Nomenclatural notes on four Linnaean names in ...

Iamonico • Notes on Linnaean Arenaria

TAXON 65 (3) • June 2016: 610–616

Nomenclatural notes on four Linnaean names in Arenaria (Caryophyllaceae) Duilio Iamonico Section Environment and Landscape, Department PDTA, University of Rome Sapienza, 00196 Rome, Italy; [email protected] DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/653.13 Abstract The Linnaean names Arenaria laricifolia, Ar. liniflora, Ar. mucronata, and Ar. striata (Caryophyllaceae) are investigated. Specimens from the Linnaean Herbarium (LINN) are designated as lectotypes of Ar. laricifolia and Ar. liniflora, a specimen from UPS is designated as lectotype for Ar. striata, and an illustration by Haller is designated as lectotype for Ar. mucronata. These names are currently recognized under Minuartia s.l. and can be referred to Cherleria laricifolia comb.nov. s.str. (≡ Ar. laricifolia; Ar. liniflora and Ar. striata being later heterotypic synonyms) or M. mucronata (≡ Ar. mucronata). Two names (Stellaria rubra, Ar. fastigiata) are proposed as new heterotypic synonyms of M. mucronata (Ar. fastigiata is lectotypified on a Smith’s illustration). It is also noted that “Arenaria cerastoides L.” is a nomen nudum and so not validly published under Art. 38.1 of the ICN; its intended identity is, therefore, irrelevant. According to the current concept in Minuartia, M. laricifolia should be treated under the genus Cherleria and, lacking a nomenclatural transfer, I here propose three new combinations each for one of the three subspecies currently recognized: C. laricifolia subsp. laricifolia comb. nov., C. laricifolia subsp. kitaibelii comb. nov. and C. laricifolia subsp. ophiolitica comb. nov. Keywords Arenaria; Linnaean names; Minuartia s.l.; new combination; nomen nudum; synonym; typification

INTRODUCTION Arenaria L. is a genus of 200–300 species mostly distributed in northern temperate regions (Halliday, 1993; Zhengyi & al., 2001; Hartman & al., 2005). Linnaeus published 29 species names in Arenaria (Linnaeus, 1753, 1755, 1756a, 1759a, b, 1762, 1767, 1771, 1774) and had a broad concept of the genus. Current circumscriptions of Arenaria (Greenberg & Donoghue, 2011; Conti & al., 2014; Dillenberger & Kadereit, 2014; Iamonico, 2014a) do not retain all names in Arenaria, instead placing some of them in the genera Honckenya Ehrh., Minuartia L., Moheringia L., Sabulina Rchb., and Spergularia (Pers.) J.Presl. & C.Presl. Among the 29 Linnaean names, 5 appear to be as yet untypified (see Jarvis, 2007: 311–313; Ar. tenuifolia L. was lectotypified by Iamonico, 2014a) and 5 are investigated here as part of the revision of the genus Arenaria for the new edition of the Italian Flora (Iamonico, 2011, 2013, 2014a, b).

TYPIFICATIONS Arenaria laricifolia

Linnaeus’s (1753: 424) protologue consisted of a short diagnosis with three synonyms cited from Haller (1742: 388), Bauhin (1620: 118, 1623: 251), and Vaillant (1727: 121); the provenance (“Habitat in montosis Helvetiae, Genevae, Parisiorum, Monspelii”) was also provided. No illustration useful for the lectotypification was provided by Bauhin, Haller, or Vaillant. At LINN there are two sheets (Nos. 585.42 and

