'NAMA' is a fairly recent term to enter the climate jargon, first introduced at the ...
making up the total of 35 NAMAs as listed in the NAMA Database at the end of ...
In 90 Seconds... ● Feb / 2013, Issue 02 ● ● Author ● Arindam Basu ●
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) ‘NAMA’ is a fairly recent term to enter the climate jargon, first
Some definitions expand “carbon markets” to include a wider variety
introduced at the Bali Action Plan in 2007. Since then it is widely
of “market based” instruments such as renewable energy certificates.
understood as a new policy instrument to support voluntary
Donor agencies can specify the type of results expected (e.g.
climate change actions by developing countries enabled through
emissions reduced or equipments installed) and require setting up of
financing, technology and capacity building.
a Measuring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) systems.
CDM: Standalone Projects
Development of NAMAs: The development of a NAMA consists of 2
(e.g. 15 MW Waste-to-Energy Project)
(two) sets of documents broadly categorized by 5 (five) stages:
PoA: “Umbrella” Program
Technical and Political Assessment
(e.g. Waste Water PoA in Cambodia)
Identification and Selection of NAMA
NAMA: Scaling Up Mitigation
(e.g. Waste Sector NAMA in Cambodia)
However the definition and structure of NAMAs are still evolving and the type of climate change action proposed to be undertaken can vary greatly, and include different types of targets – national emissions reduction targets in tonnes CO2 equivalent, national
Detailed NAMA Development
NAMA Concept Note - Overview (Country, Sector, Focus Area) - Description (Objective, Activities, Time) - Finance (Cost, Finance requested) - Impact (GHG Direct/Indirect Benefits) - Co-benefits (Enviro-Socio-Economic) - Other Information
NAMA Proposal (NAMA-DD) - Detailed overview of proposed NAMA - National context / Baseline scenario - Rationale / Implementation procedure - MRV System - Institutional Capacity / Capacity Building - Appendices: Calculations / Other Info
NAMA Implementation
MRV System
intensity based targets, deviations from business as usual emissions and a wide variety of actions – national policies and strategies,
Unlike CDM, where 80% of the projects are located in China, India,
sector-focused policy approaches and specific programmes or
Brazil and Mexico, the development of NAMAs have shown a wider
project(s). The key differentiator between standalone CDM projects
geographical and sectoral distribution with Latin America taking a
or Program of Activities (PoAs) and NAMAs are their potential
lead (57%) and Africa accounting for 34%, compared to Asia (6%) and
ability to deliver much more than emission reduction.
Europe (3%). Policy based NAMAs constitute 29% of the proposals
NAMA Concept: Sustainable Charcoal in Uganda
submitted, with strategies (43%), projects 14% and others (14%) making up the total of 35 NAMAs as listed in the NAMA Database at
Charcoal Production
Charcoal Supply Chain / Logistics
Charcoal End User
the end of 20121. Figure 1: NAMA Sectoral Distribution (as of Dec 2012)
Sustainable Forestry
Differential Pricing Model
Efficient Cook-stoves
Income Generation
Revenue Generation
Health Benefits (e.g. less soot)
Types of NAMAs: As NAMAs imply policies/strategies/projects that are ‘Nationally Appropriate’ some form of government intervention is expected. Two broad categories of NAMAs are being discussed; Unilateral NAMAs are nationally driven through domestic financing and Supported NAMAs that are expected to be financed through a variety of sources; multi/bilateral aids (e.g. Official Development Assistance from developed countries), loans, the Green Climate Fund and even domestic finance sources. A third category, Credited NAMAs is also being examined and like CDM projects would require setting up of a “NAMA crediting mechanism” and allow trading of verifiable emission reductions in international carbon markets.
1
Buildings 11% Agricultur e 6%
Industry 3% Energy 37%
Transpor t 23% Forestry 6%
Waste 14%
Examples of NAMAs: Project based NAMAs would require investment in infrastructure/technology such as deployment of energy efficient motors. Strategy based NAMAs would involve a long term comprehensive plan of measures and actions designed to achieve a common goal; e.g. a master plan to implement sustainable transport system. Policy based NAMAs are typically government driven programs that are, or form part of a future legislation – feed in tariff, building codes, emission trading scheme.
Source: Mitigation Momentum – Annual Status Report on NAMAs, 2012
● Developed in Collaboration with
Denmark ●
