~f. O'.NI.~. Director from Polar Circle may be obtained from: Nansen Remote Sensing Center, .... 2100. 2. 2002 14. 149. 76.5060 N 3.3880 W 87: 4: 5: 620. 2150. 2. 1962 14. 150. 76.4880 N ..... temperature range is from -2 to 2°C and a salinity ..... 1000. 1050. 1100. 1150. 1200. 1250. 1300. 1350. 1400. 1450. 1500. 1600.
The Nansen Remote Sensing Center
A non-profit research institute affiliated with the University of Bergen
Technical Report no. 13
MIZEX 87: CTD data report frolll Polar Circle
by Stein Sandven, Zsolt Kovacs, Cathleen Geiger, Tor I. Olaussen, and Ola M. Johannessen
April 1988
The Nansen Remote Sensing Center series of technical reports
During the Winter MIZEX experiment of 1987, a total of 206 CTD stations were taken onboard the icebreaker POLAR CIRCLE. Most of the data were obtained in areas with 3-5m thick ice, and the depth of the CTD casts varied from 150m to 3000m. This report presents these data in the form of station tables, T-S diagrams, station profiles and vertical sections.
tro 2. Tab les and figures •••.•••...••••....•••.••.•••...•..•......•••....•••..••••..••..•.•.•.•...•••••••••••2 3. Explanation of the data •••••.••.••.....•......•..•.••....•.....•....•.•••.••..••...•...•.•..•.•.•.3 4. Calibration ....•.•.•.••....•......•.•••..•••......•..............•....••.•...•.•.•..•.•..•.•..•..•...•.•.•4 5. Acknowledgement ..•..••.•••••.•......•....•...•..............•......•...••..••••.....•.•.•.•.••..••.5 6. References •.•.••...•..•....•.....••••.•.••.•.••.......•...•..•.•••.••.......•...••..•.........•......•••.•. 6 7. Data listings .••......••....••.•..••••...•.•..•.••••..•...•...•.•....•.•.•.•.••....•••.....••.•..••••••.•••7 8. Station profiles and T -S diagrams .........................................................8 9. Vertical sections ....•.•....•..••.••.•.•...•..•.•....•.••..•.•.••...•........•.•..•....•.••....••..•.... 9 :/:~.:..
~. :.:;:.:.~::.
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.
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Technical Report no: Unclassified Bergen, 88/4/22
~f
O'.NI.~ Director
s£:~e re;~rt:
MiZEX '87: data report from Polar Circle may be obtained from:
Nansen Remote Sensing Center, Edvard Griegsvei 3a, N-5037 SOLHEIMSVIK, NORWAY Telephone: 47 - (0) 5 - 29 72 88 Page i
MlZEX '87: CI'D data report/rom Polar Circle
1. Introduction The marginal ice zone (MIZ) is the critical region in which polar air masses, ice and water masses interact with the temperate ocean and climatic systems. The processes that take place there profoundly influence hemispheric climate and have a significant effect on petroleum/mineral exploration and production, naval operations, and commercial fishing. To gain an understanding of these processes sufficient to permit modeling and prediction, a series of field experiments were planned and executed (Johannessen et al., 1983). In 1983, a pilot marginal ice z~:me experiment was conducted during the summer in the Fram Strait and Greenland Sea (MIZEX group 1986). The 1983 Fram Strait experiment was followed in June and July of 1984 by a major multi-national experiment, also in Fram Strait. The purpose of the 1983 and 1984 programs in Fram Strait was to study the mesoscale physical processes by which ice, ocean, and atmosphere interact in the MIZ during the summer months. Extensive research programs were conducted in oceanography, meteorology, acoustics, remote sensing, ice studies, and biology. The major results of this research program are published in the JGR Special Issue, June 1987. As a continuation of the summer MIZEX investigation program, the winter MIZEX 87 was conducted both in the Fram Strait/Greenland Sea region and in the Barents Sea from March 20 to April 10,1987. The winter MIZ program objectives hinge upon the need to understand the ice/ocean/atmospheric processes responsible for the advance of the winter ice edge, and their effects on acoustics and electromagnetic remote sensing under dramatically different conditions from those during the summer. The primary objectives for this Winter MIZEX oceanography program were:
1. Investigation of the characteristics of the iceocean eddy field including open ocean eddies with respect to spaGe and time scales, energy, generation, propagation and structural changes, including eddy/eddy interaction and decay. 2. Investigation of the role the ice-ocean eddy field has in heat and mass exchange across the ice edge in order to parameterize this effect in large-scale models. 3. Investigation of the potential role of the MIZ eddy field in upwelling events, on freezing of new ice, and in deep convection or bottom water formation. 4. Provision of time series, at densely spaced locations, of current shear stress values for correlation with MIZ acoustic properties and signatures and of the thermohaline structure for determining sound speed variations. 5. Investigation of the MIZ internal wave field, with emphasis on generation mechanisms associated with the ice field and the interaction between internal waves and iceocean eddy fields. 6. Definition of the winter cross-edge velocity and thermohaline structure for comparison with summer measurements. 7. Determination of the role of off-ice advection episodes in the heat, salt, and ice budgets.
