Supplementary material Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Inhibition of anaerobic digestion by the plant secondary metabolite gramine
Denny Popp*, Hauke Harms, Heike Sträuber Department of Environmental Microbiology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
*
corresponding author: Denny Popp, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany. Tel: +49
341 2434 367; fax: +49 341 235 451260; e-mail address:
[email protected]
1.0 0.9 Relative abundance of T-RFs
0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0
0 d 49 d 84 d 119 d 148 d
0 d 49 d 84 d 119 d 148 d
0 d 49 d 84 d 119 d 148 d
Daily gramine-exposed reactor A
Gramine-spiked reactor B
Gramin-free control reactor C
59 bp 129 bp 171 bp 279 bp
66 bp 136 bp 179 bp 280 bp
80 bp 146 bp 181 bp 282 bp
83 bp 147 bp 188 bp 304 bp
85 bp 159 bp 209 bp 362 bp
87 bp 161 bp 216 bp 364 bp
89 bp 163 bp 219 bp 522 bp
119 bp 164 bp 222 bp 536 bp
122 bp 168 bp 224 bp 538 bp
Figure S1: T-RFLP profiles based on bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons and MspI restriction endonuclease. T-RFLP profiles of the gramine-exposed reactors A and B and the gramine-free control reactor C were compared at five different time points. Daily addition of gramine to reactor A was started on day 0. Reactor B was spiked with gramine on day 63, 86 and 121. Analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) did not reveal any significant differences between the bacterial communities for each time point (R = -0.3, p = 0.98).
Relative abundance of T-RFs
1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0
0d
49 d 84 d 119 d 148 d
Daily gramine-exposed reactor A Methanosarcina 55 bp Methanosarcina Methanoculleus 95 bp Methanoculleus 131 bp 340 bp 421 bp 470 bp 495 bp
0d
49 d 84 d 119 d 148 d
Gramin-spiked reactor B Methanosarcina 57 bp Methanosarcina 123 bp Methanobacterium Methanobacterium 163 bp 345 bp 437 bp 477 bp 497 bp
0d
49 d 84 d 119 d 148 d
Gramine-free control reactor C Methanoculleus 93 bp Methanoculleus 129 bp Methanosaeta Methanosaeta 297 bp 413 bp 468 bp 493 bp
Figure S2: T-RFLP profiles based on mcrA amplicons and BstNI restriction endonuclease describing the methanogenic community structure. T-RFLP profiles of the gramine-exposed reactors A and B and graminefree control reactor C were compared at five different time points. Daily addition of gramine to reactor A started on day 0. Gramine was spiked to reactor B on day 63, 86 and 121. Reactor C served as gramine-free control.
