analysis was performed using MEGA software version 6.06 ... Spearman rank and Mann-Whitney U tests were per- formed to assess ... Long-term monitoring of the preva- ..... Li L, Phan TG, Nguyen TA, Kim KS, Seo JK, Shimizu H, Suzuki E,.
Environ Sci Pollut Res DOI 10.1007/s11356-014-4000-7
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Prevalence, quantification, and typing of human adenoviruses detected in river water in Taiwan Zhon-Min Huang & Bing-Mu Hsu & Po-Min Kao & Tien-Yu Chang & Tsui-Kang Hsu & Ying-Ning Ho & Yi-Chun Yang & Yu-Li Huang
Received: 24 October 2014 / Accepted: 12 December 2014 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
Abstract The prevalence of human adenoviruses (HAdV) in river waters was investigated in this study. Water samples were collected from 13 rivers in Taiwan, concentrated, and assessed for the presence of HAdVs using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Human AdV positive samples were then subjected to real-time PCR (qPCR) to quantify the viral genomes and further subjected to primer-based genotyping to identify the various serotypes present. For each water sample, several water quality parameters were evaluated, including heterotrophic plate count, total coliform, Escherichia coli,
Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues
water temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen. Among the 13 rivers examined, four rivers (30.8 %) were found to contain HAdVs. The major genotype was F species HAdV serotype 41. The mean HAdVs concentrations ranged from 6.10×102 to 8.51×102 copies/L. No significant differences were observed between the presence of HAdVs, and all of the water quality parameters evaluated (heterotrophic plate count, total coliform, E. coli, water temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen). Given the potential health risks posed by the presence of enteric viruses in environmental waters, further assessment is desirable with respect to possible sources, virus transport, and survival of viruses in the aquatic environment.
Equal contribution to the first author: Po-Min Kao, Tien-Yu Chang, and Tsui-Kang Hsu Z.
