Optimising Blood Donations in Portugal Mainland ...

Optimising Blood Donations in Portugal Mainland Using Modelling and Spatial Analysis FIGUEIREDO, Daniela; MARQUES, Miguel; BAÍA, Sandra; ROCHA, Jorge

Introduction Portuguese Institute of Blood and Transplantation (IPST) has four key action points: i) ii) iii) iv)

self-sufficiency in blood; greater specificity in the blood's collection; blood collection paradigm shift; and creation of a better relationship with the donors' associations. The national blood self-sufficiency is achieved with the contribution of IPST (72%) and hospitals (28%) that perform blood collections.

The institute collaborates with donors' associations, but the lack of control and the dependency of their work may cause problems. Thus, the teams and campaigns' promotion and planning must move from a regional control to a national level.

Methods It is known that statistical and time series analysis' formal methods are well adapted to the study of blood donations. In order to understand the blood donations' spatiotemporal and functional dynamics, a set of spatial statistics techniques were performed, as well as calculations, using Huff model, of the blood collection centres' influence areas. At last, three experiments of a location-allocation model were performed in order to understand which are the higher potential places to host a future blood collection centre.

Influence Areas Official Areas 4 Methods

Official areas

Euclidian distance (km)

Road Network (tempo)

Huff Gravity Model

Each hospital has an official area of influence, and some municipalities may be attached to more than one hospital Cover 58% of the municipalities of Mainland Portugal 161 municipalities

Influence Areas Official Areas Inhabitants

63%

Inhabitants with age for blood donation

63%

Inhabitants with age for first time blood donation

63%

Inhabitants in urban areas

44%

People working and studying in the municipality

75%

Some of the excluded municipalities


Braga

116,926

Matosinhos

109,447

Guimarães

100,747

Influence Areas Euclidian Distance until 5 km

until 10 until 15 km km

Area

17%

31%

42%

Inhabitants

49%

64%

70%


49%

65%

71%

Inhabitants with age for first time blood donation

48%

65%

71%

Some of the excluded municipalities


Leiria

77,394

Aveiro

47,676

Penafiel

45,207

Influence Areas Road Network until 30 min

from 30 to 60 min

more than 60 min

Area

42%

38%

20%

Inhabitants

82%

14%

4%


85%

11%

4%

Inhabitants in urban areas

82%

15%

3%

Municipalities far from 60 min

28

Influence Areas Huff Model Weight factor

Potential

Number of hours/month that users are able to donate blood

Number of inhabitants with blood donation age

Probability of choosing a location

Location Potential

Influence areas

Influence Areas Huff Model Population Density* (inhab/km2) IPO - Lisboa

3 222

IPST - Porto

2 983

H. Garcia de Orta

1 203

H. Amadora-Sintra

1 154

H. Barreiro H. São João de Deus

903

359

C.H. Vila Nova de Gaia

294

H. Vila Franca de Xira

243

H. São José

156

H. Setúbal

154

* With age to be a blood donnor

Location-Allocation Model Possible allocation spots

Public Hospitals in Portugal Mainland

Search spots

Population with age to be blood donors (geometric centre of built up areas with inhabitants – dasymetric cartography)

Method

Maximization of Service

Run

Distance (min)

Centres (nº)

1

30

36 (+5)

2

45

40 (+9)

3

60

40 (+9)

Optimizing Influence Areas Location-Allocation Model New centres: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Santo André Hospital – Leiria; Senhora da Oliveira Hospital – Guimarães; Infante D. Pedro Hospital – Aveiro; Caldas da Rainha District Hospital ; Padre Américo Hospital – Penafiel.

224 municipalities

5,539,481 inhabitants with age to be blood donors

Optimizing Influence Areas Location-Allocation Model New centres: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Santo André Hospital – Leiria; Senhora da Oliveira Hospital – Guimarães; Infante D. Pedro Hospital – Aveiro; Caldas da Rainha District Hospital; Padre Américo Hospital – Penafiel; São Sebastião Hospital – Santa Maria da Feira; Fundão District Hospital; Dom Luiz I Hospital – Peso da Régua; Macedo de Cavaleiros Hospital Unit.

272 municipalities

5,875,453 inhabitants with age to be blood donors

+ 6,1%

Optimizing Influence Areas Location-Allocation Model New centres: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Santo André Hospital – Leiria; Senhora da Oliveira Hospital – Guimarães; Infante D. Pedro Hospital – Aveiro; Caldas da Rainha District Hospital; Padre Américo Hospital – Penafiel; São Sebastião Hospital – Santa Maria da Feira; Fundão District Hospital; Dom Luiz I Hospital – Peso da Régua; Padre Américo Hospital – Penafiel.

277 municipalities

5,890,326 inhabitants with age to be blood donors + 0,3%

Results & Discussion The first model uses a 30 minutes distance and the allocation of more 5 collection centres. In this model the area of influence covers 224 municipalities and a total of 5,539,481 possible donors. Second, we used a 45 minutes distance and allocated more 9 collection centres for an area of influence with 272 municipalities and a total of 5,875,453 potential donors.

The third run maintained the collection centres but for 60 minutes distance, covering 278 municipalities and 5,890,326 possible donors. With these data it is possible to learn more about the behaviour of donors, as well as perform more donation promotions focused on target audiences, allowing for greater specificity on blood donation making selfsufficiency achievable without waste of low use groups (AB and B).