Subfamily: Artheneinae Stal

FAUNISTIC STUDIES ON LYGAEIDAE (HETEROPTERA) OF WESTERN BLACK SEA, CENTRAL ANATOLIA AND MEDITERRANEAN REGIONS OF TURKEY

Niyazi LODOS Enis ERKİN

Feyzi ÖNDER Esat PEHLİVAN Yusuf KARSAVURAN

Ruşen ATALAY

Serdar TEZCAN Sami AKSOY

İzmir-1999

To the memories of the Late Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ruşen ATALAY (1947-1994) and Prof. Dr. Niyazi LODOS (1921-1997) who are the co-authors of this publication

This study was supported by TÜBİTAK (The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey)

(Project Numbers: TOAG/336 & 502)

The authors wish to thank to TÜBİTAK (The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey) for financial support of project and to HEKTAŞ company for financial support of printing and to Taner Mercan, Canan Çelik, Nilay Gülperçin, A. Emre Örümlü, İ. Meltem Düzbastılar, Ferruh Kepekçi and Esra Mungan their helps in preparing and to Olcay Sutüven and his colleagues for printing this book.

CONTENTS ABSTRACT ÖZET I - INTRODUCTION II - MATERIAL AND METHODS III- RESULTS OF FAUNISTIC STUDIES A. Subfamily : Artheneinae Stal 1.Genus: Artheneis Spin. 2.Genus: Holcocranum Fieb.

I II 1 2 4 4 4 6

B. Subfamily: Blissinae Stal 1.Genus: Blissus Bm. 2.Genus: Dimorphopterus Stal 3.Genus: Ischnodemus Fieb.

6 6 6 7

C. Subfamily: Cyminae Stal 1.Genus: Cymus H.

7 7

D. Subfamily: Geocorinae Stal 1.Genus: Geocoris Fn. 2.Genus : Piocoris Stal

9 9 10

E. Subfamily: Henestarinae Stal 1.Genus: Engistus Fieb. 2.Genus: Henestaris Spin.

12 12 13

F. Subfamily: Heterogastrinae Stal 1.Genus: Heterogaster Schl. 2.Genus: Platyplax Fieb.

13 13 14

G. Subfamily: Ischnorrhynchinae Stal 1.Genus: Kleidocerys Ww.

16 16

H. Subfamily: Lygaeinae Stal 1.Genus: Arocatus Spin. 2.Genus: Apterola Ms.& Rey 3.Genus: Caenocoris Fieb. 4.Genus: Lygaeosoma Spin. 5.Genus: Lygaeus F. 6.Genus: Melanocoryphus Stal 7.Genus: Tropidothorax Bg.

16 16 18 18 18 19 21 22

I. SubSubfamily: Orsillinae Stal 1.Genus: Nysius Dl. 2.Genus: Orsillus Dl. 3.Genus: Ortholomus Stal 4.Genus: Paranysius Hv.

23 23 27 27 28

J. Subfamily: Oxycareninae Stal 1.Genus: Auchenodes Hv. 2.Genus: Brachyplax Fieb. 3.Genus: Leptodemus Rt. 4.Genus: Macroplax Fieb. 5.Genus: Macropternella Slt. 6.Genus: Metopoplax Fieb. 7.Genus: Microplax Fieb. 8.Genus: Oxycarenus Fieb.

28 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 32

K. Subfamily: Pachygrontinae Stal 1.Genus: Cymophyes Fieb.

34 34

L. Subfamily: Rhyparochrominae Stal 1.Genus: Aphanus Lp. 2.Genus: Beosus A.-S. 3.Genus: Camptocera Jak. 4.Genus: Diomphalus Fieb. 5.Genus: Emblethis Fieb. 6.Genus: Eremocoris Fieb. 7.Genus: Gastrodes Ww. 8.Genus: Gonianotus Fieb. 9.Genus: Hyalochilus Fieb. 10.Genus: Ischnopeza Fieb. 11.Genus: Lamprodema Fieb. 12.Genus: Lasiocoris Fieb. 13.Genus: Lethaeus Dl. 14.Genus: Megalonotus Fieb. 15.Genus: Neurocladus Fieb. 16.Genus: Pachybrachius H. 17.Genus: Paromius Fieb. 18.Genus: Peritrechus Fieb. 19.Genus: Plinthisus Fieb. 20.Genus: Pterotmetus A.-S. 21.Genus: Rhyparochromus H. 22.Genus: Scolopostethus Fieb. 23.Genus: Stygnocoris Dgl. 24.Genus: Taphropeltus Stal 25.Genus: Trapezonotus Fieb. 26.Genus: Tropistethus Fieb.

34 34 34 35 35 36 39 39 39 40 40 41 42 42 42 44 45 45 45 47 48 48 52 52 53 53 54

REFERENCES

55

INDEX TO SPECIES

57

ABSTRACT This study was carried out during the years of 1979-1982 in the Central Anatolia and Western Black Sea Regions and also during the years of 1984-1987 in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. During this study totally 149 species were found in 59 genera and in 12 families of Lygaeidae. The number and percentages of the species of the subfamilies are given as follows: Artheneinae 5 (3,3 %); Blissinae 4 (2,7 %); Cyminae 3 (2,0 %); Geocorinae 7 (4,7 %); Henestarinae 5 (3,3 %); Heterogastrinae 6 (4,0 %); Ischnorrhynchinae 2 (1,4 %); Lygaeinae 17 (11,4 %); Orsillinae 14 (9,4 %); Oxycareninae 14 (9,4 %); Pachygrontinae 1 (0,7 %); Rhyparochrominae 71 (47,7 %).

ÖZET Batı Karadeniz, Orta Anadolu ve Akdeniz Bölgeleri’nin Lygaeidae (Heteroptera) türleri üzerinde faunistik araştırmalar

Bu çalışma, 1979-1982 yıllarında Orta Anadolu ve Batı Karadeniz Bölgeleri’nde, 1984-1987 yıllarında ise Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada saptanan Lygaeidae familyasının Artheneinae, Blissinae, Cyminae, Geocorinae, Henestarinae, Heterogastrinae, Ischnorrhynchinae, Lygaeinae, Orsillinae, Oxycareninae, Pachygrontinae, Rhyparochrominae altfamilyalarına bağlı türler bu yayın içinde değerlendirilmiştir. Sözü edilen 12 altfamilyaya ait 59 cins içinde yer alan 149 tür belirlenmiş olup bu türlerin altfamilyalara göre dağılımı ve oranları aşağıdaki şekilde bulunmuştur: Artheneinae 5 (% 3,3); Blissinae 4 (% 2,7); Cyminae 3 (% 2,0); Geocorinae 7 (% 4,7); Henestarinae 5 (% 3,3); Heterogastrinae 6 (% 4,0); Ischnorrhynchinae 2 (% 1,4); Lygaeinae 17 (% 11,4); Orsillinae 14 (% 9,4); Oxycareninae 14 (% 9,4); Pachygrontinae 1 (% 0,7); Rhyparochrominae 71 (% 47,7).

Correspondence address: Dr. Yusuf KARSAVURAN Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture University of Ege 35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey E.mail: [email protected]

“Yayın Alt Komisyonu’nun 25.10.1999 tarih, 106/2 sayılı kararı ve Fakülte Yönetim Kurulu’nun 1.11.1999 tarih, 18/4 sayılı oluru ile dışarıda basılmasına izin verilmiştir.”

ISBN 975-94225-1-4

1

I. INTRODUCTION Turkey is a country which located as a bridge between Europe and Asia. It has different climatic conditions. Both geographic position and climatic differentations have some effects on flora and fauna. Because of this, Turkey have been focusing by Turkish and foreign scientists for a long period. The aim of this study is to make contribution to some faunistical records of Lygaeidae of the Western Black Sea, Central Anatolia and the Mediterranean Regions of Turkey. These regions have different climatic conditions and contain different habitats. Lygaeidae contains both important phytophagous and also zoophagous insects. Although there have been local studies, there has not been any detailed study on this area up to now. In the studies of Fairmaire (1866), Puton (1892), Puton & Noualhier (1895), Horvath (1905), Gadeau de Kerville (1939), Hoberlandt (1955), Seidenstücker (1957, 1958, 1960), Wagner (1959, 1966, 1967), Linnavuori (1965) have been given some faunistic records on Turkish Lygaeidae. The studies of Aysev (1974), Lodos et al. (1978) and Çakır & Önder (1990) are the other important studies on fauna of Turkish Lygaeidae. First research project have been realised in the Aegean and Marmara Regions of Turkey during the years of 1972-1976 (Lodos et al., 1978). Second and third steps of this study realised in Western Black Sea and Central Anatolia and in the Mediterranean Regions of Turkey during the years of 1979-1982 and 1984-1987, respectively (Lodos et al., 1983, 1989). This publication contains the detailed results of the recent studies on Lygaeidae during the years of 1979-1987.

2

II- MATERIAL AND METHODS This study concerning with the species of Lygaeidae was realised in the Central Anatolia and the Western Black Sea Region and the Mediterranean Regions between 1979-1982 and 1984-1987, respectively. For realising this study the following 27 cities, their towns and villages have been investigated: In the Western Black Sea Region: Bartın, Bolu, Karabük, Kastamonu, Sinop, Zonguldak; In the Central Anatolian Region: Aksaray, Ankara, Çankırı, Çorum, Eskişehir, Karaman, Kayseri, Kırıkkale, Kırşehir, Konya, Nevşehir, Niğde, Yozgat; In the Mediterranean Region: Adana, Antalya, Gaziantep, Hatay, İçel, Kahramanmaraş, Kilis, Osmaniye (Fig. 1).

Figure 1.

Map of research area. I. Mediterranean Region; II. Central Anatolian Region; III. Western Black Sea Region.

For this purpose, three regions were visited in the different times, because of their various climatic and floristic properties. In this study all the plants, under the barks, debris, stones and on the ground surfaces in certain depht were examined. Sweep net was used for collecting specimens from lower plants while beating tray was used for collecting specimens from trees and bushs. Light trap was used for insects which was been active in night, pincers and pooter were used for insects which were found on the ground, under stones, barks and debris, aerial collector which was developed by Önder et al. (1979), fitting over a car was used for collecting flying insects.

3

Collections of collected specimens were made with usual methods. These materials are preserved in the collections of Prof. Dr. Niyazi Lodos Museum of Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ege, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey. Identification of specimens were made by the first and second authors based on the revelant literature such as Stichel (1960, 1961), Kerzhner & Yachewski (1964), Josifov (1965), Wagner (1966, 1967). To clarify the understanding of distribution of Lygaeidae the localities have been shown on the maps. Data is shown as an empty or covered square, circle etc. for each species.

4

III- RESULTS OF FAUNISTIC STUDIES As a result of this study totally 149 species were found in 59 genera and in 12 subfamilies of Lygaeidae (Table 1). Table 1. Number of the genera and species of Lygaeidae. Subfamily

Number of genera

Number of species

Artheneinae Stal

2

5

Blissinae Stal

3

4

Cyminae Stal

1

3

Geocorinae Stal

2

7

Henestarinae Stal

2

5

Heterogastrinae Stal

2

6

Ischnorrhynchinae Stal

1

2

Lygaeinae Stal

7

17

Orsillinae Stal

4

14

Oxycareninae Stal

8

14

Pachygrontinae Stal

1

1

Rhyparochrominae Stal

26

71

Total

59

149

The detailed information of the species of Lygaeidae found in this project, are given alphabetically as follows. A. Subfamily: Artheneinae Stal 1. Genus: Artheneis Spin. 1. Artheneis alutacea Fieb. Material studied: Adana (Pozantı), Aksaray (Mamasın Dam), Ankara (Elmadağ), Antalya (Alanya, Gazipaşa), Eskişehir (Sivrihisar), Gaziantep (Nizip), İçel (Mut, Silifke), Kahramanmaraş (Central province, Andırın, Nurhak Mountain), Karaman (Ermenek), Kırıkkale (Central province), Nevşehir (Avanos, Gülşehir, Ürgüp), Niğde (Ulukışla), Osmaniye (Düziçi) (Fig. 2). 106 specimens. Occurrence:Very common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the third week of April to the middle of August. They were taken on Alhagi sp., Cirsium sp., Crataegus sp., Myricaria sp., Quercus sp., Salix sp., Tamarix sp. and also on weeds.

5

z Artheneis alutacea gArtheneis balcanica s Artheneis foveolata

Figure 2. Distribution of the species of Artheneis alutacea, A. balcanica and A. foveolata. 2. Artheneis balcanica (Kml.) Material studied: Ankara (Elmadağ, Polatlı), Bolu (Akçakoca), Gaziantep (Nizip), Karabük (Central province), Karaman (Central province, Ermenek), Kastamonu (Central province), Konya (Hadım), Nevşehir (Avanos, Gülşehir), Niğde (Ulukışla) (Fig. 2). 28 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the middle of July. They were taken on Salix sp., Tamarix sp., weeds, on the ground and also by the aerial collector. 3. Artheneis foveolata Spin. Material studied: Adana (Pozantı, Saimbeyli), Ankara (Polatlı), Antalya (Central province, Gazipaşa, Kaş, Kemer, Korkuteli, Kumluca), İçel (Anamur, Mut, Silifke-İncekum), Karaman (Ermenek), Karabük (Central province), Konya (Hadım), Nevşehir (Avanos, Gülşehir), Niğde (Ulukışla), Osmaniye (Kadirli-Karatepe) (Fig. 2). 90 specimens. Occurrence:Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the middle of April to the beginning of July. They were taken on Olea europea, Phloemis sp., Populus sp., Salix sp., Sinapis sp., mostly on Tamarix sp., Verbascum sp., weeds, on the ground and by the aerial collector. 4. Artheneis hircanica (Klt.) Material studied: İçel (Mut) (Fig. 3). 15 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected at the third week of April. They were taken on Salix sp. and mostly on Tamarix sp.

