Middle East Journal of Medical Genetics: January 2016 - Volume 5 ...

Middle East Journal of Medical Genetics: January 2016 - Volume 5 - Issue 1 - p 26–30 doi: 10.1097/01.MXE.0000475220.51742.95 Original articles Evaluation of the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges and micronuclei in children with type-1 diabetes mellitus Nour El Din Abd El-Baky, Abeer M.; Eid, Ola M.; Ismael, Nagwa Abd Allah; Faried, Tarek M.; AboHashesh, Maha M.A.; Kandil, Manal E.; Eid, Maha M.

Abstract Background: Oxidative stress-induced DNA damage seems to play a role in the pathogenesis of type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its complications. The sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronucleus (MN) assays are used to evaluate the presence and extent of chromosomal damage. We aimed in this study to evaluate diabetic children with associated genotoxicity using two cytogenetic assay systems (SCE and MN). SCE and MN frequencies were assessed in cultured lymphocytes from diabetic children, and this was correlated with some parameters of T1DM.

Participants and methods: The study was conducted on 66 participants; the patient group consisted of 51 children with T1DM. Fifteen healthy children of same age and sex distribution served as controls. Full history taking, thorough clinical examination, and relevant laboratory investigations were performed for participants, including fasting and postprandial blood glucose, as well as glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). SCE and MN tests were carried out on lymphocyte cell cultures for all participants.

Results: The mean age of type-1 diabetic children was 10.77±3.46 years, with a mean duration of diabetes of 3.78±3.88 years. Patients showed a higher frequency of SCE and MN compared with controls (5.93±2.06 and 3.92±1.25, and 27.10±17.76 and 3.85±5.19, respectively; P