Newsletter of the Project Integration of Female Immigrants in ... - FeMiPol

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Sep 6, 2006 - international workshop on September 21 on the topic of “Female Immigrants in Poland”. Female immigrants, scientists, representatives of public ...
Issue No. 01/ 06 September 2006

Newsletter of the Project

Integration of Female Immigrants in Labour Market and Society. Policy Assessment and Policy Recommendations A Specific Targeted Research Project of the 6th Framework Programme of the European Commission hosted by the Institute of Social Research at Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main

About FeMiPol Acknowledging that the integration of migrants serves to enhance the potential of European societies for competitiveness, sustainable economic growth and greater social cohesion, the European Commission has highlighted the contribution that immigrants could make to the Lisbon Strategy objectives. In the Communication to the Council (2003) the EC lists, alongside young migrants, migrant women as a group that should be taken into account in formulating integration policies. The FeMiPol project responds to these challenges by exploring and analysing the impact of integration policies on the position of migrant women within EU countries as a basis for the development of recommendations for appropriate integration policies. A central assumption is that integration policies should attend to the agency of the persons involved. Therefore, the analysis of integration processes focuses not only on barriers for social integration and on their removal, but also on the strategies and life plans of the female migrants. On the basis of an agency sensitive biographical evaluation of policy, the project will formulate recommendations for better policies, both on the national and EU level, aimed at the integration of female migrants. The FeMIPol project started in February 2006 and will run until January 2008. The research covers eleven European countries: Cyprus, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the UK. The Newsletter, produced by the FeMiPol coordination team, informs interested parties about the project, its events, publications and activities of the partners. For detailed information and publications please visit the project website:

www.femipol.uni-frankfurt.de In this issue: FeMiPol Events Workshops organized by the project partners Conference participations Other activities of the project partners Publications Contact information

Institute of Social Research at J.W.Goethe University Frankfurt am Main: Dr. MARIA KONTOS (Project Coordinator); Oxford Brookes University: Prof. FLOYA ANTHIAS; University of Paris X- Nanterre: Prof. MIRJANA MOROKVASIC-MÜLLER; University of Florence: Prof. GIOVANNA CAMPANI; Peace Institute, Institute for Contemporary Social and Political Studies Ljubljana: Dr. MOJCA PAJNIK; Jagiellonian University Krakow: Prof. KRYSTYNA SLANY; Centre for Research on Women´s Issues Athens: MARIA LIAPI; Intercollege Cyprus: Dr. NICOS TRIMIKLINIOTIS

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Issue No. 01/ 06 September 2006

Newsletter of the Project

FeMiPol Events The first project workshop: Policies affecting female migrants in Europe The first meeting of the project took place at the Institute of Social Research in Frankfurt am Main from May 26 to 28, 2006. The meeting provided a forum for partners to discuss first research findings, to clarify the future work and to get familiar with the structure of the internal homepage and data base, communication tools developed for aiding the project research. An important aspect of the meeting was that it provided an opportunity for the project partners to become acquainted with the other members of the consortium, learn about each other’s work and exchange information and experience on issues of mutual concern. The main themes of the first day were the results of the 1st Work Package on “Mapping and Analysing Policies Affecting New Female Migrants in European Societies”. In the discussion, the focus was on the similarities and differences in the national policies and the identification of structural conditions producing these similarities and differences. Important trends detected in the analysis of the integration policies in most European countries were, among others, the assimilationist aspect emerging in integration policies, the interrelation between policies against trafficking and a more restrictive immigration policy, the differences on the legalization policies between north and south European countries and the role of European policy for the emergence of integration policies in the new EU member countries.

