Preparation of Manuscripts

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Energy & Fuels no longer accepts mailed hardcopy submissions. Manuscripts may ... edition home page via http://pubs.acs.org/journal/enfuem. ... author after the manuscript has been submitted requires a confirming letter to the Editor-in-Chief.
Preparation of Manuscripts (Revised May 2015)

Manuscript Submission Manuscripts must be submitted via the ACS Paragon Plus Environment (http://paragonplus.acs.org/login). Complete instructions and an overview of the electronic online (Web) submission process are available through the secure ACS Paragon Plus Web site. Authors must also submit all revisions of manuscripts via the ACS Paragon Plus Environment. The web submission site employs state-of-the-art security mechanisms to ensure that all electronically submitted papers are secure. These same security mechanisms are also used throughout the peer-review process, permitting access only to editors and reviewers who are assigned to a particular paper. Energy & Fuels no longer accepts mailed hardcopy submissions. Manuscripts may not be submitted via fax or as e-mail attachments. To use Web submission, authors must be able to provide electronic versions of text, graphics, and Supporting Information (if included). The names and e-mail addresses of all co-authors must be entered during submission via Paragon Plus. An exact match in name and the order that the authors are listed must be made between the author list in the Paragon Plus entries and the submitted manuscript. Additionally, the names, affiliations, and e-mail addresses of six suggested expert reviewers must be provided. These suggested reviewers must not be affiliated with the institutions of any of the co-authors. Submissions failing to meet these requirements will be un-submitted by the editorial office. In response to the request for revision from the Editor, authors must also submit final, accepted manuscripts via the ACSParagon Plus Environment. The platforms and word processing packages supported in the ACS Paragon Plus Environment are listed in the Energy & Fuels Web edition home page via http://pubs.acs.org/journal/enfuem. Articles in Energy & Fuels are separated by subsection. Authors should select a subsection from one of the following subsections for manuscripts to be published as Articles: Fossil Fuels, Biofuels and Biomass, Environmental and Carbon Dioxide Issues, Efficiency and Sustainability, Catalysis and Kinetics, Combustion, Fuel Cells, Batteries and Energy Storage, and Process Engineering. If a subsection is not selected by the author, the Editor will make the selection. The special issue selection is by invitation only. This category is reserved for papers that have been presented at the specifically designated conference that will be grouped for publication in Energy & Fuels. Authors in this category will have received an invitation from the Editor or the Editor’s designee. Authors will be sent a message by e-mail acknowledging receipt of the manuscript. 1

ORCID All authors are encouraged to register for an ORCID iD, a unique researcher identifier. With this standard identifier, you can create a profile of your research activities to distinguish yourself from other researchers with similar names, and make it easier for your colleagues to find your publications. Learn more at http://www.orcid.org. Authors and reviewers can add their ORCID iD to, or register for an ORCID iD from, their account in ACS Paragon Plus. Submitting authors have the option to provide existing ORCID iDs for coauthors during submission, but they cannot create new ORCID iDs for coauthors.

Journal Publishing Agreement A properly completed and signed Journal Publishing Agreement must be submitted for each manuscript. ACS Paragon Plus provides an electronic version of the Agreement that will be available on the My Authoring Activity tab of the Corresponding Author's Home page once the manuscript has been assigned to an Editor. A PDF version of the Agreement is also available, but Authors are strongly encouraged to use the electronic Journal Publishing Agreement. If the PDF version is used, all pages of the signed PDF Agreement must be submitted. If the Corresponding Author cannot or should not complete either the electronic or PDF version for any reason, another Author should complete and sign the PDF version of the form. Forms and complete instructions are available at http://pubs.acs.org/page/copyright/journals/index.html.

Cover Letter A letter must accompany the manuscript. The letter must contain the postal address, telephone number, fax number, and e-mail address of the author submitting the manuscript and a list of six suggested reviewers, their affiliations, and their e-mail addresses. The author submitting the manuscript is the (one) author to whom all correspondence will be sent while the manuscript is under consideration and to whom the proofs will be sent if the manuscript is accepted for publication, unless another author is specifically designated in the cover letter accompanying the submission. This author assumes the responsibility of corresponding with all of the co-authors of the paper. A mechanism is provided on the submission website for including an electronic cover letter to the Editor.

