RESEARCH ARTICLE
Knowledge, attitude and associated factors among primary school teachers regarding refractive error in school children in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia Abiy Maru Alemayehu☯*, Gizchewu Tilahun Belete☯, Nebiyat Feleke Adimassu☯ Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. *
[email protected]
a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111
Abstract Introduction
OPEN ACCESS Citation: Alemayehu AM, Belete GT, Adimassu NF (2018) Knowledge, attitude and associated factors among primary school teachers regarding refractive error in school children in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS ONE 13(2): e0191199. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191199 Editor: Albert Lee, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HONG KONG Received: August 18, 2017 Accepted: December 30, 2017 Published: February 15, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Alemayehu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Funding: Financial support for our work was obtained from University of Gondar. https://www. uog.edu.et. Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Refractive error is an important cause of correctable visual impairment in the worldwide with a global distribution of 1.75% to 20.7% among schoolchildren. Teacher’s knowledge about refractive error play an important role in encouraging students to seek treatment that helps in reducing the burden of visual impairment.
Objective To determine knowledge, attitude and associated factors among primary school teachers regarding refractive error in school children in Gondar city.
Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on 565 primary school teachers in Gondar city using pretested and structured self-administered questionnaire. For processing and analysis, SPSS version 20 was used and variables which had a P value of 5723
24
14
2.00(0.80, 4.98)
No
141
143
1.00
Yes
175
106
2.01(1.12,3.59)
Single
57
62
1.00
Married
218
140
1.69(1.12, 2.57)
Divorced
28
28
1.09(0.78, 2.05)
Widowed
13
19
0.74(0.34, 1.64)
Certificate
26
14
1.00
Diploma
229
199
0.62(0.32, 1.22)
Degree
61
36
0.91(0.42,1.97)
No
263
228
1.00
Yes
53
21
2.19(1.28, 3.74)
21–30 years
75
80
1.00
31–40 years
49
57
0.92(0.56, 1.50)
41–50 years
58
49
1.26(0.77, 2.07)
51–70 years
134
63
2.27(1.47, 3.50)
1–10 years
59
79
1.00
1.00
11–20 years
81
70
1.55(0.97, 2.47)
2.53(1.18, 5.43)
21–30 years
81
54
2.01(1.24, 3.25)
2.48(0.87, 7.02)
Family spec use
School type
Religion
Spectacle usage
Monthly income in birr
Previous eye exam 1.67(1.19, 2.34)
Marital status
Educational status
Training on eye health
Age in years
1.94(1.09, 3.43)
Years of experience
(Continued)
PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191199 February 15, 2018
6 / 12
Knowledge, attitude and associated factors among primary school teachers regarding refractive error
Table 3. (Continued) Variables 31–40 years
Knowledge Good
Poor
COR (95% CI
AOR (95% CI)
95
46
2.77(1.69, 4.50)
2.16(0.67, 2.00)
Non-significant,
P-value