Workshops organized by the project partners “Female Immigrants in Poland” At the Jagiellonian University, Institute of Sociology, Krakow, the Polish team organized an international workshop on September 21 on the topic of “Female Immigrants in Poland”. Female immigrants, scientists, representatives of public and regional organizations working with/for immigrants participated as well as students and PhD students. Prof. Krystyna Slany, Jagiellonian University, moderated the discussion and Dr. Beata Kowalska, Jagiellonian University, presented the FeMiPol project, its objectives and methodology, as well as first results of the research. Migrant workers have become an important element of labour markets in all European countries. Considering general demographic trends, access to the labour market turns out to be an important issue in EU policy. The emerging new class creates a need for new legislation, education and work policy. Questions discussed were: the feminization of new migration streams to the EU; consequences, obstacles, and challenges deriving from the ethnic composition of the new labour markets in the EU; the main characteristics of the EU’s new migration policy.

Conference participations ‘’Policy Recommendations and Good Practices in an Enlarged EU’’ Dr. Mihaela Fulias-Souroulla, Intercollege Cyprus, presented the paper ‘’Marriages between Immigrant Women and Greek-Cypriot Men’’ in the Final European Conference ‘’Policy Recommendations and Good Practices in an Enlarged EU’’ of the EU project ‘’Female Marriage Migration: Awareness Raising and Violence Prevention’’ (Heirat III) which took place in Bratislava, 21 - 23 April 2006. The paper outlined the results of her PhD research and discussed marriage migration in Cyprus by: (a) examining trends in marriage migration and analysing statistical data on marriage and immigration); (b) mapping out legal regulations on marriage migrants’ residence status; (c) discussing issues of access to resources, participation, social mobility and belonging in relation to female marriage

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migration; identifying organizations/self-help associations of marriage migrant women and proposing recommendations for improving the legal situation of marriage immigrants.

British Sociological Association Conference, April 21-23, 2006 Dr. Maja Cederberg, Oxford Brookes University, gave a paper on “Good migrants and bad migrants: identity limits and the management of difference”.

International Round Table “Trafficking in Women and Prostitution” Dr. Mojca Pajnik, Peace Institute Ljubljana participated in the international round table organized on May 12, 2006 by the Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen (IWM), Vienna, to discuss the relationship between trafficking and prostitution.

“From Immigration Politics to Migration Management: Changes in Migration Governance” Prof. Giovanna Campani, University of Florence, was keynote speaker at the Morning Seminar “National and Local Governments Confronted with Cultural Diversity: The case of Italy” of the EUROFOR conference “From Immigration Politics to Migration Management: Changes in Migration Governance” 15-18 June 2006 in Maratea, Italy. Her paper on “National and Local Integration Processes in Italy” focused on the specific absence of a national integration policy in Italy and the importance of local authorities together with NGO’s for developing and implementing local policies for the integration of migrants. In the workshop on “Gender and Migration” at the same conference, Prof. Ursula Apitzsch, J.W. Goethe-University and Prof. Giovanna Campani, University of Florence were keynote speakers. Prof. Apitzsch presented a paper on “The Impact of Social Citizenship Policies on New Migrants and Gender Diversity in Europe”. In its focus was the concept of social citizenship and gender, and especially the gender constructions entailed in social policy related to migration processes such as the dominance of the male breadwinner model. Prof. Campani’s paper on “New Perspectives of Gender Research in Migration Theory” focused on the new labour market demand for female migrants and the impact of the new feminized migration on the perpetuation of gender roles in society.

“Population challenges in ageing societies” Prof. Krystyna Slany, Jagellonian University Krakow, and her team presented a poster session of the FeMiPol project at the European Population Conference “Population challenges in ageing societies” in Liverpool, 21–24 June 2006. The conference was organized by EAPS in collaboration with the Department of Geography at the University of Liverpool, and sponsored by the European Union, the Economic and Social Research Council (UK), the Institute National d’Études Démographiques (France), the Population Investigation Committee (UK), the Welcome Trust and the University of Liverpool. A central topic of the conference was migration in Europe. Six sessions were devoted to the multidimensional aspects of international migration: 1) International migration flows in Europe, 2) Migrant mortality, 3) Integration process of migrant population, 4) Demographic aspects of international migration, 5) Changes in the Mediterranean model of immigration, 6) What we talk about when we talk about international migration.

