proceedings - PORSEC - NorthWest Research Associates

OCEANIC MANIFESTATION OF GLOBAL CHANGES

P

RSEC 200 RSEC 200

Guangzhou, China, Dec 2 - 6, 2008

PROCEEDINGS

9th Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference (PORSEC2008) Oceanic Manifestation of Global Chnages Program, Abstracts & Tutorial

South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences http://ledweb.scsio.ac.cn/porsec2008/index.asp Copyright © PORSEC2008

December 2- 6, 2008 Guangzhou, China

Contents Table Welcome Messages ··············································································································· i Committees ····························································································································· iii Sponsors ···································································································································· v Time Table ······························································································································ vii Keynote Speech··················································································································· viii Program····································································································································· ix Abstract Contents ·············································································································· xxii ThemeⅠ

Satellite Observation System ·························································· 1

ThemeⅡ

Global Change ······················································································19

ThemeⅢ

Natural Hazard ······················································································35

ThemeⅣ

Coastal Environment··········································································44

ThemeⅤ

Workshop ································································································58

Poster Session ················································································································64 Remote Sensing Tutorial Workshop ············································································83 Participants of Remote Sensing Tutorial Workshop ·············································85 Author index ···························································································································87 List of Participants ···············································································································91 Additional Participants (on-site registration) ·························································105 Local Preparatory Committee ·······················································································106 Winners of PORSEC2008 Poster Prizes ··································································107 Group Photo ··························································································································109 Acknowledgements ···········································································································110

Welcome Messages Message from Si Zhang

Message from

Executive Deputy Director South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

DanLing TANG Chairman of PORSEC2008 Ladies and Gentlemen,

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Dear Participants in the Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference 2008,

I am very pleased to warmly welcome all of you to the Ninth Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference PORSEC 2008, held in Guangzhou, China.

On behalf of the PORSEC2008 organizer, it is my great pleasure to welcome all of you to the 9th Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference. With the overall theme of this conference “Oceanic Manifestation of Global Changes”, we have 17 sessions, 2 workshops, and 3 poster sessions. With your support and contributions, we have received about 400 registrations from 36 different countries/regions. 230 abstracts have been invited for oral presentations, and 80 abstracts for poster presentations. 12 Professors have made great contribution to our pro-conference workshop “Remote sensing tutorial workshop”, where we have more then 50 participants from at home and abroad.

I would like to take this opportunity to introduce to all of you the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Our institute, the SCSIO, founded in January 1959, is one of the largest marine research institutes in China. It is featured by various research fields related to marine sciences with a postdoctoral research station and diverse Ph.D. degree programs. It will be the 50th birthday of our institute in 8 Jan 2009, and to our great honor, the opening of PORSEC 2008 is a wonderful prelude to celebrate the 50th anniversary of our institute. Thank you, ladies and gentlemen, for your attendance, for making this honor a reality. .

This gathering of scientists and experts of remote sensing and ocean science marks a closer mutual cooperation among the nations to exchange marine science and technological advances, to share expertise and experience, and to upgrade human resources. I hope that through this conference, international cooperation may be extended among marine science and remote sensing community to bring our nations together to overcome challenges.

I am very glad that the conference draws the attention of the scientists and experts in the field of remote sensing and ocean sciences to China. This conference provides a very good opportunity for us to share ideas and accomplishments, and to learn from each other.

I am very glad to have this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to all the chairmen of the committees of PORSEC 2008, and all the session conveners for their support and help from the beginning up to now, to all the sponsors for their generosity. I wish to express my appreciations to all the participants for your interest and attendance! Without your support, we have no PORSEC2008.

We really appreciate all 20 sponsors for this conference, and warmly welcome all scientists, teachers and students from 36 countries / regions. Last but not least, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology is on the south side of the Pearl River, it only takes about 15 minutes by taxi from the conference venue-Baiyun hotel to our institute. You are welcome to visit us.

We had the dream of PORSEC2008 two year ago, now the dream comes true.

Thank you. I wish you a pleasant stay in Guangzhou.

With the Pearl River, Guangzhou is a very beautiful city by the South China Sea. I wish everyone a pleasant and worthwhile experience in Guangzhou! Thank you!

Si Zhang Danling Lingzis Tang

Executive Deputy Director, Professor

Chairman, PORSEC 2008 http://ledweb.scsio.ac.cn/porsec2008/index.asp

South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China

Professor, Remote Sensing and Marine Ecology/Environment (RSMEE) LED South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences http://ledweb.scsio.ac.cn/porsec2008/RSMEE.asp, http://lingzis.51.net/

Nov 18.2008

Nov 18, 2008. Guangzhou i

Message from Kristina Katsaros

Message from Mr Guanhua Xu

President, PORSEC Association

Honorary Chairman of PORSEC2008 Former Minister, Ministry of Science & Technology of China

Dear Participants in the Pan Ocean Remote

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Sensing Conference 2008,

Welcome to the 9th Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference in Guangzhou. Please allow me to take this chance to address all of you issues about the current marine development.

It is a great pleasure to welcome you on behalf of the PORSEC Association. Our organization strives to advance the use of remote sensing for ocean research and applications and particularly strives to share knowledge and technical know-how with colleagues at institutions around the world who are still developing the use of remote sensing. We only meet each other at this remote sensing conference every 2 years, so it is a very special time to renew friendships and make new contacts for our work. Meeting in China in 2008 is very opportune, since so much is happening in this country in remote sensing. Series of satellites are planned both for oceanography and meteorology. We look forward to learning more specifics during PORSEC 2008. We are very grateful to our hosts at the South China Sea Institute of Oceanography and the Local Organizing Committee for their intense and excellent work in preparing for the conference by negotiating the wonderful venue, developing the program and dealing with all the practical needs of the participants. Be sure to attend the PORSEC Assembly on the last day of the conference, and the Special Session on Space Agency Programs and Plans. During the Assembly, we will present the PORSEC Association’s awards, inform about the 2010 conference and share names of new officers and other changes in the organization. When you plan on publishing results presented here during this conference, we hope that you consider the Special Issues dedicated to this conference by the International Journal of Remote Sensing, Journal of Tropical Oceanography, Acta Oceanologica Sinica, and Advances in Earth Science. I look forward with Great Expectations to all the new scientific results that will be presented and debated this week. Sincerely Yours,

Ocean observation systems are under rapid establishment. Major countries are expending their marine activities and developing regional and global ocean observation systems to improve capability of marine monitoring and forecast in order to increase maritime safety. A distinguished feature of ocean science research is to promote scientific development through implementation of major international scientific programs such as CODP, IMBER. Marine environment monitoring tends to become long-term, real-time, continuous, and multiplatform. There are developments in advanced marine monitoring sensors and platforms, regional and global ocean monitoring information systems, real-time and multiplatform monitoring from space, sea surface, water column and seabed, real-time global or regional information product service. Coastal environment degradation causes great concerns. Areas of marine eutrophycation are increasing. Occurrences of harmful algal blooms are more frequent. Coastal ecosystems are under threat. Concentrations of toxic marine pollutants are worsening. Fisheries resources are decreasing. All these facts are alarming to human beings. Developments in mariculture include technology for breeding, disease control, structured cultivating. Marine aquaculture, marine natural product exploitation, marine environment protection have become hot spots for marine biotech development. Progresses have been made in new medicine development, special gene utilization from marine bioresources. In the end, may the conference be a successful and memorable event and best wishes to to each participant for an enjoyable week in Guangzhou. Sincerely yours, Guanhua Xu Academician, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Former Minister, Ministry of Science & Technology of China

Kristina Katsaros President of the PORSEC Association US

China

Nov 18.2008

Keynote Speech Presented at the PORSEC2008 on 3 Dec 2008 Guangzhou, China

ii

Committees Honorary Chair

Guanhua Xu Academician Chinese Academy of Sciences, Former Minister, Ministry of Science & Technology of China

General Chair

General Chair

Danling Tang (Lingzis)

Kristina B. Katsaros

Professor South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Professor The PORSEC Association USA

Scientific Steering Committee Chair Qingxi tong Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Peking University, China Co-chairs W. Timothy Liu Jet Propulsion Laboratory(JPL), Pasadena, CA, USA Frank Muller-Karger School for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, USA Members Victor A. Akulichev Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Leonid Mitnik V.I.Ili'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Russia Satish R. Shetye National Institute of Oceanography, India Hiroshi Kawamura

Tohoku University, Japan Im Sang Oh Seoul National University, South Korea Werner Alpers University of Hamburg, Germany Donald M. Anderson Coastal Ocean Institute, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA Joe Baker Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Australia Mingxia He Former Vice President of the PORSEC; Ocean University of China Kristina B. Katsaros President of the PORSEC Association, USA Danling Tang (Lingzis) South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Program Committee Chair Antony K. Liu Vice President of the PORSEC, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA Co-chairs Vyacheslav B. Lobanov Deputy Director, V.I.Ili'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Russia Naoto Ebuchi Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan Members Dileep Kumar National Institute of Oceanography, India M.A. Lee

iii

Taiwan Ocean University Keun-joo Park Seoul National University, South Korea Hussain Aziz Saleh Ministry of Local Administration and Environment, Damascus, Syria Huasheng Hong Xiamen University, China Xiaohai Yan UD center for Remote Sensing, University of Delaware, USA Louis Legendre Laboratoire d'Oceanographie de Villefranche, France Fangli Qiao The First Institute of Oceanography, SOA, China

Publication Committee Chair Jim Gower Institute of Ocean Sciences, Canada Co-chairs A.P.Cracknell International Journal of Remote Sensing (IJRS) , UK Gad Levy Northwest Research Associates, Bellevue, Washington Division, USA Members Giles Foody University of Nottingham, UK; IJRS

Bill Emery University of Colorado, USA Weigen Huang 2nd Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration (SOA), China. IJRS Akira Shibata Meteorological Research Institute (MRI), Japan Ramesh P.Singh Center for Earth Observing and Space Research, George Mason University, USA Mingsen Lin Acta Oceanologica Sinica, China

Poster Session Committee Qinyu Liu China Ocean University, China Nguyen Ngoc Lam Institute of Oceanography, Nhatrang. Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology, Vietnam Zuojun Yu Hawaii University, USA V. S. N. Murty National Institute of Oceanography, India

Chair Ying Wang Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, NanJing University Co-chair N. Ramaiah National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India Members Young-Sang Suh National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Korea

Local Organizing Committee Chair Delu Pan Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Co-chairs Ping Shi Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dongxiao Wang South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Members Yeli Yuan Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Dunxin Hu Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Huadong Guo Chinese Academy of Sciences Si Zhang South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Hui Lin The Chinese University of Hongkong Zhishi Wang University of Macau

iv

I Hsun Ni Taiwan Ocean University Xingfa Gu Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dake Chen 2nd Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration (SOA), China Jiahong Li Ministry of Science & Technology of China Xingwei Jiang National Satellite Ocean Application Service, China Chenghu Zhou Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS Ge Chen Ocean University of China Guanghao Chen South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences DanLing Lingzis TANG South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Executive Chairman)

Organizers South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences The International PORSEC Association Chinese Academy of Sciences National Nature Science Foundation of China Guangzhou Association for Science and Technology

Co-organizers Chinese Society of Oceanography Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of HK Key Lab of Tropical Marine Environmental Dynamics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Key Laboratory of Marine Sciences and Numerical Modeling, State Oceanic Administration, China National Remote Sensing Center of China Key Laboratory of Ocean Remote Sensing, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China State Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University State Key Lab of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, the Second Institute of Oceanography, SOA Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Sponsors Canadian Space Agency Fisheries and Oceans CANADA European Space Agency (ESA) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, JAXA National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) US National Science Foundation National Nature Science Foundation of China, Grant No.40576053

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Organizers

Co-organizers

Sponsors

National Nature Science Foundation of China, Grant No.40576053

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Time Table 09:00- 18:00 6F Conference Room, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology (SCSIO), Tutorial courses 27-30 Nov 28-29, Nov 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 2008 09:00-18:00 Science expedition in Daya Bay, Guangdong 30 Nov Daya Bay

PORSEC2008 Tutorial participants only

Mon., 1st Dec 09:30-20:00

Registration,

Conference Registration Room, BaiYun Hotel, 1st F

14:30

Posting posters

Baiyun Gallery, BaiYun Hotel 29 F

Tues. 2nd Dec 2008 14:30-17:00

SOC Meeting (Invited only) 18:00 -20:00 Welcome Reception 08:30-09:00 9:00-12:00 Plenary

12:00-13:30 Plenary Wed. 3rd Dec 2008 Locations Baiyun Hotel 29F Theme

Italia Restaurant, BaiYun Hotel 30 F

Registration

Conference Registration Room, BaiYun Hotel 1st F

Photo

BaiYun Garden, BaiYun Hotel, Ground

Keynote speeches Welcome Lunch

BaiYun Haoyan (Great White Cloud) Restaurant

CaiYun/ Colorful Cloud Conference Room

ZiYun/ Purple Cloud Conference Room

HongYun / Red Cloud Conference Room

Satellite Observation Coastal Environment Global Change System + Workshop + Global Change

QingYun / Blue Cloud Conference Room Natural Hazard

CE1a Analysis of NH1 Natural Satellite Water Color Hazards and the Data in Case2 Waters Role of Satellite Observations

WS1 Workshop on South China Sea and Indian Ocean: Ocean Processes in relation to Climate Changes

GC3a Interactions between Ocean and Atmosphere; Satellite based air-sea flux estimates

CE2 Coastal NH3 Fingerprints of Ecosystems: Carbon Atmospheric Sources or Sinks? Phenomena on the CE3a Remote Sensing Ocean Surface and GIS Application to Coastal Waters and Coastal Zone Management

08:30-12:00

SO3a Multi-sensor GC3b studies in ocean remote Interactions sensing between Ocean and Atmosphere; Satellite based air-sea flux estimates

CE3b Remote Sensing SO4 Links between and GIS Application to physical and Coastal Waters and biological Coastal Zone mesoscale oceanic Management processes

SO5 SAR Application

14:00-17:00

SO3b Multi-sensor GC4 studies in ocean remote Low-frequency sensing Oceanic WS2 Workshop on Processes Satellite Sensor Data GC6 Polar and International Oecanography Co-operations

17:00-21:00 Plenary

Boat tour along Pearl River, Invited speech, Poster awards, tutorial certificates

08:30-12:00

Thurs. 4th Dec 2008 14:00-17:30

Fri. 5th Dec 2008

09:00-11:30 Plenary

Baiyun / BiYun / White Cloud Green Cloud Gallery Conference Room Poster Sessions

PO1 Posters presentations of young scientists/stud SO2b Operational GC2 Marine CE1b Analysis of NH2 Applications of Ocean Weather system: Satellite Water Color Ocean-Land-Atmos ents Satellite Observations Study with Data in Case2 Waters phere Coupling passive and Associated with active Natural Hazards Microwaves

SO1 Special Session on Space Agencies-Current Missions and Plans (Keynote speeches) Plenary Assembly of the PORSEC Association Visiting SCSIO City Tour (pay at the JinYun/ Bright Cloud Meeting Room)

vii

Poster sessions

JinYun / Bright Cloud Meeting Room Meeting room

PO2 Computer room, Poster exhibition for Tour registration remote sensing /ocean science /environment research technology and instruments PO3: IJRS International J of remote sensing, Selling PORSEC2006 Special Issue

Poster Judgment

GC5 Satellite-based High-resolution SST and its Regional / Global Applications

Closing Ceremony: PORSEC awards; Transfer the PORSEC Banner 14:30-17:30

Register Pay for excursions

Baiyun International Conference Room, Extra Building, 6 F, BaiYun Hotel Baiyun International Conference Room, Extra Building, 6F, BaiYun Hotel

Opening Ceremony

SO2a Operational GC1 Ocean’s Applications of Ocean Role in Global Satellite Observations Water Cycles

14:00-17:30

Sat 6th Dec2008

HongYun/Red Cloud Conference Room, Baiyun Hotel, 29 F

Nanhai Shen (South China Sea God) Boat, Pearl River CaiYun Conference Room / Colorful Cloud Conference Room, Baiyun Hotel 29F Baiyun Hotel 29F

Keynote Speech Name and Affiliation

Time and place

Topic

Current Development and Tendency Academician Guanhua Xu Chinese Academy of Sciences, Former Minister, of Marine Hi-Tech and Strategy for Chinese Earth Observation Ministry of Science & Technology of China

Baiyun International Conference Hall,

Prof. Ola M. Johannessen EU Descartes Laureate In Earth Science 2005 Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center / Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Norway

Arctic Climate Present and future perspective

Prof. Jim Gower Institute of Ocean Sciences P.O. Box 6000 Sidney, B.C. V 8L 4B2, Canada

The slow but continuing development of satellite ocean-colour science

Professor Delu Pan Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, China

Chinese environmental satellite mission and future

Professor H. Shimoda Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Japan

Overview of Japanese observation programs

Professor Stan Wilson National Environmental Satellite Data and Information System, NOAA, USA

NOAA Current Missions and Plans

6th floor Extra Building, Baiyun Hotel 3rd Dec 2008, Wednesday(a.m.)