Conflict of Interest Disclosure A statement describing any financial conflicts of interest or lack thereof is published with each manuscript. During the submission process, the corresponding author must provide this statement on behalf of all authors of the manuscript. The statement should describe all potential sources of bias, including affiliations, funding sources, and financial or management relationships, that may constitute conflicts of interest (please see the ACS Ethical Guidelines). The statement will be published in the final article. If no conflict of interest is declared, the following statement will be published in the article: “The authors declare no competing financial interest.”

Funding Sources 2

When submitting a manuscript to the Journal via ACS Paragon Plus, the submitting author is asked to identify the funding sources for the work presented in the manuscript. Identifying funding sources is optional during submission of an original manuscript. Funding source information is required when a revised manuscript is submitted.

Author List During manuscript submission, the submitting author must provide contact information (full name, email address, institutional affiliation and mailing address) for all of the co-authors. Because all of the author names are automatically imported into the electronic Journal Publishing Agreement, the names must be entered into ACS Paragon Plus in the same sequence as they appear on the first page of the manuscript. (Note that co-authors are not required to register in ACS Paragon Plus.) The author who submits the manuscript for publication accepts the responsibility of notifying all co-authors that the manuscript is being submitted. Deletion of an author after the manuscript has been submitted requires a confirming letter to the Editor-in-Chief from the author whose name is being deleted. For more information on ethical responsibilities of authors, see the Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research. In publishing only original research, ACS is committed to deterring plagiarism, including selfplagiarism. ACS Publications uses CrossCheck's iThenticate software to screen submitted manuscripts for similarity to published material. Note that your manuscript may be screened during the submission process. Further information about plagiarism can be found in Part B of the Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research.

Assistance with English Language Editing Authors may want to have their manuscripts edited professionally before submission to improve clarity. The ACS ChemWorx English Editing Service can assist you in improving and polishing the language in your manuscript. You can learn more about the services offered, at http://es.acschemworx.acs.org.

Just Accepted Manuscripts Just Accepted manuscripts are peer-reviewed, accepted manuscripts that are posted on the ACS Publications website prior to technical editing, formatting for publication, and author proofing, usually within 30 minutes to 24 hours of acceptance by the editorial office. During the manuscript submission process, Authors can choose to have their manuscript posted online as a Just Accepted manuscript. To ensure rapid delivery of the accepted manuscript to the Web, Authors must adhere carefully to all requirements in the journal’s Author Guidelines. For further information, please refer to the Just Accepted FAQ, accessible from http://help.acs.org. Note that publishing a manuscript as Just Accepted is not a means by which to comply with the NIH Public Access Mandate.

Patent Activities and Intellectual Property Issues Authors are responsible for ensuring that all patent activities and intellectual property issues are satisfactorily resolved prior to first publication (Just Accepted, ASAP, or in issue). Acceptance and publication will not be delayed for pending or unresolved issues of this nature.

ACS AuthorChoice Open Access 3

ACS AuthorChoice options establish fee-based mechanisms for authors or their research funding agencies to sponsor the open availability of final published articles on the Web. ACS AuthorChoice offers authors a wide range of open access license options, such as Creative Commons licenses and provisions for immediate or 12-month embargoed open access, and includes ACS Certified Deposit. Authors will find useful information about compliance with open access policies available here and FAQs here. Corresponding authors who published with ACS during 2014 may have access to ACS Author Rewards, a $60M stimulus program ACS provided to help authors transition to new open access publishing models. Authors must sign the Journals Publishing Agreement. Forms and complete instructions are available here. After acceptance, authors will be presented with the opportunity to purchase an ACS AuthorChoice option, and authors who do so will be presented with the appropriate license at that time. For a review of all license options available, see here. For questions or further assistance with ACS AuthorChoice, please reach out to [email protected].