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“Women and Psychology Conference” Prof. Floya Anthias, Oxford Brookes University was keynote speaker in the Women and Psychology Conference at Manchester Metropolitan (All Saints Campus), UK, July 5-7, 2006. The title of her presentation was: ‘Gender, ethnicity, class and migration: reflecting on intersectionality and translocational belonging’.

“Gender and Migration, International Colloquium, 1985-2005. 20 years of research on International Migration” Prof. Mirjana Morokvasic-Müller, University of Paris X, co-ordinated the workshop on “Gender and Migration” at the International Colloquium on: “1985-2005. 20 years of research on International Migration”, Migrinter, Poitiers, 6 July 2006 (with Aurélie Varrel).

Participation of partners at the XVI ISA World Congress of Sociology, “Quality of Social Existence in a Globalising World”, 23-29 July 2006, Durban, South Africa Prof. Floya Anthias, Oxford Brooks University, was keynote speaker in the Symposium on Citizenship, Governmentability, Diversity and Social Exclusion, Session: Intersectionality, Discrimination, Disadvantage and Exclusion. The title of her paper was: “From ‘Group’ and ‘Identities’ to Processes and Social Relations: Reframing Intersectionality within Understandings of Inequality”. She also chaired a session (with Helma Lutz) on Transnational Biographies. PD Dr. Lena Inowlocki, University of Frankfurt, chaired the session on “Biographical processes and collective identities I”. Prof. Ursula Apitzsch, Institute of Social Research, Frankfurt, chaired the session on “Biographical processes and collective identities II”. In the session “International Migration, Informal Economy and Urban Restructuring”, Prof. Ursula Apitzsch presented a paper on the topic “From "Guest Working“ to Self Employment in a Transnational European Space”. In the same session, Prof. Giovanna Campani, University of Florence, gave a paper with the title “Chinese ethnic communities in Italy”, and Dr. Nicos Trimikliniotis, Intercollege Cyprus, gave a paper on “The Use and Abuse of Undeclared / Unprotected Labour: Migration, Europeanisation and the Role of Trade Unions”. In the session “Race, Gender, and Transnational Migration”, Dr. Maria Kontos, Institute of Social Research, Frankfurt, gave a paper on “Transnational Spaces in Migrant Women’s Biographical Narrations”.

6th European Gender Research Conference “Gender and citizenship in a multicultural context”, University of Lódz, Poland, 31 August - 3 September 2006 The conference was a triennial high-level, interdisciplinary event focused on gender research in a wide range of thematic areas. It was organized by the Association of Institutions for Feminist Education and Research in Europe (AOIFE). Prof. Krystyna Slany and Dr. Magdalena Slusarczyk, Jagiellonian University Krakow, presented a paper on Discrimination of Women in the Private and Public Sphere in the Experience of Young Women. In the focus was the subjective experience of discrimination by young women students. Starting point was the observation that Polish women are rooted in

