Proceedings of National Conference on Recent Trends in Modern Electronics and its Applications (NC-RTMEA 2013), March 7-8, 2013
An Approach to Absorb CO2 Emitted from Mobile Phones R.Manoharan 1, B.Rajmohan 2, R.Kavitha 3, Student Department of Information Technology, Department of computer Science Engineering, Adhiparasakthi Engineering College, Anna University, Melmaruvathur, Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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[email protected] Abstract— Now days, due to the increase in electronic devices the emission of the CO2 is even more increased. Electronic devices emit co2 due to the consumption of charge by the silicon chips. CO2 has a continuum of effects that range from physiologic to toxic, anesthetic, and lethal. The effects of CO2 in a specific individual depend on the concentration and duration of exposure as well as individual factors, such as age, health, physiologic make-up, physical activity, occupation, and lifestyle. There are more than a billion people who use cell phones. Cell phones emit CO2 and it reduces the human life span. Our approach is to overcome this problem by absorbing the emitted CO2 before it reaches the environment. Index Terms— component; Green Computing; C02 absorption; lime crystals;
I. INTRODUCTION In this modern and fast moving world, it has become basic necessity to be aware of one’s safety. On one side due to the increase of the vehicles and industries the level of the co2 in atmosphere is increased. On the other side due to the increase of the electronic devices CO2 is even more increased. Unlike vehicles, electronic devices have close contact with the human (eg.cellphone). With high-level CO2 exposure, the displacement of O2 by CO2 significantly contributes to toxicity. Signs of asphyxia are evident when the atmospheric O2 is ≤16% [1]. Almost immediate unconsciousness leading to death occurs in humans at rest when the O2 is reduced to 10 to 13%. Strenuous physical exertion increases the threshold [2]. II. WHAT IS GREEN COMPUTING Green computing is the term used to denote efficient use of resources in computing. This term generally relates to the use of computing resources in conjunction with minimizing environmental impact, maximizing economic viability and ensuring social duties. Green computing is very much related to other similar movements like reducing the use of environmentally hazardous materials like CFCs, promoting the use of recyclable materials, minimizing use of nonbiodegradable components, and encouraging use of sustainable resources. One of the spin-offs of green computing is EPEAT or Electronic Products Environmental Assessment Tool. EPEAT products serve to increase the efficiency and life of computing
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products. Moreover, these products are designed to minimize energy expenditures, minimize maintenance activities throughout the life of the product and allow the re-use or recycling of some materials. Green computing, the study and practice of efficient and eco-friendly computing resources, is now under the attention of not only environmental organizations, but also businesses from other industries. In recent years, companies in the computer industry have come to realize that going green is in their best interest, both in terms of public relations and reduced costs. This article will take a look at several green initiatives currently under way in the computer industry, as well as issues that have been raised regarding these initiatives. We will also have a talk with VIA to learn more about the future of green computing. One of the first manifestations of the green computing movement was the launch of the ENERGY STAR program back in 1992. Energy Star served as a kind of voluntary label awarded to computing products that succeeded in minimizing use of energy while maximizing efficiency. Energy Star applied to products like computer monitors, television sets and temperature control devices like refrigerators, air conditioners, and similar items. One of the first results of green computing was the Sleep mode function of computer monitors which places a consumer's electronic equipment on standby mode when a pre-set period of time passes when user activity is not detected. As the concept developed, green computing began to encompass thin client solutions, energy cost accounting, virtualization practices, eWaste, etc. Currently, one of the popular green computing groups is tactical increment lists. This group applies and uses green computing philosophies mainly to save up on costs rather than save the environment. This green computing concept emerged naturally as businesses find themselves under pressure to maximize resources in order to compete effectively in the market. This movement arose mainly from economic sentiments rather than political pressure. Some common green computing practices include turning off the monitor when it's not in use or using more energy efficient monitors like LCDs instead of the traditional CRT monitors, volunteer computing or file sharing practices, virtualization of servers, using more energy efficient and less noisy cooling systems (like using liquid cooling systems instead of the conventional heat sinks and fans), temperature maintenance and regulation to reduce thermal shock wear and
Proceedings of National Conference on Recent Trends in Modern Electronics and its Applications (NCRTMEA 2013), March 7-8, 2013 tear to computer parts, and increased online security measures through the use of firewalls, anti-spyware and antivirus programs to reduce the increasing amount of eWaste on the Internet and on other networks.
organization can reduce their energy footprint maintaining required levels of computing performance.
while
So why should a company promote green, or energy efficient computing?
Strategic Leaders take into account the social and environmental impacts of new and emerging technologies. Aside from minimizing costs, this particular movement also takes into account other factors such as marketing and branding. Unlike the position held by tactical incrementalists, strategic leaders recognize the need to overhaul some existing policies or structural makeup of the organization. This can be seen in recent efforts to make IT personnel directly responsible for managing, minimizing and ensuring efficient energy expenditures.
Climate Change: First and foremost, conclusive research shows that CO2 and other emissions are causing global climate and environmental damage.
Preserving the planet is a valid goal because it aims to preserve life.
Planets like ours, that supports life, are very rare. None of the planets in our solar system, or in nearby star systems have m-class planets as we know them.
Green computing or green IT, refers to environmentally sustainable computing or IT. In the article Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices, San Murugesan defines the field of green computing as "the study and practice of designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems— efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment." The goals of green computing are similar to green chemistry; reduce the use of hazardous materials, maximize energy efficiency during the product's lifetime, and promote the recyclability or biodegradability of defunct products and factory waste. Research continues into key areas such as making the use of computers as energy-efficient as possible, and designing algorithms and systems for efficiencyrelated computer technologies.