6

z Artheneis hircanica gHolcocranum saturejae s Blissus doriai |Dimorphopterus spinolai

Figure 3. Distribution of the species of Artheneis hircanica, Holcocranum saturejae, Blissus doriai and Dimorphopterus spinolai. 2. Genus: Holcocranum Fieb. 1. Holcocranum saturejae (Klt.) Material studied: Hatay (Dörtyol), İçel (Mut, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Türkoğlu) (Fig. 3). 5 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the middle of July. They were taken on Juncus sp., Tamarix sp. and also on weeds. B. Subfamily: Blissinae Stal 1. Genus: Blissus Bm. 1. Blissus doriai Fr. Material studied: Aksaray (Central province) (Fig. 3). 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adult was collected at the beginning of May on the on the ground. 2. Genus:Dimorphopterus Stal 1. Dimorphopterus spinolai (Sign.) Material studied: Konya (Central province), Sinop (Central province) (Fig. 3). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected at the end of April and at the beginning of June on Juncus sp. and Sinapis sp.

7

z Ischnodemus caspius g Ischnodemus suturalis s Cymus claviculus

Figure 4. Distribution of the species of Ischnodemus caspius, I. suturalis and Cymus claviculus. 3. Genus: Ischnodemus Fieb. 1. Ischnodemus caspius Jak. Material studied: Kahramanmaraş (Türkoğlu) (Fig. 4). 25 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected at the middle of July between the leaves and stem of Typha sp. 2. Ischnodemus suturalis Hv. Material studied: Gaziantep (Oğuzeli), Kilis (Central province) (Fig. 4). 6 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected at the end of April and at the beginning of June. They were taken on Centaurea sp., Pinus sp. and also on weeds. C. Subfamily: Cyminae Stal 1. Genus: Cymus H. 1. Cymus claviculus (Fn.) Material studied: Antalya (Central province-Söğüt, Finike, Kaş), Bartın (Ulus), İçel (Çamlıyayla), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın) (Fig. 4). 11 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the beginning of August. They were taken on Echinops viscosus bithynicus, Inula sp., Juncus sp., Triticum sp. and also on weeds.

8

2. Cymus glandicolor H. Material studied: Ankara (Elmadağ), Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent, Kaş), Bartın (Ulus), Kahramanmaraş (Göksun), Kırşehir (Central province), Osmaniye (Zorkun), Yozgat (Boğazlıyan) (Fig. 5). 65 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of May to the middle of August. They were taken on Juncus sp., Medicago sativa and on weeds.

z Cymus glandicolor g Cymus melanocephalus

Figure 5. Distribution of the species of Cymus glandicolor and C. melanocephalus. 3. Cymus melanocephalus Fieb. Material studied: Adana (Karataş, Saimbeyli, Tufanbeyli), Ankara (Central province), Antalya (Alanya, Central province-Saklıkent, Elmalı, Finike, Kale, Kaş, Korkuteli, Manavgat), Bartın (Ulus), Bolu (Akçakoca, Mengen), Gaziantep (Central province, Nizip, Yavuzeli), Hatay (Dörtyol, Kırıkhan), İçel (Central province, Çamlıyayla, ErdemliArslanköy, Silifke, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Central province, Afşin, Ahır Mountain, Andırın, Elbistan, Göksun, Türkoğlu), Kastamonu (Cide), Kayseri (Himmetdede), Kırşehir (Central province, Hirfanlı Dam, Kaman, Mucur), Konya (Beyşehir), Nevşehir (Hacıbektaş, Ürgüp), Niğde (Ulukışla), Sinop (Central province, Boyabat), Yozgat (Boğazlıyan), Zonguldak (Çaycuma, Ereğli) (Fig. 5). 439 specimens. Occurrence: Very common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of April to the end of August. They were taken on Cistus sp., Cupressus sp., Gossypium sp., Inula sp., Juncus sp., Medicago sativa, Phragmites sp., Quercus sp., Rubus sp., Tamarix sp., Trifolium sp., Triticum sp., Verbascum sp., leguminous plants, weeds and by the aerial collector.

9

D. Subfamily:Geocorinae Stal 1. Genus: Geocoris Fn. 1. Geocoris arenarius (Jak.) Material studied: Antalya (Alanya, Central province-Saklıkent, Kaş, Serik), Hatay (Altınözü, Hassa, Yayladağı), İçel (Anamur, Aydıncık, Çamlıyayla, Gülnar, Silifke), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın), Karaman (Central province), Konya (Ereğli) (Fig. 6). 35 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the first week of August on Cirsium sp., Inula sp., Lens esculenta, Medicago maritima, Mentha sp., Quercus sp., Sinapis sp.,Tamarix sp.,Verbascum sp.,weeds, on the ground and by the aerial collector. 2. Geocoris ater (F.) Material studied: Aksaray (Central province), Antalya (Akseki, Elmalı, Güllük Mountain, Gündoğmuş, Side), Çorum (Central province, İskilip), Gaziantep (İslahiye), Hatay (Hassa, Samandağ), İçel (Anamur, Aydıncık, Gülnar, Silifke -Kırobası, -Ovacık), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın, Göksun, Nurhak Mountain, Türkoğlu), Kastamonu (Central province), Kayseri (Yeşilhisar), Konya (Central province), Nevşehir (Derinkuyu, Ürgüp), Niğde (Çamardı), Sinop (Boyabat), Yozgat (Çekerek) (Fig. 6). 73 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the mid of April to the mid of August. They were taken on Arbutus sp., Berberis sp., Cedrus sp., Convolvulus sp., Juncus sp., Medicago maritimus, M. minima, Onopordum sp., Salix sp., Verbascum sp., weeds, on the ground and under stone. 3. Geocoris chloroticus Pt. Material studied: Hatay (Hassa), İçel (Anamur), Kahramanmaraş (Afşin, Andırın, Göksun, Türkoğlu), Kilis (Central province) (Fig. 6). 31 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the first week of June to the first week of July on weeds, on the ground and by aerial collector. 4. Geocoris megacephalus (R.) Material studied: Aksaray (Central province), Antalya (Elmalı), İçel (Anamur, Mut, Silifke), Kahramanmaraş (Türkoğlu), Kayseri (Yılanlıdağ), Nevşehir (Ürgüp), Niğde (Çamardı) (Fig. 7). 22 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of April to the mid of August. They were taken on Astragalus sp., Cirsium sp., Trifolium sp., Verbascum sp., weeds and on the ground. 5. Geocoris pallidipennis (C.)

10

Material studied: İçel (Central province, Çamlıyayla, Silifke), Kahramanmaraş (Türkoğlu), Kayseri (Erciyes Mountain), Niğde (Çamardı) (Fig. 7). 13 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of May to the first part of July on Astragalus sp., Trifolium sp. and on the ground. 2. Genus: Piocoris Stal 1. Piocoris erythrocephalus (P.S.) Material studied: Adana (Central province, Ceyhan, Feke, Gavur Mountain, Karaisalı, Kozan, Pozantı, Saimbeyli, Yumurtalık), Ankara (Çubuk, Kurtboğazı, Nallıhan), Antalya (Central province-Sinan, Elmalı, Finike, Gazipaşa, Gündoğmuş, Kaş, Kemer, KumlucaMavikent, Korkuteli, Manavgat), Bartın (Central province), Bolu (Akçakoca, Düzce, Mengen), Çankırı (Eskipazar, Kurşunlu, Şabanözü), Çorum (Bayat, Central province, İskilip, Kargı), Eskişehir (Central province), Gaziantep (Araban, Oğuzeli), Hatay (Altınözü, Central province, Dörtyol, Hassa, İskendurun-Arsuz, -Soğukoluk, Kırıkhan, Samandağ, Yayladağı), İçel (Anamur, Aydıncık, Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere, -Gözne, Erdemli-Arslanköy, Gülnar, Mersin, Mut, Silifke-Ovacık, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Afşin, Ahır Mountain, Andırın, Elbistan, Göksun, Nurhak Mountain, Pazarcık), Karabük (Central province, Safranbolu), Karaman (Central province, Ermenek), Kastamonu (Tosya, Taşköprü, Araç), Kayseri (Erciyes Mountain, Central province, Yılanlıdağ, Pınarbaşı, Yeşilhisar), Kırşehir (Central province), Kilis (Central province), Konya (Akşehir, Beyşehir, Ereğli, Karapınar, Seydişehir), Nevşehir (Gülşehir, Göreme, Ürgüp), Niğde (Çamardı, Ulukışla), Osmaniye (Bahçe, Düziçi, KadirliKaratepe, Zorkun), Yozgat (Çekerek), Zonguldak (Çaycuma, Ereğli) (Fig. 7). 567 specimens. Occurrence: Very common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of April to the end of August.They were taken on Althaea sp., Anchusa sp., Astragalus sp., Ballota sp., Cannabis sp., Centaurea sp., Cirsium sp., Cistus sp., Crateagus sp., Daucus sp., Fagus sp., Glychirrizza glabra, Inula sp., Juglans regia, Juniperus sp., Lathyrus sp., Medicago sativa, Mentha sp., Olea europea, Onopordum sp., Pinus sp., Phaseolus vulgaris, Pistacia vera, Pyrus angustifolia, P. malus, Populus sp., Prunus armeniaca, Punica granatum, Quercus sp., Rhus sp., Rosa sp., Rubus sp., Salix sp., Salvia sp., Sesamum indicum, Sinapis sp., Spinacia oleracea, Tamarix sp., Urtica sp., Verbascum sp., Veronica sp., Vitex agnus-castus, poaceous and umbelliferaeous plants, weeds, on the ground and by light trap.

11

z Geocoris arenarius g Geocoris ater s Geocoris chloroticus

Figure 6. Distribution of the species of Geocoris arenarius, G. ater and G. chloroticus.

| Geocoris megacephalus s Geocoris pallidipennis z Piocoris erythrocephalus g Piocoris luridus

Figure 7. Distribution of the species of Geocoris megacephalus, G. pallidipennis, Piocoris erythrocephalus and P. luridus.

12

2. Piocoris luridus (Fieb.) Material studied: Adana (Gavur Mountain, Karaisalı), Gaziantep (Araban, Nizip, Oğuzeli, Yavuzeli), İçel (Mut), Hatay (Hassa), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın, Central province, Göksun, Pazarcık, Türkoğlu), Karaman (Ermenek), Kilis (Central province), Osmaniye (Central province) (Fig. 7). 82 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: They were collected from the second part of April to the end of July, on Amygdalus communis, Armeniaca vulgaris, Cedrus sp.,Centaurea sp., Ligustrum sp., Matricaria sp., Pistacia vera, Platanus orientalis, Prunus domestica, Punica granatum, Quercus sp., Rubus sp., Salix sp., Sinapis sp., Spinacia oleracea, Tamarix sp., Ulmus sp., Urtica sp., Verbascum sp., Viburnum sp., umbelliferous plants, weeds and by aerial collector.

z Engistus salinus s Henestaris cremeus | Henestaris halophilus g Henestaris kareli ‡ Henestaris laticeps

Figure 8. Distribution of the species of Engistus salinus, H. cremeus, Henestaris halophilus, H. kareli and H. laticeps. E. Subfamily: Henestarinae Stal 1. Genus: Engistus Fieb. 1. Engistus salinus Jak. Material studied: Çorum (Alaca, Bayat) (Fig. 8). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: The adults were collected at the first week of August on weeds and Rosa sp.