Earth

CaiYun / Colorful Cloud Conference Room, Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor

Professor Yves Crevier Canadian Space Agency, Canada

Integrated Oceans Management from Space: From Action to Coordination

Professor Susanne Lehner German Aerospace Center, Germ any

TerraSAR X Oceanography

Professor Craig Donlon, European Space Agency, Netherlands

Noordwijk,

viii

The

The Ocean Missions of ESA Today and Tomorrow

6th Dec 2008, Saturday(a.m.)

Program

2rd December 2008, Tuesday (p.m.)

Time

Activities

Place

09:30-20:00

Registration for the conference and for post-conference Conference excursions (pay on-site) Hotel, 1st F

14:30

Posting posters

Registration

Room,

BaiYun

Baiyun Gallery, BaiYun Hotel 29 F

14:30-17:00 PORSEC SOC Meeting (Invited only)

HongYun/Red Cloud Conference Room, Baiyun Hotel, 29 F

18:00 -20:00 Welcome Reception

Italia Restaurant, BaiYun Hotel 30 F

3rd December 2008, Wednesday (a.m.) Openning (Chair: DanLing TANG) Baiyun International Conference Hall, 6th floor Extra Building, Baiyun Hotel 09:00

Group Photo

09:30-09:40 Danling Tang

Introduction

South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; General Chairman, PORSEC 2008

09:40

Si Zhang

Opening Remark

Director of South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

09:45

Representative

Welcome Address

Guangzhou Branch, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences

09:50

Representative

Congratulatory

National Nature Science Foundation of China

Remark 09:55

Guocheng Zhang

Congratulatory

National Remote Sensing Center of China

Remark 10:00

Min Huang

Congratulatory

Guangzhou Association for Science and Technology

Remark 10:05

Kristina B.

Welcome Remark

President, The International PORSEC Association

Katsaros 10:10 - 10:30 Tea break, Keynote Speech (Chairs: Shi Zhang, DanLing TANG) 10:30 - 11:00 Guanhua Xu

Keynote Speech

Honorary Chairman, PORSEC2008; Academician, Chinese Academy of Sciences Former Minister, Ministry of Science & Technology of China

11:00 - 11:25 Ola M.

Keynote Speech

Johannessen 11:25 - 11:50 Jim Gower

Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center / Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Norway

Keynote Speech

Institute of Ocean Sciences, Canada

12:00 - 14:00 Welcome Lunch

Baiyun Haoyan Restaurant (Baiyun Hotel 3F) (Chairs: DX Wang, P Shi, Tony Liu)

ix

3rd December 2008, Wednesday (p.m.) Venue-----Caiyun / Colorful Cloud Conference Room Venue------Ziyun / Purple Cloud Conference Room, Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme-----Satellite Observation System Theme------Global Change Session---SO2a, Operational Applications of Ocean Session----GC1, Ocean’s Role in Global Water Cycles Satellite Observation Chairs------Tim Liu (USA), Longsang Chui (Hong Kong, China) Chairs-----Tony Song (USA), Dake Chen (China) Conveners---Tim Liu (USA), Dunxin Hu (China), Longsang Chui Conveners--Tony Song (USA), Hui Lin (Hong Kong, China), Dake (Hong Kong, China) Chen (China) Time Speaker Country Title Time Speaker Country Title /region /region 14:00-14:20 Dake Chen

China (Invited)

Sensitivity of tropical ocean 14:00-14:15 W. Timothy Liu USA simulation to uncertainties in precipitation

14:20-14:40 Marlon Lewis

Canada (Invited)

Spectral Ocean Radiance Transfer Investigation Experiment (SORTIE)

14:40-15:00 Hui Feng USA

15:00-15:15 Hsun Ni / Taiwan, Yi-Hui Cai China

15:15-15:30 Yan-zhen China Gu

14:15-14:30 Christian Kummerow

Assessment and refinement 14:30-14:45 Francois Cabot of altimeter-derived sea state products: wave period and wave slope variation Distribution of bigeye tuna 14:45-15:00 Qinyu Liu (Thunnus obesus) in relation to variability of net primary production in the Pacific Ocean A New Wind Speed Algorithm for altimeter at high wind speeds

Global Water and Energy Balances from NASA Spacebased Sensors

USA Improvements in Oceanic (Invited) Rainfall Estimates from TRMM and GPM France Overview of the SMOS (Invited) Mission

China Formation of spring warm (Invited) water to the southwest of the Philippine Islands: Winter monsoon wake effects

15:00-15:15 Chung-Lin Shie USA

The Goddard Satellite-based Surface Turbulent Fluxes (GSSTF) Dataset: Review and Prospects

15:15-15:30 Kuan-Man Xu

Cloud Object Analysis of the Sensitivity of Marine Boundary-Layer Cloud Systems to Changing Environmental Conditions

USA

15:30-16:00 Tea Break Chairs----- I-Hsun Ni (Taiwan, China), Raden Dwi Susanto (USA) Chairs------ Tim Liu (USA), Qinyu Liu (China) 16:00-16:20 Raden Dwi USA Susanto (Invited)

Remotely Sensed Data as a 16:00-16:20 Louis Legendre France Pelagic Microbes and Proxy of Indonesian (Invited) Oceanic Global Changes Throughflow

16:20-16:40 Dongliang China Yuan (Invited)

An observation of the 16:20-16:35 Haibo Hu three-dimensional structure of a cross-shelf penetrating front off the Changjiang mouth

16:40-17:00 Cho Ming Hong Cheng Kong, China

Study of Trapped 16:35-16:50 Roongroj Chok Hong Atmospheric Gravity Waves ngamwong Kong, over the South China Sea China Observed on the Spaceborne Radar and Visible-channel Weather Satellite Images

Trends and Variation of Oceanic Rainfall Parameters Derived from SSM/I Brightness Temperature Histograms

17:00-17:15 Jie Guo

Wave Parameters Retrieved 16:50-17:05 Victor R. from QuikSCAT data Foux

About an estimation of an ocean front location depending on the satellite measurements Detecting the change of China coastline from RS image with different resolutions

China

17:15-17:20 Summary by convener

17:05-17:20 Wang Chenxing

China

Russia

China


x

low PV water transportationand the relation with PDO

3rd December 2008, Wednesday (p.m.) Venue-------Hongyun / Red Cloud Conference Room Venue------Qingyun / Blue Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme------Coastal Environment Theme-----Natural Hazard Session---CE1a, Analysis of Satellite Water Color Data in Session---NH1, Natural Hazards and the Role of Satellite Case2 Waters Observations Chairs-------Jim Gower (Canada), Junwu Tang (China) Chairs------Hussain Aziz Saleh /Mouhamad Rukieh (Syria), Conveners-- Jim Gower (Canada), Junwu Tang (China), Chuqun Georges Allaert (Belgium) Chen (China) Conveners--Hussain Aziz Saleh (Syria), Georges Allaert (Belgium) Time Speaker Country Title Time Speaker Country Title /region /region 14:00-14:15 Stephanie Canada New and surprising results on 14:00-14:15 Hussain Syria An Advanced Dynamic Data King surface blooms and marine Aziz Saleh, Processing Strategy of Earth vegetation from the MERIS Mouhamad Observations for Disaster optical sensor Rukieh Management and Reduction 14:15-14:30 Young Japan Cochlodinium polykrikoides 14:15-14:30 Wei Shi USA Observation of a Green Algae Baek Red Tide Detection using the Bloom off Qingdao Coast in the Son Spectral Classification of Yellow Sea During the Summer MODIS Data at the South Sea of 2008 of Korea 14:30-14:45 Yan Su Hong Sensing of water quality 14:30-14:45 Dingtian China Impacts of Typhoon Dawei and Kong, monitoring on the coastal Yang Tianying on seagrass China region of Hong Kong distribution in Xincun Bay, Hainan province, China 14:45-15:00 Hongyan Hong Total suspended matter and 14:45-15:00 Mengxu China The correlativity analysis Xi Kong, chlorophyll a concentrations Gao between infectious disease and China from MERIS data in the Pearl ecological environment River estuary of China changes in WenChuan earthquake disaster areas Based on RS and GIS 15:00-15:15 Pavel Russia Optical properties of the Peter 15:00-15:15 Yogesh India Multi-Variate Segmentation Salyuk the Great Bay waters research Kumar Approach for Flood Monitoring and their comparative analysis Singh using Microwave Data with satellite water color data 15:15-15:30 Wenjing Zhao

China

An algorithm for the retrieval 15:15-15:30 Min Xu of suspended sediment concentrations in the Huanghe estuary by the simulated FY-3 MERSI data

China

Change Detection of Earthquake-damaged Areas Based on Remote Sensing Image Classification

15:30-16:00 Tea Break Chairs----- Young Baek Son (Japan), Chuqun Chen (China)

Chairs----- Yogesh Kumar Singh (India), Wei Shi (USA)

16:00-16:15 Jim Gower

Mouhamad Syria Rukieh

16:15-16:30

Guoqing Xie

China

Hua Zhang， YaoDong Wang Chunli Liu

China

16:30-16:45

16:45-17:00

17:00-17:15

17:15-17:20

Canada Improved estimation of 16:00-16:15 chlorophyll a content in silt-laden water using the 709 nm band of the MERIS optical sensor Dan Li China Validation of Spectral model 16:15-16:30 on chlorophyll-a retrieval in tidal reaches of Pearl River Estuary: Modaomen waterway case study Tingwei China Validation of MERIS Ocean 16:30-16:45 Cui Color Products in the Bohai Sea: A case study for turbid coastal waters Jingping China Towards a better 16:45-17:00 Ren understanding of the bio-optical properties in the East China Seas Liran Sun China A simulated-annealing 17:00-17:15 algorithm for retrieving water optical properties from above-water remote-sensing reflectance Summary by convener

xi

China

Remote Sensing Data & its Rules in Earthquakes Investigation / Earthquakes Investigation by using Remote Sensing Data The Remote Sensing Monitoring Method Based on the Modis Satellite Data for Blue Green Alga in Dianchi Lake in China Numerical flood simulation using CFD methods

Variation of Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) in the western South China Sea Based on Remote Sensing Summary by convener

4th December 2008, Thursday (a.m.) Venue------Caiyun / Colorful Cloud Conference Room Venue--------Ziyun / Purple Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme--- -Satellite Observation System Theme-------Global Change Session---SO2b, Operational Applications of Ocean Session----GC2, Marine Weather system: Study with passive Satellite Observations and active Microwaves Chairs---Hui Lin (HK, China), Zhijin Li (USA)/Chi-lu Sun (Taiwai) Chairs-------Leonid Mitnik (Russia), Yuanzhi Zhang (Hong Kong, Conveners--Tony Song (USA), Hui Lin (Hong Kong, China), Dake China) Chen (China) Conveners-- Leonid Mitnik (Russia), Yuanzhi Zhang (Hong Kong, China), Yiquan Qi (China) Time Speaker Country Title Time Speaker Country Title /region /region 08:30-08:50 Zhijin Li USA Assimilation of satellite data in 08:30-08:50 Hyo Choi Korea Upwelling driven by strong wind (Invited) real-time coastal ocean data in the southeastern sea of Korea assimilation and forecasting systems 08:50-09:10 Y. Tony Song

USA Strait and inter-ocean 08:50-09:10 Maia L. (Invited) transport estimation using Mitnik altimetry ssh and gravimetry obp

09:10-09:25 Eko (Japan) Siswanto

Enhancements of 09:10-09:25 phytoplankton chlorophyll and primary production in the upwelling region northeast of Taiwan following the episodic typhoon passage 09:25-09:40 Hsueh-Ju Taiwan, Spatial distribution 09:25-09:40 ng LU / China characteristics of skipjack Chia-Hua tuna schools in Western Hsieh Central Pacific Ocean in association with ENSO 09:40-09:55 Olga Russia Satellite monitoring of the 09:40-09:55 Lavrova, catastrophic oil spill in the S. Kerch Strait Karimova

Russia

Mesoscale organized convection over the oecan: observed and simulated passive and active signatures

Gang Fu

China

Observational analyses and numerical modeling of a heavy sea fog event over the Yellow Sea

Zhaoyan Liu

USA

CALIOP: A satellite borne lidar for atmospheric measurements and its possible contribution to ocean sciences

Sukena Toure

Senegal The Effects of Global Warning on a Geo-Climatic Region Type

09:55-10:30 Tea Break

09:55-10:30 Tea Break

Session---SO2b, Operational Applications of Ocean Satellite Observations Chairs----- Tony Song (USA), Marlon Lewis (Canada)

Session----GC2, Marine Weather system: Study with passive and active Microwaves Chairs--------- Leonid Mitnik (Russia), Yiquan Qi (China)

10:30-10:45 Chi-lu Taiwan, Sun China Chen-Te Tseng

Spatial-temporal 10:30-10:45 distributions of tuna species and its potential habitats derived from multi-satellite data in the western and central pacific ocean 10:45-11:00 Yinghui China The correlation of the surface 10:45-11:15 He circulation between the Western Pacific and the South China Sea from satellite altimetry data 11:00-11:15 Hongying China A new infrared and visible 11:00-11:15 Zhao image matching technology based on the features of image movement changes 11:15-11:30 Summary by convener 11:15-11:25

Guoyin Cai

China

Detection of thermal anomaly from SST and thermal inertia in South China Sea Combining ASTER and MODIS Data

Jianping Guo

China

Monitoring haze episode over yellow sea by combining multi-sensor data of NASA satellite measurements

Zhong China zheng Yan

Changes in Suspended sediments Associated with 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