585.43) which bear plants matching the Linnaean diagnosis. However, 585.43 lacks the relevant Species Plantarum number (“9” in the case of Ar. laricifolia) and is to be considered a post-1753 addition to the collection and not original material for the name. The other sheet (585.42) includes the annotation “9 laricifolia”, the “9” explicitly referring to the species account in Linnaeus’s protologue. Therefore, this exsiccatum is original material for the name Ar. laricifolia and it is here designated as the lectotype. I have been unable to locate any further original material in any of the other Linnaean and Linnaean-linked herbaria. According to the current concept in the subfamily Alsin oideae Fenzl (McNeill, 1962) or the clade Plurcaryophyllaceae Greenberg & Donoghue (Greenberg & Donoghue, 2011), Are naria laricifolia should be referred to the genus Minuartia as M. laricifolia (L.) Schinz & Thell. However, a recent phylogenetic investigation (Dillenberger & Kadereit, 2014) showed that Minuartia is highly polyphyletic with species falling into ten genera (Cherleria L., Eremogone Fenzl, Facchinia Rchb., Mcneillia Dillenb. & Kadereit, Minuartiella Dillenb. & Kadereit, Mononeuria Rchb., Pseudocherleria Dillenb. & Kadereit, Rhodalsine Gay, Sabulina Rchb., and Triplateia Bartl.). Minuartia laricifolia belongs to M. sect. Spectabiles (Fenzl) Hayek subsect. Laricifoliae (Mattf.) McNeill and is now accepted by Dillenberger & Kadereit (2014: 68, 77–78) within the genus Cherleria. Lacking a combination of Ar. laricifolia (currently recognized as M. laricifolia (L.) Schinz & Thell.) under the genus Cherleria I here propose a new combination (nominal taxon). Since two further subspecies of M. laricifolia are currently recognized (subsp. kitaibelii

Received: 19 Aug 2014 | returned for (first) revision: 29 Nov 2014 | (last) revision received: 8 Feb 2014 | accepted: 14 Feb 2014 || publication date(s): online fast track, n/a; in print and online issues, 24 Jun 2016 || © International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) 2016

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(Nyman) Mattf., and subsp. ophiolitica Pignatti) two other new combinations are proposed (see below). According to Marhold (2011, under Minuartia), three subspecies can be distinguished: subsp. laricifolia, subsp. kitaibelii (Nyman) Mattf., and subsp. ophiolitica Pignatti. The latter taxon is endemic to Italy (northern Apennines) and includes plants growing on serpentine substrates. Thus, the Linnaean taxon (described from localities outside of Italy) cannot refer to Pignatti’s subspecies. On the other hand, subsp. laricifolia and kitaibelii grow on calcareous soil of the Pyrenees, Alps, and Carpathians: they differ each other on the basis of the sepal length, the ratio capsule length / sepals length, and the seed size and surface (Halliday 1993: 159). Unfortunately, mature fruits do not occur on the Linnaean specimen 585.42, but on the basis of examination of the sepals (about 5.0–5.5 mm long) I can identify the plant as the subsp. laricifolia. Cherleria laricifolia (L.) Iamonico subsp. laricifolia, comb. nov. ≡ Arenaria laricifolia L., Sp. Pl.: 424. 1753 ≡ Alsine laricifolia (L.) Crantz, Inst. Rei. Herb. 2: 407. 1766 ≡ Stel laria laricifolia (L.) Scop., Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 317. 1771 ≡ Sabulina laricifolia (L.) Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 789. 1832 ≡ Wierzbickia laricifolia (L.) Rchb., Icon Fl. Germ. Helv. 5: 30. 1841 ≡ Minuartia laricifolia (L.) Schinz & Thell. subsp. laricifolia in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 7: 403. 1907 ≡ Alsinopsis laricifolia (L.) A.Heller in Muhlenbergia 8: 96. 1912 – Lectotype (designated here): Herb. Linnaeus No. 585.42 (LINN!). — Image of lectotype available at http://linnean-online.org/6142/ Cherleria laricifolia subsp. kitaibelii (Nyman) Iamonico, comb. nov. ≡ Alsine laricifolia subsp. kitaibelii Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 116. 1878 ≡ Arenaria kitaibelii (Nyman) Bonnier, Fl. Ill. France 2: 50. 1913 ≡ Minuartia striata subsp. kitaibelii (Nyman) Mattf.. in Ascherson & Graebner, Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 5(1): 940. 1919 ≡ Minuartia larici folia subsp. kitaibelii (Nyman) Mattf. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih., 15: 190. 1922 ≡ Minuartia kitaibelii (Nyman) Pawł. in Szafer & al., Rosl. Polsk., ed. [2]: 139. 1953 – Type: not designated. Cherleria laricifolia subsp. ophiolitica (Pignatti) Iamonico, comb. nov. ≡ Minuartia laricifolia subsp. ophiolitica Pignatti in Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 107(5): 208. 1973. – Holotype: ITALY. M. Murlo, 29 Jul 1933, Pichi Sermolli s.n. (FI!). — Image of holotype available at http://parlatore. msn.unifi.it/types/search.php Arenaria liniflora