13

2.Genus: Henestaris Spin. 1. Henestaris cremeus Kir. Material studied: Adana (Karataş), Antalya (Finike), İçel (Çamlıyayla, Tarsus) (Fig. 8). 6 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: The adults were collected at the beginning of May and in July on Juncus sp., poaceous plants and on the ground. 2. Henestaris halophilus (Bm.) Material studied: Antalya (Kale) (Fig. 8). 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: The adult was collected at the first week of April on weeds. 3. Henestaris kareli Hob. Material studied: Çorum (Sungurlu), Yozgat (Çekerek) (Fig. 8). 3 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: They were collected at the first week of August on Onopordum sp. and weeds. 4. Henestaris laticeps (Ct.) Material studied: Antalya (Kekova) (Fig. 8). 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: The adult was collected at the end of July on the ground. F. Subfamily: Heterogastrinae Stal 1. Genus: Heterogaster Schl. 1. Heterogaster affinis (H.-S.) Material studied: Ankara (Ayaş), Çankırı (Ilgaz Mountain), Kayseri (Yılanlıdağ), Nevşehir (Avanos, Ürgüp), Zonguldak (Çaycuma) (Fig. 9). 8 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: The adults were collected from the first part of July to the mid of August on Pyrus elaeagnifolia, Pinus sp., Tamarix sp., Ulmus sp., Urtica sp. and weeds. 2. Heterogaster artemisiae Schl. Material studied: Adana (Pozantı, Tufanbeyli-Gezbeli), Antalya (Central provinceSaklıkent, -Söğüt, Korkuteli), İçel (Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın, Göksun), Kastamonu (Taşköprü), Osmaniye (Zorkun) (Fig. 9). 41 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: They were collected from the end of April to the end of July on Armeniaca vulgaris, Cedrus sp., Juniperus sp., Lonicera sp., Mentha sp., Rhus sp., Rumex sp., Salvia sp., Scrophularia sp., weeds, on the ground, under detritus and by aerial collector. 3. Heterogaster cathariae (G.) Material studied: Adana (Pozantı), İçel (Silifke) (Fig. 9). 3 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally.

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Biological note: They were collected at the end of May and at the beginning of June on Sambucus sp. and by aerial collector.

z Heterogaster affinis g Heterogaster artemisiae s Heterogaster cathariae

Figure 9. Distribution of the species of Heterogaster affinis, H. artemisiae and H. cathariae. 4. Heterogaster urticae (F.) Material studied: Aksaray (Central province), Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent, Manavgat), Bartın (Amasra), Bolu (Central province), Gaziantep (Oğuzeli), Hatay (Hassa, İskenderun, Kırıkhan), İçel (Erdemli -Güzeloluk, Mut), Kahramanmaraş (Göksun), Karaman (Ermenek), Kırıkkale (Keskin), Nevşehir (Ürgüp), Osmaniye (Düziçi, Zorkun), Zonguldak (Çaycuma, Filyos) (Fig. 10). 82 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the mid of July. They were taken on Armeniaca vulgaris, Laurus sp., Triticum sp., Urtica sp., Verbascum sp., weeds and by aerial collector. 2. Genus: Platyplax Fieb. 1. Platyplax inermis (Rb.) Material studied: Adana (Ceyhan), İçel (Erdemli-Güzeloluk), Kastamonu (Araç) (Fig. 10). 4 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: They were collected from the end of May to the mid of July on Onopordum sp. and weeds.

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z Heterogaster urticae g Platyplax inermis s Platyplax salviae

Figure 10. Distribution of the species of Heterogaster urticae, Platyplax inermis and P. salviae.

zKleidocerys truncatulus ericae gKleidocerys truncatulus truncatulus

Figure 11. Distribution of the species of Kleidocerys truncatulus ericae and K. truncatulus truncatulus.

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2. Platyplax salviae (Schl.) Material studied: Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent), İçel (Anamur, Çamlıyayla, ErdemliGüzeloluk, Mut), Karaman (Bucakkışla) (Fig. 10). 53 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: They were collected from the second part of April to the first week of July, on Salvia sp., Vitis vinifera and weeds. G. Subfamily: Ischnorrhynchinae Stal 1. Genus: Kleidocerys Ww. 1. Kleidocerys truncatulus ericae (Hv.) Material studied: Bartın (Amasra, Ulus), Bolu (Mengen), Karaman (Ermenek), Sinop (Ayancık, Boyabat, Central province, Erfelek), Zonguldak (Central province, Devrek, Ereğli, Filyos) (Fig. 11). 169 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: The adults collected from the end of April to the third week of July. They were taken on Cistus sp., Cornus sp., Juglans regia, Prunus amygdali, Quercus sp., Rhododendron sp., Rubus sp., Urtica sp., Vicia fabae, weeds and by aerial collector. 2. Kleidocerys truncatulus truncatulus (Wk.) Material studied: Antalya (Güllük Mountain) (Fig. 11). 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: It was collected at the end of July on Cannabis sp. H. Subfamily : Lygaeinae Stal 1. Genus: Arocatus Spin. 1. Arocatus longiceps Stal Material studied: Adana (Feke, Saimbeyli), Ankara (Nallıhan), Antalya (Alanya, Central province-Sinan, Finike, Kemer, Kumluca-Olimpus), Bartın (Central province, Ulus), Hatay (Hassa, Yayladağı), İçel (Anamur, Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere, Erdemli-Arslanköy, Mut, Silifke-Uzuncaburç), Kahramanmaraş (Göksun), Karabük (Safranbolu), Zonguldak (Çaycuma) (Fig. 12). 164 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were collected in July. They were taken on different trees such as Juglans sp., Pistacia terebinthus, Platanus orientalis, Rubus sp. and weeds. 2. Arocatus melanocephalus (F.) Material studied: Kahramanmaraş (Andırın), Karaman (Ermenek) (Fig. 12). 5 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected in April on Quercus sp., Styrax sp. and understone. 3. Arocatus roeseli (Schl.) Material studied: Ankara (Nallıhan) (Fig. 12). Only 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: This single specimen was taken on Pistacia terebinthus in July.

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z Arocatus longiceps gArocatus melanocephalus s Arocatus roeseli

Figure 12. Distribution of the species of Arocatus longiceps, A. melanocephalus and A. roeseli.

s Apterola pedestris g Apterola rubicunda z Caenocoris nerii

Figure 13. Distribution of the species of Apterola pedestris, A.rubicunda and Caenocoris nerii.

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2. Genus : Apterola Ms. & Rey 1. Apterola pedestris Stal Material studied: İçel (Gülnar) (Fig. 13). Only 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: This single specimen was taken on the ground in the mid of April. 2. Apterola rubicunda Stal Material studied: Gaziantep (Nizip, Oğuzeli), Kahramanmaraş (Nurhak Mountain) (Fig. 13). 5 specimens. Occurrence : Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from mid of June up to mid of July. They were taken on weeds and also understone.

s Lygaeosoma anatolicum gLygaeosoma erythropterum z Lygaeosoma reticulatum

Figure 14. Distribution of the species of Lygaeosoma anatolicum, L. erythropterum and L. reticulatum. 3. Genus : Caenocoris Fieb. 1. Caenocoris nerii (Gm.) Material studied:Adana (Kozan, Saimbeyli), Antalya (Gazipaşa, Manavgat, Serik), İçel (Anamur, Gülnar, Erdemli-Güzeloluk, Mut, Tarsus) (Fig. 13). 24 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Specimens were collected from mid of April up to the beginning of July. They were taken on Cedrus sp., Fraxinus sp., Nerium oleander, Styrax sp. and Tamarix sp. 4. Genus : Lygaeosoma Spin. 1. Lygaeosoma anatolicum Seid. Material studied: Kırıkkale (Keskin), Konya (Ereğli) (Fig. 14). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: They were collected from the end of June to the beginning of July. They were taken on Prunus persica and Verbascum sp.

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2. Lygaeosoma erythropterum Pt. Material studied: Antalya (Kaş-Kekova), İçel (Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere, Gülnar, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın) (Fig. 14). 11 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April up to the first week of August. They were taken on Cedrus sp., on the ground, understone and by aerial collector. 3. Lygaeosoma reticulatum (H.-S.) Material studied: Adana (Tufanbeyli), Aksaray (Ihlara Valley), Ankara (Central province), Antalya (Elmalı), Çankırı (Central province), Çorum (Alaca), Gaziantep (İslahiye), Hatay (Hassa), İçel (Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere, Erdemli-Fındıkpınarı, Gülnar, Silifke-Kırobası), Karaman (Bucakkışla), Kayseri (Erciyes Mountain), Kırıkkale (Keskin), Kırşehir (Hirfanlı Dam, Kaman), Kilis (Central province), Konya (Central province), Osmaniye (Zorkun), Yozgat (Çekerek) (Fig. 14). 47 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the end of April up to the beginning of August. They were taken on Acer sp., Astragalus sp., Centaurea sp., Juniperus sp., Onopordum sp., Quercus sp., Verbascum sp., weeds, detritus, understone and by aerial collector.

z Lygaeus creticus g Lygaeus equestris

Figure 15. Distribution of the species of Lygaeus creticus and L. equestris. 5. Genus: Lygaeus F. 1. Lygaeus creticus Lc. Material studied: Adana (Karaisalı, Karataş, Kozan), Antalya (Central province-SaklıkentSinan, Kaş, Kemer, Korkuteli, Manavgat, Serik), Gaziantep (Central province), Hatay (Central province, Hassa), İçel (Gülnar, Mut), Konya (Seydişehir) (Fig. 15). 38 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common.

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Biological note: Adults were collected from mid of April up to the end of September. They were taken on Elaeagnus argentea, Nerium oleander, Prunus amygdalis, P. persica, Rhus sp., borraginaceaeous plants and also by aerial collector. 2. Lygaeus equestris (L.) Material studied: Adana (Feke, Misis, Pozantı, Saimbeyli, Tufanbeyli-Gezbeli), Aksaray (Ihlara Valley), Antalya (Akseki, Alanya, Central province-Saklıkent, Elmalı, KaşSinekçibeli, Kumluca-Olimpus, Manavgat, Serik), Ankara (Ayaş, Bağlum, Beypazarı, Çubuk, Elmadağı, Kalecik, Kızılcahamam, Nallıhan, Polatlı, Şereflikoçhisar), Bartın (Central province), Bolu (Mengen), Çankırı (Central province, Çerkeş, Eskipazar, Yapraklı), Çorum (Alaca, Central province, İskilip, Laçin, Osmancık), Eskişehir (Mihalıçcık, Sarıcakaya), Gaziantep (Central province, İslahiye, Yavuzeli), Hatay (Hassa, Altınözü, Central province, Kırıkhan, Samandağ, Yayladağı), İçel (Çamlıyayla, Erdemli, Gülnar, Mut, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Ahır Mountain, Andırın, Elbistan, Göksun, Nurhak Mountain, Pazarcık), Karabük (Central province, Safranbolu), Karaman (Central province, Ermenek), Kastamonu (Central province, Taşköprü, Tosya), Kayseri (Erciyes Mountain), Konya (Beyşehir, Bozkır, Doğanhisar, Ereğli, Seydişehir), Kilis (Central province), Nevşehir (Gülşehir), Niğde (Bor, Ulukışla), Sinop (Central province), Yozgat (Sarıkaya, Sorgun) (Fig. 15). Totally 215 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of March up to mid of August. They were taken on different plants and trees such as Astragalus sp., Centaurea sp., Chenopodium sp., Convolvulus sp., Elaeagnus orientalis, Euphorbia sp., Juniperus sp., Lens culinaris, Nerium oleander, Olea europea, Onopordum sp., Peganum harmala, Pinus sp., Pyrus communis, P. malus, Pistacia vera, Platanus sp., Populus sp., Prunus armeniaca, P. domestica, Quercus sp., Rhus sp., Rosa sp., Rubus sp., Rumex sp., Salix sp., Sinapis sp., Spinacia oleracea, Tamarix sp., Verbascum sp., Vicia sp., Vitex sp., weeds, cruciferous plants, umbelliferous plants, on the ground, understone and by aerial collector. 3. Lygaeus pandurus (Scop.) Material studied: Adana (Central province, Karaisalı, Kozan, Saimbeyli, TufanbeyliGezbeli, Tuzla, Yumurtalık), Antalya (Akseki, Alanya, Elmalı, Gazipaşa, Güllük Mountain, Kaş-Sinekçibeli, Kemer, Korkuteli, Kumluca, Manavgat, Serik), Bartın (Central province), Çankırı (Çerkeş), Eskişehir (Central province), Gaziantep (Araban, Central province, Nizip, Oğuzeli, Yavuzeli), Hatay (Altınözü, Central province, Hassa, İskenderun-Arsuz, -Soğukoluk, Kırıkhan, Samandağ, Yayladağı), İçel (Anamur, Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere, ErdemliFındıkpınarı, Gülnar-Gözne, Mersin, Mut, Silifke-Kırobası), Kahramanmaraş (Ahır Mountain, Andırın, Central province, Elbistan, Göksun), Karaman (Ermenek), Kayseri (Central province, Erciyes Mountain), Kilis (Central province), Konya (Beyşehir), Niğde (Bor), Osmaniye (Düziçi, Kadirli, Zorkun) (Fig. 16). 180 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of April to the end of August.They were taken on Abies sp., Althaea rosae, Asphodaline sp., Asphodelus sp., Astragalus sp., Centaurea sp., Cirsium sp., Cistus sp., Cupressus sp., Eleagnus orientalis, Escholtzia sp., Genista sp., Hedera sp., Hordeum vulgare, Juniperus sp., Onobrychis sp., Laurus nobilis, Morus sp., Nerium oleander, Onopordum sp., Pinus sp., Quercus ilex, Rosa sp., Rhus sp., Styrax sp., Triticum vulgare, Verbascum sp., Vitis vinifera, poaceous plants, weeds, on the ground, understone and also by aerial collector.

