Morgan in Slovenia

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ln?t$l Echin.thtir: auetnaus Morgan $as tud rc.orned in Si*€nia. nrc rtuDs {as ft{ ft.. ed .... Resficton pa(e rs of r.hnlon'ips nnkrn\hrt Motem based on restri.iion.
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The First Record, of Echinothrips americanus Morgan in Slovenia S. TRDANI. L,

MILEVOJI,

E, RASPUDIC] and ], ZEZLINA] rAsrcnon_y Depanmcnl, Bnno.hnical Faculq: Univedt_a ol rFaouity

rAcdculural

Jmittujcvx l0l. sl lll I l-jubljana Slore of Agicnltnrc. Unn c$it] ol LJ. Stror$.rer

Ljubljai!.

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Trg sv. Trojsrv,3, HR:11000 Osijek, Croxria d ForsLa Iniifutc Nova Goncr, Pri lx.btu 18, sl-so(n N.\

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ln?t$l Echin.thtir: auetnaus Morgan $as tud rc.orned in Si*€nia. nrc rtuDs {as ft{ ft.. ed b[ Llid nor h€gitr b tEid ro a grxr.r.ar.nd lmil t99i Thn po]phalotrs pei n h.tiereJ b .ruse di'!.r di,n.:c, c\tlliilly !n rI. l.[es ot irs hftr !htr!!. the pEsenr cotrrihutim dcnribes geneiic rn.ruE of E.rin..h,rr d,n rtddlr lllorlxn soring in polrmo'd)nn oldr lTsl5.8s tTsl of rhc ihoson,ol DNA. &&in,fi?r a,,.rid,r Mdgai s le* icsisran( r. inrcri.ides and iri abiky ro'*iotr inhrhn new der i\ smrller coDloN,l ro rhc [r.rem J]ower rhriF [F,?trarri.rd ,..,.].,.,/is (Pe.srMcll. cm b. lotr ciudcd lhd ns econonnr imporarce ir rhc tulur sil tur Erch thn .f thc ttud \\,e gle I defuiled dcscriflion r he.|e!'c s!E pd, J, vt pr.o.' .. \oo,, . , r.;j, i,r Eurcpc in 1939.

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inpoian.s, prlsc[diorol $e sFries.

The iDtrodnction oi westem flo$,er tlx ips I F,-arflri?r:.//a o(t?.1erld1r (Pergande)l inlo Ewope in 1983 nnd above all its very quick spreadnrg ol'er rhe enrire conriDe,t has been a phyiomedical liuerise and challenge. accordnrgly, n ch atrendon has been paid to possibte spreading of other polcnlially hanrriil species ol lhe Tht'sanoptera order (B,pdsgaard,

1989i Tonrmnsini and Maini, I 995i Vierbergen, I 999i Tdan and \ie*,er gen, 200 I ). Afler its fiNt record in Europe in 1988 until tniddle ot lhe nnletes, Thtips pntni Kamy (Loonuns and Vierbergen. 1997) was given the mosr auention. and ir remains an obje.t of intercsi, especially in lhose districts where ir has not becD observed yet. Ir was soon established rhat conplrred to the westem lloweI thrips this insecr is more tempemture sensitive and that on the Old contincnr its economicnl inlporance on rhe

-

-

cultivated plants could nevcr reach that

of the lalter Though irs p€sence

has been

established in more tlraD l0 European countrics (Marllo, 1997), none repofs contirming serious economical damage were recorded. Later on. several olher polentially hannful thrips species have been introduced inlo Europe, one of them being Echinothrips aneicotur Morgan (Merbergen. 1998).

02.18- I U92AA-I/$ 1A.M @ 2003

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Materials and Methods On diverse localions in Slo\enia, olrldoor ntonitoring of thrips species or various cultivatcd plaDts using clasical ways ol thrips sanpling was pcffomed lromApril2000 to Septe ber 2001. On Augusi 22, 2001 a femnle insect lvas found in the flower of a roseflowedng hibisclrs (sib .,rs spp.) in Sempeler near Nola Gorica (UTM lJL98). According to i$ rypicnl morphological characteN i1 wrs ixler identilied as Ecl;r.,*nps d,ren.aner Morgd species. This was the lirst recordins of this species in SloYenia. Spetinen

canse

twtkn

fo

t no rphological identill&lio antl

gene

tic analyses

Tbe specinen was kept in a 1.5 ml eppendorl lrbe in 60% eth3nol. This soh'ent proved to bc supcnor to the 707, ethanol hom the vcry bcginning oflhe Senetic analyses (DNA extraction) of'aious rcprcsentatives of the ThysaiopteB ordcr (Trdan, 2002b). By keeping (he specimens in ethanol, the o ginal colouris better preserved, so thh short-term conseNadon is suilable also tbr the morphological ualyses. The tube was kept in the rehigerator at a temperature of 2 4 .C, trDtil fudher analysis. A considemble nurnbcr of s pecir,:€ns ol khinothtip\ a,u ff.4,m Morgan lbr genetic aDalyses u.as kindly supptied by Beri \4erberyen (PIut Prltcction Service, Depanlnent of Diagnostics, Section ol Planl E omology, WageDingen, The Nelherlands).

Ptse t.

i1tl

oJ the

specie\

Fenales of lhe r.,n,orr-4,r dnc,].a,us Morgan species are up L6 .nm long, males are somewhat shorter (up to 1.3 mm). Imagoes are dark brosn ro black and have red snbintcgumental pigment. the colour of latrae and pupne vaies liom white to pale yellow. The thdps has S-segmented antennae. the lasl lwo segmenis being the shotest, but on the average they arc longer compared to the representatives of the Frurtlifiill/, genus. The first two segments of the antennae arc darkcr compared to the otheN, the 3d segment ar well as the lower halves oI the 4th and 5th segment rrc pxle yeltow. the upper half of the 4th and the 5th segntcnl as $,ell as lhe 6th,7th and sth scgncnts are of dark brown colour The sense cones on the mtennae segments 3 lo 6 arc simple. The surfaces of thc vcrex, prcnolum rnd metanotunr rc highly sculptured fFi& /), ponerior side of pronoium therc are two pnns ol longer posteroangular setae, the on between lhem there is one pair of lhotcr posteromaryinal setae. On the Posteriot part of the pronotum there arc two more or less distinct areas mcdinlly where lhe reticulation js weak. In the cenlral pafi of the tergites therc arc ts,o longer parallel setae (ri& 2J, on the tust pair they are located only on the firct lonsitudinal veiD. Across laterd of the frnrged 'vings quateN of cach tergite therc are sub-reliculatc sculpture wi& conspicious microtrichia, which arc not io bc found wilh the najo.ity of the Thriphae subfamii,v. Therc is a complete posldorr,ltrginal comb oo ihe 8th segment ofthe abdomen. The base of the femur. the distal half of tibir .ts well as the whole of tarsi are yellow, other palts of fenur aDd libia are brown.

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y sculptured \urface ofthe vener md plonolum

The forewings are moslitr

dtker

(pale brown), wirh

r

paler base (prle 9e),),

similarly, often not very pronounced pale shoulders appear in the cenaal pal1 of the forewings. Postedor fringe ciLia are wary, while setae on the lbreuings giow oul only fron the costa and first longitudinal vein fF€. .l) (Oetting ei al-. 1993i Collins, 1998i Mound and

Kibby, 1998; verberyen, 1998). Sfstenatics dnd noryhological t"lations with sone othet spe