Proofs and Reprints The corresponding author of an accepted manuscript will receive e-mail notification and complete instructions when page proofs are available for review via a secure Web site. Galley proofs and reprint order forms are provided directly to the author who submitted the manuscript. The attention of the authors is directed to the instructions that accompany the proof, especially the requirement that all corrections, revisions, and additions be entered on the proof and not on the manuscript. Routine rephrasing of sentences or additions are not permitted at the page proof stage. Alterations should be restricted to serious changes in interpretation or corrections of data. Extensive or important changes on page proofs, including changes to the title or list of authors, are subject to Editorial review. It is the responsibility of the corresponding author to ensure that all authors listed on the manuscript agree with the changes made on the proofs. Galley proofs should be returned within 48 h of receipt to ensure timely publication of the manuscript.

ASAP Publication Accepted manuscripts will be published on the “Articles ASAP” page on the Journal Web site as soon as page proofs are corrected and all author concerns are resolved. Publication on the Web usually occurs within 1–4 working days of receipt of page proof corrections, and this can be anywhere from 3 to 6 weeks in advance of the cover date of the issue. Manuscripts assigned to a special issue often remain published ASAP for several months. The actual date on which an accepted paper is published on the Web is recorded on the Web version of the manuscript and on the first page of the PDF version.

Preparation of Manuscripts Authors are encouraged to prepare manuscripts using the template available on the Web. If the author chooses not to use the template, the text of the manuscript should be double spaced. All pages must be numbered. Authors should consult recent issues of Energy & Fuels and The ACS 4

Style Guide, 3rd ed. (2006); Oxford University Press, Order Department, 201 Evans Road, Cary, NC 27513, for format guidance. Any author who is not fluent in idiomatic English is urged to obtain assistance with manuscript preparation from a colleague fluent in English or the ACS ChemWorx English Editing Service to facilitate the scientific review and editorial processes. Papers should normally be divided into the following sections: Introduction, Experimental Section, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments, and References, not necessarily in that order. Subheadings should be avoided if possible. Side headings should be paragraph indented, followed by a period, and run into the following text. All pages of a manuscript should be numbered consecutively, including pages containing tables and figures, which should be grouped at the end of the manuscript. The name of the author who may receive inquiries about the paper should be marked with an asterisk. A footnote giving this author’s complete mailing address may be included if this address is different from that contained in the heading of the paper. Please provide current and complete e-mail addresses and fax numbers if available. Notes citing theses, indicating earlier publication in preliminary form, or acknowledging financial support should be brief and combined under one number if possible. Manuscripts prepared with the software packages listed below will be used for production, providing the following guidelines are observed. Failure to adhere to the following instructions may prevent all or part of the material supplied on disk from being used in production. When preparing a manuscript, use the document mode or its equivalent in the word-processing program; i.e., do not save files in “Text Only” (ASCII) mode. If a non-Western version of the word-processing software was used to prepare the manuscript, save the file in rich text format (RTF). Do not include any page-layout instructions such as placement information for graphics in the file. The text should be left-justified, and automatic end-of-line hyphenation should be turned off. Use carriage returns only to end headings and paragraphs, not to break lines of text. Do not insert spaces before punctuation. References must conform to the format printed in the journal. Ensure that all characters are correctly represented throughout the manuscript: for example, 1 (one) and l (ell), 0 (zero) and O (oh), x (ex) and × (times sign). Check the final copy carefully for consistent notation and correct spelling. The conversion program will faithfully translate any errors to the typeset copy. All text (including the title page, abstract, all sections of the body of the paper, figure captions, scheme and chart titles and footnotes, and references) and tabular material should be in one file, with the complete text first, followed by the tabular material. It is best to use the fonts “Times” and “Symbol”. Other fonts, particularly those that do not come bundled with the system software, may not translate properly. Ensure that all special characters (e.g., Greek characters, math symbols, etc.) are present in the body of the text as characters and not as graphic representations. Consult the documentation for the specific software package being used on how to detect the presence of graphics in the files, and replace them with the appropriate text characters.

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As additional features become available, these instructions will be updated on the ACS website. Publication information can be found at http://pubs.acs.org; select “Journals A–Z”, then select this journal’s title, and then select “Submission and Review”.