Arenaria liniflora was first published by Linnaeus in the 13th edition of the Systema Vegetabilium (1774: 355), including a short diagnosis (“A. [Arenaria] fol. subulatis, caulib. suffruticosis, flor. geminis”), the provenance (“Habitat in Eu ropa australi”), and a detailed description and a comparison with the previous listed species Ar. grandiflora L. (“Differt ab

A. grandiflora foliis non planis, calycis foliolis non multistria tis”); no synonyms were cited. Jarvis (2007: 312) indicated “Herb. Linn. No. 585.55” as original material for this name. I found, however, two sheets: the one mentioned by Jarvis (LINN 585.55, image available at http://linnean-online.org/6155/) and a second at S-LINN (IDC 189.1, image available at http://linnaeus.nrm.se/botany/ fbo/a/arena/arenlin.html.en). Each sheet consists of one plant (that at LINN includes three branches of probably the same individual, thus Art. 9.17 of the ICN [McNeill & al., 2012] can be applied) whose features match Linnaeus’s diagnosis. The specimen at LINN includes Linnaeus’s annotation “Arenaria liniflora” while that at S-LINN bears the writings “Arenaria [by J.E. Wikström]” and “falsum { cfr. Arenaria / linifolia / Syst. Veg. 13, / 355 [by C.A.M. Lindman]” (front of the sheet), and “Herb. Alstroemeri [by J.E. Wikström] / Dahl a Linne P. [= Patris] Arenaria linifolia [by A. Dahl]” (back of the sheet). The latter specimen is therefore part of the Alströmer’s collection that was maintained by the Linnaean disciple A. Dahl. Dahl received many specimens of plants from Linnaeus (and he annotated the material received from Linnaeus with a “P” [= Patris]; A. Anderberg, pers. comm.) and many of those were incorporated in Alströmer’s herbarium. This is the case of the exsiccatum IDC 189.1. The annotations by J.E. Wikström (curator of the herbarium from 1818, see http://linnaeus.nrm. se/botany/fbo/hand/wikstrom.html.en) and C.A.M. Lindman (head of the herbarium until 1921) were added later, after 1843, when the Alströmer’s Herbarium was donated to the Royal Swedish Academy of Science by Linnaeus’s family (who was in possession of the collection after the death of C. Alströmer; A. Anderberg, pers. comm.). Both the exsiccata above mentioned (LINN, S-LINN) were certainly seen by C. Linnaeus and can be considered part of the original material. No further specimens in any of the other Linnaean and Linnaean-linked herbaria were located. Between the two specimens found, I prefer to designate 585.55 (LINN) as lectotype of the name Are naria liniflora since this specimen is more complete including two flowers (only one flower in S-LINN IDC 189.1). Concerning the current application of the name, Jarvis (2007: 312) stated “The application of this name appears uncertain.” Linnaeus (1779: 367) recognized the taxon Ar. liniflora as a species under Arenaria, while no subsequent authors have accepted this choice. The Linnaeus’s name was rarely treated as a separate taxon under different genera (see, e.g., Reuter, 1832: 25; Bertoloni, 1839: 681; Schinz & Thellung, 1907: 403, sub Minuartia liniflora (L.) Schinz & Thell.), while it was sometimes considered a synonym of Ar. laricifolia L. (see, e.g., Candolle & Lamarck, 1815: 612; Grenier, 1841: 35; The Plant List, 2014). Villars (1789: 630) indicated Ar. liniflora as a doubtful synonym of Ar. striata, while Candolle & Lamarck (1815: 612) listed it as a synonym of “A. laricifolia β. A. striata Vill. Dauph. 3, p. 630, t. 47, non. All.” (because Villars referred to Linnaeus’s Ar. striata, also indicating “A. capillacea ? Allion. Flor. n. 1705. add. 365. Tab. 89. f. 2”, the name by Candolle and Lamarck can be considered a new combination, Ar. laricifolia var. striata (L.) DC. & Lam.). The morphological comparison between the types of Ar. laricifolia (LINN 585.42,

