Palaeoenvironment, land-use and ...

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Miglionico. Difesa S.Biagio. S. Angelo. Pantanello. Fattoria Fabrizio. Pizzica. L. Albano. L. Nemi. RF93- ... PAL8. PAL 9. PAL11. S 17. RF95-13. SA 03/01. Laboratorio di Palinologia e Paleobotanica .... Villa del Casale. Philosophiana. CHORA ...
Laboratorio di Palinologia e Paleobotanica www.palinopaleobot.unimore.it Dipartimento Scienze della Vita - Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia

Palaeoenvironment, land-use and palaeoethnobotany from archaeobotanical research in Italy

Member of SBI Società Botanica Italiana

GRUPPO GP - SBI

GPSBI Gruppo Palinologia SBI

International Federation of Palynological Societies

European Pollen Database - European Modern Pollen Database

Research project

A.M. Mercuri, G. Bosi, M. Bandini Mazzanti, P. Torri, A. Benatti, A. Florenzano, M.C. Montecchi, E. Rattighieri, R. Rinaldi

Plant remains - including pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs, seeds and fruits, woods and charcoals - are among the most important biological archives upon which past environmental reconstructions are based.

Cultural Landscapes of the Past

Plants are known to respond to both climate change and human impact. As humans lived in a region, ‘cultural transformations of natural habitats’ began, and were the inevitable consequence of human presence in lands. The weak anthropogenic influence on the environment firstly occurred in the vicinity of the settlements, and then became a true local impact. Then, human impact became evident at a larger regional scale depending on the chronological and cultural variables, and on the distance and intensity of activity performances.

PALICLAS EU Framework 3 Climate and Environment Programme

Ferrara Modena Gardolo

Ex Cinema Capitol Ospedale Maggiore - Milano

Piazza Municipale

Via C. Menotti

Giardino delle Duchesse

Grotta Tanella

Milano

Parma

Cassa di Risparmio Chiesa San Paolo Corso Duomo Ex Cinema Capitol Ex Cinema Splendor Ex Manifatt. Tabacchi Largo S. Francesco Via Castellaro Via C. Menotti Via Emilia Est Via P. Ferrari V.le Amendola Palazzo Boschetti Palazzo Vaccari Parco Novi Ark Piazza XX Settembre Piazza Roma

Canàr Nogara Cerea

Boccarone

Volta Mantovana Casale di Rivalta Poviglio

Ferrara Montegibbio Baggiovara Montale Argenta S 17 Cittanova Rubiera Monte Castellaccio Modena Sant’Agata Monte Bibele Imola Lugo Ravenna Sarzana Faenza Russi Forlì Domagnano Poggio Castellano Cà di Rigo Casinalbo

Toscana

V.le Amendola

Porta Reno

Piazza Castello

Monastero S. Antonio

Parco Novi Ark

Palazzo Vaccari

Vescovado

Largo S. Francesco

Cassa di Risparmio

Grotte Frasassi

A set of palynological / archaeobotanical research has been carried out in the last decades by our research team.

Grotta Vacche

Piano Locce

Podere Marzuolo

Poggio dell’Amore

Podere Terrato

Poggio dell’Amore Podere Terrato San Martino Case Nuove

Case Nuove

In Italy, investigations cover most of the regions from Northern (especially Emilia Romagna), Central (especially Tuscany) and Southern Italy (especially Basilicata and Sicily). Chronology ranges from the Middle Bronze age, to the Roman and Medieval ages, to Renaissance ages.

PAL8

SA 03/01

PAL 9

PAL11

SA 03/11

Isola Montecristo

Colle Massari

RF95-13 RF93-30 Piano Locce

The research joins multidisciplinary archaeological study to palaeoenvironmental–ecological approach, with focus on the Italian peninsula and its impressive prehistoric and historic archaeological heritage.

L. Albano

Colle Massari

San Martino

Podere Marzuolo

L. Nemi

Minturno

Sassari

Castellammare di Stabia

Torre Satriano Altojanni

Miglionico Fattoria Fabrizio

Difesa S.Biagio S. Angelo Pizzica

Ville S.Marco e Arianna

Pantanello

Basilicata

Grotta Scario

CHORA OF METAPONTUM

Jure Vetere

Sassari Difesa San Biagio

Fattoria Fabrizio Grotta Scario

Jure Vetere

Torre di Satriano

Stromboli

Sant’Angelo Vecchio

Altojanni

Pantanello

Miglionico

Taormina

Sicilia

Isola di Mozia Piazza Armerina

Anthropogenic pollen indicators

Philosophiana

Philosophiana

Villa del Casale

San Vincenzo - Stromboli

Taormina

Isola di Mozia

Microscopical remains from archaeological sites: a way to read and understand the environmental trasformations and development of cultural landscape (vegetation and human impact) in the last c. 11,500 years (Holocene) Parasite eggs from Medieval Parma: 1) Trichuris (cf. trichiura) 2) Trichuris (cf. suis) 3) Ascaris 4) Capillaria 5) Dicrocoelium 6) Diphyllobothrium

Mediterranean culture and climatic change: past patterns and future trends. Anna Maria Mercuri, Laura Sadori Dorthecht –Springer

Microscopic and macroscopic plant remains play key roles in palaeoecological reconstructions. Among the different plant records, the combined evidence of pollen and nonpollen palynomorphs (NPPs) found in samples taken from archaeological excavations is especially useful in discriminating land uses and pastoral/breeding activities.

ISBN 978-94-007-6703-4.30 Date June 2013

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Some pollen grains from archaeological sites: 1) Pinus 2) Quercus cf. cerris 3) Avena/Triticum group 4) Cichorieae 5) Olea 6) Vitis

The Mediterranean Sea: its History and Present Challenges

The Mediterranean basin has always featured, and still has, extremely rich and intermingled environmental and cultural biodiversity. The mosaic of habitats distributed around the Mediterranean basin was primarily transformed by climatic changes occurring at a global scale. In the meantime, the environment has been continuously exploited and the landscape shaped. Mediterranean is in fact a key region that is world-wide as the house for many of the most ancient civilizations.

Left: the five case study: a1. Uan Afuda cave; a2. planimetry; b. Benzú; c. La Vaquera cave; c1. environmental set; c2. planimetry; d. Terramara di Montale; e. Arslantepe. Right: Mediterranean sites discussed in the paper.

Five case studies are reported as examples of how archaeobotanical records can be tools to analyse cultural responses to environmental changes. Around the Mediterranean ‘Lake’, the history of cultural–environmental relations under changing climate was so complex that there are serious difficulties in distinguishing climate change from human impact in many proxy-data records. Pollen and archaeobotany are links among plants, habitats and cultural changes, while climate changes are at the basis on the overall environmental and landscape transformations.