Currently Acceptable Word Processing Packages For a list of currently acceptable word processing packages, please refer to the guidelines given at http://pubs.acs.org/page/4authors/submission/software.html. LaTeX users should follow the guidelines given at http://pubs.acs.org/page/4authors/submission/tex.html. Authors who submit manuscripts composed in TeX/LaTeX should submit a PDF file of the manuscript along with the native TeX/LaTeX manuscript package as a ZIP Archive. Use of the freely available achemso style package to help prepare your submission is strongly encouraged. The achemso package provides the official macros (achemso.cls) and BibTeX styles (achemso.bst and biochem.bst) for submission to ACS journals. The package and instructions are available from CTAN, the Comprehensive TeX Archive Network. For complete information on submitting TeX/LaTeX files, see Preparing and Submitting Manuscripts Using TeX/LaTeX..

Nomenclature Nomenclature should be consistent and unambiguous and conform with current American usage. As much as possible, authors should use systematic names similar to those used by Chemical Abstracts Service and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Chemical Abstracts (CA) nomenclature rules are described in Appendix IV of the Chemical Abstracts Index Guide. For CA nomenclature advice, consult the Manager of Nomenclature Services, Chemical Abstracts Service, P.O. Box 3012, Columbus, OH 43210-0012. A name generation service is available for a fee through CAS Client Services, 2540 Olentangy River Road, P.O. Box 3343, Columbus, OH 43210-0334. Telephone: (614) 447-3870. Fax: (614) 447-3747. Email: [email protected].

Abbreviations Abbreviations will follow the conventions outlined in The ACS Style Guide (American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1997). They are rarely followed by periods. Fractions should be written with a slant line so that only a single line of type is required. Greek or unusual characters should be written plainly or explained in annotations. The dimensions should be specified for all numerical quantities. Insofar as possible, all rate constants should use seconds as the unit of time, energies of infrared peaks should be expressed in wavenumbers (cm–1), and NMR chemical shift data should be expressed on a ppm basis and the standard used should be specified. Symbols in mathematical equations must be defined.

References and Notes Literature citations and notes must be numbered in one consecutive series (except for those in tables; see below) by order of mention in the text. Reference numbers in the text should be given as unparenthesized superscripts. The references and notes should be typed double spaced in a list at the end of the manuscript. References to material not generally available to the scientific public should be avoided. Journal abbreviations should conform to those used in the Chemical 6

Abstracts Service Source Index (1907-2004) and its supplements. Literature references should be arranged and punctuated as shown below. (1) Doe, J. S.; Smith, G. P.; Roe, P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 8234-8265. (2) Smith, G. P. Textbook of Organic Chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1972; pp 128-132. The accuracy of the references is essential and is the responsibility of the author. Because subscribers to the Web edition of the journal are now able to click on the “CAS” tag following each reference to retrieve the corresponding abstract at Chemical Abstracts Service, reference accuracy is critical.

Citing by DOI For work published online (ASAP) and work submitted for publication (e.g., submitted; in press), the DOI should be furnished in addition to the standard bibliographic information. Authors are given instruction for citing work by DOI in an email communication when manuscript proofs are made available. A DOI is assigned to each manuscript and should be in the form http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef000000a. DOI is an accepted form of citation before and after the article appears in an issue.

Tables Tables may be created using a word processor’s text mode or table format feature. The table format feature is preferred. Ensure each data entry is in its own table cell. If the text mode is used, separate the columns with a single tab and use a line feed (return) at the end of each row. Tables should be numbered consecutively and should be grouped at the end of the manuscript. Use Arabic numbering for tables (and schemes and charts). If possible, they should be designed to occupy either a full column (50-75 characters and spaces) or the full width of a page (110-150 spaces). The descriptive heading and column heads should be as brief as possible, consistent with making the table as self-explanatory as possible. Arrangements which result in much blank space or repetitive entries should be avoided, and care should be taken to minimize the depth of the table. Footnotes in tables should be given a letter designation and cited in the table by a superscript letter. If a reference is cited in the table and the text, use the lettered footnote in the table to refer to the numbered footnote in the text.

Guidelines for Illustrations in ACS Journals To facilitate the publication process, please submit manuscript graphics using the following guidelines: 1) The preferred submission procedure is to embed graphic files in a Word document. It may help to print the manuscript on a laser printer to ensure all artwork is clear and legible. 2) Additional acceptable file formats are: TIFF, PDF, EPS (vector artwork) or CDX (ChemDraw file). If submitting individual graphic files in addition to them being embedded in a Word document, ensure the files are named based on graphic function (i.e. 7

Scheme 1, Figure 2, Chart 3), not the scientific name. Labeling of all figure parts should be present and the parts should be assembled into a single graphic. 

