Mapping Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and Grassland Change in Kansas. Dana Peterson, Ryan Callihan, Jude Kastens, Chris Brown, Steven Egbert.
Mapping Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and Grassland Change in Kansas Dana Peterson, Ryan Callihan, Jude Kastens, Chris Brown, Steven Egbert
Acres of converted 2005 CRP
Wallace County
Acres Enrolled
2,000,000
300000
1,500,000
alfalfa
250000 Acres of Crop
wheat 200000
Soybe ans Sorgu m
150000 2009
2010
2011
2012
The major uptick in CRP conversion appeared in 2009. From 2009 to 2012, Kansas lost 3x the acreage of 2005 CRP than lost from 2006 to 2009.
Year 100000
Kansas, along with the nation, as a whole has seen a steady decline of CRP enrolment over the past 5 years.
4000
wheat
3000
Soybeans
2000
Sorgum
1000
Corn
0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Year alfalfa
15,000
wheat 10,000
Soybeans Sorgum
5,000
Corn 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
alfalfa wheat Soybeans Sorgum Corn
2500 2000 alfalfa
1500
wheat 1000
Soybeans
500
Sorgum
0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
50000
0 2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Counties with over 20% change
8,000 6,000
Alfalfa
4,000
Wheat Soybeans
2,000
Sorgum 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Corn
Wilson County 1200 1000 800
Alfalfa
600
Wheat
400
Soybeans
200
Sorgum
0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Corn
Years
The type of crop converted from 2005 CRP depends on location within the state. Counties in the eastern part of the state see much more conversation to corn and soybeans. Wallace, Wichita, and Edwards counties in the west show higher conversion to wheat.
Current Work: Mapping Kansas CRP and Grassland from 2006-2012 using Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery Warm Season Grass
Cool Season Grass CRP lands have not been mapped on a state-level to allow for annual change detection between crop and grassland.
Years
Methods To assess change in CRP, we used the USGS Cropland Data Layer (CDL) from 2006-2012 and quantified land-use change from the known footprint of CRP in 2005 (Federal Service Agency). We then summarized these changes at the county level.
Proportion of Converted 2005 CRP Crop Type 100% 90% 80% alfalfa 70%
wheat
60%
Soybea ns Sorgum
50% 40% 30% 20% 10%
This method only looks at the change in 2005 CRP and does not account for any additional acreage added after 2005. However, total CRP acreage in Kansas has been in decline since 2007, so addition acreage is minimal.
0% 2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Wheat and corn accounted for 70% of the ‘05 CRP conversion. Since 2007, the conversion rate of wheat has slowly declined while the proportion of corn and soybeans has risen steadily.
Corn
Year
Acres of Converted 2005 CRP
Acres of Converted 2005 CRP
Converted 2005 CRP to Crop
350000
2008
Corn
alfalfa
Acres of Converted 2005 CRP
Acres of converted 2005 CRP
Of the 2,838,960 acres of 2005 CRP enrolled land, ~12 percent was converted to crop by 2012. This conversion is spatially clustered, with many counties in the west, northeast, and southeast parts of Kansas losing more than 25% of their 2005 CRP land.
2,500,000
2007
Sorgum
Year
3,000,000
2006
Soybeans
Edwards County
400000
2005
Wheat
5000
Year
3,500,000
0
20,000
Alfalfa
6000
Wichita County
Total Kansas Acres Enrolled in CRP (USDA NASS)
500,000
7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
7000
Doniphan County
Here, we focus on known locations of CRP land from 2005 and examine how the land-use in these areas has changed from 2005-2012. We also briefly describe our current work in mapping both CRP and grassland in Kansas.
1,000,000
Jewell County
Acres of converted 2005 CRP
Grassland and land enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) in Kansas have provided habitat, prevented soil erosion, and improved downstream water quality, especially in comparison to regional cropland. CRP enrollment and the amount of grassland is subject to political, economic, and environmental factors, causing a constantly dynamic shift of land from crop to non-crop and non-crop to crop. Knowing the spatial component of CRP and grassland change helps us determine how these socio-economicenvironmental factors influence past, current and future land-use change.
Acres of converted 2006 CRP
Results
Overview
Nemaha County
We are examining the utility of MODIS NDVI and other data sources to separate CRP grasslands from other dominant grassland types in Kansas. These spectral curves are taken from the MODIS time-series in eastern Kansas. Warm season grasses