Jiao China Ming-lian

Processing of remote sensing image using wavelets transform


xii

4th December 2008, Thursday (a.m.) Venue-------Hongyun /Red Cloud Conference Room Venue------Qingyun /Blue Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme------Coastal Environment Theme-----Natural Hazard Session--- CE1b, Analysis of Satellite Water Color Data in Session---NH2, Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Coupling Case2 Waters Associated with Natural Hazards Chairs-------Jim Gower (Canada), Pavel Salyuk (Russia) Chairs------Ramesh Singh (USA), Zhaoyong Guan (China) Conveners---Jim Gower (Canada), Junwu Tang (China), Chuqun Conveners--Ramesh Singh (USA), Zhaoyong Guan (China), Chen (China) Xingfa Gu (China) Time Speaker Country Title Time Speaker Country Title /region /region 08:30-08:50 Yan Li China Using color-ratio based 08:30-08:45 Guixing Japan Diurnal moisture transport algorithms to extend the Chen from South China Sea and its standard impacts on diurnal rainfall over atmospheric-correction satellite Southeast China sensing images for use over turbid coastal waters 08:50-09:10 Weijun China Fluorescence properties of two 08:45-09:00 Yu Bo China The response of summer Jian red-tide-caused species and monsoon circulation to the their possible application on dipole mode SST anomalies coastal water primary over the Tropical Indian Ocean productivity algorithm 09:10-09:30 Kaisan China Water quality monitoring using 09:00-09:15 Xuguang China Numerical simulation of Song remote sensing data with Sun impacts of two kinds of El Nino empirical algorithms in Chagan events on east asian climate Lake, China variability 09:30-09:45 Yunlin China Modeling the spectral 09:15-09:30 Jie-Lin China Large-scale circulation pattern Zhang absorption of tripton and He in association with tropical partitioning phytoplankton cyclogenesis in the Western absorption spectra in inland North Pacific in boreal winter waters 09:45-10:00 Minwei China Using CBERS-02B CCD to 09:30-09:45 Cai Jiaxi China The hot/cold summer events in Zhang retrieve the concentration of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and their Total Suspended Matter in Taihu Lake related circulation anomalies in the eastern hemisphere during the past five decades Compensatory growth in 09:45-10:00 Zhuoping China marine microalgae after CAI environmental stresses as an important factor in algal bloom forming 10:00-10:30 Tea Break Chairs-------- Hui Feng (USA), Mingsen Lin (China) Chairs------10:30-10:45 Hui Feng USA Validation of MODIS aerosol 10:30-10:45 retrievals over the northeastern United States coastal ocean: implication of impact of aerosol models on satellite ocean color retrievals 10:45-11:00 Fang China Reappraisal of turbid water with 10:45-11:00 Shen MERIS Level-1 product, a case of the Yangtze River Estuary

Ramesh P. Singh (USA), Hyo Choi (Korea) Ramesh P. USA Land-ocean-atmosphere Singh coupling associated with ocean related to natural hazards

11:00-11:15 Wandong China Ma

Jadunan UK dan Dash

11:15-11:30 Dan Li

China

11:30-11:45 Yahao Liu

China

Chlorophyll vertical distribution 11:00-11:15 of case 2 waters: a case study of Yantai coastal waters of Yellow Sea Remote sensing of water TSS in 11:15-11:30 Apalachicola Bay using MODIS 250-m imagery A study of atmospheric transmittance and aerosol optical thickness in Bohai Sea


Hyo Choi Korea

Wei Xianhu

China

Extreme heavy precipitation in Gangneung coastal area under the passage of typhoon Rusa, 2002 Chlorophyll concentrations at Myanmar coast associated with cyclone Nargis The evolution of lakes in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River


xiii

4th December 2008, Thursday (p.m.) Venue-------Caiyun / Colorful Cloud Conference Room Venue---------Ziyun / Purple Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme------Workshop Theme--------Global Change Session---WS1, Workshop on South China Sea and Indian Session-----GC3a, Interactions between Ocean and Ocean: Ocean Processes in relation to Climate Changes Atmosphere; Satellite based Air-sea flux estimates Chairs-------Dongxiao Wang (China), Nguyen Ngoc Lam (Vietnam) Chairs--------Gad Levy (USA), Hui Wang (China) Conveners---Dileep Kumar (India), Dongxiao Wang (China), Nguyen Conveners----Gad Levy (USA), Masahisa Kubota (Japan), Hui Ngoc Lam (Vietnam), Danling Tang (China) Wang (China), Yongqiang Yu (China) Time Speaker Country Title Time Speaker Country Title /region /region 14:00-14:15 Dongxiao China Combined in-situ and remote 14:00-14:15 Yuliya Russia A quasi-linear model of the sea Wang sensing about meso-dynamics in Troitskaya surface drag and wave growth Southeast Asian Waters rate at hurricane wind speeds 14:15-14:30 M.R.Ramesh India Observed air sea interaction 14:15-14:30 Mark A. USA Surface momentum fluxes Kumar (Invited) processes during the cyclonic Bourassa from scatterometry storm of 5-9 May 2004 over the Arabian Sea Tropical heat flux feedbacks in 14:30-14:45 Ming Australia Long term changes in the 14:30-14:45 Yongqiang China Yu climate models: a further Feng (Invited) Leeuwin Current system in the assessment using coupled southeast Indian Ocean simulations 14:45-15:00 Yuping China Numerical simulations for the 14:45-15:00 Lebedev Russia Temporal and spatial Guan South China Sea region by using Sergey variability of the evaporation a high resolution regional ocean Caspian Sea on remote sensing modeling system and weather stations data 15:00-15:15 P.M. India Air sea interaction and monsoon 15:00-15:15 Wenqing USA Measuring Ocean Surface Muraleed dynamics - An Argo perspective Tang Stress from Space haran 15:15-15:30 Dingtian China Retrieval of internal solitons in 15:15-15:30 Si Gao Hong Surface latent heat flux and Yang South China Sea by utilizing Kong, sea surface temperature sunglinter in MODIS data China associated with rapidly intensifying typhoons 15:30-16:00 Tea Break Chairs------ Dongxiao Wang (China), P.M. Muraleedharan (India)

16:00-16:15

N Ramaiah

Fenfen LIU, 16:15-16:30 Chuqun Chen 16:30-16:45 Yan Du

Umesh 16:45-17:00 Kumar Pradhan 17:00-17:15 Weidong ZHOU

17:15-17:25 Hui Zhao

17:25-17:30 Jingming Pan

Chairs----- Masahisa Kubota (Japan), Yongqiang Yu (China) 16:00-16:15 Kristina USA The net air-sea heat flux for Synoptic and in-situ observations B. climate studies using satellite India Katsaros data; status of work by the of temporal variability in (Invited) chlorophyll a in Bay of Bengal Sea “COMPASS” group and a call for cooperation Retrieval of chlorophyll 16:15-16:30 Sergey Russia Air-sea surface fluxes and concentration from the enveloped Gulev (invited) climate research: problems China areas of fluorescence spectra in and requirements Pearl River estuary, China Oceanic Rossby wave triggered 16:30-16:45 Alberto USA Climatic variability in 15 years air-sea interaction and M. (1993-2007) of satellite China persistence of North Indian Ocean Mestas-N derived air-sea fluxes Warming after El Nino unez 16:45-17:00 Naoya Japan Improved expression of the Chemical dynamics in the coastal Suzuki drag coefficient with special environment for tracing the reference to the windsea India sources of pollutants and their Reynolds number impact on the environment along -Consideration of the counter the Indian coast and mixed swell conditions China On which strait is outflowing 17:00-17:15 Xu China Variability of the net air-sea water passage in SCS Suqing CO2 flux and uptake inferred from shipboard and remote sensing data in the southern ocean Comparison of phytoplankton China blooms triggered by two typhoons with different intensities and translation speeds in the South China A new oceanic monitoring China platform based on satellite image information



xiv

4th December 2008, Thursday (p.m.) Venue---Hongyun /Red Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme---Coastal Environment Session--- CE2, Coastal Ecosystems: Carbon Sources or Sinks? Chairs------Minhan Dai (China), Yasuhiro Senga (Japan), Ediang A.O (Nigeria) Conveners---Miguel Fortes (Philippines), Minhan Dai (China) Time Speaker Country Title /region

Venue---Qingyun /Blue Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme---Natural Hazard Session---NH3, Fingerprints of Atmospheric Phenomena on the Ocean Surface Chairs------Werner Alpers (Germany), Xiuqun Yang (China) Conveners---Werner Alpers (Germany), Xiuqun Yang (China) Time

Speaker

Country Title /region

14:00-14:15 Yasuhiro Japan Senga

Spatio-temporal extension of 14:00-14:15 Werner phytoplankton bloom caused by Alpers monsoonal rainfall at Mahanadi River mouth in the Bay of Bengal

Germany Investigation of atmospheric gravity waves in the marine boundary layer using Envisat synthetic aperture radar images

14:15-14:30 Shaoling China Shang

Surface pCO2 and net air-sea 14:15-14:30 Weigen CO2 fluxes derived from remote Huang sensing in the South China Sea in summer

China

Atmospheric gravity waves observed by synthetic aperture radar imagery over Chinese coastal areas

14:30-14:45 Sun Yuan China

Retrieval of sea surface temperature in the East China Sea with a regional algorithm

Korea

Sea surface temperature affected by development of internal gravity waves and coastal low pressure

14:45-15:00 Dang Diem Hong

Vietnam

Seaweed resources of Vietnam 14:45-15:00 Marina A. Russia and its cultivation as sink of Evdoshenko greenhouse gases

Imprints of atmospheric events on the Caspian Sea surface by MODIS high resolution data

15:00-15:10 Ediang A.O

Nigeria

The teleconnection between sea 15:00-15:15 Jianyu Hu China surface temperature analysis from in situ data at east mole, lagos and global warming

Responses of eddies to tropical cyclone in the South China Sea

Checklist of marine macroalgae 15:15-15:30 Suping in Andaman Sea, Thailand Zhang

New observations of Yellow Sea Fog by soundings of L-Band Radar ——diurnal and seasonal variations

15:15-15:30 Vararin Thailand Vongpanich

14:30-14:45 Hyo Choi Doo Sun Choi

China

15:30-16:00 Tea Break Session--- CE3a, Remote Sensing and GIS Application to Coastal Waters and Coastal Zone Management Chairs------ Ping Shi (China), Ashlesha Saxena (India) Conveners-- Ping Shi (China), Shu Gao (China) Time Speaker Country Title /region

Session---NH3, Fingerprints of Atmospheric Phenomena on the Ocean Surface Chairs------Werner Alpers (Germany), Jianyu Hu (China)

16:00-16:15 Ashlesha India Saxena

Application of remote sensing and GIS for delineation of continental shelf along the coastal area

16:00-16:15 Xuejuan Ren

16:15-16:30 Mani India Murali.R

Coastal inundation studies due 16:15-16:30 Shih-Jen to Sea Level Rise (SLR) at part Huang of Tamilnadu coast, India using Yu-Ming remote sensing and GIS Chien

16:30-16:45 Ariyo Kanno

Incorporation of spatial 16:30-16:45 Olga Russia Satellite observation of internal smoothing term in Lavrova, waves in non-tidal seas satellite-based regression model S. of shallow water bathymetry Karimova The integrated research on oil 16:45-17:00 Werner Germany Study of meso-scale and gas reservoir by remote Alpers atmospheric fronts over sea sensing and biogeochemistry areas bordered by coastal method in Northern South China mountain ranges using Sea spaceborne synthetic aperture radar image

Japan

16:45-17:00 Yu Chen China

17:00-17:15 Jing Li

China

Time

Speaker

Country Title /region China

Connections between wintertime jet stream variability, oceanic surface heating, and transient eddy activity in the North Pacific

Taiwan, The effect of aerosol on China chlorophyll in Japan Sea

Temporal and spatial change of 17:00-17:15 Summary by convener suspended sediments concentration in Changjiang estuary, china using Landsat TM imageries


xv

5th December 2008, Friday (a.m.) Venue------CaiYun /Colorful Cloud Conference Room Venue---ZiYun / Purple Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme----- Satellite Observation Theme----Global Change Session---SO3a, Multi-sensor studies in ocean remote Session---GC3b, Interactions between Ocean and sensing Atmosphere; Satellite based Air-sea flux estimates Chairs-------Xiaohai Yan (USA), Im Sang OH (Korea) Chairs-------Sergey Gulev (Russia), Kunio Kutsuwada (Japan) Conveners--Xiaohai Yan (USA), William Emery (USA), Im Sang OH Conveners---Gad Levy (USA), Masahisa Kubota (Japan), Hui Wang (Korea) (China), Yongqiang Yu Time Speaker Country Title Time Speaker Country Title /region /region 08:30-08:45 Xiao-Hai USA Multi-Sensor Study of Sea 08:30-08:45 Gad Levy USA Indian Ocean Near-Equatorial Yan Surface Salinity Symmetric Stability From Satellite Observations: An Illusive Connection To Atmospheric Convection 08:45-09:00 William USA Estimating the Wind-Driven 08:45-09:00 Xiu-Qun China ENSO Frequency Change in Emery Velocity Structure of the YANG (invited) Coupled Climate Models as California Current Response to Increasing CO2 Concentration 09:00-09:15 Im Sang Korea Distribution of Changjiang 09:00 -09:15 Vlasova Russia Seasonal interaсtion of water OH Diluted Water (CDW) and Galina and atmospheric circulation in Hyun-cheol interannual variation in this Far Eastern Seas by numerical Kim decade detected by satellite modeling chlorophyll-a 09:15-09:30 Ivanov Russia The estimation of future 09:15-09:30 Jiabei China Distribution characteristics of the Vladimir earthquake location by Fang atmospheric heat sources and its Topex-Poseidon data role in midlatitude ocean-atmosphere interactions 09:30-09:45 Zhenzhan China Simulations on retrieving of 09:30-09:45 Yongxiang USA Value-Added CALIPSO Ocean Wang oceanic salinity from SMOS data Hu Product by an innovational scheme 09:45-10:00 Marina Russia Multi-Sensor Study of Eddy and 09:45-10:00 Qiaoyan China Interactions between tropical Mityagina Internal Wave Dynamics in the Wu Atlantic instability waves and Northeastern Black Sea Coastal atmosphere from multi-year Waters satellite observations 10:00-10:15 Tea Break

10:00-10:30 Tea Break

Chairs---Abderrahim Bentamy (France), Tong Lee (USA)

Chairs----Alberto M. Mestas-Nunez (USA)，Wenqing Tang (USA)

10:15-10:30 Abderrahim France Bentamy

Jerome Patoux

10:30-10:45 Tong Lee

Evaluation of Turbulent Surface 10:30-10:45 Fluxes Derived from Satellite Measurements during the Period 1992 – 2007 USA Multi-sensor study of decadal 10:45-11:00 (Invited) variability in the Indo-Pacific Ocean: atmospheric and oceanic processes

Kunio Japan Kutsuwada

Russia

Dongliang China ZHAO

10:45-11:00 Vladimir Karaev

Application Of Radiometer For 11:00-11:15 Improving Wind Speed Retrieval Accuracy Employing Altimeter Data By The Example Of Topex/Poseidon 11:00-11:15 Masahisa Japan Retrieval of air specific humidity 11:15-11:30 Kubota over the ocean from AMSR-E measurements 11:15-11:30 Leonid M. Russia Upwelling And Dynamic Oceanic 11:30-11:40 Mitnik Phenomena North Of Taiwan: Study With Envisat Asar And Ancillary Data 10:30-11:45 Xiaoming Germany Global Sea State Measurements 11:40-11:50 Li by ENVISAT ASAR Wave Mode

11:45-12:00 Xi-Yu Xu

China

Statistical Analysis on Radar Altimeter Amplitude and Phase Imbalances of I/Q Channels

xvi

USA

Xiaopei Lin

China

Li YAN

China

Liping Li China

Midlatitude Cyclone Tracks and Air-Sea Fluxes over the Southern Ocean Study on Ocean and Atmosphere Interaction in the Kuroshio Extension Region using Gridded Products by Satellite Microwave Sensors Study on wave period retrieval from the dual-frequency altimeter data

Explaining the global distribution of peak-spectrum variability of sea surface height ENSO Hindcast Experiments Using A Coupled Model Developed at LASG