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z Lygaeus pandurus g Lygaeus saxatilis

Figure 16. Distribution of the species of Lygaeus pandurus and Lygaeus saxatilis. 4. Lygaeus saxatilis (Scop.) Material studied: Adana (Saimbeyli, Tufanbeyli), Ankara (Ayaş, Beypazarı, Çubuk, Güdül, Polatlı), Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent, Güllük Mountain, Kaş-Sinekçibeli, Kemer, Korkuteli), Çankırı (Central province, Eldivan, Yapraklı), Çorum (İskilip), Gaziantep (Central province), Hatay (Hassa, Yayladağı), Kahramanmaraş (Afşin, Andırın, Elbistan, Göksun), Karaman (Ermenek), Kayseri (Erciyes Mountain, Himmetdede, İncesu, Yeşilhisar), Kırıkkale (Keskin), Kırşehir (Central province, Hirfanlı Dam, Kaman, Mucur), Konya (Central province, Yunak), Nevşehir (Derinkuyu, Gülşehir, Hacıbektaş, Kozaklı, Ürgüp), Niğde (Bor), Osmaniye (Zorkun), Yozgat (Boğazlıyan, Central province, Çekerek, Sarıkaya, Sorgun, Yerköy) (Fig. 16). 165 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April up to the third week of August. They were taken on Alhagi sp., Astragalus sp., Beta vulgaris, Cannabis sativa, Centaurea sp., Chenopodium sp., Cirsium sp., Convolvulus sp., Cupressus sp., Genista sp., Hordeum sp., Hypericum sp., Juncus sp., Juniperus sp., Medicago sativa, Onopordum sp., Pinus sp., Pyrus malus, Prunus armeniaca, Quercus sp., Ulmus sp., Verbascum sp., Viscum album, cruciferaous plants, poaceous plants, weeds, on the ground, understone and also by the aerial collector. 6. Genus: Melanocoryphus Stal 1. Melanocoryphus albomaculatus (Gz.) Material studied: Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent), Çorum (Kargı), Eskişehir (Sivrihisar), Karabük (Eflani) (Fig. 17). 4 specimens. Occurrence : Nearly common but in small numbers. Biological note:Specimens were collected from the beginning of May up to the beginning of August. They were taken on Vicia sp., weeds and also by aerial collector.

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zMelanocoryphus albomaculatus gMelanocoryphus superbus sMelanocoryphus tristrami |Tropidothorax leucopterus

Figure 17. Distribution of the species of Melanocoryphus albomaculatus, M. superbus, M. tristrami and Tropidothorax leucopterus. 2. Melanocoryphus superbus Pol. Material studied: Antalya (Alanya, Kaş-Kekova, Korkuteli), Bolu (Mengen), İçel (ErdemliGüzeloluk), Karaman (Ermenek), Kırıkkale (Keskin), Kilis (Central province), Konya (Salt Lake) (Fig. 17). 32 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the end of July. They were taken on Alnus sp., Corylus sp., Matricaria chamomilla, weeds, understone, on the ground and also by aerial collector. 3. Melanocoryphus tristrami (D.-Sc.) Material studied: Hatay (Yayladağı), Karabük (Safranbolu), Karaman (Bucakkışla), Kastamonu (İnebolu), Kırıkkale (Keskin), Konya (Hadim), Zonguldak (Filyos) (Fig. 17). 8 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common but in small numbers. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the beginning of July. They were taken on Medicago sp., weeds, understone and also by aerial collector. 7. Genus : Tropidothorax Bg. 1. Tropidothorax leucopterus (Gz.) Material studied: Ankara (Beypazarı, Şereflikoçhisar), Antalya (Finike), Çorum (İskilip), Kastamonu (Tosya), Konya (Ereğli), Niğde (Bor, Ulukışla), Zonguldak (Çaycuma) (Fig. 17). 34 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April up to the beginning of August. They were taken on Convolvulus sp., Peganum harmala, Urtica sp. and also on weeds. I. Subfamily : Orsillinae Stal 1. Genus : Nysius Dl. 1. Nysius carinatus Lb.

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Material studied: Kırşehir (Central province, Kaman), Konya (Bozkır) (Fig. 18). 11 specimens. Occurrence : Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of June up to the mid of August. All specimens were taken on weeds.

s Nysius carinatus z Nysius cymoides g Nysius ericae

Figure 18. Distribution of the species of Nysius carinatus, N. cymoides and N. ericae. 2. Nysius cymoides Spin. Material studied: Adana (Gavur Mountain, Karataş, Kozan, Pozantı, Saimbeyli, Tufanbeyli), Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent, Elmalı, Finike, Gündoğmuş, Kaş, Manavgat, Serik), Gaziantep (İslahiye, Nizip, Oğuzeli), Hatay (Central province, Hassa, İskenderun, Reyhanlı, Yayladağı), İçel (Central province, Çamlıyayla-Gözne, Erdemli-Güzeloluk, Mut, SilifkeUzuncaburç), Kahramanmaraş (Afşin, Andırın, Central province, Elbistan, Göksun, Nurhak Mountain, Pazarcık, Türkoğlu), Kayseri (Central province, İncesu, Yeşilhisar), Kilis (Central province), Osmaniye (Kadirli) (Fig. 18). 145 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the mid of August. They were taken on Acacia sp., Agropyron sp., Beta vulgaris var. altissima, Centaurea sp., Chenopodium sp., Cirsium sp., Matricaria sp., Mentha sp., Medicago sativa, Pyrus communis, Quercus sp., Salvia sp., Juncus sp., Rhus sp., Vicia sp., weeds, by light trap and also by aerial collector.

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3. Nysius ericae (Schl.) Material studied: Adana (Ceyhan, Karataş, Kozan, Saimbeyli, Tufanbeyli, Yumurtalık), Ankara (Ayaş), Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent, Elmalı, Finike, Gazipaşa, Güllük Mountain, Kaş-Sinekçibeli, Kemer, Kumluca, Manavgat, Serik), Bolu (Akçakoca), Gaziantep (Nizip, Oğuzeli, Yavuzeli), Hatay (Hassa, Central province, Dörtyol, İskenderun-Arsuz, Kırıkhan, Reyhanlı, Samandağ, Yayladağı), İçel (Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere, -Gözne, Erdemli-Fındıkpınarı, -Güzeloluk, Gülnar, Mersin, Silifke-Uzuncahisar, -Uzuncaburç), Kahramanmaraş (Afşin, Andırın, Elbistan, Türkoğlu), Kayseri (Bünyan, Central province, Erciyes Mountain, İncesu, Yılanlıdağ), Kilis (Central province), Nevşehir (Avanos, Göreme), Niğde (Çamardı), Osmaniye (Düziçi), Yozgat (Sarıkaya), Zonguldak (Ereğli) (Fig. 18). Totally 257 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the mid of April up to the beginning of September. They were taken on different species of plants such as Anthemis sp., Antirrhinum majus, Astragalus sp., Centaurea sp., Chenopodium sp., Cirsium sp., Juncus sp., Matricaria sp., Medicago sativa, Mentha sp., Phloemis sp., Quercus ilex, Q. macrolepis, Salvia sp., Sambucus sp., Tamarix sp., Triticum sp., Verbascum sp., Vicia sp., poaceous plants, weeds, on the ground and by aerial collector.

z Nysius graminicola g Nysius helveticus s Nysius punctipennis

Figure 19. Distribution of the species of Nysius graminicola, N. helveticus and N. punctipennis. 4. Nysius graminicola (Klt.) Material studied: Adana (Ceyhan, Gavur Mountain, Kozan, Pozantı, Saimbeyli, Tufanbeyli, Yumurtalık), Ankara (Elmadağ, Polatlı), Antalya (Alanya, Central province-Saklıkent, Elmalı, Finike, Gazipaşa, Güllük Mountain, Kaş-Sinekçibeli, Kemer, Korkuteli, Manavgat, Serik), Bartın (Ulus), Çorum (Laçin, Osmancık), Gaziantep (Araban, Central province-Burç, Fevzipaşa, İslahiye, Nizip, Oğuzeli, Yavuzeli), Hatay (Altınözü, Central province, Hassa,

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İskenderun-Arsuz, -Soğukoluk, Kırıkhan, Reyhanlı, Samandağ, Yayladağı), İçel (Anamur, Aydıncık, Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere, -Gözne, Erdemli-Güzeloluk, Gülnar, Mut, SilifkeKırobası, -Ovacık, -Uzuncaburç), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın, Afşin, Elbistan, Göksun, Nurhak Mountain, Pazarcık, Türkoğlu), Karaman (Ermenek), Kastamonu (Central province, Taşköprü, Tosya), Kayseri (Bünyan, Erciyes Mountain, İncesu, Pınarbaşı, Yeşilhisar), Kilis (Central province), Konya (Ereğli), Nevşehir (Avanos, Göreme), Osmaniye (Düziçi, Zorkun), Zonguldak (Çaycuma) (Fig. 19). 552 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the end of April up to the end August. They were taken on Allium cepa, Ammi sp., Beta vulgaris var. altissima, Chenopodium sp., Cicer arietinum, Cirsium sp., Crataegus sp., Echium sp., Gossypium sp., Grammea sp., Inula sp., Juncus sp., Lens culinaris, Matricaria chamomilla, Medicago sativa, Mentha sp., Onopordum sp., Pinus sp., Rhus sp., Salvia sp., Scrophularia sp., Sinapis sp., Tamarix sp., Triticum sp., Verbascum sp., poaceous plants, weeds and also by aerial collector. 5. Nysius helveticus (H.-S.) Material studied: Antalya (Finike), Niğde (Çamardı) (Fig. 19). 4 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of June up to the end of July. They were taken on Astragalus sp. and Quercus sp. 6. Nysius punctipennis (H.-S.) Material studied: Çorum (İskilip), Kayseri (Bünyan, Pınarbaşı), Nevşehir (Avanos) (Fig. 19). 9 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were taken on Chenopodium sp. and weeds except two which were caught by light trap in August by aerial collector. 7. Nysius senecionis (Schl.) Material studied: Ankara (Elmadağ, Polatlı), Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent, Gündoğmuş), Çorum (Laçin), Eskişehir (Sivrihisar), Hatay (Dörtyol, Hassa), İçel (Silifke), Kahramanmaraş (Afşin, Elbistan, Nurhak Mountain, Türkoğlu), Karabük (Safranbolu), Kayseri (Bünyan, Central province), Kilis (Central province), Konya (Central province), Nevşehir (Göreme), Zonguldak (Çaycuma, Ereğli) (Fig. 20). 41 specimens. Occurrence : Common. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the end of April up to the mid of August. They were taken on Chenopodium sp., Sinapis sp., Verbascum sp. and also different species of weeds, light trap and by aerial collector. 8. Nysius stalianus Hv. Material studied: Bolu (Akçakoca), Konya (Ereğli), Zonguldak (Ereğli) (Fig. 20). 9 specimens. Occurrence : Occasionally. Biological note : Adults were collected from the end of May up to the beginning of July. They were taken on Cistus sp., weeds and also by aerial collector.

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z Nysius senecionis g Nysius stalianus s Nysius thymi

Figure 20. Distribution of the species of Nysius senecionis, N. stalianus and N. thymi.

z Orsillus depressus g Orsillus maculatus s Orsillus reyi

Figure 21. Distribution of the species of Orsillus depressus, O. maculatus and O. reyi.

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9. Nysius thymi (W.) Material studied: Adana (Karataş, Tufanbeyli), Antalya (Alanya, Güllük Mountain, Kaş, Kemer), Gaziantep (Nizip, Oğuzeli), Hatay (Hassa, İskenderun, -Soğukoluk, Kırıkhan, Samandağ), İçel (Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere, Erdemli-Fındıkpınarı, Silifke-Kırobası, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Türkoğlu), Kayseri (Erciyes Mountain), Kilis (Central province), Osmaniye (Düziçi, Kadirli) (Fig. 20). 100 specimens. Occurrence : Common. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the end of May to the mid of August. They were taken on Centaurea sp., Cicer arietinum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Gossypium sp., Juniperus sp., Mentha sp., Phloemis sp., Salvia sp., Sinapis sp., Tamarix sp., Thymus vulgaris, Triticum sp., Verbascum sp., poaceous plants, weeds and also by aerial collector. 2. Genus : Orsillus Dl. 1. Orsillus depressus Dl. Material studied: Adana (Pozantı), Antalya (Elmalı, Gündoğmuş, Kaş-Sinekçibeli, Korkuteli, Manavgat), Çankırı (Ilgaz Mountain), Çorum (Osmancık), İçel (ErdemliFındıkpınarı, Çamlıyayla-Gözne, Gülnar, Mut, Silifke-Kırobası), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın, Göksun), Konya (Doğanhisar), Niğde (Ulukışla) (Fig. 21). 53 specimens. Occurrence : Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of April up to the beginning of August. They were taken on Cistus sp., Cupressus sp., Juniperus sp., Paliurus sp., Pinus sp., Thuja sp.,Urtica sp. and also weeds. 2. Orsillus maculatus (Fieb.) Material studied: Adana (Central province, Kozan), Antalya (Elmalı, Gündoğmuş, Korkuteli, Serik), İçel (Anamur, Erdemli-Arslanköy, Mut, Silifke-Kırobası), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın), Kilis (Central province), Niğde (Ulukışla) (Fig. 21). 45 specimens. Occurrence : Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April up to the end of July. They were taken on Cupressus sp., Juniperus sp., Thuja sp. and also weeds. 3. Orsillus reyi Pt. Material studied: Adana (Karaisalı, Kozan, Pozantı), Antalya (Kaş-Sinekçibeli, Korkuteli), Gaziantep (Central province), Hatay (İskenderun-Soğukoluk), İçel (Gülnar, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Central province) (Fig. 21). 21 specimens. Occurrence : Nearly common. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the mid of April up to the beginning of August. They were taken on Cupressus sp., Juniperus sp., Pinus sp. and also on weeds. 3. Genus : Ortholomus Stal 1. Ortholomus jordani Hob. Material studied: Antalya (Korkuteli), Gaziantep (Oğuzeli), Hatay (Hassa) (Fig. 22). 4 specimens. Occurrence : Very occasionally. Biological note : Adults were collected from the beginning of June up to the end of July. They were taken on Poterium sp. and different species of weeds.