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traditional rather than in modern roles. Most of the burden of domesticity and family is transferred by the state to women, which hinders a change of behaviour, patterns and values in this sphere of life. The question is, however, whether there are any signs that the young generation of women in Poland will take actions to achieve gender symmetry. The research presented demonstrates that young women talk about violence and discrimination in the private world more often than about discrimination in the public sphere. Their observations in the orbis exterior, however, and their subjective experience of violence can be regarded as a harbinger of a new consciousness and subjectivity. Young women in Poland seem to be gradually changing old patterns of behaviour and ways of thinking about themselves and about women more generally. Marta Warat, Jagiellonian University, presented a paper on ‘Immigrants or Citizens? Religion and Identity among Muslim Women in Multicultural Great Britain’. The paper discusses the struggles about Muslim women’s identity and integration in Great Britain, as well as the role of religion and culture, gender, ethnicity, citizenship, western values and milieus in shaping Muslim women’s individual and collective identity and the choices and opportunities they face in the public sphere, including education, employment or organizations. Dr. Beata Kowalska, Jagiellonian University, presented the paper ‘Between Tradition and (Post)modernity: Muslim Feminism’, which discusses the movement for women’s emancipation that emerged in the Middle East at the turn of the 19th and 20th century as well as the processes of religious revival from the 1970s on. Concerning the problem of how to combine deep religious devotion with new gender awareness, there are a variety of interpretations of Muslim doctrines and their implications for social life. The hierarchical and patriarchal character of relations between men and women can be seen as an integral part of the religious heritage. For others, the idea of egalitarianism permeating the Koran means rejecting all kinds of theories and practices discriminating against women. Growing aspirations of women for full participation in social and political life and the rising number of well-educated female believers who find justification in religious texts for their rights show that religion and emancipation processes must not stand in contradiction. For more information: http://www.gender2006.pl

"Education, Employment, Europe" Prof. Krystyna Slany, Jagiellonian University, and the Polish team members Dr. Beata Kowalska, Dr. Magdalena Slusarczyk, Martha Smagacz, Karolina Krzystek, Katarzyna Zielińska were invited to represent the Femipol Project in a poster session of the Conference "Education, Employment, Europe", 21-22 September 2006 at the Jagiellonian University, Cracow. The conference has been organized in the framework of the Tripl-E DOSE project Specific Support Action (SSA), financed by the European Commission under the Sixth Framework Program. Objectives of this project are: 1) to summarize outcomes of socioeconomic research resulting from the FP5 and FP6 projects under "common denominator" related to education and employment in Europe and to make them available through a multifunctional web page; 2) on the basis of the first objective, to prepare an international conference "EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT, EUROPE" with participation of carefully selected experts, decision makers and practitioners, open for a wider public; including a series of workshops with interactive participation of various target groups with the request of their feedback; 3) to publish the conference outcomes; to formulate and transfer recommendations resulting from the workshops to relevant policymakers.

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“The ethos of contemporary migration in the light of John Paul’s teaching” Part of the Symposium “The ethos of contemporary migration in the light of John Paul’s teaching”, organized by the John Paul II Foundation in Rome, from 20 to 21 September 2006, was devoted to the activity of the Polish Catholic Missions among immigrants and the pressing necessity to develop new forms of pastoral care. Speakers underlined the specificity and growing visibility of female immigrants. The first session was devoted to the problem of integration in the social teaching of John Paul II, whereas the other sessions focused on activities run by Polish Catholic Missions in European countries. The representatives of the Missions raised the question as how to develop the new forms of priesthood that would take into consideration the new waves of immigrants - temporary, not permanent, often feminized. The discussion centered on the family and especially on children left in the country of origin. Another issue discussed concerned the second generation of immigrants and their involvement in the life of the ethnic church. What was underlined was the church’s role in preserving and promoting Polish culture in a receiving country. Finally, the speakers took up the problem of relationships between a Catholic Mission and the Episcopate in the country of immigration. Agnieszka Malek, Jagiellonian University of Krakow presented a paper discussing the issues connected with the integration process of migrant women and the problem of cultural identity.

Other activities of the FeMiPol partners Master Course on “Gender, Citizenship and Cultural Pluralisms: processes of inclusion and exclusion affecting migrants and refugees” at the University of Florence Prof. Giovanna Campani, University of Florence, is one of the scientific coordinators of the Master Course “Gender, Citizenship and Cultural Pluralisms: processes of inclusion and exclusion affecting migrants and refugees” at the University of Florence, Department of Education in the academic year 2006/2007. The Master programme addresses the need for specialized knowledge by those who operate in training and/or assistance and by those who work with socially, culturally and economically vulnerable groups. It offers focused skills and competencies, while at the same time integrating national experiences and dimensions of international comparison. Reception and integration policies and models are addressed, with particular emphasis on asylum, through a critical approach of social-educative equality. The competencies foreseen in the programme shall equip participants with analytical tools for working with the phenomenon of exclusion in relation to gender, cultural diversity and immigration: evaluation of the influence of the sending, transit and host contexts on the various migrant groups; research methodologies for pluricultural contexts; analysis and evaluation of interventions at the national and international level.