Multi-temporal Scale Characteristics and Its Causes of Intraseasonal Oscillation of Sea Surface Temperature in the Pacific 11:50-11:55 Summary by convener

5th December 2008, Friday (a.m.) Venue-------HongYun / Red Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme--------Coastal Environment Session-----CE3b, Sensing and GIS Application to Coastal Waters and Coastal Zone Chairs-------Ping Shi (China), Huasheng Hong (China) / Malcolm Lewis Heron (Australia) Conveners---Ping Shi (China), Ying Wang (China) Time Speaker Country Title /region 08:30-08:45 Naoto Japan Seasonal and Ebuchi Subinertial Variations in the Soya Warm Current revealed by HF Ocean Radars 08:45-09:00 Malcolm Australia HF Radar Role in an Integrated Lewis Ocean Observing System Heron 09:00 -09:15 Hyo Choi Korea

09:15-09:30 Fang Hong Chaoyang Kong, China

09:30-09:45 Jie Lin

China

09:45-10:00 Hong Zhang

China

Venue--------QingYun / Blue Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme--------Satellite Observation Session-----SO4, Links between Physical and Biological Mesoscale Oceanic Processes Chairs------- V. Lobanov (Russia), Fangli Qiao (China) Conveners----V. Lobanov (Russia), Fangli Qiao (China), J. Ishizaka (Japan) Time Speaker Country Title /region 08:30-08:50 Fangli China Coastal Upwelling in the China Qiao (Invited) Seas

08:50-09:10 Vyacheslav Russia Links Between Physical, Lobanov (Invited) Chemical And Biological Properties Of Anticyclonic Eddies In The Japan Sea Cold Sea Water Outbreak in the 09:10-09:25 Ming Feng (Australia Physical and chemical Vicinity of Cheju Island after signatures of a developing Passage of Typhoon anti-cyclonic eddy in the Leeuwin Current, Eastern Indian Ocean Development of the Water 09:25-09:40 S. India Bay of Bengal eddies and its Quality and Oil Spill Monitoring Prasanna role in biological productivity and Warning Information Kumar and CO2 flux System in the Pearl River Delta Region Quantifying spatiotemporal 09:40-09:55 Liang Sun China Bay of Bengal eddies and its change of landscape pattern in a role in biological productivity coastal gulf region, southeast and CO2 flux China Land Use/Cover Change 09:55-10:05 Lei He China Variability of Cross-shelf Detection Based on RS and GIS Penetrating Fronts off Southeast Coasts of China

10:00-10:30 Tea break

10:05-10:30 Tea break

Chairs------ Ping Shi (China), Hyo Choi (Korea)

Chairs------V. Lobanov (Russia), Fangli Qiao (China)

10:30-10:45 Malcolm Lewis Heron

10:30-10:45 Takashi Makino

Australia 1.The Australian Integrated Marine Observing System

Japan

Japan 10:45-11:00 Hisashi Yamaguchi

10:45-11:00 Kostyanoy Russia Andrey

Seasonal and Interannual Variability of the Benguela Upwelling

11:00-11:15 Dean Wu China

The computation and analysis of 11:00-11:15 Mira theoretical depth datum in the Morovi Changing estuary and its adjacent sea areas

Croatia

11:15-11:30 Li Zhou

China

11:15-11:30 Dean Wu

China

11:30-11:40 Renzong Ruan

China

Research on atmosphere parameter model based on CORS in sea surface temperature retrieval Long-term Change of Coastal Wetland in Jiangsu Province

11:30-11:40 Xiaoxia Shi

China

A swift solution for automatic 11:40-11:50 Wang water environmental monitoring Wenyu based on HJ-1 satellite imagery

China

11:40-11:50 Yuanfeng China Wu

11:50-11:55 Summary by Convener

High chlorophyll-a water in Tsushima Strait: Transport of possible upwelling water at the south of Cheju Island Understanding of flow pass variation of the Changjiang Diluted Water using satellite chlorophyll a in the East China Sea during summer Analysis Of In-Situ Hyperspectral Signature Of Pigments In Relation To Remote-Sensing And Biological Data Numerical modeling for optimize choice of the reclamation project in Tiaozini sands of Jiangsu coast Research of Relationship Between Coastal Urban Sprawl Based on CEM Model and Offshore Water Quality Remote Sensing Of Sea Surface Features: Implications Of Fisheries In North Pacific Ocean

11:50-11:55 Summary by Convener

xvii

5th December 2008, Friday (p.m.) Venue---CaiYun / Colorful Cloud Conference Room Venue------ZiYun / Purple Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme---Satellite Observation Theme--- --Global Change Session---SO3b, Multi-sensor studies in ocean remote Session----GC4, Low-frequency Oceanic Processes sensing Chairs-------Guoqi Han (Canada), Weigen Huang (China) Chairs ------ Xiaohai Yan (USA), William Emery (USA) Conveners--Guoqi Han (Canada), Weigen Huang (China) Conveners---Xiaohai Yan (USA), William Emery (USA) Time Speaker Country Title Time Speaker Country Title /region /region 14:00-14:15 S. Russia New data on the oceanic eddies 14:00-14:15 Guoqi Canada Labrador Current Variability Karimova in the Black Sea Han and NAO/AO Implications 14:15-14:30 Cho-ming Cheng

Hong Kong, China

Study of Wind Fields Associated 14:15-14:30 Linlin with Subtropical Squall Lines Zhang Using ENVISAT Synthetic Aperture Radar and Ground-based Radar Data

China

Interannual Variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current south of Australia from Altimeter Measurements

14:30-14:45 Shengbo CHEN

China

A Physical Algorithm to Retrieve 14:30-14:45 Xuhua Cheng Sea Surface Temperature and Atmospheric Profiles by Integrating MODIS Data on Terra and Aqua Satellite

China

Interannual to decadal variation of sea level in the Western Pacific warm pool derived from merged altimetry data

Structure And Dynamics Of Eddies In The Southern Okhotsk Sea

China

Seasonal and interannual variability of colored dissolved and detrital organic materials in the South China Sea

14:45-15:00 Eugene V. Russia Samko

14:45-15:00 Jinfeng MA

15:00-15:15 Summary by convener 15:00-15:20 Tea Break

15:15-15:30 Tea Break

Theme---------Workshop Theme-----Global Change Session------WS2, Workshop on Satellite Sensor Data and Session---GC6, Polar Oecanography International Co-operations Chairs-----Josefino C. Comiso (USA), Akira Shibata (Japan) Chairs--------Kristina Katsaros (USA), Delu Pan, Mingxia He (China) Conveners--Josefino C. Comiso (USA), Akira Shibata (Japan) Conveners-----Delu Pan (China), Kristina Katsaros (USA) Time Speaker Country Title Time Speaker Country Title /region /region 15:45-16:00 Akira 15:20-15:35 Kristina (USA) Background and Charge to Japan Rapid SST increase in the Katsaros (Invited) Participants for the Outcome of Shibata (invited) Chukchi Sea as observed by this Workshop AMSR-E in summer of 2007 15:35-15:50 Mark A. USA SAMOS and GOSUD Marine 16:00-16:15 Josefino C. USA Variability and Trends in the Bourassa (Invited) Observation Programs Comiso (invited) Arctic Winter Multiyear ice and Summer Ice 15:50-16:05 Sergey Russia Whether NWP surface products 16:15-16:30 Gad Levy USA A new paradigm for data Gulev (Invited) are effective for estimation (invited) assimilation sampling errors in VOS and satellite-based fluxes? 16:05-16:20 Ola Norway Arctic Issues 16:30-16:45 Lebedev Russia Seasonal and Interannual Johannessen (Invited) Sergey Sea Level and Ice Fraction Variability of the Barents and the White Seaa Based on Remote Sensing Data 16:20-16:35 Ramesh USA Ocean Related Natural Hazards 16:45-16:55 Xia Zhang China Impact of Climate Change on P. Singh (Invited) – Need of Oceanographic and Oceanic CO2 Fluxes in the Meteorological Parameters Southern Ocean Indicated by the Atmospheric Seasonal CO2 Cycle 16:35-16:50 Stan USA CEOS Virtual Constellations Wilson (Invited) 16:50-17:05 Stefano Italy The ALTICORE Project: 16:55-17:00 Assemble at the Baiyun Hotel Lobby; Board Vignudelli (Invited) experiences in sharing and the bus managing data for coastal altimetry 17:05-17:10 Summary by convener

xviii

5th December 2008, Friday (p.m.) Venue---HongYun / Red Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme--- Satellite Observation Session---SO5, SAR Application Chairs-------Antony K. Liu (USA), Yeli Yuan (China) Conveners--Antony K. Liu (USA), Yeli Yuan (China), Longsang Chiu (Hong Kong, China)

Venue---QingYun / Blue Cloud Conference Room Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme---Global Change Session---GC5, Satellite-based High-resolution SST and its Regional / Global Applications Chairs------Kawamura H (Japan), M. A. Lee (Taiwan, China) Conveners--Kawamura H (Japan), Lei Guan (China), M. A. Lee (Taiwan, China) Time Speaker Country Title Time Speaker Country Title /region /region 14:00-14:15 Weigen China A Method for Oil Spill 14:00-14:15 Craig The GHRSST Huang (Invited) Classification Donlon Netherlands (invited) 14:15-14:30 Andrei Yu. Russia Emergency Oil Spill in 14:15-14:30 Lei Guan China Merging of Satellite Infrared and Ivanov (Invited) the Kerch Strait: Radar Microwave Sea Surface Monitoring and Temperature by Discrete Wavelet Numerical Modeling Transform Satellite observation on the 14:30-14:45 David Y. Lai USA Spatial distribution of 14:30-14:45 Ming-An Taiwan, Lee China exceptional intrusion of cold water surface wave field along the and its impact on coastal fisheries Washington-Oregon around Peng-Hu Islands, Taiwan coast derived from Strait synthetic aperture radar images 14:45-15:00 Michael USA Characteristics of 14:45-15:00 Huiling China Hourly Sea Surface Temperature Caruso (Invited) Nonlinear Internal Qin retrieval using the latest Japanese Waves from Satellite geostationary satellite, Observations Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT) -1R Taiwan, Internal Wave Study in 15:00-15:15 Yi Chang Taiwan, 15:00-115:15 Hsu, A comparison of satellite-derived Ming-Kuang China the South China Sea China sea surface temperature front Antony K. USA Using SAR using resent two edge detection Liu methods 15:15-15:30 Lining Liu China SIFT based 15:15-15:30 Peinan China Seasonal And Interannual Image-to-image Zheng Variabilities Of Thermal Fronts In Coregistration for SAR Japan/East Sea Images 15:30-15:55 Tea Break

15:30-16:00 Tea Break

Chairs--Antony K. Liu (USA), Longsang Chiu (Hong Kong, China) Time Speaker Country Title /region 15:55-16:10 LIU, Antony USA Remote Sensing for K Advance to Future Ocean S&T 16:10-16:25 Jinsong China SAR Image Simulation Chong of Internal Wave Polarity Conversion 16:25-16:30 Jian Sun China Wave age retrieval from SAR images around coastal seas? 16:30-16:40 Qing Xu Hong Evaluation of an Kong, analytical model for China wind speed retrieval from SAR 16:40-16:50 Yue Ouyang China A Changeable Moving Step Level Set Method for Coastline Detection in SAR Images 16:50-17:00 Sen Zhang China Image Autocoregistration and InSAR Interferogram Estimation Using An Extended Comet-EXIP Method

Chairs----Kawamura H (Japan), Lei Guan (China) Time

Speaker Country /region Japan 16:00-16:15 Hiroshi Kawamura

Title

16:15-16:30 Caiyun Zhang

China

16:30-16:45 Kuo-Wei Lan

Taiwan, China

Satellite oceanography of the Taiwan Strait using high-resolution SST - A Review Evolution of a coastal upwelling event during summer 2004 in the southern Taiwan Strait Summertime SST fronts and upwelling around the Taiwan Bank

Validation of the AVHRR and TMI-derived sea surface temperature in the South China Sea 16:55-16:57 Summary by Convener 16:45-16:55 Chunhua Qiu

China

16:57-17:00 Assemble at the Baiyun Hotel Lobby; Board the bus

17:00-17:02 Summary by Convener 17:02-17:05 Assemble at the Baiyun Hotel Lobby; Board the bus

xix

5th Dec 2008, Friday Venue---Nanhai Shen (South China Sea God) Boat, Pearl River Theme---Boat trip along Pearl River Conveners------- Dongxiao Wang (China), Danling Tang (China)

Time

Location

17:00

Board the Bus

Assemble at the Baiyun Hotel Lobby

17:50

Nanhai Shen (South China Sea God) Boat

18:00-20:30

Cruise, meeting

Along the Pearl River

20:40

Board the Bus

Back to the Baiyun Hotel

6th Dec 2008, Saturday (a.m.) Venue---CaiYun / Colorful Cloud Conference Room, Baiyun Hotel 29th Floor Theme---Satellite Observation Session --- SO1, Special Session on Space Agencies-Current Missions and Plans (Invited Speech) Chairs--------------Kristina B. Katsaros (USA), Huadong Guo (China) Conveners----------Kristina B. Katsaros (USA), Huadong Guo (China)

Time

Speaker

Affiliation

Country /region China (Invited)

Title

08:30-08:45

Delu Pan

08:45-09:00

H. Shimoda

The Second Institute of Oceanography, SOA, JAXA

Japan (Invited)

JAXA's Earth Observing Program

09:00-09:15

Stan Wilson

NOAA

USA (Invited)

NOAA Current Missions and Plans

09:15-09:30

Yves Crevier

Canadian Space Agency,

Canada (Invited)

Integrated Oceans Management from Space: From Action to Coordination

09:30-09:45

Susanne Lehner

German Aerospace Germany Center (Invited)

09:45-10:00

Craig Donlon

ESA

Chinese environmental satellite mission and future

TerraSAR X Oceanography

The Ocean Missions of ESA Today and Tomorrow The Netherlands (Invited)

10:00-10:15 Tea Break

10:15-11:30

Plenary Assembly of the PORSEC Association (Chairs: K Kristina, Gower Jim)

Closing Ceremony: PORSEC awards; Transfer the PORSEC Banner 13:30

Visiting SCSIO (Chair: DX Wang) City Tour (pay at the JinYun/ Bright Cloud Meeting Room)

xx

(Chair: DanLing TANG)

Abstracts Of The 9th Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference (PORSEC2008)

2-6 December 2008 Guangzhou China

Abstract Contents ThemeⅠSatellite Observation System····················································································· 1 SO1 Special Session on Space Agencies-Current Missions and Plans ............................................................................. 1 SO2 Operational Applications of Ocean Satellite Observations....................................................................................... 2 SO3 Multi-sensor studies in ocean remote sensing .......................................................................................................... 8 SO4 Links between physical and biological mesoscale oceanic processes .................................................................... 13 SO5 SAR application...................................................................................................................................................... 16 ThemeⅡGlobal Change ······································································································· 19 GC1 Ocean’s Role in Global Water Cycles .................................................................................................................... 19 GC2 Marine Weather system: Study with passive and active Microwaves .................................................................... 21 GC3 Interactions between Ocean and Atmosphere, Satellite based Air-sea flux estimates ............................................ 24 GC4 Low-frequency Oceanic Processes......................................................................................................................... 30 GC5 Satellite-based High-resolution SST and its Regional / Global Applications......................................................... 31 GC6 Polar Oecanography ............................................................................................................................................... 34 ThemeⅢNatural Hazard ······································································································· 35 NH1 Natural Hazards and the Role of Satellite Observations ........................................................................................ 35 NH2 Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Coupling Associated with Natural Hazards .................................................................. 38 NH3 Fingerprints of Atmospheric Phenomena on the Ocean Surface............................................................................ 41 ThemeⅣCoastal Environment ······························································································ 44 CE1 Analysis of Satellite Water Color Data in Case2 Waters......................................................................................... 44 CE2 Coastal Ecosystems: Carbon Sources or Sinks? ..................................................................................................... 50 CE3 Remote Sensing and GIS Application to Coastal Waters and Coastal Zone Management ..................................... 52 ThemeⅤWorkshop ·············································································································· 58 WS1 Workshop on South China Sea and Indian Ocean: Ocean Processes in relation to Climate Changes ................... 58 WS2 Workshop on Satellite Sensor Data and International Co-operations .................................................................... 61 Poster Session ······················································································································ 64

