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This is an author preview version. Please cite this work as: A. Gardi, R. Sabatini, M. Marino, and T. Kistan, “Multi-objective 4D trajectory optimisation for online strategic and tactical air traffic management”, in Sustainable Aviation, T. H. Karakoc et al. eds., pp. 185-200, Springer, 2016. Full version available at: http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-319-34181-1

Multi-objective 4D trajectory optimisation for online strategic and tactical air traffic management Alessandro Gardi1, Roberto Sabatini1, Matthew Marino1, Trevor Kistan1,2 1School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia 2THALES Australia, Melbourne, Australia

Authors' e-mails: [email protected]

Abstract Significant evolutions of aircraft, airspace and airport systems design and operations are driven by the continuous increase of air transport demand world wide and by the concurrent push for a more economically viable and environmentally sustainable aviation. In the operational context, novel avionics and Air Traffic Management (ATM) systems are being developed to take full advantage of the available Communication, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) performance. In order to attain higher operational, economic and environmental efficiencies, the generation of 4Dimensional Trajectories (4DT) shall integrate optimisation algorithms addressing multiple objectives and constraints in real-time. Although extensive research has been performed in the past on the optimisation of aircraft flight trajectories and very efficient algorithms were widely adopted for the optimisation of vertical flight profiles, it is only in the last few years that higher levels of integration were proposed for automated 4DT planning and re-routing functionalities. This chapter presents the algorithms conceived for integration in next generation avionics and ATM Decision Support Systems (DSS), to perform the multi-objective optimisation of 4DT intents. In particular, the algorithms are developed for 4DT Planning, Negotiation and Validation (4-PNV) in online strategic and tactical operational scenarios, and are conceived to assist the human flight crews and ATM operators in planning and reviewing optimal 4DT intents in high air traffic density contexts. The presented implementation of the multi-objective 4DT optimisation problem includes a number o f environmental objectives and operational constraints, also accounting for economic and operational performances as well as weather forecast information from external sources. The current algorithm verification activities address the Arrival Manager (AMAN) scenario within a Terminal Manoeuvring Areas (TMA), featuring automated point-merge sequencing and spacing of multiple arrival traffic in quasi real-time.

Keywords: trajectory optimization, 4 dimensional trajectory, air traffic management, terminal manoeuvring area, trajectory based operations. Contents 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Statement of the problem 17.3 Mathematical formulation 17.3.1 Numerical solution 17.3.2 MOTO-4D algorithm implementation 17.3.3 Multi-objective optimality 17.4 4DT Optimisation Algorithm 17.5 Simulation and results 17.6 Conclusions References

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