Savings: Green computing can lead to serious cost savings over time. Reductions in energycosts from servers, cooling, and lighting are generating serious savings for many corporations.
Reliability of Power: As energy demands in the world go up, energy supply is declining or flat.
Energy efficient systems helps ensure healthy power systems. Also, more companies are generating more of their own electricity, which further motivates them to keep power consumption low.
Computing Power Consumption has Reached a Critical Point: Data centers have run out of usable power and cooling due to high densities.
The IEEE TCSC Technical Area of "Green Computing" is interested in hardware implementations, algorithms, tools, services, and applications that can make computing systems more environmental respect, for example, by reducing power consumption, CO2 emission. The computing systems interested here include chip, hard disk, desktop/laptop, server, network switch/router, SAN, RAID and other storage system, cluster, rack, data center, Grids and Clouds [3]. III. WHY GO GREEN? Green computing is a very hot topic these days, not only because of rising energy costs and potential savings, but also due to the impact on the environment. Energy to manufacture, store, operate, and cool computing systems has grown significantly in the recent years, primarily due to the volume of systems and computing that companies now heavily rely upon. Computing power consumption of companies has reached a critical point. For example, an Ecommerce business with 100,000 servers can easily spend up to $20 million a year on server power. Add another $10 million for a/c cooling and it tops $30 million a year in power alone. Clearly there is a huge potential for savings in their infrastructure. Despite the huge surge in computing power demands, there are many existing technologies and methods by which significant savings can be made. This series is dedicated to the ways a typical
IV.ENERGY USE OF PC’S CPU uses 120 Watts, CRT uses 150 Watts. 8 hours of usage, 5 days a week = 562 KWatts if the computer is left on all the time without proper power saver modes, this can lead to 1,600 KWatts for a large institution, say a university of 40,000 students and faculty, the power bill for just computers can come to $2 million / year. Energy use comes from electrical current to run the CPU, motherboard, memory running the fan and spinning the disk(s). Monitor (CRTs consume more power than any other computer component) printers. V.REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION Turn off the computer when not in use, even if just for an hour and turn off the monitor when not in use (as opposed to running a screen saver). Use power saver mode in power saver mode, the top item is not necessary, but screen savers use as much electricity as any normal processing, and the screen saver is not necessary on a flat panel display. Use hardware/software with the Energy Star label. Energy Star is a “seal of approval” by the Energy Star organization of the government (the EPA). Don’t print unless necessary and you are ready. Use LCDs instead of CRTs as they are more power efficient.
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Proceedings of National Conference on Recent Trends in Modern Electronics and its Applications (NCRTMEA 2013), March 7-8, 2013 VI.AN APPROACH TO ABSORB CO2 LIME CRYSTALS Soda lime, white or grayish white granular mixture of calcium hydroxide with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. Soda lime absorbs carbon dioxide and water vapor and deteriorates rapidly unless kept in airtight containers. Medically, soda lime is used to absorb carbon dioxide in basal metabolism tests and in rebreathing anesthesia systems. In gas masks it is an absorbent for toxic gases. It is used in laboratories as a drying agent. A highly corrosive poison, soda lime severely damages the gastrointestinal tract if swallowed and may cause death [4]. Lime Crystals basically absorb co2 in a considerable amount. Now days all the electronic devices including cellphones emits CO2. This emission reducing the human life span, said a survey conducted by a university in New York. So implementing a new technology is hardly possible. Instead of creating a new technology to reduce the CO2 effects, appending a device with the existing technology is wiser. Because today in world 60% of the people using cellphones. So it’s better to create a technology which can be adaptable to the existing one rather than totally creating a new one. For this lime crystal rods are used. Lime crystal (Cao), Carbon dioxide (C02) Cao+C02-> CaCo3 (Calcium Carbonate) For author/s of only one affiliation (Heading 3): To change the default, adjust the template as follows. VII.CO2 ABSORBTION IN MOBILE PHONES Fine lime crystal rods are placed at the cellphone panel (stick) inside near the battery or like a touch screen stick it can be placed in a separate compartment inside the cellphone which directly contacts with the internal board.
ADVANTAGES
Human Life Span is expected to be increased. Vulnerability of the future generation is considerably reduced. Global warming is reduced. Eco friendly goods will start to arise using this technology. People will have their protection guard in their hand itself. This technology will be a pioneer in the field of co2 absorption from electronic items. If this project became success means it will create a revolution and extraordinary change in the world.
LIMITATIONS
Regular replacement of the Cao rods is needed. E-waste disposal is a major problem in this modern world. After the formation of the CaCo3 it should not exposed to heat or water which again emit co2. So it has to be handled with care and properly disposed. The best disposal method is to bury the Caco3 in underground REFERENCES Hazardous Substances Databank (HSDB) (2003). A database of the National Library of Medicine’s TOXNET system. . [2] C.L. Schauf, D.F. Moffett, and S.B. Moffett. Human Physiology. St. Louis, MO: Times Mirror/Mosby College Publishing, 1990, pp. 436. [3] http://gcclab.org/tagc/greencomputing.html. [4] http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/551993/soda-lime. [1]
Even though cell phones emit less amount of CO2, the effects it have on humans are high in long period.
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