PORSEC 2008, 2-6 Dec2008, Guangzhou, China

Delu Pan Second Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Hangzhou, China E-mail: [email protected]

work, allowing, for instance, coastal monitoring, sea ice mapping, ships detection, etc. Canada is among the world leaders in EO applications and utilizations. Since 2000, the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) EO Applications and Utilization Division (EOAU) have managed over 200 projects and distributed over $45M in funding to Canadian OGDs, industry and universities. The presentation will highlights CSA programs, projects and coordination activities related to EO and oceans management on the national and international scenes. Keywords: Ocean management, space-based earth observation, coordination

JAXA's earth observing program

TerraSAR-X oceanography

H. Shimoda Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Japan

Susanne Lehner German Aerospace Center, Germany E-mail: [email protected]

NOAA current missions and plans

TerraSAR-X is a high resolution right looking radar satellite that launched on June 15, 2007. TSX carries a high frequency X-band SAR sensor that can be operated in different modes (resolutions) and polarization. The satellite design is based on technology and knowledge achieved from the successful Synthetic Aperture Radar missions X-SAR/SIR-C and SRTM. The sensor operates in different modes: • the "Spotlight" mode with 10 x 10 km scenes at a resolution of 1-2 meters, • the "Stripmap"mode with 30 km wide strips at a resolution between 3 and 6 meters, the "ScanSAR" mode with 100 km wide strips at a resolution of 16 meters. additionally TerraSAR-X supports the reception of interferometric radar data for the generation of digital elevation models. Radar Images are of particularly interest for oceanographers due to the fact that using radar the sea surface can be observed through clouds and independent of illumination by sunlight. Several ocean images acquired over the coastal areas of the Pacific are shown. These image can be used to measure the wind field and the sea state to a high resolution and are thus well suited to investigate the variable conditions in coastal areas. The changing wind field caused by coastal topography can be observed as well as the change in wave length and direction as the ocean waves arrive at the shore. The streaks on the sea surface of the image are used to determine the wind direction. The dark shadows behind the coast help to resolve the 180 degree ambiguity, it can be determined whether the wind is blowing too or away from the coast. The intensity of the image is used to derive the wind speed. Higher wind speeds cause a rougher sea surface and thus more of the incoming radar beam is scattered back to the satellite antenna. Thus, depending on the incidence angle high wind speeds cause bright intensity on the image. To derive the wind field from the SAR images, first the direction of these visible wind streaks is determined. Then the intensity of the calibrated images is used together with the direction to determine the wind speed. For the use with TerraSAR X images a new X band wind speed algorithm XMOD had to be developed. From the radar images ocean wave length, direction and significant wave height can be determined. The change of ocean waves approaching the shoreline and breaking finally can is measured and used to determine underwater topography.

ThemeⅠSatellite Observation System SO1 Special Session on Space Agencies-Current Missions and Plans Chinese environmental satellite mission and future

Stan Wilson National Environmental Satellite Data and Information System, NOAA,USA E-mail: [email protected] In its effort to develop an operational space-based program for ocean observations, NOAA – in partnership with EUMETSAT – has assumed responsibility for the routine ground operations and data processing for the CNES/NASA joint OSTM/Jason-2 altimetry mission that was just launched (June 2008). As a next step, NOAA and EUMETSAT, with the support of CNES and NASA/JPL, are seeking new funding (NOAA FY10 budget) for a follow-on mission, Jason-3, to be available for overlap with Jason-2 in early 2013. NOAA is using surface vector winds (SVW) from EUMETSAT’s ASCAT on MetOp to supplement those from NASA’s current QuikSCAT satellite, as well as discussing with ISRO collaboration in the use of Oceansat-2 scatterometer data. NOAA is also seeking new support (NOAA FY11 budget) for an advanced scatterometer to follow QuikSCAT. NOAA is using ocean color observations from NASA’s SeaWiFS and MODIS, as well as discussing with ESA and ISRO collaboration in the use of ocean color data from their satellites. NOAA is also looking to VIIRS on NPOESS as a potential source of ocean color data. Integrated Oceans Management From Space: From Action to Coordination CREVIER, Yves1, AUBÉ, Guy2 1 User Niche Program 2 Government Related Initiatives Program 1&2 Earth Observation Applications and Utilizations, Canadian Space Agency, 6767 Route de l'Aéroport, Longueil, Québec, J3Y 3Y9, Canada E-mail: [email protected] Today we see an ever-increasing number of demands on oceans, coastal zones and their resources. While traditional fishing and marine transportation continue to be of prime importance, they are now joined by other uses, such as aquaculture, oil and gas exploration, eco-tourism, search and rescue operations, etc. With over $20 billion in annual economic activity, Canada's oceans and their resources are significant contributors to the overall Canadian economy. Our need for tools to predict and monitor short and long-term environmental and global changes has never been greater. Improved, up-to-date environmental data is needed to plan for environmentally and economically sound growth and to develop more sustainable practices to protect our waters and lands. Space-based Earth Observation (EO) provides us with unique and essential information to understand how our oceans environments

The Ocean Missions of ESA Today and Tomorrow Craig Donlon European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] Today, ESA's Living Planet Programme addresses the demand for accurate satellite data to be used for many applications related to understanding, protecting, and securing the ocean environment in which we live. The ESA Living Planet Program is comprised of two main components: a science and research element, which 1


including CMAP, NCEP, GPCP, OPI, GPI and TRMM. Our model results indicate that 1) the effects of precipitation are not limited to the surface; both salinity and temperature have significant subsurface variations; 2) in contrast to salinity, which shows maximum differences among model runs at the surface due to different precipitations, the temperature differences have subsurface maxima obviously related to different thermocline responses; 3) both ocean dynamics and thermodynamics are sensitive to the prescription of precipitation. For instance, over most of the tropical Atlantic, NCEP reanalysis gives heavier rainfall as compared to CMAP, which freshens up the upper ocean and increases SST by trapping surface heat input to a shallower mixed layer. In the meantime, because the precipitation is more excessive in the western than the eastern Atlantic, the zonal pressure gradient is reduced, resulting in a flattening of the thermocline. The situations for the model runs with satellite products are just the opposite, because they all give less rainfall in the tropical Atlantic as compared to CMAP. The same reasoning can also be used to explain the thermohaline responses in the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans.

includes the Earth Explorer missions, and the Earth Watch element designed to facilitate the delivery of Earth Observation data for the use in operational services. Earth Watch includes the well-established meteorological missions with the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT). Many of these missions have provided unique global and regional observations of the ocean. Earth Explorer missions are designed to address critical and specific issues that have been raised by the science community whilst demonstrating breakthrough technology in observing techniques. Resulting missions are developed efficiently and provide the exact data required by the user. This approach also gives Europe an excellent opportunity for international cooperation, both within the wide scientific domain and also in the technological development of new missions. Of particular interest to the ocean community are the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission, the Cryosat-2 Mission, and the Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) mission. Though a new element of its Living Planet Programme, ESA will commit to facilitate the provision and use of information for the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) initiative led together with the European Commission as part of its analogous Kopernikus program. This will provide unique information to underpin Europe's goal regarding sustainable development and global governance, in support of environmental and security policies. The aim is to facilitate the acquisition, and distribution of all useful data and information. As such, GMES/EU-Kopernikus represents a vital part of Europe's contribution to issues affecting the global environment. ESA is currently conducting a suite of activities to define more precisely the space component of GMES. Amongst other things, these activities include studies into new families of satellites called Sentinels and addressing the issues of standardising and improving Ground Segment infrastructures. Sentinel-1 will provide a C-band SAR mission and Sentinel-3 a global oceanography Mission including a 21 band ocean colour radiometer, an ATSR class infrared radiometer and a radar altimeter. Finally, turning data into operational services requires that long-term relationships are developed between research institutes, service organisations and user communities. ESA's Data User Element (DUE) aims to raise awareness with respect to the applicability of Earth Observation in day-to-day operations. ESA's Earth Observation Market Development (EOMD) programme complements the DUE by providing the framework within which to organise end-to-end service chains capable of leveraging Earth Observation data into commercial tools. This presentation will review the ESA Living Planet Programme highlighting the ocean missions of today and tomorrow.

Spectral ocean radiance transfer investigation experiment (SORTIE) Marlon Lewis Dalhousie University, Canada E-mail: [email protected] Ocean color measurements from space, whether they are from polar orbiting or geostationary platforms, require similar calibration and validation efforts. While extensive pre-launch sensor characterization is critical for all ocean color missions, in situ match-up measurements are required post-launch to validate and reduce uncertainties in the ongoing operational space-based observations to within acceptable criteria (=vicarious calibration and characterization, VC2). This is particularly true when satellite observations are planned to be used to detect and evaluate climate-related changes in the global ocean. The Marine Optical Buoy (MOBY) in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii has been a very important observation and vicarious calibration platform for NASA, and other agencies. However, additional VC2 facilities and locations, sampling a variety of atmospheric and oceanic conditions, should now be considered to augment this single-point site. Within the new NASA-sponsored Spectral Ocean Radiance Transfer Investigation Experiment (SORTIE) program, we show that substantial improvements can be made in the uncertainty associated with VC2 of ocean color sensors by combining hyperspectral apparent optical property (AOP) and inherent optical property (lOP) measurements in oligotrophic and coastal areas, with state-of-the-art radiative transfer modeling. We use hyperspectral free-fall radiometers of advanced design, characterization, and deployment strategy to demonstrate radiometric uncertainty comparable to that demonstrated for MOBY instruments. We have validated the approach to high precision VC2 over two seasons at the Hawaii site by comparing derived normalized water-leaving radiances, coupled with measurements of the full upwelling radiance distribution and IOP fields, with results of concurrent measurements using MOBY instruments and methods, and with satellite-based observations. Furthermore, we have fielded and validated the approach in U.S. Pacific coastal waters, and extensively in the Mediterranean Sea; results from these missions and concurrent satellite overflights will be presented, and implications for future global ocean color calibration and validation efforts will be discussed.

SO2 Operational Applications of Ocean Satellite Observations Sensitivity of tropical ocean simulation to uncertainties in precipitation Dake CHEN Second Institute of Oceanography, SOA, China E-mail: [email protected] Uncertainties in rainfall estimation are notoriously large. Presently available precipitation products differ from one another not only in magnitude but also in detailed spatial structures, despite their general similarity in large-scale patterns. It is important to understand how strongly and in what way such uncertainties would affect ocean models that include freshwater forcing. In order to quantify the sensitivity of ocean simulation to rainfall, we carried out a suite of experiments using the Lamont OGCM, forced with a large collection of precipitation products,

Assessment and refinement of altimeter-derived sea state products: wave period and wave slope variation Hui Feng1, Doug Vandemark1, and Yves Quilfen2 1 Ocean Process Analysis Laboratory, University of New 2


basket (HPB): if HPB≦12 named RLL whereas HPB≧13 named DLL. Then we matched the monthly maps of NPP and BET CPUE, and found that the BET CPUE of DLL in number (N/1000hooks) was significantly restrained in high NPP area where CPUE in weight (Kg/1000 hooks) were much higher than RLL’s. BET CPUE of RLL was mostly located in areas surrounding lower NPP area, with little exception in the high NPP area. The movement of the high NPP area can result in significant shift of BET CPUE in both DLL and RLL, especially during El Niño and La Niña periods. Therefore, the variability of net primary production is an explainable variable to explain variability of BET CPUE distribution in the Pacific Ocean. However, during the El Niño and La Niña periods the fluctuations of BET CPUE were more than NPP’s effects. We also analyze the subsurface water temperature data (include MLD) to discuss the physical effect of vertical structure on BET’s spatial distribution. Keywords: Bigeye tuna, Eppley-VGPM, Net primary production

Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA. 2 IFREMER/Center de Breast, Plouzane, France E-mail: [email protected] Sea state is often described using statistical quantities derived from a directional gravity wave height spectrum. In addition to the significant wave height (Hs), a parameter used to describe general sea state conditions, two others are mean wave period (Tm) and the surface slope variance (MSS), each providing a different focus on the full wave spectrum. Hs and Tm can be derived from buoy-measured wave spectral moments while buoy-calculated MSS is only a partial measure, sensitive to longer-wave slopes, because buoys typically only measure wave slopes for wavelengths longer than ~10 meter. Satellite nadir-viewing radar altimeters (such as Jason-1, Jason-2 and TOPEX) directly infer Hs with well-accepted accuracy. They also measure the normalized radar cross section (NRCS) at both Kuand C-band frequencies. NRCS has been used to map wind speed (U10) and also combined with altimeter Hs to account for an observed sea state dependence in the relation between NRCS and U10. For the last 15 years, altimeter missions have routinely rendered high-quality wind wave products, Hs and U10. Recently, some attention has been given to deriving additional sea state products (e.g. Tm and MSS) based on altimeter measurements (i.e. Hs and NRCS). With buoy-altimeter collocated data, altimeter-based algorithms of Tm have been developed to relate Tm to Hs and NRCS measurements (Gommenginger et al. 2003, G03; Quilfen et al., 2004, Q04 and Mackay et al. 2008, M08) in a parametric or non-parametric way. G03 and M08 used Ku-Hs and Ku-NRCS in a parametric approach but M08 used a two-piece parametric model, and Q04 used Ku-Hs, Ku-and C- NRCS in a neural networking approach. M08 showed the performance of its Tm model is most accurate. Similar to the approach to Tm’s , an altimeter-based algorithm of long wave MSS (LMSS) was also proposed (Gourrion et al., 2002) to relate LMSS to C and Ku-band NRCS data in combined use of altimeter-measured Hs. In this paper, we will use a large dataset of altimeter (TOPEX, Jason-1) measurements collocated with National Data Buoy Center buoys to provide a comprehensive assessment of the altimeter-derived Tm and MSS data. Specifically we will 1) clearly document the performance limits of these up-to-date Tm and MSS models and understand their range of applicability, and 2) explore the potential need to rederive Tm and MSS algorithms by maximizing use of all measurements from both Ku and C bands in parametric and non-parametric modeling approaches.