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z Ortholomus jordani g Paranysius fraterculus s Auchenodes capito | Brachyplax palliata

Figure 22. Distribution of the species of Auchenodes capito, Brachyplax palliata, Ortholomus jordani and Paranysius fraterculus. 4. Genus : Paranysius Hv. 1. Paranysius fraterculus Hv. Material studied: Gaziantep (Central province) (Fig. 22). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were taken on weeds in the beginning of June. J. Subfamily: Oxycareninae Stal 1. Genus: Auchenodes Hv. 1. Auchenodes capito Hv. Material studied: Gaziantep (Central province) (Fig. 22). 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adult was collected in the middle of July on weed. 2. Genus: Brachyplax Fieb. 1. Brachyplax palliata (C.) Material studied: Gaziantep (Oğuzeli), İçel (Çamlıyayla-Gözne), Kastamonu (Bozkurt), Niğde (Central province) (Fig. 22). 9 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of May to the third week of July.They were taken on Alkanna sp., Amygdalus sp. and different species of weeds.

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z Leptodemus minutus g Macroplax fasciata s Macropternella inermis

Figure 23. Distribution of the species of Leptodemus minutus, Macroplax fasciata and Macropternella inermis. 3. Genus: Leptodemus Rt. 1. Leptodemus minutus (Jak.) Material studied: Gaziantep (Central province, Nizip), Kahramanmaraş (Türkoğlu), Kilis (Central province) (Fig. 23). 10 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of June to the third week of July. They were taken on Salix sp., different species of weeds, from stubble and by the aerial collector. 4. Genus: Macroplax Fieb. 1. Macroplax fasciata (H.-S.) Material studied: Adana (Karataş, Tufanbeyli), Ankara (Central province), Antalya (Alanya, Central province, Finike, Korkuteli, Manavgat), Çorum (Central province), Gaziantep (Yavuzeli), Hatay (Central province, Hassa, İskenderun-Soğukoluk), İçel (Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın), Karaman (Central province), Kırıkkale (Keskin), Kırşehir (Kaman), Konya (Çumra), Sinop (Erfelek), Osmaniye (Zorkun), Zonguldak (Ereğli) (Fig. 23). 33 specimens. Occurrence: Common but found in small numbers. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the end of August.They were taken Astragalus sp., Citrus sp., Onopordum sp., Pyrus communis, Quercus sp., Rubus sp., Styrax sp., Tamarix sp., Triticum sp., Veronica sp., different species of weeds and by the aerial collector.

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z Metopoplax fuscinervis g Metopoplax origani

Figure 24. Distribution of the species of Metopoplax fuscinervis and M. origani. 5. Genus: Macropternella Slt. 1. Macropternella inermis (Fieb.) Material studied: Antalya (Central province) (Fig. 23). 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adult was collected at the middle of September on Olea europea. 6. Genus: Metopoplax Fieb. 1. Metopoplax fuscinervis Stal Material studied: Adana (Tufanbeyli), Antalya (Akseki, Central province, -Saklıkent, Elmalı, Güllük Mountain, Korkuteli, Kumluca), Gaziantep (Fevzipaşa), Hatay (Central province, Hassa, Kırıkhan, Yayladağı), İçel (Erdemli-Güzeloluk, Silifke-Kırobası), Kahramanmaraş (Central province), Karabük (Eflani), Kastamonu (Central province, Tosya), Kırşehir (Mucur, Kaman), Nevşehir (Hacıbektaş), Niğde (Central province), Osmaniye (Bahçe, Zorkun). (Fig. 24). 185 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were taken from the third week of April to the first week of July.They were taken on Artemisia sp., Astragalus sp., Citrus sp., Malus communis, Matricaria chamomilla, Pinus sp., Sinapis sp., Triticum sp., Urtica sp., Verbascum sp., different species of weeds and by the aerial collector. 2. Metopoplax origani (Klt.) Material studied: Adana (Gavur Mountain, Karaisalı, Kozan, Saimbeyli, Tufanbeyli, Gezbeli, Yumurtalık), Aksaray (Central province), Antalya (Alanya, Central provinceSaklıkent, -Sinan, Gazipaşa, Gündoğmuş, Kaş, Kemer, Kumluca, -Olimpus, Manavgat, Serik), Bartın (Amasra, Central province, Kurucaşile), Bolu (Abant Lake, Akçakoca, Gerede, Mengen, Yedigöller), Çankırı (Central province, Şabanözü), Çorum (Ortaköy), Eskişehir

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(Mihalıçcık), Hatay (Altınözü, Central province, Dörtyol, Hassa, İskenderun-Soğukoluk, Kırıkhan, Samandağ, Yayladağı), İçel (Anamur, Erdemli-Güzeloluk, -Fındıkpınarı, Gülnar, Mut, Çamlıyayla, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Afşin, Andırın, Göksun, Nurhak), Karaman (Ermenek), Karabük (Central province, Eflani, Safranbolu), Kastamonu (Central province, Cide, Devrekani), Konya (Akşehir, Central province, Cihanbeyli, Doğanhisar, Ereğli, Kulu, Seydişehir), Niğde (Çamardı, Ihlara Valley, Ulukışla), Osmaniye (Düziçi, Kadirli, Zorkun), Zonguldak (Central province, Çaycuma, Ereğli, Filyos) (Fig. 24). 510 specimens. Occurrence: Very common. Biological note: Adults were collected from beginning of April to the middle of August. They were taken on Althaea rosae, Astragalus sp., Cistus spp., Corylus avellana, Crataegus sp., Cydonia vulgaris, Fagus sp., Juncus sp., Laurus sp., Matricaria chamomilla, Melilotus sp., Phloemis sp., Pinus sp., Pyrus communis, Quercus sp., Rosa sp., Salix sp., Sinapis sp., Tamarix sp., Ulmus sp., Verbascum sp., brassicaceous plants, poaceous plants, labiateous plants, different species of weeds, on the ground, light trap and by the aerial collector.

s Microplax albofasciata z Microplax interrupta g Microplax limbata

Figure 25. Distribution of the species of Microplax albofasciata, M. interrupta and M. limbata. 7. Genus: Microplax Fieb. 1. Microplax albofasciata (C.) Material studied: Antalya (Central province) (Fig. 25). 1 specimen. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adult was collected at last week of July on Olea europea. 2. Microplax interrupta (Fieb.) Material studied: Adana (Kozan, Saimbeyli, Tufanbeyli-Gezbeli), Antalya (Central province -Söğüt, Kaş), Gaziantep (Araban, Central province, Yavuzeli), Hatay (Hassa), İçel (ErdemliGüzeloluk, Mut), Kahramanmaraş (Elbistan, Göksun), Kayseri (Central province), Kırşehir (Kaman), Konya (Beyşehir) (Fig. 25). 41 specimens. Occurrence: Common.

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Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of April to the beginning of August on Juncus sp., Juniperus sp., Mentha sp., Quercus sp., Salvia sp., Verbascum sp., on weeds, on the ground and by the aerial collector. 3. Microplax limbata Fieb. Material studied: Gaziantep (Araban, Central province, Oğuzeli, Yavuzeli), Hatay (Altınözü), İçel (Çamlıyayla), Nevşehir (Hacıbektaş), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın) (Fig. 25). 11 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common but in small numbers. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of June to the end of July.They were taken on Cedrus sp., Olea europea, Pistacia terebinthus, Quercus sp., Salix sp., poaceous plants and different species of weeds. 8. Genus: Oxycarenus Fieb. 1. Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (C.) Material studied: Adana (Central province, Ceyhan, Karataş, Misis, Yumurtalık), Ankara (Central province), Antalya (Alanya, Central province, Kaş, Korkuteli, Serik), Hatay (Altınözü, Hassa, İskenderun, Kırıkhan, Reyhanlı), İçel (Anamur, Erdemli, Tarsus), Karaman (Central province), Kastamonu (Tosya), Kilis (Central province), Konya (Çumra), Niğde (Ulukışla), Sinop (Boyabat) (Fig. 26). 146 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of April to the end of August. They were taken on Althaea rosae, Centaurea sp., Cirsium sp., Gossypium sp., Hibiscus esculentus, Juncus sp., Malva sp., Matricaria sp., Rhus sp., poaceous plants, different species of weeds, by light trap, understone and also by the aerial collector.

gOxycarenus hyalinipennis s Oxycarenus longiceps | Oxycarenus modestus z Oxycarenus pallens

Figure 26. Distribution of the species of Oxycarenus hyalinipennis, O. longiceps, O. modestus and O. pallens. 2. Oxycarenus longiceps Wgn.

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Material studied: Ankara (Central province), Çorum (Bayat, Laçin), Karaman (Ermenek), Kastamonu (Tosya), Kayseri (Bünyan, Pınarbaşı, Yeşilhisar, Yılanlıdağ), Kırşehir (Çiçekdağı, Kaman, Mucur), Nevşehir (Göreme, Gülşehir, Hacıbektaş, Ürgüp), Yozgat (Boğazlıyan, Central province, Sarıkaya) (Fig. 26). 89 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of July to the end of August.They were taken on Beta vulgaris, Chenopodium sp., Cirsium sp., Cucurbita sp., Euphorbia sp., Heliotropium sp., Juncus sp., Medicago sativa, Onopordum sp., Ulmus sp., different species of weeds and also by the aerial collector. 3. Oxycarenus modestus (Fn.) Material studied: Kahramanmaraş (Central province) (Fig. 26). 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adult was collected at the end of April on Triticum sp.

z Cymophyes ochroleuca g Aphanus rolandri s Beosus maritimus

Figure 27. Distribution of the species of Cymophyes ochroleuca, Aphanus rolandri and Beosus maritimus. 4. Oxycarenus pallens (H.-S.) Material studied: Adana (Tufanbeyli), Antalya (Akseki, Central province-Saklıkent, -Sinan, -Söğüt, Elmalı, Finike, Kaş, Kemer, Korkuteli, Kumluca), Bolu (Yedigöller), Gaziantep (Araban, Central province, Nizip, Oğuzeli, Yavuzeli), Hatay (Central province, Hassa, Kırıkhan), İçel (Gülnar, Mut), Karabük (Central province), Karaman (Central province, Ermenek), Kahramanmaraş (Afşin, Ahır Mountain, Elbistan, Göksun, Nurhak Mountain, Türkoğlu), Kastamonu (Central province, Taşköprü), Kayseri (Develi, İncesu, Tomarza, Yılanlıdağ), Kırıkkale (Keskin), Kırşehir (Kaman, Mucur), Kilis (Central province), Konya (Beyşehir, Bozkır, Ereğli, Seydişehir, Yunak), Nevşehir (Central province, Hacıbektaş), Niğde (Central province, Ulukışla), Sinop (Boyabat) (Fig. 26). 184 specimens.

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Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of April to the beginning of August on Althaea rosae, Amygdalus sp., Astragalus sp., Beta vulgaris, Capparis sp., Centaurea solstitialis, Cirsium sp., Daucus sp., Fagus sp., Hordeum sp., Inula sp., Juncus sp., Juniperus sp., Matricaria chamomilla, Medicago sativa, Olea europea, Onopordum sp., Phloemis sp., Pyrus malus, Quercus sp., Rhus sp., Rubus sp., Salix sp., Sinapis sp., Sonchus sp., Tamarix sp., Triticum sp., Verbascum sp., poaceous plants, leguminosaeous plants, weeds, on the ground, light trap and by the aerial collector. K. Subfamily: Pachygrontinae Stal 1.Genus: Cymophyes Fieb. 1. Cymophyes ochroleuca Fieb. Material studied: Gaziantep (Central province, İslahiye), Hatay (Hassa, Reyhanlı), Kahramanmaraş (Ahır Mountain), Konya (Central province), Nevşehir (Avanos) (Fig. 27). 15 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common but in small numbers. Biological note: The adults were collected from the end of April to the mid of July.They were taken on poaceous plants and weeds. L. Subfamily: Rhyparochrominae Stal 1. Genus: Aphanus Lp. 1. Aphanus rolandri (L.) Material studied: Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent), Ankara (Central province), Bolu (Mudurnu), Çorum (İskilip), Karabük (Safranbolu), Kırşehir (Hirfanlı Dam), Osmaniye (Düziçi). (Fig. 27). 33 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: They were collected from the mid of April to the first week of August on Prunus avium, Secale cereale, Verbascum sp., weeds, on the ground and by the aerial collector. 2. Genus: Beosus A.-S. 1. Beosus maritimus (Scop.) Material studied: Gaziantep (Oğuzeli), İçel (Tarsus, Çamlıyayla), Hatay (İskenderunSoğukoluk), Kahramanmaraş (Central province), Karabük (Central province), Kastamonu (Taşköprü), Osmaniye (Central province), Zonguldak (Central province) (Fig. 27). 11 specimens. Occurrence: Common but in small numbers. Biological note: They were collected from the end of March to the wid of July on Asphodelus sp., Prunus domestica, Rosa sp., Rubus sp., Urtica sp., umbelliferous plants, weeds and by the aerial collector.

