EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH ON ALCOHOLISM. 12â15 SEPTEMBER 2015. VALENCIA, SPAIN. SY19-3. THE USE OF P300 AND ...
Alcohol and Alcoholism, 2015, 50(S1) i1–i67
Abstracts
ESBRA 2015 EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH ON ALCOHOLISM 12–15 SEPTEMBER 2015 VALENCIA, SPAIN
SY19-3 THE USE OF P300 AND NOGO-P300 EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS AS BIOLOGICAL MARKERS OF RELAPSE IN ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE E. Schröder, G. Petit, C. Kornreich, P. Verbanck, and S. Campanella Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d’Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium Introduction. Relapse rates for psychiatric disorders such as alcohol dependence remain staggeringly high, suggesting current treatment methods are not entirely effective. Two main cognitive mechanisms trigger relapse in alcohol dependence: (1) impaired inhibitory control, as failures in response inhibition weaken the ability to stop alcohol consumption and (2) increased salience of alcohol-related cues. Therefore, we created two cognitive tasks aiming to screen
recently detoxified alcoholic patients to individualize those at risk of relapse. Method. After a three-week detoxification cure, thirty patients were confronted through ERPs with (1) a contextual Go-NoGo task, and (2) a visual oddball task, including deviant stimuli related or not to alcohol. A three-months follow-up was pursued to verify whether patients relapsed or not. Results. While behavioral data showed no difference between future relapsers and abstainers, ERPs data suggest that (1) the higher difficulty to inhibit, indexed by a higher NoGo P300 in relapsers, may be a good predictor of relapse in alcohol dependence while (2) a devaluation of the motivational significance of stimuli related to alcohol, indexed by a decreased P300 in abstainers, could protect from relapse within three months following detoxification in alcohol dependent patients. Conclusion. Individualized programs aiming at increasing cognitive control and decreasing motivation towards alcohol cues should be developed.