The correlation of the surface circulation between the Western Pacific and the South China Sea from satellite altimetry data Yinghui HE1,2, Shuqun CAI 1*, Shengan WANG1 1 LED, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China 2 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China E-mail: [email protected] Based on the singular value decomposition(SVD) of fifteen years of the sea surface height from satellite altimetry data, both the correlation of the surface circulation between the Western Pacific and the South China Sea(SCS) and the effect of the circulation and mesoscale eddies in the Western Pacific on the SCS are studied. The results show that the first mode obtained from SVD depicts the close correlation between the cyclonic eddy from the west of the Luzon Island to the 114˚E in the northern SCS and the sea surface height (SSH) of the North Equatorial Current (NEC) system. When the SSH of the NEC reduces, the cyclonic eddy west of the Luzon Island strengthens, and vice versa, when the SSH of the NEC increases, the cyclonic eddy weakens. Both of their time series are in phase of annual cycle and decadal cycle, which reach minimum between January and February and maximum between July and August. The variety of decadal cycles is related to the ENSO events. Moreover, there is a quasi-two-year oscillation in the domain of the NEC system. High correlation with a coefficient greater than 0.7 is found between the current fields to the east and west of the Luzon Island. The second mode of SVD depicts the cyclonic/anticyclonic circulation in the whole SCS, which is shown as a maximum cyclonic circulation with a minimum time series in November and a maximum anticyclonic circulation with a maximum time series in April. In the Western Pacific, the anomalies in the zones of the Subtropical Counter Current (SCC), the NEC and the Mindanao eddy are shown as a negative, a positive and a negative, respectively, which are similar to the phase anomaly in the SCS. Moreover, there is also a quasi-90-day oscillation in the Western Pacific. The correlation of the variability of the mesoscale eddies is shown in 3rd and 4th modes. Based on the satellite altimetry data, it is also found that, when the mesoscale eddies in the zones of the SCC and NEC propagate westward to the Luzon Strait in the form of Rossby wave, they may deform in the western boundary current domain from 120˚E to 122˚E due to the nonlinear interactions such as eddy-current or eddy-eddy interactions, then, most of them would move northward along the Kuroshio, some would dissipate east of the Luzon Strait, and a few would propagate into the SCS, e.g., two cyclonic eddy born in about 15˚N of the NEC zone in the

Distribution of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in relation to variability of net primary production in the Pacific Ocean Yi-Hui CAI, I-Hsun Ni, Hsueh-Jung Lu Dept of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean Univ. 2 Pei-Ning Rd, 20224, Keelung, Taiwan, R.O.C. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] The catch per unit effort (CPUE) and spatial distribution of bigeye tuna (BET) caught by Taiwanese longline varied annually, which is particularly significant in the Equatorial region during El Niño period. Basin-scale variability of sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll a (chl-a) are two major ocean surface factors that often used to describe habitat range or even to locate tuna fishing ground of tunas. However, for BET in correlations with temporal average of SST, chl-a and CPUE are always poor due to complexity of ocean process and fish behaviors. In this study, we use Eppley-vertically Generalized Production Model (VGPM), a “chlorophyll-based” algorithm incorporated factors of surface chl-a, surface irradiance, SST and day length, to compute net primary production (NPP) values. Fishing efforts from September 1997 to December 2005 were separated into Deep Longliner (DLL) and Regular Longliner (RLL) by hooks per

*

3

Corresponding author, Email: [email protected]


INSTANT (International Nusantara Stratification and Transport) program in 2003-2007, previous ITF measurement have been done at various straits and different times which make it difficult to ensemble the ITF mean. INSTANT program involved five countries and deployed 11 moorings in the main input and output passages of the ITF. In this research, I will use various remotely sensed data i.e. sea surface height, surface winds and sea surface temperature as proxy of ITF. Having ITF in situ measurement from Arlindo and INSTANT programs, we could compare a proxy from remotely sensed data and in situ observation.

winters of 2003 and 2004, respectively are found to propagate into the SCS. Due to the eddy-current interaction, the Kuroshio would meander in the Luzon Strait, then, a mesoscale eddy may be shed from the Kuroshio itself or induced in the west of the Luzon Strait, which propagates into the northwestern SCS and disappears in the continental shelf. A new wind speed algorithm for altimeter at high wind speeds Yanzhen GU*1, Yuguang LIU1, Yahao LIU1, Xueyuan LIU1, Yujuan MA1, Qing Xu 2 1 Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China 2 Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong E-mail: [email protected]

An observation of the three-dimensional structure of a cross-shelf penetrating front off the Changjiang mouth Dongliang YUAN1, Ruixiang LI1,2, Hui ZHOU1, Lei HE1, Fan WANG1, Hui LEI3, Dunxin Hu1 1 Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China 2 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 3 Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administrative, Hangzhou, China E-mail: [email protected]

High wind accompanies the typhoon can bring dramatic impact for the coast, it is necessary and important to study high wind speed. However the altimeter wind speed algorithm at high wind speeds remains unsolved due to lack of high wind speed data. In this paper high wind speeds were generated by Rankine vortex model and angular momentum model with the parameters provide by Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC), and its accuracy can be validated through comparing with recorded data. By comparing the normalized radar cross sections detected by Jason-1 altimeter with these wind speed data, an empirical algorithm valid for wind speed range between 10 and 40m/s is developed. Further, we take the proposed algorithm to compare with Jason-1 operational algorithm and Young algorithm. Study shows that the root mean square (RMS) and the mean relative error of the proposed algorithm and the operational algorithm for Jason-1 are 3.38m/s, 18% and 3.60m/s, 19%, respectively, when the value of wind speed less than 27m/s. So the proposed algorithm keeps good agreement with operational algorithm for Jason-1 altimeter for the wind speed range from 10m/s to 27m/s. However the Jason-1 operational algorithm is useless when the wind speed higher than 27m/s, because the wind speeds used in the algorithm training were retrieved by scatterometer, which are significantly lower than the expected ones under strong wind and heavy rain condition. Compared with Young algorithm, that RMS and the mean relative error of the proposed algorithm and the Young algorithm are 6.27m/s, 16% and 15.18m/s, 59%, respectively as the value of wind speed bigger than 20m/s. Holland model can not accurately model outer typhoon wind field since it extents the cyclonic winds to infinity. As a result, Young’s algorithm retrieves wind speed to a low accuracy, the proposed algorithm can reflect sea surface wind speed situation more accurately. Therefore, the proposed algorithm is an improved one, and it can be treated as supplementary algorithm to Jason-1 operational algorithm at high wind speed.

Satellite images and in situ hydrography and nutrient observations are used to study the three-dimensional structure of a penetrating front off the Changjiang mouth in the East China Sea. The satellite images of MODIS/Terra on October 16, 2003 show anomalously high concentration of chlorophyll and total suspended sediments extending offshore from the mean coastal front off the Chiangjiang mouth. However, the sea surface temperature image of the same satellite shows no signature of this extension at all. The in situ hydrography measured during the same time as the satellite passage discloses that the surface layer of the front is occupied by low salinity waters from the nearshore area, which suggests a cross-shelf intruding jet covering a distance of about 50 km. A counter intrusion underneath the surface offshore jet is indicated by an increase of the subsurface temperature and salinity during the offshore excursion of the front, which leads to a significant temperature inversion at the head of the front. The vertical temperature and salinity distribution shows propensity of double diffusive processes, which appear to contribute to the ensuing evolution of the front. The nutrient distribution of the front is consistent with the cross-shelf jet derived from the hydrographic data, with surface and bottom intensified concentrations and minimum mid-depth concentrations, suggesting that the primary transport of the nutrients is in the horizontal cross-shelf direction. The potential dynamics of the frontal intrusion is discussed in light of wind forcing and frontal instability. The intrusion is found to be very important to cross-shelf and cross-front exchanges in the East China Sea.

Remotely sensed data as a proxy of Indonesian throughflow Study of trapped atmospheric gravity waves over the South China Sea observed on the spaceborne radar and visible-channel weather satellite images

Raden Dwi Susanto USA E-mail: [email protected]

Cho-ming Cheng¹,Werner Alpers² ¹Hong Kong Observatory, Hong Kong ²Institute of Oceanography, Centre for Marine and Climate Research, University of Hamburg, Germany E-mail: [email protected]

It is well known that Indonesian throughflow ( ITF), exchange water mass and heat fluxes from the tropical Pacific to Indian Ocean via Indonesian Seas, plays major role in the global ocean circulation and climate. Given the important of ITF, it is desirable to have a proxy of ITF not only its magnitude and variability but also to monitor in long term, either using remotely sensed data or numerical model. In the last three decades, oceanographers were eager to estimate and measure ITF magnitude and its variability. Based literature, there is a wide range value of ITF from 0 to 25Sv. Because Indonesian Seas has complex topography and coastline geometry with many passages, it is very expensive and logistically challenging to have filed measurement of ITF. Before

Atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) often manifest themselves in cloud patterns discernible on visible-channel images from weather satellites. They are common in winter when the atmosphere is stable with a low-level temperature inversion trapping these waves below. Sometimes AGWs are also visible on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired over the ocean because the AGWs 4


context of planetary science, it is a measure of the subsurface’s ability to store heat during the day and reradiate it during the night. The calculation of the thermal inertia is depended on the computing of the surface albedo and diurnal temperature difference. The diurnal temperature difference can be calculated after getting the day time SST using ASTER data and night time SST using the MODIS data respectively. The surface albedo can be obtained through weighting the spectral reflectance of ASTER data. The weight index is the simulated values using 6S model obtained by Liang et al.(2000). Firstly, the Yinggehai region in which developed large areas of oil spill was regarded as the testing area. By comparing the results obtained from the drilling materials and the thermal anomalies obtained from the satellite images, we found that the areas with oil spill have a lower sea surface temperature and higher apparent thermal inertia values than the surrounding areas. These results were looked as a priori knowledge for the detection of the possibly oil regions in the Dongsha Island of South China Sea using the same method by which some areas of the possibly potential oil basins were enclosed. These results provide us a macro, helpful and scientific support for the final decision-making of oil exploration.

propagating in the marine boundary leave a fingerprint on the ocean surface. They are associated with variable surface winds which modulate the short-scale sea surface roughness and thus the backscattered radar power. SAR has the advantage over optical sensors that it can detect AGWs even when the sky is overcast and when there is no sunlight. In this paper we present three SAR images from the Advanced SAR (ASAR) onboard the European ENVISAT satellite showing sea surface signatures of trapped AGWs and study them in synergism with visible-channel images from the Japanese MTSAT satellite, weather radar images of the Hong Kong Observatory, and radiosonde data. On 8 March 2007 ASAR captured wave patterns over the northern part of the South China Sea. The occurrence of AGWs is consistent with the existence of a strong low-level inversion near the coast of southern China. On the same day, similar wave patterns appeared in the visible-channel satellite images. One interesting feature on the ASAR image is the existence of lateral boundaries for the trapped gravity waves. These boundaries are believed to be resulted from horizontal wind shear associated with a monsoon trough and with mountain wakes. The low-level temperature inversion and the horizontal boundaries form a waveguide, enabling the AGWS to propagate over several hundred kilometers in the horizontal direction. Based on analysis of the upper air ascent data from Hong Kong, the thermodynamic properties of the atmosphere are investigated. The Scorer parameter is found to decrease with height at low levels, consistent with conventional AGW theory. AGWs are sometimes observed when there is no low-level temperature inversion. One such case occurred just off the coast of Guangdong on 27 March 2007, when a cold front lied over inland Guangdong. The waves appeared within the warm air sector of the cold front. The sea surface signature of AGWS on the ASAR image is not as strong as that observed on 8 March 2007, which could be due to the absence of a low-level temperature inversion. Yet, wave patterns are clearly discernible on both the ASAR image and the visible-channel satellite image. In this case, a strong vertical wind shear layer is believed to form a vertical boundary of the waveguide. Wave guide type conditions also occurred on 12 March 2006 when a very strong low-level inversion was present. Like the case on 8 March 2007, the AGW existed over the northern part of the South China Sea on the cold air sector of the cold front. However, different from the conventional AGW theory, the Scorer parameter calculated from the radiosonde data on this day did not show a decrease with height at low levels.

Wave parameters retrieved from Quikscat data Jie GUO 1,2, Yijun HE1 Xiaoqing CHU1,2 1 Institute of oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Chin; 2 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China E-mail:[email protected] It is well known that the ocean wave parameters, significant wave height, wave period, and wave direction, are used to describe ocean wave. In the past, ocean wave parameters were observed by gauges and buoys. It is impossible to get these parameters on a large areas or global oceans using the point measurement method. The status has been changed since the oceanic satellite was launched. Up to now, the synthetic aperture radar is only the sensor to be used to measure ocean wave spectrum. However, because of the azimuthal wave cutoff and lack of power, it can not get the global high resolution ocean wave spectrum. Its application is also limited for ocean wave. The significant wave height (H1/3) can be measured globally by satellite radar altimeter and is inferred directly from the shape of the radar pulse returning to the nadir looking altimeter assuming Gaussian surface elevations. More over, wind speed is retrieved from the RCS measured by altimeter. Hwang et al, established the relation among wind speed, wave period and H1/3 using the buoys in the Gulf of Mexico region and estimated the wave periods from wind speeds and wave heights measured by altimeter. Although these wave parameters can be measured 7 km resolution along track, the two dimensional spatial resolution is too low, it is limited its applications. Scatterometery is a specialized sensor to measure sea surface wind vector. Its spatial resolution is 50km or less. The accuracy measuring wind speed is about 2m/s. The QuikSCAT can cover 98% global oceans twice days and has been applied widely. The principle of measuring wind vector using scatterometery is that radar scattering cross section (RCS) depends on the wind vector. In fact, the RCS represents the radar returning intensity of the sea surface, which is forced by wind. Usually ocean wave includes wind wave and swell. Therefore the RCS not only depends on wind vector, but also on ocean wave. For the Tropical Rainfall Mapping Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR) and two satellite altimeters, namely: 1) Jason-1 and 2) ENVISAT, Tran et al. shows the RCS depends on the ocean wave, wind speed. Stephen et al shows the RCS not only depends on the wind wave but also depends on the swell in Ku band. A new model is proposed to estimate significant wave heights from QuikSCAT scatterometer data. We find that the relationship between wave parameters and the radar backscattering cross section is similar to that between the radar

Detection of thermal anomaly from SST and thermal inertia in South China Sea Combining ASTER and MODIS Data Guoyin CAI E-mail: [email protected] The detection of thermal anomaly using satellite images is one of the important ways for the oil exploration in the sea region. High resolution satellite images can be used as an approach of early oil detection because of its’ characteristics of almost real time, high temporal and spatial resolution, continuous and large range of covering. In this paper, the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) data were collected to detect the possible oil regions in the South China Sea from thermal anomaly including sea surface temperature (SST) and thermal inertia. MODIS data was used in the night time because there was no available ASTER data in night time correspondingly to the day time satellite images. SST is a key factor in the applications of climate modeling, environment monitoring and some natural disasters. The retrieval of SST is based on the algorithm of split-window method which is widely used and approved to be a good algorithm for the SST derivation. Thermal inertia is a physical parameter representing the ability of a material to conduct and store heat, and in the 5


and OBP data for studying strait circulation and inter-ocean transport, as well as our preliminary results by combining available altimetry and gravimetry data for a better estimate of inter-ocean transport, based on the three years time series of measurements from the INSTANT program [Sprintall et al., EOS, 2004], ongoing-projects measuring the throughflows in the Luzon, Mindoro, Karimata and Makassar Straits, and modelling support from a high-resolution global model with a terrain-following coordinate system for better resolving the strait geometry.

backscattering cross section and wind. 1. The retrieval algorithm of ocean wave parameters The model for the relation between significant wave height and the radar cross section is obtained by a neural network algorithm. 2. CONCLUSION The significant wave height retrieval model is established using QuikSCAT scatterometer data and NDBC buoy wave data. The results show that the significant wave height of wind wave and swell can be measured by QuikSCAT scatterometer and the bias, average absolute error and root mean square of the H1/3 retrievals with these measured by buoy are 0.0025m, 0.43m, 0.55m ; respectively.