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designated in this paper) and Ar. liniflora (LINN 585.55) shows that the plants differ in the inflorescence structure: Ar. laricifolia shows densely flowered cymes, while Ar. lini flora has solitary flowers. However, according to the current concept (Pignatti, 1973: 205–206, 1982: 205–206; Favarger & Montserrat, 1990: 238; Halliday, 1993: 159; Info Flora, 2015), Ar. laricifolia has 1–6-flowered inflorescence. Concerning other important taxonomic characters in Minuartia (habit: annual or perennial; hairness: glabrous or pubescent; leaf size; sepal shape: oblong / obtuse or ovate / acute; venation: veins obscure or distinct; sepal and petal length; ratio sepals length / petals length), LINN 585.55 corresponds to the taxon currently known as Cherleria laricifolia subsp. laricifolia (comb. nov., see the taxonomic treatment of Ar. laricifolia). Therefore, the two names can be considered heterotypic synonyms, Ar. larici folia having nomenclatural priority. Arenaria liniflora L., Syst. Veg., ed. 13: 355. 1774 ≡ Alsine liniflora (L.) Vis., Fl. Dalmat. 3(1): 178. 1850 ≡ Wierzbickia liniflora (L.) Fourr. in Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, sér. 2, 16: 347. 1868 ≡ Minuartia liniflora (L.) Schinz & Thell. in Bull. Herb. Boissier., ser. 2, 7: 403. 1907 – Lectotype (designated here): Herb. Linnaeus No. 585.55 (LINN!). — Image of lectotype available at http://linnean-online.org/6155/ = Arenaria laricifolia L. ≡ Cherleria laricifolia (L.) Iamonico subsp. laricifolia, comb. nov. [for synonymy and lectotypification, see above]. Arenaria mucronata

Linnaeus’s (1753: 424) protologue of Arenaria mucronata consisted of a diagnosis, with one synonym cited from Haller (1742: 389, not “387” as reported by Linnaeus); the provenance (“Habitat in Helvetia”) is also reported. Haller (1742) published an illustration (“t. 7. f. 2”). Linnaeus (1762: 389) transferred the species to the genus Alsine L., providing a similar diagnosis to that given in 1753 (“ALSINE foliis setaceis, calycibus aristatis, petalis integris brevibus”). Linnaeus (1762) corrected the Haller page reference (from “387” to “389”) and added a new synonym from Seguier (1754). The latter author cited Haller (1742), also specifying the name of Haller’s illustration (“Alsine tenuifolia, flosculis umbellatis minimis”). The Haller illustration can be considered original material for the name Ar. mucronata and is eligible as the lectotype. Only one specimen was located in the Linnaean and Linnaean-linked herbaria, the sheet 388.4 at LINN (image available at http://linnean-online.org/3682/). It consists of four plants collected in Spain by P. Löfling and includes the Linnaeus’s annotations “2 mucronata” and “Are naria foliis setaceis, floribus 5andris, calycem foliolis subulatis Loef. Descr. 25 / ? Alsine tenuifolia Loefling Ominino minime / Hispania”. The number “2” does not match that in Species Plan tarum (“10” for Ar. mucronata) and probably refers to the species number in the 2nd edition of Species Plantarum (Linnaeus, 1762, “2. ALSINE …”), while the script “Arenaria foliis setaceis … subulatis” matches the description by Löefling (1758: 141). Therefore, this sheet can be considered a post-1753 addition to the collection, and thus not original material for the name. The 612