“Gendered Migration, Sex Work and Exploitation: Trafficking in Women and Prostitution” Dr. Mojca Pajnik organized an international workshop at the Peace Institute in Ljubljana, 3-4 March 2006 where the FeMiPol project and its objectives were presented.

“Cypriot Diaspora Programme” Prof. Floya Anthias, Oxford Brookes University, gave the address at the launch of the Cypriot Diaspora Programme at the Bruce Castle Museum on the June 4, 2006 in the presence of the Cyprus High Commissioner Mr. Petros Eftihiou, His Eminence Archbishop Gregorios, the Minister of Culture Mr. David Lammy MP, The Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury Mrs Theresa Villiers, The leader of Haringey George Meehan, The Mayor of Haringey Mrs Gina Adamou, The Mayor of Barnet Mr. Andreas Tampourides, many councillors and community

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leaders, representatives of local and community press, LGR radio, RIK television. She spoke on “Ethnicity in a Multicultural Society and its effect on the Cypriot Community”.

“Female Immigrants in Slovenia” The Slovenian team organized on 7 June 2006 a meeting on “Female Immigrants in Slovenia”, with the participation of representatives of the Ministry of Labour, Family and Social Affairs, among them the Head of the Sector for Labour Migrations, and representatives from the Employment Service of Slovenia and the Head of the Employment Office for Foreigners. Dr. Mojca Pajnik and Dr. Veronika Bajt, the Peace Institute, presented the FeMiPol project and the expected results and negotiated the cooperation with the two institutions for the field phase of the research, especially the phase of gathering statistical data and data on labour market’s demands.

PhD Graduations Dr. Mihaela Fulias-Souroulla, member of the FeMiPol team Intercollege, achieved her PhD at the University of Cyprus in May 2006 with the thesis: “Marriages between Greek Cypriots and Foreign Nationals in the Republic of Cyprus. A sociological study on mate selection”. The goal of the study was to identify main reasons that led people to enter mixed marital relationships in Cyprus. Exploratory research was conducted for monitoring the partner choice formation at each of the levels of the individual-group-society model: individual motivations (preferences), third party agents (constraints) and marriage market mechanism (or the opportunity for matching). The primary findings constituted the starting point for an empirical investigation that employed a combined-methods approach: quantitative (a questionnaire survey about Cypriots’ perceptions, opinions and attitudes towards mixed marriage in Cyprus) and qualitative (in-depth, semi-structured interviews with spouses from mixed marriages about motives that determined their marital choices). Dr. Maja Cederberg, member of the FeMiPol team Oxford Brooxes University, gained her PhD in Cultural Studies from the Nottingham Trent University in July 2006. Her thesis is entitled ‘Everyday racism in Malmö, Sweden. The experiences of Bosnians and Somalis’. The research centred on issues around migration, ethnicity, gender, and processes of inclusion and exclusion in a contemporary Swedish context. These were explored through biographical narrative interviews with migrants, specifically Bosnian and Somali refugees that came to Sweden in the early 1990s, alongside key informants interviews, analysis of policy and policy developments, and a cultural analysis of representations and understandings of ‘Swedish-ness’ and ‘otherness’.