Enhancements of phytoplankton chlorophyll and primary production in the upwelling region northeast of Taiwan following the episodic typhoon passage

Assimilation of Satellite Data in Real-Time Coastal Ocean Data Assimilation and Forecasting Systems

Eko Siswanto, Akihiko Morimoto Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, Nagoya University, Japan E-mail: [email protected]

Zhijin Li, Yi Chao Jet Propulsion Laboratory 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, USA E-mail: [email protected]

Using high resolution SeaWiFS (Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor) and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data, we investigated the enhancements of Chl-a concentration (Chl-a) and primary production (PP) associated with the passage of tropical cyclones (hereinafter referred to as typhoon) that crossed over the northeast of Taiwan (NoT) and its adjacent areas within the period from 2003 to 2007. The PP enhancements were computed employing established PP model with the inputs of merged SeaWiFS and MODIS Chl-a, MODIS sea surface temperature (SST), and SeaWiFS photosynthetically available radiance (PAR). Plotting the mean enhancements of Chl-a and PP over the NoT against the post- and pre-typhoon SST difference, there was a tendency that the enhancements of Chl-a and PP inversely correlated with post- and pre-typhoon SST difference. This means that any physical perturbations (e.g., upwelling) associated with the episodic typhoon event that brought cold water from deep layer to surface layer, also allowed nutrients to be pumped from deep layer to euphotic zone. This nutrient supply seemed likely to stimulate phytoplankton growth observed as Chl-a and PP enhancements. Among the investigated typhoons, by average, the highest Chl-a and PP enhancements were caused by the passage of Typhoon Haitang (July 2005) with the magnitudes of 1.06 mg m-3 and 1229 mgC m-2 d-1, respectively. Such highest Chl-a and PP enhancements were accompanied with the most intense surface cooling by average -1.84 oC. The lowest enhancements were associated with the passage of Khanun (September 2005) with magnitude of Chl-a and PP enhancements were 0.03 mg m-3 and 59 mgC m-2 d-1, respectively. The remarkable Chl-a bloom and PP enhancement following Haitang would not occur without a large input of nutrients. Besides nutrient input from river runoff due to high rainfall during Haitang event, a notable sea surface cooling seemed also to indicate an upwelling by which a large amount of nutrients were pumped up from deep layer to surface layer and in turn stimulated phytoplankton growth. It has been reported that, the passage of typhoon over the northern Taiwan leads to shelfward movement of Kuroshio Current axis and enhance subsurface Kurohio upwelling. In fact, high frequency (HF) radar data clearly exhibited a landward movement of Kuroshio current axis following the passage of Haitang. Such a shelfward movement of Kuroshio Current main axis probably non-trivially enhanced local upwelling in this area resulting in high biological activities. Besides the shelfward movement of Kuroshio Current main axis, typhoon variables of maximum sustained wind speed and typhoon translation speed may be also important candidates determining the strength of surface cooling, Chl-a bloom, as well as PP enhancement, as now being investigated.

A three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) system (ROMS3DVAR) has been developed for the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). This system provides a capability of predicting meso- to small-scale variations with temporal scales from hours to days in coastal oceans. Novel strategies are implemented, including the implementation of three-dimensional anisotropic and inhomogeneous error correlations, application of particular weak dynamic constraints, and implementation of efficient and reliable algorithms for minimizing the cost function. ROMS3DVAR has been implemented in real time in support of coastal ocean observing systems off California, USA. ROMS3DVAR assimilates a variety of observations, including satellite sea surface temperatures and sea surface heights, High Frequency (HF) radar velocities, ship reports and other available temperature and salinity profiles. Impacts of various observations, particularly satellite observations, are discussed. Strait and inter-ocean transport estimation using altimetry SSH and gravimetry OBP Y. Tony SONG Jet Propulsion Laboratory, USA E-mail: [email protected] Strait and Inter-Ocean Transport Estimation Using Altimetry SSH and Gravimetry OBP Y. Tony Song (JPL, Caltech) Dwi Susanto (LEO, Columbia University) C.K. Shum (OSU) Strait and inter-ocean transport are of fundamental interest to physical oceanography and ocean climate considerations, but are poorly understood and difficult to measure because long-term direct measurements of strait circulations are an expensive alternative and their implementation remains logistically challenging. We hypothesize that the magnitude and variability of strait transport varies with sea-surface height (SSH) and ocean bottom pressure (OBP) gradients between two inter-connected oceans. The combined 15-year TP/Jason-1 and other altimetry data has been the great resource of ocean surface topography, and the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission has been delivering temporal gravity data for five years with some oceanographic applications. Recently, we have developed a theoretical method based on the combination of the “geostrophic control” and the “hydraulic control” principles—allowing the use of SSH and OBP variables for estimating inter-ocean transport and separating the transport into surface and bottom fluxes [Song, JGR, 2006], providing a potential use of satellite measurements for operational applications. This work focuses on estimation of the Indonesian throughflow (ITF) transport by combining satellite and in-situ observations with analytical and numerical models. We will report our innovative methodology using satellite SSH

Spatial distribution characteristics of skipjack tuna schools in Western Central Pacific Ocean in association with ENSO 6

PORSEC 2008, 2-6 Dec2008, Guangzhou, China *

Spatial-temporal distributions of tuna species and its potential habitats derived from multi-satellite data in the western and central Pacific Ocean

Chia-Hua HSIEH , Hsueh-Jung LU , and Pei-Chung Hsu Dept of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean Univ. 2 Pei-Ning Rd, 20224, Keelung, Taiwan, R.O.C. E-mail: M96310008@ mail.ntou.edu.tw, [email protected]

Chen-Te Tseng1,2, Chi-Lu Sun2, Su-Zan Yeh2, Shih-Chin Chen1, Wei-Cheng Su1 1 Fisheries Research Institute, Keelung, 202, Taiwan, ROC 2 Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC E-mail: [email protected]

Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) in the Western and Central of Pacific Ocean (WCPO) with annual catch about 1.3 million tons is one of the largest tuna stock in the world. Due to frequent occurrences of El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in recent years, the population of skipjack tuna tends to conduct large scale migration and results in variability of fishing condition and stock status. In this study, we applied GIS spatial analysis tool to characterize the fluctuation of chlorophyll-a concentrations (chl-a) and sea surface temperature (SST) in Equatorial Pacific, then matched with the spatio-temporal characteristics of school type compositions of skipjack schools collected from Taiwanese purse seine fishery during 1997-2006. The results are summarized as follow: (1) The gravities of fishing ground mainly changed in longitudinal direction and seasonal displacement were mainly along the Equator. (2) Movement of the zonal extent of 29°C isotherm (indicator of warm pool edge) and gravities (free, log and FAD schools) shows in phase motions and correlations among each other reach significant level (p18°C) appeared after 21 February, an indication of the northward recession of the cold water. It was emphasized that the China Coastal Current intruded to as far south as the water around Peng-Hu Islands from 15 to 21 February. Before and after the period of exceptional intrusion around Peng-Hu Islands, the impacts on coastal fisheries were evaluated. The wind speed also showed a sharp increase since 16 January, the strong wind speed peaked to the maximum of 8 m/s and lasted for more than 3 weeks with an average of 6.7 m/s. We thus suggested that the exceptional cold SSTs around Chang-Yuen Ridge and Peng-Hu Islands in February of 2008 probably were caused by the more southward intrusion of China Coastal Current driven by the continuous strong wind. Hourly sea surface temperature retrieval using the latest Japanese geostationary satellite, Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT) -1R Huiling QIN, Futoki Sakaida, Hiroshi Kawamura Center for Atmosphere and Oceanic Studies, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan E-mail: [email protected]

Seasonal and interannual variabilities of thermal fronts in Japan/East Sea Peinan ZHENG The Ocean University of China E-mail: [email protected]

Algorithm is developed to retrieve Sea surface temperature (SST) from the data by the Japanese Advanced Meteorological Imager (JAMI) aboard the latest Japanese geostationary satellite, Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT)-1R. The cloud detection algorithm is constructed from the combination of several threshold tests. This can screen cloudy pixels both in daytime and nighttime and even in daytime sun glitter region. After cloud screening, SST (hereafter, MTSAT SST) is calculated by means of the Non-Linear SST (NLSST) method. The coefficients of the NLSST equation is derived by using the match up data from the JAMI/MTSAT and drifting and mooring buoy measurements. Several additional terms are newly introduced to correct the error caused by the usage of the usual NLSST equation form. The MTSAT SST validation shows that the bias and the root mean square (rms) error are about 0.0 K and 0.8 K, respectively. The hourly MTSAT SST can capture diurnal SST variations at the equatorial sea in middle of November 2006. The MTSAT SST is effective in studying SST variation within a day, such as a diurnal warming event.

Thermal infrared images from the NOAA AVHRR taken over 20a between 1986 and 2006 have been applied to investigate the seasonal and interannual variabilities of thermal fronts in Japan/East Sea (JES). Information about the location, length, width and strength of the front has been retrieved from the thermal infrared images. Satellite observations have revealed that the front exists all year round in which the thermal front intensity varied with seasons from the strongest to the weakest is summer, spring, fall and winter. There was a significant relationship between the frontal intensity and SST's anomalies (SSTA), which indicated a trend, i.e., when SSTA was negative, the fronts were strong, and the absolute value of SSTA showed a positive correlation with the frontal intensity. In summer, the front was stronger when the Tsushima Warm Current (TSWC) in the south of front was intensified and the wind stress in the north of front was relaxed. In contrary, the front was weaker in winter. Keywords: JES; satellite remote sensing; thermal front; seasonal variability; interannual variability

A comparison of satellite-derived sea surface temperature front using resent two edge detection methods SST variability and sub-surface spatial analysis off the North Papua (West End Pacific), the fate of El Nino 1997&2007 and La Nina 2002: Field measurement, TRITON buoy and MODIS satellite data

Yi Chang1, Peter Cornillon2, Teruhisa Shimada3, Dave Ullman2, Ming-An Lee1,4, Hiroshi Kawamura3 1 Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University 2 Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, R. O. C. 2. Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA 3 Ocean Environment Group, Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Studies, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza AobaAoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan 4 Remote Sensing Laboratory of Taiwan Ocean Research Institute, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, R. O. C. E-mail: [email protected]

A.Hartoko Marine Geomatic Center Diponegoro University, Indonesia E-mail: [email protected] Satellite oceanography of the high-resolution SST - a review

Taiwan

Strait

using

Hiroshi Kawamura Tohoku University, Japan E-mail: [email protected]

Satellite-derived SST fronts provide a valuable resource for the study of oceanic fronts. In this study, two edge detection algorithms designed specifically for the identification of fronts in satellite-derived SST fields are compared. One of these is the entropy-based algorithm of Shimada et al. (2005) and the other the histogram-based algorithm of Cayula and Cornillon (1992). The algorithms were applied to a one year (2004) series of AVHRR-derived SST fields and the probability of finding a front at each pixel location - the front probability distribution - was

The Taiwan Strait (TS) connects the South China Sea and the East China Sea. It is a shallow (~60 m) channel with 180-km wide and 350-km long. The TS has complex bathymetric features such as shallow (< 50 m in depth) shelf along all over the Chinese coast, the Taiwan Bank (4.4 m s–1) and 36% are slow-moving. We conservatively estimate that typhoon periods may account for 3.5% of the annual primary production in the oligotrophic SCS.

Coastal environments act as a link between the land and the sea and are very dynamic and complex ecosystems. India is blessed with a large coastline, differing in its geographical features and physico-chemical characteristics along the east and along the west coast. This is due to large riverine influx along the east coast as compared to that along the west coast. Besides, the seasonal difference in currents between the east and the west coast greatly helps in redistributing or diluting any waste discharges in these environments. During the past one decade, large numbers of physico-chemical and biological studies have been carried out along the east and the west coast of Indian peninsular for EIA purposes. The data matrices prepared from these observations for two coasts were separately characterized through various chemometric techniques in order to evaluate the associated conditions or factors in the two coastal systems. The analyses such as PCA, APCS and MDS of the data matrices indicated that along the east coast, a total of 7 factors explain 66% of the total variance, while a total of 6 factors explain 60% of the total variance along the west coast. The loadings of these factors 60


measurements made by ships of opportunity (SOOP) and address the role underway measurements play in a sustained ocean observing system. We will show how these versatile observing platforms can make concurrent measurements desired by scientists working in a wide range of oceanic, atmospheric, biological, and ecological communities. SOOP are a combination of research and select merchant vessels that carry high-response automated oceanic and atmospheric instrumentation. Atmospheric measurements include winds, humidity, temperature, pressure, shortwave and longwave radiation. Ocean measurements from flow water sampling systems include sea temperature, salinity, and in some cases florescence and dissolved oxygen. Some SOOP also carry atmospheric and oceanic CO2, photosynthetically available radiation, and radiative SST sensors along with systems to measure currents (e.g., ADCP) and bathymetry. The authors will describe the advances in routine collection and quality evaluation of underway data streams from SOOP (e.g., GOSUD evaluates underway water data, SAMOS evaluates surface meteorology, etc). Users from the modeling, satellite, ecosystems, and other communities are recognizing the value of these high-quality underway measurement to achieve their research goals. The authors will address the current and future applications of underway measurements and provide recommendations by the user community for expanded underway observations in under-sampled ocean regions.

A new oceanic monitoring platform based on satellite image information Jingming PAN Spot Image

WS2 Workshop on Satellite Sensor Data and International Co-operations Background and Charge to Participants for the Outcome of this Workshop Kristina B. Katsaros President of the PORSEC Association PO Box 772, Freeland, WA 98249 E-mail: [email protected] The idea for this workshop has grown from many years of observing how often we have missed optimizing our satellite data sets for lack of communication and coordination. In the 21st century we have created climate changes that may cause serious problems for humankind.The high energy use by increased affluence and a burgeoning population is causing a warming climate system. What is the changing climate manifestations in global regional effects? Satellite scientists have a grave responsibility to get the facts straight and be able to inform the leaders around the world about the trends in climatic parameters and the uncertainties in our knowledge. We also need to understand where the changes may lead to serious hazards due to enhanced storm intensity and frequency, sea-level rise, modified monsoons, draught, flooding and more. Part of this responsibility is to work together to accelerate our accomplishments in finding the facts. The workshop will start with short presentations by a few experts to focus our thoughts. The attendees should preferably have read the latest Bulletin of the PORSEC Association (BPA, Volume 2, Issue 2) for background material on climate change. We will focus on the four issues, sampling (and the use of constellations), consistency (a calibration issue), archiving and distribution, i.e. how to retain and collect all the available data in accessible formats and to distribute them freely. Included in our discussion will be some reflections of the interaction between satellite and in situ data for enhanced quality of both. We will discuss the polar regions, where the climate changes seem to be exacerbated. We will not attempt to discuss such complex issues as mitigation and political action. After one hour of setting the stage, we will break into 3 or 4 discussion groups, which will outline the main issues of climate data collection and explain where the opportunities and difficulties lie currently for international cooperation. Each group will present their deliberations in bullet form to the whole group and will have assigned writing chores to expand on and explain these bullets. After the PORSEC 2008, a group of the participants will work up a white paper for distribution through the Bulletin of the PA and also a shorter summary for publication in a peer-reviewed scientific news organ such as EOS, Science or Nature.

Whether NWP surface products are effective for estimation sampling errors in VOS and satellite-based fluxes? Sergey Gulev IORAS, Moscow, Russia E-mail: [email protected] Sampling uncertainties in the voluntary observing ship (VOS)-based global ocean–atmosphere flux fields can amount to several tens of W/m2 being comparable or exceeding the uncertainties associated with parameterizations and variable corrections. High resolution NWP surface flux product available from reanalyses of ECMWF and NCEP as well as form operational analyses allow for estimation of sampling errors by the sub-sampling of NWP time series according to the VOS sampling time and location. Importantly, sampling errors should be divided into the random errors (associated with the actual number of samples in VOS records) and non-random errors (associated with the actual arrangement of the VOS data within month/season, frequently represented as consecutive report series). Using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis we estimated different sources of sampling errors in VOS fluxes. The highest random sampling errors in surface fluxes were found for the sensible and latent heat flux and range from 30 to 80 Wm2. Total sampling errors in poorly sampled areas may be higher than random ones by 60%. In poorly sampled subpolar latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and throughout much of the Southern Ocean the total sampling uncertainty in the net heat flux can amount to 80–100 W m2. We also discuss the differences in sampling error estimates obtained form different NWP products (ERA-40 reanalysis and assimilation-free forecasts). These differences may be quite significant, however, being scaled with the standard deviations represent very similar patterns and spatial variability.