EPS files: Ensure that all fonts are converted to outlines or embedded in the graphic file. The document settings should be in RGB mode. NOTE: While EPS files are accepted, the vector-based graphics will be rasterized for production. Please see below for TIFF file production resolutions.

3) TIFF files (either embedded in a Word doc or submitted as individual files) should have the following resolution requirements: -

Black & White line art: 1200 dpi

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Grayscale art (a monochromatic image containing shades of gray): 600 dpi

-

Color art (RGB color mode): 300 dpi



The RGB and resolution requirements are essential for producing high-quality graphics within the published manuscript. Graphics submitted in CMYK or at lower resolutions may be used, however, the colors may not be consistent and graphics of poor quality may not be able to be improved.



Most graphic programs provide an option for changing the resolution when you are saving the image. Best practice is to save the graphic file at the final resolution and size using the program used to create the graphic.

4) Graphics should be sized at the final production size when possible. Single column graphics are preferred and can be sized up to 240 points wide (3.33 in.). Double column graphics must be sized between 300 and 504 points (4.167 in. and 7 in.). All graphics have a maximum depth of 660 points (9.167 in.) including the caption (please allow 12 pts for each line of caption text). 

Consistently sizing letters and labels in graphics throughout your manuscript will help ensure consistent graphic presentation for publication.

5) For more information, please visit http://pubs.acs.org/page/4authors/submission/index.html.

Formulas and Equations These should as far as possible be arranged to fill the width of a single or double column. Subscripts and superscripts should be written with care, and all exponents should be linearized, as in e–60/RT. Organic structural formulas should fill space economically. Do not use structures when a simple formula will suffice. Place formulas on a single line when possible, as in (CH3)2NCH2CONH2. It is important that all formulas be carefully arranged and executed, with special attention to correctness of symbols, location of subscripts, superscripts, and electric 8

charges, and the placing and close join-up of single and multiple bond lines. Phenyl groups should be shown as C6H5 or Ph, not as . All furnished art must be complete.

Spectra Spectra consume much valuable space when fully reproduced and should be included only when essential. Concise numerical summaries are preferred, but it is recognized that these are often unsuitable when dealing with complex materials. Spectra used only for characterization may be submitted for publication as Supporting Information.

Safety Considerations Special attention should be directed to safety considerations such as explosive tendencies, special precautionary handling procedures, and toxicity. Precautions for handling dangerous material or for performing hazardous procedures should be explicitly stated.

Supporting Information General Considerations Material that is not needed for reading the paper but which should be available to document experiments or calculations for future researchers should be put into the Supporting Information. This material may include tables, illustrations, derivations, experimental procedures, analytical and spectral characterization data, spectra, modeling coordinates and programs, and crystallographic information files. The Supporting Information may also include additional material or discussion that is primarily of interest to specialized readers. If the manuscript is accompanied by any supporting information for publication, a brief description of the supplementary material is required in the manuscript. The appropriate format is: Supporting Information. Brief statement in nonsentence format listing the contents of the material supplied as Supporting Information. Supporting Information must be submitted at the same time as the manuscript and uploaded separately to the ACS Paragon Plus Environment. A list of acceptable file types is available on the Web. All Supporting Information files of the same type should be prepared as a single file (rather than submitting a series of files containing individual images or structures). For example, all Supporting Information available as PDF files should be contained in one PDF file. DO NOT UPLOAD FIGURES AND TABLES THAT ARE TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE ARTICLE INTO THE SUPPORTING INFORMATION FILE. Authors are encouraged to make use of Supporting Information in the interest of shorter Articles, not only to save space but also to create more focused presentations. Test and tabular material should be double-spaced; graphics should be saved at a resolution that allows clear viewing over the Web. The templates available for preparing Articles may also be 9

used for producing Supporting Information. The page size should be (U.S. Letter) 22×28 cm, and the readable material should be aligned parallel with the 22 cm dimension wherever possible. All pages should be numbered consecutively starting with page S1. Material deposited as Supporting Information is considered to be part of the publication and should not be submitted for republication as part of a future paper. The Supporting Information will be made available free of charge on the Web.