Publications Floya Anthias - ‘”Secure borders, Safe haven” and the gendered politics of belonging: beyond social cohesion’ (with N. Yuval Davis and E. Kofman) in Ethnic and Racial Studies, May, 2005 - “Researching Society and Culture in Cyprus: displacements, hybridities and dialogical frameworks”, in Y. Papadakis, N. Peristianis and G. Weiz (eds), “Divided Cyprus: Modernity, History and an Island in Conflict”, Indiana University Press: New York, 2006 - “Belongings in a Globalising and Unequal World. Rethinking Translocations”, in “The Situated Politics of Belonging”, edited by: Nira Yuval-Davis, Kalpana Kannabiran and Ulrike Vieten. London: Sage 2006

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Ursula Apitzsch “Kulturelle Einbettung und gegenhegemoniale Netzwerke” in Das Argument 266, 2006, p 365 - 380 Maja Cederberg - “Institutional perceptions of “the refugee” and refugees’ experiences of Swedish society”, in Studi Emigrazione/Migration Studies. Vol XLIII, No. 162, June 2006 Agnieszka Małek - "Le migrazioni pendolari delle donne polacche in Italia"[in:] "Polonia. Nuovo paese di frontiera. Da migranti a comunitari", K. Golemo, K. Kowalska-Angelelli, F. Pittau, A. Ricci (ed.); IDOS Centro Studi e Ricerche, 2006 Mirjana Morokvasic - "Transgressing borders and shifting boundaries in post-wall Europe. A gender view". In Ariane Berthoin Antal & Sigrid Quack (Eds): Grenzüberschreitungen - Grenzziehungen. Implikationen für Innovation und Identität, Berlin- Sigma 2006, p 47-72. - "Une circulation bien particulière: la traite des femmes dans les Balkans", Migrations Sociétés, Vol. 18, N°107-108, 2006 Krystyna Slany - “Trauma codziennego życia: z badań nad migrantkami polskimi w USA i Włoszech [Trauma of the everyday life: research on Polish female migrants in the USA and Italy], [in:] "Stawanie się społeczeństwa. Szkice w darze profesorowi P. Sztompce z okazji 40-lecia pracy naukowej", Andrzej Flis (ed.), Wyd. Universitas, Krakow 2006. - "L'immigrazione in Polonia alla luce del censimento del 2002" [in:] "Polonia. Nuovo paese di frontiera. Da migranti a comunitari", K. Golemo, K. Kowalska-Angelelli, F. Pittau, A. Ricci (ed.); IDOS Centro Studi e Ricerche, 2006

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Contact Information Institute of Social Research at J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Dr. Maria Kontos (Project Coordinator): [email protected] Prof. Ursula Apitzsch: [email protected] PD Dr. Lena Inowlocki: [email protected] Ana-Violeta Sacaliuc: [email protected] Dr. Kyoko Shinozaki: [email protected] Ute Haferburg: [email protected] Oxford Brookes University Prof. Floya Anthias: [email protected] Dr. Maja Cederberg: [email protected] Prof. Ron Ayres (Greenwich University): [email protected] Tamsin Barber: [email protected] University of Paris X Prof. Mirjana Morokvasic-Müller: [email protected] Dr. Christine Catarino: [email protected] Dr. Emmanuelle Chaveneau: [email protected] Alexandra Carvallo: [email protected] University of Florence Prof. Giovanna Campani: [email protected] Tiziana Chiappelli: [email protected] Ilundi Cabral: [email protected] Olivia Salimbeni: [email protected] Peace Institute, Institute for Contemporary Social and Political Studies Ljubljana Dr. Mojca Pajnik: [email protected] Dr. Veronika Bajt: [email protected] Neza Kogovsek, LL.M: [email protected] Jagiellonian University Krakow Prof. Krystyna Slany: [email protected] Dr. Magdalena Slusarczyk: [email protected] Dr. Beata Kowalska: [email protected] Dr. Marta Smagacz: [email protected] Centre for Research on Women’s Issues Athens Maria Liapi: [email protected] Anna Vouyiouka: [email protected] Prof. Dina Vaiou: [email protected] Intercollege Cyprus Dr. Nicos Trimikliniotis: [email protected] Dr. Mihaela Fulias-Souroulla: [email protected]

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