SAMOS and GOSUD Marine Observation Programs

Ocean Related Natural Hazards – Need of Oceanographic and Meteorological Parameters

Mark A. Bourassa FSU / COAPS, USA E-mail: [email protected]

Ramesh P. Singh George Mason University, USA E-mail: [email protected]

The Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic Systems (SAMOS) and Global Ocean Surface Underway Data (GOSUD) programs provide a wide range of useful marine observations. The authors will present an overview of the routine

Land-Ocean-Atmosphere is a coupled Earth system, the nature of system is complex and also dynamic. Numerous types of natural hazards such as earthquakes, cyclone/hurricanes, tsunami, oil 61


ALTImetry for COastal REgions, www.alticore.eu) started in December 2006, funded for two years under the umbrella of European Union within the INTAS cooperation program (contract 06-100008-7927). ALTICORE aims at encouraging the operational use of satellite altimetry near coasts. A complementary and interconnected objective is also to address the issue of how to process, update, archive and distribute the data in a timely fashion. A new processing strategy has been developed in the Northwestern part of the Mediterranean Sea and has showed that improved altimetry in the costal ocean is feasible and could be extended to other regions. A reanalysis of the altimetric record started in some European Seas (Black, Caspian, White, Barents). The INTAS ALTICORE project has provided an excellent conceptual model for other sea areas, where these kinds of co-operations and synergies could be developed. Two new initiatives were recently started to replicate coastal altimetry around the Indian and African coasts. This presentation will give an overview of the ALTICORE initiative, summarizes the present status and future plans of coastal altimetry, illustrates the approach taken in data sharing and management.

spills, dust harmful algal blooms, further complicate this Earth system and affects millions of population living along the coastal region and also marine eco system. Changes in ocean and meteorological parameters associated with numerous natural hazards throughout the world have been observed using multi sensor satellite and ground data. In the present paper, the need of ocean and meteorological parameters at the various natural hazards prone locations will be discussed to understand the complex Earth system to save lives of millions along the coastal region. CEOS Virtual Constellations Stan Wilson NOAA Satellite & Information Service, USA E-mail: [email protected] In its promotion of the concept of Virtual Constellations, the Committee on Earth Observing Satellites (CEOS) has identified an Ocean Surface Topography Constellation, while two additional Constellations – Ocean Surface Vector Wind and Ocean Color have been proposed. These Constellations offer opportunities for significant collaboration in the utilization of multiple satellites to characterize changes that are occurring in the oceans. Such collaboration concerns a number of data issues that are inherently international in scope – sampling to optimize spatial and temporal coverage, cross calibration to ensure consistency of data collected by different satellites, timely exchange of and access to those data – especially for operational use, and archiving of those data for use in establishing benchmarks against which changes can be measured. This talk will give the present status and potential opportunities for each of these Constellations.

Arctic Issues Ola Johannessen Nansen Center/Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen Norway E-mail: [email protected] Global warming is enhanced in the Arctic regions. The air temperature has increased to double that of the global average over the last 100 years, the ice cover is decreasing at a rate of 3 – 5% per decade while the thicker multi-year ice is decreasing at a rate of 7 – 10% per decade, the river discharge from Russia is increasing, the tundra-permafrost is thawing and the snow cover on land is decreasing. Furthermore, in the past few years the Greenland ice sheet has started to loose mass along its edges – slightly more than the accumulation increase in the interior. The Greenland ice sheet is a “wild card” in the global climate system with significant future impact on the global sea level rise and potentially future impact on the thermohaline circulation due to more fresh water discharge. However, it should be pointed out that strong natural variability at the interannual and decadal time scale takes place in the Arctic region and also that strong regional variability exist. The prediction for the Arctic region at the end of this century is a strong increase in the air temperature of several degrees and a significant decrease in the ice cover. A blue Arctic Ocean is predicted during the summer time at the middle or end of this century. However, the many recent IPCC-coupled climate models also indicate a wide spread in the results. Recent empirical studies also indicate that most of the annual decrease in ice extent can be “explained” by the increase of CO2 in the atmosphere and that the ice extent is reduced much faster than the IPCC models predict (Johannessen, O.M., Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, IAP, CAS 2008).

The ALTICORE Project: experiences in sharing and managing data for coastal altimetry Stefano Vignudelli1, Helen M. Snaith2, Paolo Cipollini2, Jean François Cretaux3, Jérôme Bouffard3, Laurent Roblou3, 4 4 Andrey Kostianoy , Anna Ginzburg , Nickolay Sheremet 4, Sergey Lebedev5, Alexander Sirota5, Ramiz Mamedov 6, Amir Alyev6 1 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biofisica, Area Ricerca CNR San Cataldo, 56127 Pisa, Italy 2 National Oceanography Centre, European Way, SO14 3ZH, Southampton, UK 3 Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Ocèanographie Spatiale, 18 Av. E. Belin, 31401 Toulouse Cedex 9, France 4 P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Nakhimovsky Pr. 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia 5 Geophysical Center, Molodezhnaya Str. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia 6 Institute of Geography, Center for Caspian Sea Problems, H. Javid Str. 31, AZ1143 Baku, Azerbaijan E-mail: [email protected] The domain of coastal altimetry is characterized, from a data processing and management perspective, by the following features: raw altimetry data need to undergo specific processing optimized for coastal targets; processed data products are often out of date with respect to the most recent algorithms and corrections available from the research community; data and processing tools are provided by multiple sources. The consequence is that up-to-date coastal altimetry data are only available to a restricted number of specialists who know how and where to access the data and the enhanced tools they need. For a proper interpretation of the altimetric retrievals before generating an improved product for a specific region, the adequate knowledge of local met-ocean weather and the availability of ancillary information and synergy with other remote sensing data is also necessary. The ALTICORE project (value-added 62


Poster

Session

1


and it is characteristics of high turbidity. Suspended matter concentration influences not only water optical properties and water quality, but also ecology, landform and engineering projects of estuarine area, et al. Due to river runoff flow, tidal flow, the mixing processes of fresh and salt water and influence of wind-wave, the distribution and flux of suspended sediments are highly variable in the estuary environments and vary over a broad spectrum of time and space scales. This variability renders most traditional field sampling methods as inadequate in studies to resolve sediment dynamics in complex estuary and coast waters. Remote sensing images are one of the most important data for monitoring and extracting suspended matter in estuary water for spatial and temporal advantage. The advantage of MODIS instrument is that near-real time images are provided frequently (2–4 images per day) and the spatial resolution is appropriate for monitoring suspended particulate matter distribution in estuary area. However, a common disadvantage of using remote sensing data for monitoring transport of suspended matter in Yangtze River estuary is frequent cloud coverage over the sea. To obtain information on suspended matter distribution when satellite images are not available, and to facilitate interpretation of satellite images, hydrodynamic model based on nonlinear shallow-water equations was applied simultaneously. In the study, MODIS images of remote sensing reflectance of 250 m resolution at band 2 (841~870nm) and hydrodynamic model based on nonlinear shallow-equations linked with particle transport model were used for monitoring the transport of suspended matter in Yangtze river estuary from March to April in 2008. In the period, several MODIS images of remote sensing reflectance on cloudless days were obtained. For laboratory analysis, water samples from sea surface were collected when MODIS images were available. In total, 40 pairs of remote sensing reflectance and suspended matter concentration were used of calibration MODIS images. Established linear regression model gave acceptable results on converting reflectance values into suspended matter concentrations. Suspended matter distributions from hydrodynamic model and remote sensing images compared reasonably well, so that hydrodynamic modeling of suspended matter transport and distributions can be used during cloudy period. In this study, the analyses of remote sensing images and hydrodynamic model results indicated that suspended matter concentrations and distribution patterns mainly depended on cycle change of tide, runoff flow laden suspended matter and bottom sediment resuspension in the influence of wind-wave.

Poster Session SO2 Operational Applications of Ocean Satellite Observations Sun glitter reflectance simulation over wind-roughed water surface Guanhua ZHOU Beijing Normal University, China E-mail: [email protected] Some results of the oceanographic and space observations of the Far East Russian Institutions in the Western Pacific in XX century Maksim Laitik, Maxim Aleksandrovich POI DVO RAS, Russia E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Impact on Sea Surface Salinity Retrieval within the SMOS mission Liang CHEN China E-mail: [email protected] Empirical orthogonal function analysis of sea level changes over China seas from gridded merged satellite data Hongling SHI WHIGG, CAS, China E-mail: [email protected] Semiannual variation in the western tropical Pacific as evidenced by satellite observations Tangdong QU University of Hawaii, USA E-mail: [email protected]

On-orbit MTF Estimation of Satellite Optical Sensors Using Knife-edge Method

Analysis of altimeter data has revealed the existence of a semiannual variation in the western tropical Pacific. The semiannual variation cannot be explained by local Ekman pumping alone, but is also related to the westward propagation of Rossby waves originating in the central tropical Pacific. This signal intensifies in the western tropical Pacific and appears to have a notable impact on the circulation there. In the Mindanao Current, the semiannual variation is of comparable strength with the annual variation. Acknowledgements This finding is supported by a moored acoustic Doppler current profile measurement during the period from October 1999 to July 2002.

Xianbin Li1, Zuolin Li1,2, Xiaohui Li1, Jian Hu1, Chuanrong Li1 1 Academy of Opto-Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China E-mail: [email protected] Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) is a comprehensive index reflecting the overall performance of imaging systems, which is almost a standard measurement to determine the on-orbit performance of onboard sensors. In addition, MTF can indicate if any system degradations occurs over time during their life cycles, and it is useful to focus the telescope or to make a deconvolution filter whose purpose is to enhance image contrast by ground processing. There are many on-orbit MTF estimation methods been studied and implemented. Usually, we can divide those methods into point source/array method, knife-edge method, pulse method and bi-resolution method. Knife-edge can stimulate imaging system at all spatial frequency, and the knife-edge target with relatively high signal to noise ratio (SNR) is relatively easy to deploy or select. Therefore, knife-edge method can get reasonable and reliable result, and is widely used by scientists and engineers. This paper is part research of Data Quality Analysis

Monitoring transport of suspended matter integrating MODIS images with hydrodynamic model Runyuan KUANG, Yunxuan ZHOU, Xing LI State key Laboratory of Estuarine & Coastal Research, East China Normal University, ShangHai 200062, China E-mail: [email protected] Yangtze River estuary in China is characteristics of three-order bifurcations and four-branch channels discharging into the sea, 64


best microwave bands for retrieving SSS are L (1.4GHz). There are two living project for global SSS observing. One is SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) by ESA (European Space Agency), the other is SMAP by NASA. Wind speeds and directions play important roles in studying global ocean-air interactions, which serve as inputs for meteorological forecasting models, whether short-term weather forecasts or long-term climate forecasts. Although conventional microwave radiometer, such as Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), can provide wind speeds for the purpose, it can be retrieved no accurate direction information yet. In the paper, we develop a set of algorithms by 1.4GHz and 10.7GHz polarimetric microwave radiometer to retrieve wind vector, as well as other geophysical parameters, such as sea surface salinity, temperature, atmospheric volume water vapor and liquid water above the ocean. The algorithms, which including atmospheric and oceanic algorithms, are derived from polarimetric microwave radiative transfer models. The errors of the algorithm are analyzed in contrast with the full radiative transfer equations. Then simulation studies of the above geophysical parameters are conducted using simulated brightness temperatures of full Stokes parameters, which combine statistical physical method, and maximum likelihood estimation method. The brightness temperatures are simulated by combining atmospheric absorption models of Liebe 1993’s dry air model and Rosenkranz 1998’s water vapor model with an efficient two-scale ocean emissivity models, and using 2553 no rain (liquid water content ) sampled databases of 60-level atmospheric profiles above global ocean from the ECMWF analyses as inputs. Here, we have no consideration on the errors of inputs and their effects to the simulated brightness temperatures. We give a detail inter-comparison between the retrievals of wind vectors at various sea states and atmospheric conditions from simulated brightness temperatures. Then, the performances of the algorithm applying to actual measurements are evaluated and concluded. This is part of the proposal for next SMOS-OPS project of ESA.

and Assessment System. It begins with discussion on the necessity to carry out on-orbit MTF estimation and the principles of widely used on-orbit MTF estimation. Secondly, the requirements for edge target deploying or selecting, the principles and basic processing steps of knife-edge MTF estimation method are presented. The processing steps include edge detection, edge alignment, data interpolation and curvefit, differentiation and LSF trimming, Discrete Fourier Transform and normalization. Basically, the principle and approach of knife-edge method is relatively straightforward. However, there is never enough emphasis been put on the accuracy of MTF estimation, despite it is the essential of sensors’ performance assessment and data quality analysis. That limits the creditability and application of estimation results. We find it is the edge detection accuracy and the model for ERF curvefit that affect the estimation accuracy significantly according to our theoretical analysis and simulation experiment. The third part of this paper focus on the accuracy analysis and comparison of edge detection using different interpolation algorithm. To get oversampled ERF, it is necessary to find subpixel edge location and align different profile according to the detected edge locations. We experiment different interpolation algorithm and interval with simulated images with different contrast, SNR, MTF, incline angle to find optimal interpolation algorithm. Fourthly, ERF curvefit is indispensable to obtain uniform sample points and suppress the effect of noise. Different models for ERF curvefit are experimented including polynomial, spline and Fermi function. An iterative least-square method is proposed to eliminate the effect of noise to curvefit futherly. Furthermore, the effect of edge location accuracy to MTF estimation results is analyzed using selected optimal model. Fifthly, we apply the methods and program to three knife-edge targets in the SPOT-5/Pan of Dalian airport with different contrast, SNR and incline angle. Relatively consistent results imply knife-edge method is an effective on-orbit MTF estimation method. This paper resolves and experiments several key processes in knife-edge method and provides theoretical and technical support to the development of Data Quality Analysis and Assessment System. Keywords: Modulation transfer function (MTF); knife-edge method; edge detection; curvefit; simulation experiment

Monitoring sea ice over the China's Bohai sea with FY-2C multispectral data Yaping ZHU1,2, Zhoujie CHENG2, Jianwen LIU2, Xiang ZHANG1 1 Marine Hydrometeorological Center, Beijing, 100085, China 2 Aviation Meteorological Institute, Beijing, 100073, China E-mail: [email protected]

Comparison of Jason-1 significant wave height to buoy data in the East China Sea Haojing WANG, Shaoling SHANG* State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China E-mail: [email protected]

Sea ice plays a key role in the studies of climate system and energy balance. The shore ice at middle latitude over the China's Bohai Sea has more important effects on maritime affairs and navigations. The satellite-based techniques including passive measurements of visible, infrared, and microwave radiances have been studied in the analyses on the sea ice, some quantitative criteria have been presented over the years. The geosynchronous satellite has the higher temporal resolution comparing with polar orbiting sensor, having advantages in monitoring sea ice in near-real-time more frequently. The objective of the present work is to explore a method that can discriminate sea ice from clouds and ice-free ocean with hourly FY-2C mutispectral data according to the radiance differences between the water and ice. The criteria, 0.1