Submission Supporting Information must be submitted at the same time as the manuscript. A list of acceptable electronic file types for Supporting Information is given on the website: http://pubs.acs.org/page/4authors/submission/software.html. All Supporting Information files of the same type should be prepared as a single file (rather than submitting a series of files containing individual images or structures). For example, all Supporting Information available as PDF files should be contained in one PDF file. Whenever possible, all text and graphics in the Supporting Information should be consolidated into a single word-processing file. A copy of the Article template may be used to facilitate inserting graphics.

ACS Policies for E-prints and Reprints Under the ACS Articles on Request policy, the Society will provide (free of charge) to all contributing authors a unique URL within the ACS Web site that they may e-mail to colleagues or post on external Web sites. These author-directed links are designed to facilitate distribution of an author’s published work to interested colleagues in lieu of direct distribution of the PDF file by the author. The ACS Articles on Request policy allows 50 downloads within the first year after web publication and unlimited access via the same author-directed links 12 months after web publication. When authors are sent the proof of their paper, they will receive a link to a website where they may order author reprints. They may also Cierant Corporation – 866-305-0111 from 9AM to 5PM EST. Reprints will be shipped within 2 weeks after the issue publication date. Neither the Editors nor the Washington ACS Office keeps a supply of reprints; requests for single copies of papers should be addressed to the corresponding author of the paper concerned.

Additions and Corrections Additions and Corrections may be used to address important issues or correct errors and omissions of consequence that arise after publication of an article. Additions and Corrections may be requested by the author(s) or initiated by the Editor after discussions with the corresponding author. Readers who detect errors of consequence in the work of others should contact the corresponding author of that work. All Additions and Corrections are subject to approval by the Editor, and minor corrections and additions will not be published. Additions and Corrections from authors should be submitted via the ACS Paragon Plus environment by the corresponding author for publication in the “Addition/Correction” section of the Journal. The corresponding author should obtain approval from all of the article co-authors prior to submitting an Addition and Correction or provide evidence that such approval has been solicited. The Addition and Correction should include the original article title and author list, citation including 10

DOI, and details of the correction. For proper formatting, see examples in a current issue of the Journal.

Retractions Articles may be retracted for scientific or ethical reasons. Articles that contain seriously flawed or erroneous data such that their findings and conclusions cannot be relied upon may be retracted to correct the scientific record. Retractions may be requested by the article author(s) or by the journal Editor(s) but are ultimately published at the discretion of the Editor. When an article is retracted, a notice of Retraction will be published containing information about the original article title, author list, and the reason for the Retraction. Retracted articles will be accompanied by the related Retraction notice and will be marked as “Retracted”. The originally published article will remain on the web except in extraordinary circumstances (e.g. where deemed legally necessary or if the availability of the published content poses public health risks). The American Chemical Society follows guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) when considering retractions; for more information see: http://publicationethics.org/. All of these instructions are available at http://pubs.acs.org; select “Journals A–Z”, then select this journal’s title, and then select “Submission and Review”. The most recent version of this Notice to Authors is available at http://pubs.acs.org.

List of Links Author & Reviewer Resource Center

http://pubs.acs.org/4authors

ACS Paragon Plus Submission site

http://paragonplus.acs.org/login

Generic Author & Reviewer Instructions (Specifications for Graphics, Acceptable Software, & TeX/LaTeX)

http://paragonplus.acs.org

Journal-Specific Instructions Overview

http://pubs.acs.org/page/enfuem/submission/index.html

Journal-Specific Information for Authors

http://pubs.acs.org/page/enfuem/submission/authors.html

ACS Services & Policies

http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/index.html

Journal Publishing Agreement

http://pubs.acs.org/page/copyright/journals/index.html

Permissions/Rightslink

http://pubs.acs.org/page/copyright/permissions.html

Ethical Guidelines

http://pubs.acs.org/ethics

AuthorChoice

http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/authorchoice/index.html

Information for ACS Authors about the NIH Public Access Policy Mandate

http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/nih/index.html

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ACS Articles on Request (Electronic Reprints)

http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/articlesonrequest/index.html

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