model identification of regional competition as a

International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Issue 6, June 2018, pp. 1430–1436, Article ID: IJCIET_09_06_160 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=9&IType=6 ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316 © IAEME Publication

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MODEL IDENTIFICATION OF REGIONAL COMPETITION AS A LOCATION OF FOOD ESTATE DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA: CASE STUDY AT SOUTHEAST SULAWESI Rostin, Ambo Wonua Nusantara, Arifuddin Mas’ud, Baheri, Muh. Yani Balaka Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Halu Oleo, Kendari, Indonesia Pasrun Adam Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Halu Oleo, Kendari, Indonesia ABSTRACT This study offers models of food estate location to be developed in Southeast Sulawesi Province. Overly matrix analysis shows that most potential areas for fishery food estate development in Southeast Sulawesi are Konawe District, including the Konawe Islands. Some positive criteria owned by Konawe District are potential to become the food estate location with an advantage as National Strategic Area: Integrated Economic Development Zone, provincial strategic area, especially for strategic areas of marine and fisheries, and strategic areas of food agriculture. Overly analysis results show that most potential areas for fishery food estate development in Konawe District are Soropia Subdistrict. Key words: Regional Competition, Food Estate Development, Southeast Sulawesi Cite this Article: Rostin, Ambo Wonua Nusantara, Arifuddin Mas’ud, Baheri, Muh. Yani Balaka and Pasrun Adam, Model Identification of Regional Competition as a Location of Food Estate Development in Indonesia: Case Study at Southeast Sulawesi, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 9(6), 2018, pp. 1430– 1436. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=9&IType=6

1. INTRODUCTION Indonesia has an important position in fishery economic activities. With abundant marine wealth, current seafood production growth reaches 7% per year. It puts Indonesia as the largest producer in Southeast Asia. Based on fisheries production in Indonesia for distribution of territory, Sulawesi Economic Corridor is the region with largest marine fishery production in Indonesia. This indicates that fishery sector is one main economic activity in Sulawesi Economic Corridor.

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Rostin, Ambo Wonua Nusantara, Arifuddin Mas’ud, Baheri, Muh. Yani Balaka and Pasrun Adam

Fisheries contribute about 22 percent of total GRDP of food agriculture sub sector (70 percent for capture and 30 percent for cultivation). About 20 percent of fishery activities are capture fisheries and the other are aquaculture fisheries. The potential for fisheries development continues grow significantly because of most fishery products in Sulawesi are for export demand along with higher global demand. Development of main fishery economic activities has several challenges in global competition, e.g. some fishery products from other countries such as Thailand and Vietnam have a very high competitiveness due to the more efficient production process than Indonesia. In an effort to build a more efficient fishery industry to cope the competition, Southeast Sulawesi will develop an integrated Fisheries Industry between fishery industries, trade, fishery based services with concept of food estate fisheries. Based on the conditions, this study aim is to offer an identification model of food estate development area as an integrated fisheries industry development between the fishery industry, trade, and fishery-based services in Southeast Sulawesi.

2. RESEARCH METHODS The model uses three approaches to determine the priority location of Food Estate development in Southeast Sulawesi. First is analysis of spatial policy directions related to the development of fisheries and industry sectors. Second is analysis of regional competitiveness. Third is analysis of area support capacity. The three analyzes are combined using an overlay analysis.

3. RESEARCH RESULT This study aim is to determine where the food estate location to be developed in Southeast Sulawesi Province. The method to determine the location of food estate development in Sulawesi will be done in two stages. First stage is to analyze the districts / cities priority as place of food estate development in Southeast Sulawesi Province. Second is to identify priority districts to determine the most potential areas location in district / city with largest potential as food estate location development.

3.1. Analysis of Food Estate Development in Southeast Sulawesi This section aims to determine where the location of food estate to be developed in Southeast Sulawesi Province. The output of this research is the districts / cities priority as place for food estate development in Southeast Sulawesi Province. This study uses three approaches. First is analysis of spatial policy directions related to the development of fisheries and industry sectors. Second is analysis of regional competitiveness. Third is analysis of area support capacity. The three analyzes are combined using an overlay analysis to make final conclusion. The analysis and policy direction as location for food estate development in Southeast Sulawesi Province relates to (1) direction of national and provincial strategic area development and (2) analysis of fishery cluster development center. The regional competitiveness analysis for food estate development location in Southeast Sulawesi Province uses indicators of : (1) Geographical Condition, 2) Welfare, and 3) Economic Activity. The support capacity analysis uses following indicators: (1) Facilities related to Health Services; (2) Facilities related to the Education Service. Based on results of above three approaches for regional policy both provinces and national related to the development of fishery sector in Southeast Sulawesi and approach of shaman


