Toxins 2014, 6, 3223-3237; doi:10.3390/toxins6123223 OPEN ACCESS
toxins ISSN 2072-6651 www.mdpi.com/journal/toxins Article
Sensitive Quantification of Aflatoxin B1 in Animal Feeds, Corn Feed Grain, and Yellow Corn Meal Using Immunomagnetic Bead-Based Recovery and Real-Time Immunoquantitative-PCR Dinesh Babu † and Peter M. Muriana * Department of Animal Science and the Robert M. Kerr Food & Agricultural Products Center, 109 FAPC Building, Monroe Street, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-6055, USA †
Present Address: Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA; E-Mail:
[email protected].
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
[email protected]; Tel.: +1-405-744-5563; Fax: +1-405-744-6313. External Editor: Deepak Bhatnagar Received: 15 September 2014; in revised form: 3 November 2014 / Accepted: 25 November 2014 / Published: 2 December 2014
Abstract: Aflatoxins are considered unavoidable natural mycotoxins encountered in foods, animal feeds, and feed grains. In this study, we demonstrate the application of our recently developed real-time immunoquantitative PCR (RT iq-PCR) assay for sensitive detection and quantification of aflatoxins in poultry feed, two types of dairy feed (1 and 2), horse feed, whole kernel corn feed grains, and retail yellow ground corn meal. Upon testing methanol/water (60:40) extractions of the above samples using competitive direct enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, the aflatoxin content was found to be