Haller image is the only original material. Fortunately it matches the Linnaean diagnosis, so it is designated here as the lectotype of the name Ar. mucronata. Concerning the application of the name Ar. mucronata, it is currently uncertain (Jarvis, 2007, as “Arenaria sp.”). In fact, the nomenclatural history of this Linnaean name is long and complicated and its usage changed during the time. After 1753 Linnaeus listed Ar. mucronata two times. In the 2nd edition of Species Plantarum (Linnaeus, 1762: 389) Ar. mucronata was transferred to the genus Alsine and moved from the class “Decandria Trygina” to “Pentandria Monogyna” (“Stamina huic 5” was added after the description). In Mantissa Plantarum altera Linnaeus (1771: 358–359) discussed the species comparing it with Ar. fasciculata L., and Ar. montana L. Later than Linnaeus, several authors treated Ar. mucronata, accepting the name under Alsine (e.g., Willdenow, 1798: 1512), Arenaria (e.g., Willkomm, 1852: 105, 110), Minuartia (Schinz & Thellung, 1907: 403), or Sabulina (e.g., Reichenbach, 1841: 27), as well as a separate taxon or in synonymy (e.g., Bertoloni, 1839: 676, under Ar. fastigiata Sm., or Marhold, 2011, under Minuartia rostrata (Pers.) Rchb.), and finally even as nomen ambiguum (e.g., Friedrich, 1962: 797, and McNeill, 1963a: 398). The high number of synonyms associated with Ar. mucronata and the very different references cited by the post-Linnaean authors (see, e.g., Willdenow, 1798: 1512; Willkomm, 1852: 105, 110; Caruel, 1893: 586–589; Fiori, 1925: 459; Marhold, 2011) further highlight the confusion regarding the application of the name Ar. mucronata. The identity of the Linnaean name represents a difficult issue both at generic / infrageneric ranks, and at species / infraspecific levels. The lectotype (illustration by Haller, 1742: t. 7 “fig. 2”) includes one plant (with root) and two magnifications of the flower (on the top-right of the plate) one presented in a lateral view (so the calyx is clearly visible), the other flower in front view (so the corolla is easily observable). The morphological characteristics follow: plant annual, with stem erect, glabrous, branched from the base; leaves linear-setaceous (more than 15 times as long as wide), mucronate (the latter character obtained from the description by Haller, 1742: 389, “Folia … pungentia”); inflorescences in dense, many-flowered cymes (a maximum of 17 flowers per cyme can be counted in the illustration); flowers peduncled, the peduncle shorter than the calyx; sepals 1-veined, about 2 times longer that the petals; petals white (the color obtained from the description, “Petala alba”), ovate, entire, with the apex rounded. This description agrees with the current concept of Minuartia s.l., not Arenaria (see, e.g., Dillenberger & Kadereit, 2014). On the basis of the descriptions and the dignostic key provided (from couplet no. 33—Dillenberger & Kadereit, 2014: 80), two genera (Minuartia [clade 7 sensu Dillenberger & Kadereit, 2014], and Sabulina Rchb. [clade 10]) are to be considered in the identification of the Haller’s plant. These two genera can be mainly distinguished by the calyx which is strongly hardened at the base in Minuartia, while it is not or scarcely hardened in Sabulina (Dillenberger & Kadereit, 2014: 78–79, 81; McNeill, 1962: 137–138, 1963a: 316, sub Minuartia sect. Sabulina (Rchb.) Graebn.). The calyx seems to be hardened in Haller’s illustration, but I cannot be sure since no good details are available. No specimen of Ar. mucronata

