and medical conditions of the respiratory system (e.g., frequent ... visited every tenth flat according to the address list (from the local .... by medical diagnosis; Fig.
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Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 27, No. 1 (2018), 1-11 DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/74131
ONLINE PUBLICATION DATE:
Original Research
Respiratory System Symptoms in the Neighborhood of a Wastewater Treatment Plant Aleksandra Jaremków1*, Leszek Noga2, Krystyna Pawlas1, 3 Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland Department of Pathophysiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland 3 Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 13 Kościelna, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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Received: 17 March 2017 Accepted: 26 May 2017 Abstract The aim of our study was to assess the incidence of respiratory system disorders among residents in the neighborhood of a wastewater treatment plant compared to the population living outside the impact area. We conducted a questionnaire survey on two populations: one from the vicinity of the wastewater treatment plant (586 people) and another from a village located far away from the plant (502 people). Studied populations were also divided according to place of residence and distance from the plant: zones A, B, C. Survey questions concerned the respiratory system symptoms and housing conditions. Respondents from the exposed group reported the following symptoms more often than the control group: frequent colds, recurrent respiratory tract infections, throat irritation, dyspnoea, recurrent rhinitis, and nasal irritation/ burning sensation. Among the risk factors for respiratory disorders, significant were: living in blocks of flats (OR = 1.78; CI 1.13-2.81), air pollution by odours (OR = 1.64; CI 1.04-2.56), period of residence (OR = 1.02; CI 1.00-1.03) and age of respondents (OR = 0.98; CI 0.97-0.98), while the ownership of pets had a protective effect (OR1 – existence of a risk) and confidence intervals (CI) according to the equations [14]:
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Jaremków A., et al.
Table 2. Polish standards of microbiological air pollution. Number of microorganisms [CFU/m3] Total number of bacteria [CFU/m3]
Degree of air pollution
staphylococci actinomycetes
αhaemolytic
ßhaemolytic
mannitol(+)
mannitol(-)
moulds
by bacteria
by moulds
102
>25
>50
>104
strong pollution
pollution posing threat to the human environment
…where a is the number of people with both respiratory system symptoms and exposure to the risk factor, b is the number of people with exposure to the risk factor but without respiratory system symptoms, c is the number of people with respiratory system symptoms but without exposure to the risk factor, and d is the number of people without respiratory system symptoms and without exposure to the risk factor. Letter symbols a, b, c, and d correspond to marks of the typical contingency table (2x2) used in studies on disease and exposure status. The adopted level of statistical significance was p
