There are generally two types of RFID tags. Passive RFID tags: Passive tags are generally smaller, lighter and less expensive than those that are active and can be applied to objects in harsh environments, are maintenance free and will last for years. These transponders are only activated when within the response range of an RFID Reader. Active RFID Tags: Active tags differ in that they incorporate their own power source, whereas the tag is a transmitter rather than a reflector of radio frequency signals which enables a broader range of functionality like programmable and read/write capabilities. Fig. 4 shows the RFID tag.

Fig. 4. RFID tag

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International Conference on Science, Technology Engineering and Management

GSM Modem Global system for mobile communication (GSM), which stands for Global System for Mobile communications, reigns as the world’s most widely used cell phone technology. Cell phones use a cell phone service carrier’s GSM network by searching for cell phone towers in the nearby area. GSM is a globally accepted standard for digital cellular communication. Plug and play GSM modem with simple interface used for serial interface and for sending messages. It can be controlled by AT commands. It uses SIM300 for all its operations. One of the key features of GSM is the Subscriber Identity Module, commonly known as a SIM card. The SIM is a detachable smart card containing the user's subscription information and a phone book. This allows the user to retain his or her information after switching handsets. Fig. 5 shows the GSM SIM 300.

Fig. 5. GSM SIM 300

GPS Receiver A vehicle tracking system combines the use of automatic vehicle location in individual vehicles with software that collects these fleet data for a comprehensive picture of a vehicle location. Modern vehicle tracking systems commonly use GPS or GLONASS technology for locating the vehicle, but other types of automatic vehicle location technology can also be used. Vehicle information can be viewed on electronic maps via the Internet or specialized software. Urban public transit authorities are an increasingly common user of vehicle tracking systems, particularly in large cities. GPS receiver receives NMEA format and store this to an SD card. Once the vehicle reached the destination the data can be downloaded and processed.

Arduino Mega 2560 The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega 2560. It has 54 digital input/output pins (of which 15 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.

Fig. 6. Arduino Mega 2560

The ATmega 2560 differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB to serial driver chip. Instead, it features the ATmega16U2 (ATmega8U2 in the revision 1 and revision 2 boards) programmed as a USB to serial converter. It has a resistor pulling the 8U2 HWB line to ground, making it easier to put into DFU mode. It contains SDA, SCL pins that are near to the AREF pin, two other new pins placed near to the RESET pin and the IOREF that allow the shields to adapt to the voltage provided from the board.

SD Card Shield The communication between the microcontroller and the SD card uses SPI, which takes place on digital pins 50, 51, and 52 (Arduino Mega). Additionally, another pin must be used to select an SD card. This can be the hardware, SS pin - pin 53 (on the ATmega). Many functions can be done by an SD card shield with Arduino listed.

Fig. 7.SD Card Shield

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International Conference on Science, Technology Engineering and Management III.METHODOLOGY The Proposed Methodology incorporates RFID reader, GSM and GPS inside a school or college bus to give quick intimation to parents about the absence of their children. A Radio Frequency Identification technology, which consists of two components, i.e. RFID tags and RFID reader facilitates automatic wireless identification using electronic passive and active tags with suitable reader. Here it is used to record the presence of the students. GSM system is used to send their presence to their parents through SMS. Short Message Service is a text messaging service component of phone, web or mobile communication system. It uses standardized communication protocols to allow fixed line or mobile phone devices to exchange short text message. A passive or active tracking device with GPS is used to hold GPS receiver with an SD card holder. The proposed system architecture is shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. 8. Proposed System Architecture

This setup can store GPS location, speed and time. Once the vehicle returns to a predestined point, the device is removed and the data downloaded to a computer for evaluation. By this we can get arrival and departure locations of the students. Arduino mega 2560 is connected along with the GPS. V. RESULT AND DISCUSSION The proposed novel method is programmed by using software called smslane. It can send an SMS from Excel sheet. The performance of the circuit is evaluated on Students Database. Processing the results obtained from RFID reader with Turbo c. The new document contains the detail of the student with date, arrival and departure time of travel. Fig. 9 shows the results obtained by the RFID reader.