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2. Beosus quadripunctata (Ml.) Material studied: Adana (Pozantı), Antalya (Alanya, Central province, Kumluca-Mavikent, Manavgat), Bartın (Central province, Ulus), Çankırı (Ilgaz), Çorum (İskilip), Eskişehir (Sivrihisar), Hatay (İskenderun-Soğukoluk, Kırıkhan), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın, Göksun), Karabük (Safranbolu), Kastamonu (Devrekani, Taşköprü, İnebolu), Kayseri (Central province, Himmetdede), Karaman (Central province), Konya (Beyşehir, Bozkır), Niğde (Ulukışla), Osmaniye (Kadirli), Zonguldak (Çaycuma, Ereğli) (Fig. 28). 37 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: The adults were collected from the mid of April to the end of September on Ballota sp., Carthamus sp., Juniperus sp., Matricaria sp., Ononis sp., Sinapis sp., Tamarix sp., Urtica sp., Veronica sp., weeds, understone, on the ground and by aerial collector.

z Beosus quadripunctata g Camptocera glaberrima s Diomphalus hispidulus

Figure 28. Distribution of the species of Beosus quadripunctata, Camptocera glaberrima and Diomphalus hispidulus. 3. Genus : Camptocera Jak. 1. Camptocera glaberrima (Wk.) Material studied: Ankara (Nallıhan), Eskişehir (Sarıcakaya), Gaziantep (Nizip), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın, Elbistan, Türkoğlu), Nevşehir (Avanos) (Fig. 28). 29 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: They were collected from the first week of July to the mid of August on Salix sp., light trap and by aerial collector. 4.Genus : Diomphalus Fieb. 1. Diomphalus hispidulus Fieb. Material studied: Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent), Kahramanmaraş (Göksun, Nurhak Mountain), Karaman (Central province) (Fig. 28). 19 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally.

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Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the end of July on Astragalus sp., weeds and understone. 5. Genus : Emblethis Fieb. 1. Emblethis angustus Mtd. Material studied: Adana (Feke, Pozantı), Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent, Elmalı), İçel (Silifke), Niğde (Ulukışla) (Fig. 29). 7 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: They were collected from the first week of April to the beginning of July on Trifolium sp., Verbascum sp., weeds, poaceous plants and on the ground.

s Emblethis angustus z Emblethis brachynotus g Emblethis ciliatus

Figure 29. Distribution of the species of Emblethis angustus, E. brachynotus and E. ciliatus. 2. Emblethis brachynotus Hv. Material studied: Antalya (Kaş), Çankırı (Central province), Çorum (Ortaköy), Eskişehir (Sivrihisar), İçel (Erdemli-Cennet, Çamlıyayla-Gözne), Kayseri (Erciyes Mountain), Kırşehir (Mucur), Konya (Central province, Seydişehir), Nevşehir (Derinkuyu), Niğde (Çamardı, Ulukışla), Sinop (Boyabat), Yozgat (Central province), Zonguldak (Çaycuma) (Fig. 29). 27 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common but in small numbers. Biological note: The adults were collected from the end of April to the end of August on Astragalus sp., Matricaria chamomilla, Tamarix sp., on the ground, understone and by the aerial collector. 3. Emblethis ciliatus Hv. Material studied: Adana (Pozantı, Tufanbeyli), Ankara (Elmadağ, Polatlı), Antalya (Central province), Çorum (İskilip), Hatay (Hassa), İçel (Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Ahır Mountain, Elbistan, Göksun, Nurhak Mountain, Türkoğlu), Kayseri

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(Yeşilhisar, Yılanlıdağ), Niğde (Bor, Çamardı, Ulukışla), Yozgat (Boğazlıyan) (Fig. 29). 65 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: They were collected from the mid of April to the mid of August on Astragalus sp., Matricaria sp., Peganum harmala, Pinus sp., Salvia sp., poaceous plants, weeds, on the ground, understone, and by the aerial collector. 4. Emblethis denticollis Hv. Material studied: Ankara (Central province, Kalecik, Polatlı), Antalya (Central province, Gündoğmuş, Manavgat), Eskişehir (Sivrihisar), Hatay (Hassa, Yayladağı), İçel (SilifkeKırobası, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Afşin, Nurhak Mountain, Türkoğlu), Kayseri (Bünyan, Pınarbaşı), Kırşehir (Hirfanlı Dam, Mucur), Kilis (Central province), Konya (Central province), Nevşehir (Hacıbektaş), Niğde (Central province) (Fig. 30). 61 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the end of August on Chenopodium sp., Crataegus sp., Prunus amygdali, Spinacia oleracea, Triticum sp., weeds, light trap, on the ground, understone and by the aerial collector.

z Emblethis denticollis g Emblethis griseus s Emblethis kareli

Figure 30. Distribution of the species of Emblethis denticollis, E. griseus and E. kareli. 5. Emblethis griseus W. Material studied: Adana (Pozantı), Ankara (Polatlı), Antalya (Alanya, Finike, Kaş, Korkuteli, Manavgat), İçel (Anamur, Çamlıyayla, Erdemli-Güzeloluk, Gülnar, Mut, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Ahır Mountain, Andırın, Göksun), Karabük (Safranbolu), Kayseri (Central province, İncesu), Kırşehir (Mucur), Osmaniye (Düziçi), Yozgat (Central province), Zonguldak (Çaycuma) (Fig. 30). 50 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common.

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Biological note: They were collected from the first week of April to the third week of August on Astragalus sp., Cirsium sp., Medicago sativa, M. maritima, Tamarix sp., weeds, on the ground, understone and by the aerial collector. 6. Emblethis kareli Hob. Material studied: Aksaray (Central province), Çorum (İskilip), Nevşehir (Hacıbektaş), Niğde (Bor) (Fig. 30). 5 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common but in small numbers. Biological note: The adults were collected between May and August on Astragalus sp., on the ground and understone. 7. Emblethis osmanus Seid. Material studied: İçel (Çamlıyayla), Kahramanmaraş (Afşin, Elbistan) (Fig. 31). 9 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: They were collected in July on the ground, weeds and by the aerial collector.

g Emblethis osmanus s Emblethis setifer z Emblethis verbasci

Figure 31. Distribution of the species of Emblethis osmanus, E. setifer and E. verbasci. 8. Emblethis setifer Seid. Material studied: Adana (Tufanbeyli) (Fig. 31). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Extremely occasionally. Biological note: They were collected at the beginning of June from understone. 9. Emblethis verbasci (F.) Material studied: Aksaray (Central province), Çankırı (Central province), Çorum (Central province, İskilip), Kahramanmaraş (Göksun), Karaman (Central province, Ermenek), Kayseri (Central province, Yeşilhisar), Kırıkkale (Keskin), Konya (Beyşehir, Bozkır, Central province, Hadım), Nevşehir (Ürgüp), Niğde (Bor, Çamardı, Ulukışla) (Fig. 31). 38 specimens.

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Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: The adults were collected from the second part of April to the mid of August on Juniperus sp., Tamarix sp., on the ground, dung, understone and by the aerial collector. 6. Genus : Eremocoris Fieb. 1. Eremocoris fenestratus (H.-S.) Material studied: Adana (Pozantı), Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent, Finike), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın) (Fig. 32). 5 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: They were collected in April and in July on Juniperus sp., Quercus sp., Verbascum sp. and on the ground.

z Eremocoris fenestratus g Gastrodes grossipes | Gonianotus barbarus sGonianotus marginepunctatus

Figure 32. Distribution of the species of Eremocoris fenestratus, Gastrodes grossipes, Gonianotus barbarus and G. marginepunctatus. 7. Genus: Gastrodes Ww. 1. Gastrodes grossipes (DeG.) Material studied: Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent, Kaş-Sinekçibeli), Çorum (İskilip), İçel (Mut), Kastamonu (Central province), Konya (Central province) (Fig. 32). 19 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April up to the beginning of August on Cedrus sp., Pinus sp. and also on Verbascum sp. 8. Genus: Gonianotus Fieb. 1. Gonianotus barbarus Mtd. Material studied: Adana (Feke), Antalya (Finike, Güllük Mountain, Korkuteli), Kahramanmaraş (Nurhak Mountain) (Fig. 32). 4 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the beginning of May to the end of July.They were taken on Juniperus sp., understone and by the aerial collector.

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2. Gonianotus marginepunctatus (W.) Material studied: Niğde (Bor), Sinop (Boyabat) (Fig. 32). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the end of July from understone. 9. Genus: Hyalochilus Fieb. 1. Hyalochilus dolosus Hv. Material studied: Antalya (Alanya, Kale), Osmaniye (Düziçi) (Fig. 33). 4 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the end of July on Alkanna sp., Armeniaca vulgaris, Tamarix sp. and by the aerial collector. 2. Hyalochilus ovatulus (C.) Material studied: Antalya (Central province), Hatay (Hassa) (Fig. 33). 3 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the mid of April up to the mid of July on weeds.

s Hyalochilus dolosus | Hyalochilus ovatulus z Ischnopeza hirticornis g Ischnopeza pallipes

Figure 33. Distribution of the species of Hyalochilus dolosus, H. ovatulus, Ischnopeza hirticornis and I. pallipes. 10.Genus : Ischnopeza Fieb. 1. Ischnopeza hirticornis (H.-S.) Material studied: Antalya (Korkuteli), Çorum (Central province), Hatay (Yayladağı), İçel (Anamur, Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere, Tarsus) Kahramanmaraş (Ahır Mountain, Andırın), Kırıkkale (Keskin), Konya (Central province, Seydişehir, Yunak), Osmaniye (Düziçi) (Fig. 33). 27 specimens.

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Occurrence: Common. Biological note: They were collected from the end of April up to the beginnig of August on Astragalus sp, Matricaria sp. Onopordum sp., Pinus sp., Quercus sp., weeds, on the ground and also understone. 2. Ischnopeza pallipes Pt. Material studied: Adana (Yumurtalık), Hatay (Kırıkhan), İçel (Silifke-Ovacık, Mut) (Fig. 33). 4 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the beginning of June on the ground and also understone. 11. Genus : Lamprodema Fieb. 1. Lamprodema maurum F. Material studied: Ankara (Kalecik), Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent, -Sinan, Elmalı, Finike, Kale, Kaş-Kekova), Hatay (Hassa), Kahramanmaraş (Göksun), Karaman (Central province), Kayseri (Himmetdede), Kırşehir (Central province), Konya (Ereğli) (Fig. 34). 32 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: They were collected from the beginning of April to the beginning of August. They were taken on Capparis spinosa, Medicago sp., Quercus ilex, Spinacia oleracea, Verbascum sp., some weeds, by light trap, on the ground, understone and also by the aerial collector.

z Lamprodema maurum s Lasiocoris antennatus g Lethaeus cribratissimus | Lethaeus picipes

Figure 34. Distribution of the species of Lamprodema maurum, Lasiocoris antennatus, Lethaeus cribratissimus and L. picipes.

42

12. Genus : Lasiocoris Fieb. 1. Lasiocoris antennatus Mtd. Material studied: Adana (Feke), Antalya (Elmalı), Kahramanmaraş (Ahır Mountain, Andırın) (Fig. 34). 7 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the beginning of April up to the end of July. They were taken on Astragalus sp., Cedrus sp., on the ground and also on weeds. 13 . Genus : Lethaeus Dl. 1. Lethaeus cribratissimus (Stal) Material studied: Adana (Feke, Tufanbeyli), Antalya (Kaş, Kemer, Korkuteli), Hatay (Hassa), İçel (Anamur, Aydıncık, Bozyazı, Gülnar, Mut Silifke-Ovacık), Kilis (Central province), Sinop (Central province) (Fig. 34). 33 specimens. Occurrence: Common but in small numbers. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of April up to the end of July. They were taken on Juniperus sp., Medicago maritima, weeds, on the ground, dung and also understones. 2. Lethaeus picipes ( H.-S. ) Material studied: Antalya (Elmalı), Hatay (Yayladağı), İçel (Anamur) (Fig. 34). 6 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally . Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of April to the mid of July . They were taken on Medicago maritimus, weeds and also understones. 14. Genus: Megalonotus Fieb. 1. Megalonotus brevicornis (Pt.) Material studied: İçel (Erdemli), Kahramanmaraş (Göksun) (Fig. 35). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the mid of June to the beginning of July. They were taken on Astragalus sp. and by the aerial collector. 2. Megalonotus colon Fieb.–Pt. Material studied: Kahramanmaraş (Andırın), Kilis (Central province) (Fig. 35). 3 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were taken at the beginning of June by the aerial collector. 3. Megalonotus emarginatus (Rey) Material studied: Adana (Pozantı), Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent), İçel (Mut), Osmaniye (Zorkun), Zonguldak (Çaycuma) (Fig. 35). 6 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the mid of April to the beginning of June. They were taken on Verbascum sp., weeds, on the ground and by the aerial collector.