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Model Identification of Regional Competition as a Location of Food Estate Development in Indonesia: Case Study at Southeast Sulawesi

power and regional competitiveness, the next step is to determines the potential location for food estate development. The method combines the two approaches of overly matrix. Table 1 below is overly matrix to make the weight and rank of most potential areas to determine the location of food estate. Table 1 Matrix Overly of Location Determination for Food Estate Industry Criteria

District/City Score Buton Muna Konawe Kolaka South Konawe Bombana Wakatobi Kolaka Utara North Buton North Utara Kendari City Baubau City

Province strategic area based on economic growth National Strategic Strategic Strategic Cocoa Area: Region Regiona Total area for Area for plantatio Tourism Integrated l Scor Trade Compet marine food crop n industry Economic area itiveness support e and agricultu industry area Development fishery re area Area (25)

© ©

(25)

©

(10)

(5)

(5)

(10)

©

© © ©

©

©

(10)

(10) © © ©

©

© © ©

© ©

0 10 70 50 10 0 15 25 0 25 25 10

Table 1 shows that most potential area for fishery food estate development in Southeast Sulawesi is Konawe District, including the Konawe Islands. Second potential area after Konawe District is Kolaka District. Below is Location map of potential areas for development of fisheries food estate in Southeast Sulawesi Province.

ADMINISTRATIVE AREA OF SOUTHEAST SULAWESI PROVINCE

Figure 1 Food Estate Development Area in Southeast Sulawesi Province


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Some positive criteria owned by Konawe District are potential to become the food estate location with an advantage as National Strategic Area: Integrated Economic Development Zone, provincial strategic area, especially for strategic areas of marine and fisheries, and strategic areas of food crop agriculture. In addition, Konawe District has the support capacity and regions competitiveness as good criteria for fisheries food estate development and marine sector.

3.2. Location Analysis of Food Estate Development in Konawe Analysis to determine the location of food estate development in Konawe Subdistrict is started from location analysis of superior fishery sector, competitiveness analysis and support capacity of food estate development up to the direction of plan location for fishery and industry sectors Analysis of Fisheries Sub-sector Table 2 below shows the results of Location Quotient (LQ) analysis on fishery sub-sector in each sub district in Konawe District District. Table 2 Location Quotient (LQ) of Fisheries Sub-sector in Konawe District District Sea Swamp 1. South Wawonii 1.14 0.00 2. West Wawonii 1.14 0.00 3. Central Wawonii 1.14 0.00 5. East Wawonni 1.14 0.00 6. North Wawonni 1.14 0.00 8. Soropia 1.14 0.00 10. Sampara 0.00 0.00 15. Uepai 0.00 8.50 16. Puriala 0.00 8.50 18. Pondidaha 0.00 8.50 19. Wonggeduku 0.00 8.50 20. Amonggedo 0.00 8.50 24. Unaaha 0.00 4.25 25. Anggaberi 0.00 8.50 26. Abuki 0.00 8.50 28. Tongauna 0.00 8.50 29. Asinua 0.00 4.25 Source: Konawe District in Figures, 2013 (processed)

River 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 675.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 337.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 337.85

Table 2 shows that each district has one superior fish commodity. Subdistricts that excel in marine fisheries commodities are South Wawoni, West Wawoni, Central Wawoni, East Wawoni, North Wawoni, and Soropia. Subdistricts that excel in swamp fisheries commodities are Uepai, Puriala, Pondidaha, Wonggeduku, Amonggede, Unaha, Anggaberi, Abuki, Tongauna, and Asinua. Subdistricts that excel in river fishery commodities are Sampara, Unaha Dan Asinua.

3.3. Analysis of Development of Konawe District Fishing Area Fishery cultivation area is intended to produce fish to meet the needs of community in general and in particular for food fulfillment (protein source), fishery industry and export of fishery products.