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was found among Haller’s collections at G, GOET, and P, so I cannot verify the Haller’s concept for this character. Fortunately, another feature can be considered: the number of sepal veins. Sabulina has usually 3-veined sepals, while Minuartia has 1–7(–9)-veined sepals (McNeill 1962, 1963a; Dillenberger & Kadereit, 2014). Haller’s plant clearly shows five sepals each with one prominent median nerve, so I can exclude Sabulina. With the aim to identify Haller’s image at species and infraspecific levels, it is necessary to compare the type of Ar. mucronata (Haller’s illastration) with Minuartia species currently occuring in Switzerland (Ar. mucronata was described in “Habitat in Helvetia”; Linnaeus, 1753: 424). On the basis of the recent Swiss Flora (see, e.g., Lauber & al., 2012; Info Flora, 2015), one species (M. rubra (Scop.) McNeill), and two names (synonyms of M. rubra in the Swiss Flora) are to be considered: Ar. fastigiata Sm. (untypified), and Stellaria rubra Scop. (now M. rubra, lectotype designated by McNeill, 1963b: 173–174). Scopoli (1772: 316) did not discuss the ratio sepals length / petals length in the protologue of Stellaria rubra (this ratio represents a character with high taxonomic value in Minu artia s.str. —see, e.g., McNeill, 1962, 1963a; Pignatti, 1982; Favarger & Montserrat, 1990; Halliday, 1993). Furthermore, the ratio cannot be observed in the lectotype (“Tab. 17. 538. Stellaria Rubra”, image available at http://bibdigital.rjb.csic. es/ing/Libro.php?Libro=982&Pagina=403). On the basis of the current Swiss Floras (Lauber & al., 2012; Info Flora, 2015), and the treatment of Minuartia in Flora Europaea (Halliday, 1993), the ratio of sepals length / petals length is 2–3. Comparing the morphological description of M. rubra with the type features of Ar. mucronata, I here propose to consider these names as heterotypic synonyms. On the basis of the Art. 11.4 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012), the Linnaean name has nomenclatural priority over Scopoli’s (1753 vs. 1772). However, it is not necessary to propose a new combination of Ar. mucronata in Minu artia, given that Schinz & Thellung (1907: 403) already did so. Although the name Ar. mucronata was rarely used by the botanists as separate taxon during the last 100 years (a sort of informal rejection), Stellaria rubra appears to be treated as a separate species only recently, having not a particular long history. As a consequence, a proposal for conservation of Stellaria rubra might not be justified. Concerning Ar. fastigiata Sm., the protologue (Smith, 1807) includes a reference to a good illustration that is original material for the name and it is here designated as the lectotype. The morphology of the plant occuring in the Smith’s illustration matches the current concept of Minuartia rubra (see, e.g., Halliday, 1993; Lauber & al., 2012). Thus, Ar. fastigiata can be considered as synonym of Stellaria rubra and Ar. mucronata. Arenaria mucronata L., Sp. Pl.: 424. 1753 ≡ Alsine mucro nata (L.) L.,1 Sp. Pl., ed. 2: 389. 1762 ≡ Sabulina mucro nata (L.) Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 786. 1832 ≡ Xeralsine 1

Poiret (in Lamarck, Encycl. 4: 313. 1797) proposed the combination Alsine mucronata (L.) Poir., that is an isonym according to the Art. 6.3 Note 2 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012), and it has not therefore a taxonomic status.