In this document, we will only report on the CTD oceanography program carried out from the ice-strengthened research vessel POLAR CIRCLE which operated in the icecovered part of the winter MIZ. A total of 83 CTD stations deeper than 500m, plus approximately 100 shallow yo-yo stations,
Page 1
MIZEX '87: CID data reportfrom Polar Circle
Introduction ... were obtained during the operations in the northern Greenland Sea area. In the last part experiment 24 CTD stations were taken in the shallow waters near Bear Island in the Barents Sea (table 1). The data set is divided into 9 sections and serves as a complementary data set to the CTD (Sandven et.al1987), and SEAS OAR data obtained from HAKON MOSBY which operated in the open ocean part of the experimental area. A station list (table 1), a section list ( table 2), along with a chart of the CTD positions of the two ships during the operations in the northern Greenland Sea (fig. 1), provide an overview of the CTD program. The station list gives position, date, time and extent of observations for each station. A first iteration of error checking has been on the data set, however only major spikes have been removed. It is left to the user of the data to carefully examine questionable values.
Page 2
MIZEX '87: CI'D data report from Polar Circle
2. Tables and figures Table 1: CTO Station list - Polar Circle
*
STA
POSITION (DEG.MIN*100)
TIME
BOTTOM DEPTH
MIN OBS
(m)
(m)
MAX
OBS (m)
VERT :r .'
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1:
W I-
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~
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1200
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J'
10
1500
I 1500
PROFILE: STA: 8
POS:18.56S0 N
1.295°W
TIME:81. 3.21
10.30
-2.0 34.30
,
I -2.0
I
34.18 34.62 34.46 SALINITY (PSS 1918)
1S-o IAGRAM: . S1A: 8: POS:18.5SS"N
1.295°W
34.94
1IME:81.5.21
10.50
35.10
21 ,60
21.10
21.80
21,90
3~,20
3~,~O
3~,60
3~,80
-2 iOO
-1 100 ~
a 100
1,00
a.::::::::::::::
28,00 35,00 2,00
28, 10 S8M 35,20 SAL 3 JOO TE"!
3i.30 3.0
34.46
34.18
34.62
35.10 3.0
34.94
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~
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300
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600
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POS:18.525°N
.00ooW
TIME:01. 3.28
8.30
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-2.0 34.30
~ -1.0
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T5-DI"GR"M: 5T": 20: POS:18.5250N
.OOOOW
I -2.0
34.94
TIME:81. 5.28
35.10
8.58
21 ,60
21,10
21,80
21,90
3~,20
3~,,.0
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34.94
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PRESSURE (oBAR)' 500
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DIST (KM): SECTION: SOUND VELOCITY (M/SEC.) TIME:B1. 4. 1: 5.9 - B1. 4. 2: 1.19 POS: 1B.01°N 3.15°W 1B.11oN 1 .49° E POLAR CIRCLE & HAKON MOSBY
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100
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P~S:
16.S1'N
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