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Capture Fisheries Fisheries management is done with land usage and results conservation to obtain maximum economic, social and ecological benefits for people living or around the coastal areas. Capture fishery area is located in Soropia, and Lalonggasumeeto Subdistrict, with authority of marine area management from 0-4 mile, and marine aquaculture area in Soropia Subdistrict. The capture fishery area in Konawe District consists of: 

special area for capture fisheries with authority of district sea area management from 0 - 4 miles, located in Soropia and Lalonggasumeeto Subdistricts; and



fishing facilities and infrastructure in form of Fish Landing Base at Bumi Indah in Lalonggasomeeto Subdistrict and plan to build Fish Landing Base in Kapoiala Subdistrict.

Fishery Cultivation Fishery production is resulted from following wide fishery cultivation area: 

Freshwater aquaculture of 228 Ha in Sampara, Bondoala, Beselutu, Kapoiala, Lambuya, Uepai, Puriala, Pondidaha, Wonggeduku, Amonggedo, Wawotobi, Meluhu, Konawe, Unaaha, Anggaberi, Abuki and Tongauna subdistricts;



Brackish cultivation area of 3,023 Ha in Soropia, Bondoala and Kapoiala Subdistrict;

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The cultivation of marine fisheries with fish and seaweed commodities is located in Lalonggasomeeto, and Soropia Subdistrict.

With regard to the recent development of aquaculture ponds, minapolitan approach needs to be done mainly in wetland farming areas (minapadi). Limitations of land for farm-based farming development (extensive) makes fish ponds development with high economic value should be done in central of fish cultivation areas. Fish Processing Area Fish processing or fishery industry (added value) to the catch / cultivation fish is still not developed in Konawe District. The potential of capture fishery / fish cultivation is very big. The fish processing business is one of foundation to improve economy at Konawe District, especially in coastal region of Soropia directed as marine fishery center, Bumi Indah Fishing Port located in Lalonggasomeeto Subdistrict and the development plan in Kapoiala Subdistrict. Table 3 Matrix Overly for Determination the Location of Fishery Based Food Estate Criteria

District/City Score Souty Wawonii West Wawonii Central Wawonii Southeast Wawonii West Wawonii North Wawonii Soropia Lalonggasumeeto Bondoala Besulutu Kapoiala

Development of Capture Fishing Area

Development of Fishery Cultivation Area

Development of Fish Processing

Area Potential of Sea Fishery

(25)

(25)

(25)

(25)   

 

  

 








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Total Score

25 25 25 0 25 25 100 75 25 0 75

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Based on results the approaches of fishery area development policy in Konawe District and fishery potential approach of each sub-district, the next step is to determine the potential location for development of food estate. The method used to combine the two approaches is the overly matrix. Table 3 shows an overly matrix to make the weight and ranking of most potential subdistrict areas to determine the location of food estate in Konawe District. The matrix analysis results shows that most potential locations for development of fishery food estate in Konawe District in Konawe Islands is Soropia Subdistrict, along with a location map of potential areas for development of fishery food estate in Konawe District.

Figure 2 Location of Food Estate Development Potential In Konawe District

Positive criteria of Soropia Subdistrict creates potential to become location of food estate: Development of Capture Fishing Area; (2) Development of Aquaculture Area; (3) Development of Fish Processing Area; and (4) Marine Fishery Potential Areas.

4. CONCLUSIONS AND POLICIES Two conclusions can be made from results of analysis and research findings. First, the most potential area for development of fishery food estate in Southeast Sulawesi is Konawe District, positive criterion owned by Konawe District has the potential to become a food estate location with excellence as a National Strategic Area: Integrated Economic Development Zone, provincial strategic area, especially for strategic areas of marine and fisheries, and strategic areas of food crop agriculture. Second, the most potential location for development of fishery food estate in Konawe District is Soropia Subdistrict. Positive criteria Soropia Subdistrict as potential to become the location of food estate are : Development of Capture


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Fishing Area; (2) Development of Aquaculture Area; (3) Development of Fish Processing Area; and (4) Marine Fishery Potential Areas. Policies need to be taken to realize the development of an integrated fishery industry of fishery industry, trade, and fishery-based services in Southeast Sulawesi. The following steps are needed: (a) Enlarge the scale of business by developing the center areas with pattern of intensification and diversification of fishery and marine business based on priority location. (b) Program of quality improvement, productivity and diversification of fishery products through promotion to investors in order to meet market demand. (c) Establishment of Fish Cultivation Group and Fishermen Group, as well as cooperatives with modern management to support toughness initiation, bargaining power, access to capital, production facilities, technology, marketing network, and government policy lobby.

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