mucronata (L.) Fourr. in Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, sér. 2, 16: 347. 1868 ≡ Minuartia mucronata (L.) Schinz & Thell. in Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2, 7: 403. 1907 – Lectotype (designated here): [illustration] Haller, Enum. Meth. Stirp. Helv.: t. VII, “fig. 2”. 1742. — Image of lectotype available at http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/ing/Libro. php?Libro=2864&Pagina=379 = Stellaria rubra Scop., Fl. Carniol., ed. 2: 316. 1772 ≡ Minu artia rubra (Scop.) McNeill in Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 68: 173. 1963, syn. nov. – Lectotype (designated by McNeill in Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 68: 173–174. 1963): [illustration] “Stellaria Rubra” in Scopoli, Fl. Carniol., ed. 2: t. 17, fig. 538. 1772. — Image of lectotype available at http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/ing/Libro. php?Libro=982&Pagina=403 = Arenaria fastigiata Sm., Engl. Bot.: t. 1744. 1807 ≡ Sabu lina fastigiata (Sm.) Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 786. 1832 ≡ Minuartia fastigiata (Sm.) Rchb., Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 5: 28. 1841 ≡ Alsine fastigiata (Sm.) Bab., Man. Brit. Bot., ed. 1: 51. 1843 ≡ Minuartia rubra subsp. fastigiata (Sm.) O.Bolòs, Vigo, Massalles & Ninot, Fl. Man. Països Catal.: 1214. 1990, syn. nov. – Lectotype (designated here): [illustration] Smith, Engl. Bot.: t 1744. 1807. — Image of lectotype available at http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/ing/Libro. php?Libro=2062&Pagina=31 = Alsine jacquinii W.D.J.Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.: 115. 1835 ≡ Arenaria fasciculata sensu Jacquin (Fl. Austriac. 2: 49. 1774), non L., Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 2: 33. 1767, syn. nov. = Arenaria fastigiata Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 112. 1866, nom. illeg., pro syn. Minuartia fastigiata (Sm.) Rchb. (Art. 36.1c) and later homonym of Arenaria fastigiata Sm. (Art. 53.1), syn. nov. Arenaria striata

Arenaria striata was described by Linnaeus (1756a: 17–18) through a short diagnosis (“ARENARIA striata foliis linearibus erectis, calycibus oblongis striatis”), and a long and detailed description; the provenance (“Habitat in alpibus Austriae & montibus vallis augustae”), and the synonym “Caryophyllus saxatilis, polygoni minoris folio & facie. Burs. XI. 129” were also given. Two relevant sheets were found at LINN (nos. 585.48 and 585.49). The latter one (image available at http://linnean-online. org/6149/) includes the Linnaean annotations “Arenaria striata” and “Allion”, so the plant is part of Allioni’s collection and was later identified by Linnaeus. This exsiccatum cannot be considered original material. The other sheet (585.48, image available at http://linnean-online.org/6148/) has a long Linnaeus script (“striata” [front] … “Caryophyllus saxatilis, polygoni minoris (quod herbam caneri vocant) foliis et facie, floribus albis tanq[uam] im umbella positis. Saxifragae anglicae advers figurae quadrare videtur, quam t[ame]n pro Polygono habuit CB. In alpibus austriae et montibus vallis augustae. } Burser [XI. 129]”), a part of which completely matches the synonym reported by Linnaeus (1756a) in the protologue. I consider the sheet 585.48 as part of the original material.

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In the Burser Herbarium (at UPS) there is one specimen (Herb. Burser XI: 129) bearing one plant and one label. The long label annotation includes the words “Caryophyllus saxa tilis, polygoni minoris … folio & facie … In alpibus Austriae & montibus vallis angustae” that matches the protologue (Linnaeus, 1756a: 17–18). This exsiccatum is original material for the name. Moreover, since it is explicitly cited in the protologue, it is a syntype according to the Art. 9.5 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012). Among the elements discovered (LINN 585.48, UPS XI: 129), because Burser’s sheet is a syntype, I here designate it as the lectotype of the name Arenaria striata. On the basis of the protologue and the lectotype, Ar. stri ata has to be ascribed to Minuartia s.l. (see, e.g., Favarger & Montserrat, 1990; Halliday, 1993; Dillenberger & Kadereit, 2014). Burser’s plant shows the following morphological