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z Megalonotus brevicornis s Megalonotus colon gMegalonotus emarginatus | Megalonotus hirsutus ‡ Megalonotus longipilis

Figure 35. Distribution of the species of Megalonotus brevicornis, M. colon, M. emarginatus, M. hirsutus and M. longipilis.

z Megalonotus maximus gMegalonotus praetextatus sMegalonotus sabulicolus | Megalonotus setosus

Figure 36. Distribution of the species of Megalonotus maximus, M. sabulicolus and M. setosus.

praetextatus, M.

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4. Megalonotus hirsutus Fieb. Material studied: Antalya (Güllük Mountain, Kemer, Manavgat), İçel (Çamlıyayla), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın ) (Fig. 35). 5 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the end of April to the end of July. They were taken by light trap and by the aerial collector. 5. Megalonotus longipilis (Pt.) Material studied: Ankara (Çubuk ) (Fig. 35). 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: It was taken on Pinus sp. at the beginning of May. 6. Megalonotus maximus (Pt.) Material studied: Ankara (Central province), Konya (Central province) (Fig. 36). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: They were collected from the end of April up to the beginning of May on the ground and weeds. 7. Megalonotus praetextatus (H.-S.) Material studied: Antalya (Finike), Gaziantep (Nizip), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın, Göksun), Kastamonu (Tosya), Kayseri (Pınarbaşı), Konya (Akşehir), Osmaniye (Düziçi) (Fig. 36). 16 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the mid of August. They were taken on Cucurbita sp., Morus alba, Pyrus malus, Triticum sp., weeds and by the aerial collector. 8. Megalonotus sabulicolus (Th.) Material studied: Adana (Kozan, Tufanbeyli), Antalya (Korkuteli), Hatay (Hassa, Yayladağı), İçel (Tarsus, Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere), Kahramanmaraş (Göksun), Karabük (Safranbolu), Kastamonu (Tosya) (Fig. 36). 9 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the beginning of August. They were taken on Verbascum sp., weeds, on the ground and by the aerial collector. 9. Megalonotus setosus Pt. Materal studied: Karaman (Ermenek) (Fig. 36). 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: It was collected by the aerial collector at the beginning of July. 15. Genus: Neurocladus Fieb. 1. Neurocladus brachiidens (Df.) Material studied: Adana (Pozantı), Konya (Yunak) (Fig. 37). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: They were collected from the end of April to the beginning of June. They were taken on weeds and from understone.

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16. Genus: Pachybrachius H. 1. Pachybrachius fracticollis (Schl.) Material studied: Hatay (Dörtyol), İçel (Anamur, Erdemli) (Fig. 37). 25 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the end of May to the beginning of July.They were taken on weeds, from salty marsh and also by aerial collector. 17. Genus : Paromius Fieb. 1. Paromius gracilis (Rb.) Material studied: Adana (Kozan), Antalya (Central province, Gündoğmuş), Hatay (Hassa, İskenderun, Reyhanlı), İçel (Erdemli, Gülnar, Mut), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın) (Fig. 37). 34 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biologicall note: Adults were collected from the mid of April to the end of July. They were taken on Agropyron repens, Tamarix sp., Triticum sp., some poaceous plants and weeds.

s Neurocladus brachiidens zPachybrachius fracticollis g Paromius gracilis

Figure 37. Distribution of the species of Neurocladus brachiidens, Pachybrachius fracticollis and Paromius gracilis. 18.Genus: Peritrechus Fieb. 1. Peritrechus ambiguus (Fl.) Material studied: Ankara (Çubuk Dam, Güdül), Çankırı (Çerkeş, Şabanözü), Karaman (Ermenek), Kastamonu (Tosya), Kayseri (Pınarbaşı), Kırşehir (Kaman), Nevşehir (Derinkuyu), Niğde (Ulukışla) (Fig. 38).17 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the mid of August. They were taken on Chenopodium sp., Inula sp., Juniperus sp., Prunus armeniaca, Pyrus communis, P. malus, Salix sp. and also on weeds.

46

2. Peritrechus flavicornis Jak. Material studied: Hatay (Altınözü) (Fig. 38). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected by the aerial collector at the end of April. 3. Peritrechus geniculatus (H.) Material studied : Konya (Bozkır) (Fig. 38). 5 specimens. Occurrence : Very occasionally. Biological note : Specimens were taken on Trifolium sp. at the end of April.

z Peritrechus ambiguus s Peritrechus flavicornis | Peritrechus geniculatus gPeritrechus gracilicornis ‡ Peritrechus lundi

Figure 38. Distribution of the species of Peritrechus ambiguus, P. geniculatus, P. gracilicornis and P. lundi.

flavicornis, P.

4. Peritrechus gracilicornis Pt. Material studied : Adana (Kozan, Tufanbeyli) , Antalya (Finike, Kemer) , Ankara (Polatlı), İçel (Çamlıyayla–Cehennemdere, Mut), Kahramanmaraş (Nurhak Mountain), Karaman (Central province), Kastamonu (Cide), Osmaniye (Zorkun), Zonguldak (Ereğli) (Fig. 38). 13 specimens. Occurrence : Nearly common. Biological note : Specimens were collected from the end of April to the end of July. They were taken on Juncus sp., Quercus ilex, Vicia faba, cruciferaeous plants, weeds, light trap, on the ground and also by the aerial collector. 5. Peritrechus lundi (Gml.) Material studied: Bolu (Mengen) (Fig. 38). Only 1 specimen. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note : This single specimen was taken on weed at the end of May.

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19.Genus: Plinthisus Fieb. 1. Plinthisus hungaricus Hv. Material studied: Antalya (Elmalı, Kaş-Kekova), Hatay (İskenderun-Soğukoluk), İçel (Mut), Kahramanmaraş (Göksun), Kayseri (Hacılar, Yılanlıdağ) (Fig. 39). 9 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common but small numbers. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of April up to the mid of August on Ballota sp., Pinus sp., Verbascum sp., compositaeous plants and on the ground.

z Plinthisus hungaricus g Plinthisus marginatus s Plinthisus mehadiensis | Plinthisus ptilioides

Figure 39. Distribution of the species of Plinthisus mehadiensis and P. ptilioides.

hungaricus, P. marginatus, P.

2. Plinthisus marginatus Fr. Material studied: Gaziantep (Nizip), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın) (Fig. 39). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: They were taken on weeds at the mid of July. 3. Plinthisus mehadiensis Hv. Material studied: Kayseri (Central province), Kırşehir (Hirfanlı Dam), Yozgat (Central province) (Fig. 39). 9 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: They were collected at the mid of August on Acacia sp., weeds and on the ground. 4. Plinthisus ptilioides Pt. Material studied: Kayseri (Yılanlıdağ) (Fig. 39). 1 specimen . Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: It was taken on the ground in the middle of August.

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20. Genus: Pterotmetus A.-S. 1. Pterotmetus staphyliniformis (Schl.) Material studied: Ankara (Bağlum) (Fig. 40). 4 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected at the mid of July on weeds.

sPterotmetus staphyliniformis gRhyparochromus alboacuminatus zRhyparochromus consors

Figure 40. Distribution of the species of Pterotmetus staphyliniformis, Rhyparochromus alboacuminatus and R. consors. 21. Genus: Rhyparochromus H. 1. Rhyparochromus alboacuminatus (Gz.) Material studied: Kahramanmaraş (Andırın, Ahır Mountain) (Fig. 40). 4 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected at the beginning of May on weeds. 2. Rhyparochromus consors (Hv.) Material studied: Bolu (Gerede), Çankırı (Şabanözü), Hatay (Yayladağı), Kayseri (Central province), Kırıkkale (Central province), Konya (Seydişehir), Niğde (Ulukışla), Yozgat (Central province), Zonguldak (Ereğli) (Fig. 40). 13 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common but in small numbers. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of May to the mid of August. They were taken on Centaurea sp., Populus sp., weeds and on the ground. 3. Rhyparochromus immaculatus (Rey) Material studied: Kayseri (Bünyan, Yılanlıdağ), Sinop (Boyabat) (Fig. 41). 4 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of July to the mid of August .They were taken on Chenopodium sp. and weeds.

49

4. Rhyparochromus inarimensis (C.) Material studied: Bolu (Akçakoca, Mengen), İçel (Tarsus), Kayseri (Himmetdede), Sinop (Central province), Zonguldak (Filyos) (Fig. 41). 8 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the beginning of August. They were taken on Cistus sp., Dryopteris sp., weeds, understone and also on the ground.

zRhyparochromus immaculatus gRhyparochromus inarimensis sRhyparochromus lynceus

Figure 41. Distribution of the species of Rhyparochromus immaculatus, R. inarimensis and R. lynceus. 5. Rhyparochromus lynceus (F.) Material studied: Adana (Karaisalı), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın) (Fig. 41). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of May to the mid of June. They were taken on Pinus sp. and also on the ground. 6. Rhyparochromus phoeniceus (R.) Material studied: Bolu (Central province, Mengen), Çorum (İskilip), Hatay (Yayladağı), İçel (Çamlıyayla, Gözne, Erdemli–Fındıkpınarı, -Güzeloluk, Silifke-Kırobası, Tarsus), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın, Göksun), Karabük (Eflani, Safranbolu), Kayseri (Himmetdede, Yılanlıdağ), Kırıkkale (Keskin), Niğde (Ulukışla) (Fig. 42). 31 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Aduls were collected from the end of April to the beginning of August. They were taken on Astragalus sp., Triticum sp., Urtica sp., Verbascum sp., leguminosaceous plants, from understone and dung. 7. Rhyparochromus pineti (H.-S.) Material studied: Konya (Akşehir), Niğde (Ihlara Valley) (Fig. 42). 6 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of April to the beginning of May. They were taken on Urtica sp., weeds and under bark.

50

zRhyparochromus phoeniceus g Rhyparochromus pineti s Rhyparochromus pini

Figure 42. Distribution of the species of Rhyparochromus phoeniceus, R. pineti and R. pini. 8. Rhyparochromus pini (L.) Material studied: Kahramanmaraş (Andırın, Göksun) (Fig. 42). 4 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the mid of June to the end of July. They were taken on Ononis sp., poaceous plants and weeds.

zRhyparochromus reuteri gRhyparochramus saturnius sRhyparochromus vulgaris

Figure 43. Distribution of the species of Rhyparochromus reuteri, R. saturnius and R. vulgaris.

51

9. Rhyparochromus reuteri (Hv.) Material studied: Adana (Tufanbeyli-Gezbeli), Antalya (Gündoğmuş, Kaş-Kekova, Manavgat), İçel (Erdemli-Güzeloluk), Kahramanmaraş (Ahır Mountain, Andırın, Göksun). Kilis (Central province) (Fig. 43). 21 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the end of May to the beginning of August. They were taken on Astragalus sp., Centaurea sp., Rumex sp., weeds, dung, understone, on the ground and by the aerial collector. 10. Rhyparochromus saturnius (R.) Material studied: Antalya (Kaş-Kekova), Gaziantep (Yavuzeli), Hatay (Hassa, Yayladağı), İçel (Mut), Kahramanmaraş (Andırın), Osmaniye (Düziçi) (Fig. 43). 7 specimens. Occurrence: Common but in small numbers. Biological note: They were collected from the end of April to the end of July. They were taken on Triticum sp., weeds, on the ground and by the aerial collector. 11. Rhyparochromus vulgaris (Schl.) Material studied: Adana (Feke, Gavur Mountain), İçel (Çamlıyayla-Cehennemdere, Tarsus), Osmaniye (Kadirli, Zorkun) (Fig. 43). 14 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected from end of April to the beginning of June. They were taken on Asphodelus sp., Quercus sp., Triticum sp., understone and also on the ground.

z Scolopostethus affinis gScolopostethus cognatus sScolopostethus decoratus | Scolopostethus grandis

Figure 44. Distribution of the species of Scolopostethus affinis, S. cognatus, S. decoratus and S. grandis.