Fig. 9. The results obtained by an RFID reader.

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International Conference on Science, Technology Engineering and Management From passive tracking device, NMEA format is obtained and stored on an SD card. Later it can be processed and produced the latitude and longitude with time. Fig. 10 shows the results obtained from Passive Tracking Device with GPS

Fig. 10. The results obtained from Passive Tracking Device with GPS

By integrating these two files an updated database is formed with details of the student, arrival time and place and departure time and place. Fig. 11 shows the Final updated database.

Fig. 11. Final updated database

From the above database the person who are having one in the last column or whose presence are registered at departure, their parents got “Your child reached safely” SMS from organization through Excel to SMS software. Fig. 12 shows the Preview of the SMS.

Fig. 12. Preview of the SMS

Real Time Implementation Setup The real time implementation was done in a college bus for demonstration purpose. The power supply to the Arduino board was given by a 9V battery and a GPS receiver could get a 5V supply from the Arduino board. The GPS module was set in a separate box as shown in Fig. 13. And the antenna with Magnet was attached at the top of the bus is shown in the Fig. 14.

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Fig. 13. GPS module

Fig. 14. Attachment of the Antenna at the top of the bus

The RFID module was placed in another box which needs a 9V supply for Arduino and 12V supply of an RFID reader. The 12V supply was given by the battery of the bus. 9V supply was given by the battery. RFID setup is shown in Fig. 15.

Fig. 15. RFID reader setup

VI.CONCLUSION In this paper presence of the students were maintained and intimated to the parents. This is implemented by using RFID as a proof of their presence, also the status of the Student information about their presence sends by SMS via Excel to SMS software. By using this if any mischief (i.e. Abducting, bunking or accidents) is happening on the way to school or college can be found early. Here we plan to implement this in institution vehicle because of providing details about arrival and departure place of the students. This information is used for accounting purpose also. By implementing this at school entrance, we can intimate the presence of every student. The RFID Reader read the given data and transmitting the data to Mobile. With the help of this proposed model, one can easily monitor data from any remote location via SMS, there is no need of direct contact, internet or any kind of request send by the user as it is push based technique.

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International Conference on Science, Technology Engineering and Management REFERENCES [1] [2]

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AUTHORS BIOGRAPHY

Radha K received a B.E. degree in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering from Mepco Schlenk Engineering College Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, in 2014. At present, she is pursuing her Masters degree (M.E.) in the Stream of VLSI Design under the department of Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering from Mepco Schlenk Engineering College Sivakasi, Tamilnadu in the academic year 2014-16. Her areas of Specialization include Electronic Devices and Circuits, CMOS VLSI Design, Digital Electronics.

Priyanka M was born in Madurai, Tamilnadu in 1993. She received a B.E. degree in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering from Mepco Schlenk Engineering College Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, in 2014. At present, she is pursuing her Masters degree (M.E.) in the Stream of VLSI Design under the department ofDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering from Mepco Schlenk Engineering College Sivakasi, Tamilnadu in the academic year 201416. Her areas of Specialization include Audio Signal Processing, CMOS VLSI Design, Digital Electronics, Advanced Digital System Design, Embedded systems and real-time applications, Robotics, VLSI Digital Signal Processing and Reconfigurable Computing.

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A.Kamaraj received his B.E. degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India in 2003. He completed his Post Graduation from Anna Universiy, Chennai in the field of VLSI Design in 2006. Currently he is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India. He is pursuing his Ph.D in Anna University, Chennai. His research interests include Digital circuits and logic design, Reversible logic & synthesis and advanced computing techniques. During his 9 years of teaching career, He has published 7 papers in International Journals and 13 papers in National & International Conferences. He has been member of IETE and ISTE.

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