characteristics: perennial habit, caespitose, woody at the base, about 10 cm tall; leaves linear, 8–12 mm long, acute at the apex; inflorescence of 1–5-flowered cymes; peduncles with simple and some glandular hairs; sepals oblong-lanceolate, 5–6 mm long, subobtuse at the apex, 3-veined, green with white scarious margins; petals white, longer than the sepals; mature capsule, ellipsoidal, 6–7 mm long. These features allow placing Ar. striata into Arenaria sect. Spectabiles subsect. Laricifoliae ser. Laricifoliae (McNeill, 1962: 142) which currently belongs to the resurrected genus Cherleria (Dillenberger & Kadereit, 2014: 77–78). Dillenberger & Kadereit (2014) have not proposed a new combination since this genus is treated in an ongoing study by A. Moore (pers. comm.). Therefore, I here recognize Ar. striata as traditionally circumscribed under Minuartia s.str. (see, e.g., Marhold, 2011). In particular, the Linnaean name corresponds to the taxon currently known as Cherleria laricifolia subsp. laricifolia (comb. nov., see taxonomic treatment of Ar. laricifolia). As a consequence, the Linnaean names Ar. laricifolia, and Ar. striata are heterotypic synomyns, the first one having nomenclatural priority. Arenaria striata L., Cent. Pl. II: 17–18. 1756 ≡ Alsine striata (L.) Crantz, Inst. Rei Herb.: 408. 1766 ≡ Arenaria laricifolia var. striata (L.) DC. & Lam., Fl. Franç., ed. 3, 6: 612. 1815 ≡ Sabulina striata (L.) Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 789. 1832 ≡ Wierzbickia striata (L.) Rchb., Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 5: 30. 1841 ≡ Minuartia striata (L.) Grande in Bull. Orto Bot. Regia Univ. Napoli 8: 90. 1926 – Lectotype (designated here): Herb. Burser XI: 129 (UPS!). — For an image of the lectotype, see Fig. 1. = Arenaria laricifolia L. ≡ Cherleria laricifolia (L.) Iamonico subsp. laricifolia, comb. nov. [for synonymy and lectotypification, see above]. “Arenaria cerastoides”

Fig. 1. Lectotype of the name Arenaria striata L. (Herb. Burser, XI: 129, UPS).

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The designation “Arenaria cerastoides” was published by Linnaeus in the volume 4 of its the Amoenitates Academi cae (Linnaeus, 1759a: 483), as part of the reprinted version of the Flora Monspeliensis (Linnaeus, 1756b), a dissertation of Linnaeus’s collaborator student T.E. Nathorst. In this dissertation there are several binary names derived from polynomials described by Magnol in his Botanicum Monspeliense (Magnol, 1676). All these Linnaean names were numbered, but in 1756 no explanation was provided about the meaning of the number appended to each binomial. The Linnaean sentence “Numeri speciebus adpositi indicam eandem plantam in Magnolii Botanico Monspeliensi, si numerus libro adscribatur” included in the Amoenitates Academicae (Linnaeus, 1759a: 483) intended to create a link between Magnol’s descriptions and the Linnaean numbered names. As a consequence the names reported in Amoenitates Academicae should be considered as validly published (see also Jarvis, 2007). However, as noted by Stearn (1974: 632), “Ar. cerastoides” appears without any number and hence reference to Magnol’s Botanicum Monspe liense and so it is a nomen nudum according to Art. 38.1 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012). Unfortunately, since no exsiccata

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included in Magnol’s collections (preserved at LINN, MPU, OXF, and P) were found, Linnaeus’s concept of “Ar. cerastoi des” remains obscure and it should be listed as nomen incertae sedis. As such, it has no status (Art. 12.1) and whatever species Linnaeus had in mind is irrelevant. Arenaria cerastoides was validly published by Poiret (1789: 166) as Ar. cerastioides and applies to an annual species of Arenaria s.str., native in Spain and North Africa.

AKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am grateful to Directors and Curators of all quoted herbaria for their support during my visits, loans of specimens/photographs, or information requested. Special thanks are due to M. Hjertson (Museum of Evolution, Uppsala, Sweden) for permission to reproduce the image of the Burser specimen (lectotype of Arenaria striata) and help in the examination of the Burser specimen, and to A. Anderberg (Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden) for the useful discussion about the history of the specimen of Ar. liniflora preserved at S-LINN. Thanks are also due to C.E. Jarvis (British Museum Natural History, London, U.K.) for the critical comments about the Linnaean material referred to Ar. striata, to J. McNeill (Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh) and the other anonymous reviewer for the useful revisions

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