52

22. Genus: Scolopostethus Fieb. 1. Scolopostethus affinis (Schl.) Material studied: Antalya (Gündoğmuş), Bolu (Akçakoca), Karaman (Central province), Konya (Central province), Nevşehir (Ürgüp), Sinop (Ayancık), Zonguldak (Filyos) (Fig. 44). 7 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common but in small numbers. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the end of April to the mid of August. They were taken on Fagus sp., Pyrus malus, weeds and also by the aerial collector. 2. Scolopostethus cognatus Fieb. Material studied: Antalya (Central province-Saklıkent, Kemer), Gaziantep (Oğuzeli), Hatay (Hassa), İçel (Erdemli, Silifke, Tarsus) (Fig. 44). 13 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common but in small numbers. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the mid of April to the end of July. They were taken on Urtica sp., Verbascum sp., weeds and also from by the aerial collector. 3. Scolopostethus decoratus (H.) Material studied: Karabük (Central province), Konya (Seydişehir) (Fig. 44). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the end of May to the beginning of July. They were taken on Salix sp. and Vicia faba. 4. Scolopostethus grandis Hv. Material studied: Çankırı (Central province), Nevşehir (Ürgüp) (Fig. 44). 4 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected at the first half of August on weeds. 5. Scolopostethus pictus (Schl.) Material studied: Adana (Feke, Saimbeyli), Antalya (Korkuteli), İçel (Çamlıyayla– Cehennemdere, -Gözne, Silifke, Tarsus), Osmaniye (Zorkun) (Fig. 45). 25 specimens. Occurrence: Common. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the end of April to the mid of July. They were taken on Urtica sp., Nerium oleander, weeds and also on the ground and by the aerial collector. 23. Genus: Stygnocoris Dgl. 1. Stygnocoris faustus Hv. Material studied: Kayseri (Central province, Yılanlıdağ) (Fig. 45). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected at the mid of August on the ground. 2. Stygnocoris pedestris (Fn.) Material studied: Antalya (Gündoğmuş), İçel (Anamur), Zonguldak (Ereğli) (Fig. 45). 6 specimens. Occurrence: Occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the end of April to the end of May.They were taken on Cistus sp. and legumineous plants.

53

3. Stygnocoris rusticus Fall. Material studied: Kayseri (Yılandağ), Kırıkkale (Keskin) (Fig. 45). 23 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected at the end of June on Juglans sp., Prunus sp., Rosa sp. and weeds.

z Scolopostethus pictus g Stygnocoris faustus s Stygnocoris pedestris | Stygnocoris rusticus

Figure 45. Distribution of the species of Scolopostethus pictus, Stygnocoris faustus, S. pedestris and S. rusticus. 24. Genus: Taphropeltus Stal 1. Taphropeltus nervosus (Fieb.) Material studied: Antalya (Central province), Hatay (Hassa) (Fig. 46). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Adults were collected from the mid of April to the beginning of June. They were taken by the aerial collector. 25. Genus: Trapezonotus Fieb. 1. Trapezonotus ullrichi Fieb. Material studied: Nevşehir (Avanos), Yozgat (Central province) (Fig. 46). 2 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected from the end of June to the mid of August. They were taken on weeds and understone.

54

26. Genus: Tropistethus Fieb. 1. Tropistethus fasciatus Fr. Material studied: Ankara (Şereflikoçhisar), Bartın (Central province), Bolu (Yığılca), Çankırı (Eskipazar), Kastamonu (Central province, Cide), Zonguldak (Central province, Çaycuma) (Fig. 46).11 specimens. Occurrence: Nearly common but in small numbers. Biological note: Adults were collected from the beginning of May to the mid of July. They were taken on Quercus sp., weeds and also by the aerial collector.

z Taphropeltus nervosus g Trapezonotus ullrichi s Tropistethus fasciatus |Tropistethus holosericeus

Figure 46. Distribution of the species of Taphropeltus nervosus, Trapezonotus ullrichi, Tropistethus fasciatus and T. holosericeus. 2. Tropistethus holosericeus (Sch.) Material studied: Kahramanmaraş (Nurhak Mountain, Türkoğlu) (Fig. 46). 4 specimens. Occurrence: Very occasionally. Biological note: Specimens were collected at the second half of July. They were taken by light trap and also by the aerial collector.

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REFERENCES Aysev, N., 1974. Ege Bölgesi Lygaeidae Familyası Üzerinde Sistematik Çalışmalar. Güven Matbaası, Ankara, 149 pp. Fairmaire, L., 1866. Notice sur les Coleopteres recoltes par. P. J. Lederer de L’Asie Mineure. Ann. Soc. ent. France: 249-280. Çakır, S. & F. Önder, 1990. Türkiye Geocorinae (Het.: Lygaeidae) altfamilyası üzerinde sistematik ve faunistik çalışmalar. Türk. Entomol. Derg., 14: 37-52. Gadeau de Kerville, H., 1939. Voyage zoologique d’Henri Gadeau de Kerville en Asie-Mineure (Avril-Mai 1912). Paul Le Chevalier, Paris, 148 pp. Hoberlandt, L., 1955. Results of the Zoological Scientific Expedition of the National Museum in Praha to Turkey. 18. Hemiptera IV. Terrestrial Hemiptera-Heteroptera of Turkey. Acta ent. Mus. natn. Pragae, Suppl. 3: 1-264. Horvath, G., 1905. Ergebnisse einer naturwissenschaftlichen Reise zum Erdschias-dagh Hemipteren. Annls naturh. Mus. Wien, 20: 179-189.

(Klein-Asien).

Josifov, M., 1965. Zur Systematik der Gattung Melanocoryphus Stal (Hem.: Het.:Lygaeidae). Acta ent. Mus. natn. Pragae, 36: 311-334. Kerzhner, I.M. & F.L. Yachevski, 1964. "19. Order Hemiptera (Heteroptera) pp. 851-1118." Keys to the insects of the European USSR. I. Ed.: G. Ya Bei-Bienko (Translated from Russian 1967). Jerusalem, 1214 pp. Linnavuori, R., 1965. Studies on the South and East Mediterranean Hemiptereous Fauna III. Hemipterological observations from Turkey. Act. ent. fenn., 21: 44-61. Lodos, N., F. Önder, E. Pehlivan & R. Atalay, 1978. Ege ve Marmara Bölgelerinin Zararlı Böcek Faunasının Tespiti Üzerinde Çalışmalar [(Curculionidae, Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera); Pentatomidae, Lygaeidae, Miridae (Heteroptera)]. T.C. Gıda, Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı, Zir.Müc. Zir. Kar.Gen. Md. Yay., Ankara, 301 pp. Lodos, N., F. Önder, E. Pehlivan, E. Erkin, Y. Karsavuran & S. Aksoy 1983. Orta Anadolu ve Batı Karadeniz Bölgelerinin böcek faunasının tespiti üzerinde çalışmalar [(Curculionidae, Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera); Pentatomidae, Scutelleridae, Lygaeidae, Miridae (Heteroptera)]. Doğa Bil. Derg., D2, 7(3): 207-212. Lodos, N., F. Önder, E. Pehlivan, R. Atalay, E. Erkin, Y. Karsavuran & S. Tezcan, 1989. Akdeniz Bölgesinin ziraata zararlı ve faydalı böcek faunasının tespiti üzerinde araştırmalar [(Curculionidae, Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera); Pentatomidae, Lygaeidae, Miridae (Heteroptera)]. Doğa Bil. Derg., 13(1): 81-88. Önder, F., Y. Karsavuran, S. Aksoy, E. Pehlivan & E. Erkin, 1979. Hareketli bir taşıt aracından, uçuş halinde böcekleri yakalamaya yarayan bir yöntem (Havadan toplayıcı). Türk. Bit. Kor. Derg., 3 (4): 145-150. Puton, A., 1892. Hémiptéres nouveaux ou peu connues et notes diverses. IV: Hémiptéres d’Akbés. l’Amanus (Syrie septentrionale).Recoltes pas M. Delagrange. Revue d’Ent., 11: 24-36.

Region

de

Puton, A. & M. Noualhier, 1895. Supplement a la liste des Hémiptéres d’Akbés. Revue d’Ent., 14: 170-177. Seidenstücker, G., 1957. Heteropteren aus Anatolien I. İstanbul Univ. Fen Fak. Mecm., 22: 179-189. Seidenstücker, G., 1958. Heteropteren aus Anatolien II. İstanbul Univ. Fen Fak. Mecm., 23: 119-129. Seidenstücker, G., 1960. Heteropteren aus Anatolien III. İstanbul Univ. Fen Fak. Mecm., 25: 145-154. Stichel, W., 1960. Illustrierte Bestimmungstabellen der Wanzen. II. Europa, 4 (14-17): 442-544, Berlin. Stichel, W., 1961. Illustrierte Bestimmungstabellen der Wanzen. II. Europa, 4 (18-21): 545-666, Berlin. Wagner, E., 1959. Beitrag zur Heteropteren fauna Anatoliens. Z. Angew. ent. Hamburg, 44: 102-113. Wagner, E., 1966. Eine Heteropterenausbeute aus der Türkei (Hemiptera, Heteroptera). Bull. Rech. agron.

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Gembloux, N.S. 1: 646-654. Wagner, E., 1967. Die palearktischen Arten der Gattung Henestaris Spinola 1837 (Heteroptera, Lygaeidae).Acta ent. Mus. natn. Pragae, 37: 129-145.

57

INDEX TO SPECIES affinis (H.-S.) affinis (Schl.) alboacuminatus (Gz.) albofasciata (C.) albomaculatus (Gz.) alutacea Fieb. ambiguus (Fl.) anatolicum Seid. angustus Mtd. antennatus Mtd. arenarius (Jak.) artemisiae Schl. ater (F.) balcanica (Kml.) barbarus Mtd. brachiidens (Df.) brachynotus Hv. brevicornis (Pt.) capito Hv. carinatus Lb. caspius Jak. cathariae (G.) chloroticus Pt. ciliatus Hv. claviculus (Fn.) cognatus Fieb. colon Fieb.–Pt. consors (Hv.) cremeus Kir. creticus Lc. cribratissimus (Stal) cymoides Spin. decoratus (H.) denticollis Hv. depressus Dl. dolosus Hv. doriai Fr.

13 52 48 31 21 4 45 18 36 42 9 13 9 5 39 44 36 42 28 23 7 13 9 36 7 52 42 48 13 19 42 23 52 37 27 40 6

emarginatus (Rey) equestris (L.) ericae (Schl.) erythrocephalus (P.S.) erythropterum Pt. fasciata (H.-S.) fasciatus Fr. faustus Hv. fenestratus (H.-S.) flavicornis Jak. foveolata Spin. fracticollis (Schl.) fraterculus Hv. fuscinervis Stal geniculatus (H.) glaberrima (Wk.) glandicolor H. gracilicornis Pt. gracilis (Rb.) graminicola (Klt.) grandis Hv. griseus W. grossipes (DeG.) halophilus (Bm.) helveticus (H.-S.) hircanica (Klt.) hirsutus Fieb. hirticornis (H.-S.) hispidulus Fieb. holosericeus (Sch.) hungaricus Hv. hyalinipennis (C.) immaculatus (Rey) inarimensis (C.) inermis (Fieb.) inermis (Rb.) interrupta (Fieb.)

42 20 24 10 19 29 54 52 39 46 5 45 28 30 46 35 8 46 45 24 52 37 39 13 25 5 44 40 35 54 47 32 48 49 30 14 31

58

jordani Hob. kareli Hob. kareli Hob. laticeps (Ct.) leucopterus (Gz.) limbata Fieb. longiceps Wgn. longiceps Stal longipilis (Pt.) lundi (Gml.) luridus (Fieb.) lynceus (F.) maculatus (Fieb.) marginatus Fr. marginepunctatus (W.) maritimus (Scop.) maurum F. maximus (Pt.) megacephalus (R. ) mehadiensis Hv. melanocephalus (F.) melanocephalus Fieb. minutus (Jak.) modestus (Fn.) nerii (Gm.) nervosus (Fieb.) ochroleuca Fieb. origani (Klt.) osmanus Seid. ovatulus (C.) pallens (H.-S.) palliata (C.) pallidipennis (C.) pallipes Pt. pandurus (Scop.) pedestris (Fn.) pedestris Stal.

.

27 13 38 13 22 32 33 16 44 46 12 49 27 47 40 34 41 44 9 47 16 8 29 33 18 53 34 30 38 40 33 28 10 41 20 52 18

phoeniceus (R.) picipes ( H.-S. ) pictus (Schl.) pineti (H.-S.) pini (L.) praetextatus (H.-S.) ptilioides Pt. punctipennis (H.-S.) quadripunctata (Ml.) reticulatum (H.-S.) reuteri (Hv.) reyi Pt. roeseli (Schl.) rolandri (L.) rubicunda Stal rusticus Fall. sabulicolus (Th.) salinus Jak. salviae (Schl.) saturejae (Klt.) saturnius (R.) saxatilis (Scop.) senecionis (Schl.) setifer Seid. setosus Pt. spinolai (Sign.) stalianus Hv. staphyliniformis (Schl.) superbus Pol. suturalis Hv. thymi (W.) tristrami (D.-Sc.) truncatulus ericae (Hv.) truncatulus truncatulus (Wk.) ullrichi Fieb. urticae (F.) verbasci (F.) vulgaris (Schl.)

49 42 52 49 50 44 47 25 35 19 51 27 16 34 18 53 44 12 16 6 51 21 25 38 44 6 25 48 22 7 27 22 16 16 53 14 38 51